The document provides information on Spanish verb tenses and structures including: the preterite and imperfect, the future and conditional, por and para, commands, the present perfect, pronouns, adverbs, the subjunctive, se impersonal, and the progressive. Key verb conjugations and uses of various structures are defined.

2.  Pret/ Imp
 Fut/ Con
 Por
 Para
 Commands
 Present perfect
 Double object
 Pronouns
 Adverbs
 Subjunctive
 Se impersonal
 Progressive
 Ir, andar, seguir

3. Imperfect Preterite
The imperfect tense is used Past tense
to refer to actions in the past Known beginning
that occurred repeatedly.
Snap shot
Aba Ia
Abas Ias E I
Aba Ia Aste Iste
Abamos Iasmos O Io
aban ian Amos Imos
aron ieron

4. Future
Conditional “will”
Should, could, would e
Ia Infiniti As
Ias ve + A
ending
Ia Emos
Iasmos an
ian

5.  To indicate the cause of or reason for something
 To indicate support for or action on behalf of some person or
cause
 To indicate an exchange of some sort
 To indicate being in a place
 Examples: por cierto (by the way), por lo general
(generally), por supuesto (of course), por otra parte (on the
other hand), por fin (finally), por lo menos (at least)

6.  To mean "in order to“
 To indicate purpose, intent, usefulness or need
 To indicate a destination
 To mean "no later than" or "by“
 To mean "no later than" or "by“
 To mean "no later than" or "by“
 Examples: Estoy para salir. (I'm ready to leave. I am about to
leave.) Estamos para hacer negocios. (We're ready to do
business. We're ready for doing business.)

7.  Should, could, would
 Helps you talk about what would happen under a certain
condition
 Used to make polite request
 Verbs ending with –ar, -er, and –ir all things have the same
endings in the conditonal
Infinitive Irregular
Decir Dir
Hacer Har
Poder Podr
Poner Ponar
Querer Querr
Saber Sabr
Salir Saldr
Tener Tendr
Valer Valdr
Venir Vendr

8.  He/habia he hablado
 has/habias hemos comido
 Ha/habia
 Hemos/hablamos
 Han/habian

9.  Abrir-abierto
 Cubrir-cubierto
 Decir-dicho
 Escribir-escrito
 Hacer-hecho
 Morir-muerto
 Poner-puesto
 Resolver-resuelto
 Romper-roto
 Ver-visto
 Volver-vuelto
 Ir-ido

10.  The indirect object answers the question "To whom?" or
"For whom?" the action of the verb is performed.
 Sentences that have an indirect object usually also
have a direct object. The IO tells us where the DO is
going.
› He gives María the book.
To whom does he give the book?
To María.
› IO=María
› He buys me flowers.
For whom does he buy the flowers?
For me.
› IO=me

11.  Rapido- rapidamente
 Change the “o” to an “a” and add a “mente”
› Bastante-quite
› Demasidado- too
› Mal- badly
› Mucho- a lot
› Muy- very
› Nunca- never
› Peor- worse
› Poco- little
› Siempre- always

12.  The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is a mood.
Tense refers to when an action takes place
(past, present, future), while mood merely reflects
how the speaker feels about the action.
•A menos que •Despues (de) que
•Unless •After
•Antes (de) que •Dudar que
•Before •To doubt that
•Con tal (de) que •En caso de que
•Provided that •In case
•Cuando •Es bueno que
•When •Its good that
•Conviene que •Es facil que
•It is advisable that •Its likey that

13.  The impersonal "se" is used with a third person singular verb to
express the impersonal English subjects, one, you, people, or
they.
› Examples:
 se puede nadar en el lago?
 Se dice que hay brujos que viven en la sierra
 Se como muy bien en mexico
 The passive "se" is very similar to the impersonal "se". The
agent of the action is either unknown or unimportant and the
influence is placed on the action and not the doer/actor.
› Examples:
 No se habla espanol en ese pueblo
 Se gasta mucho dinero en el mercado

14.  The Present Progressive has two components: A conjugation of Estar and a
present participle.
 The Present Progressive uses Estar since the Present Progressive describes a
"state" that you are in.
 The participle is the "-ing" form of a verb; for example
"running", "talking", "playing“.
 We form the participle by dropping the -ar, -er, or -ir from the infinitive of a
verb and adding one of two endings, -ando or -iendo.
 to all -Ar verbs, add -ando
› 1) Hablar [to talk] 2) Habl-ar = habl- 3) Habl+ando = hablando [talking]
 to -Er and -Ir verbs, add -iendo
› 1) Comer [to eat] 2) Com-er = com- 3) Com+iendo = comiendo [eating]
1) Escribir [to write] 2) Escrib-ir = escrib- 3) Escrib+iendo = escribiendo (writing)

15.  Ir
› + ando/iendo/ yendo
› Is slowly but surely_____ing
 Andar
› + ando/ iendo/ yendo
› Is going around_____ing
 Seguir (e>I )
› + ando/ iendo/ yendo
› Is still____ing