This document contains information about GPS from four group members: Hassan Rohail, Talha Noman, Anas Ali, and Arslan Ikram. Hassan provides a history of GPS, noting it was designed for military use and fully operational by 1995. Talha defines GPS as a space-based system that provides location, weather, and navigation info using 3 segments. Anas will discuss how GPS works. Arslan covers applications of GPS like aviation and mapping, drawbacks like signal issues, and future developments like improved accuracy.

3. Group Members,
1. Arslan Ikram
2. Hassan Rohail
3. Talha Noman
4. Anas Ali

4. History of GPS
By Hassan Rohail

5. History
 The Global Positioning System (GPS) was designed for
military applications. Its primary purpose was to
allow soldiers to keep track of their position and to
assist in guiding weapons to their targets.
 The satellites were built by Rockwell International
and were launched by the U.S. Air Force.
 The entire system is funded by the U.S. government
and controlled by the U.S. Department of Defense.
The total cost for implementing the system was over
$12 billion

6. History
 The GPS project was developed in 1973 to
overcome the limitations of previous navigation
systems.
 The GPS constellation of satellites consists of at
least 24 satellites – 21 primary satellites and 3
orbiting spares.
 It became fully operational in 1995,and became
public in 2000.
 The inventors of GPS are Bradford Parkinson, Roger
L. Easton, and Ivan A. Getting.

7. WHAT IS GPS ?
BY TALHA NOMAN

8. What is GPS ?
 A space-based navigation system that provides
1. location,
2. information about weather
3. navigation.
 It mainly consists of three segments,
1. Space segment
2. Control segment
3. User Segment

9. GPS Elements
 Space Segment
 GPS satellites fly in circular orbits at an altitude of
20,200 km with a period of 12 hours.
 Orbits are designed so that, six satellites are always
within line of sight from any location on the planet.
 Control Segment
 Operated by US Air Force
 Master control segment
 Dedicated ground antennas
 Monitoring stations

10. GPS Elements
 User Segment
 Consists of Gps Recivers
 Calculate location using Gps Signals

11. Working of GPS
BY ANAS ALI

15. Applications, Drawbacks and Future
Development
By Arslan Ikram

16. Applications of GPS
 Aviation
 Cost effective solution
 Increase the and efficiency
 Three-dimensional positioning

17. Applications of GPS
 Space
 Nacigation Solutions
 Altitude Solutions
 Timing Solutions & etc.

18. Applications of GPS
 Survey and Mapping
 Accuracy
 Reliability
 Interoperability

19. Drawbacks of GPS
 Signal multipath
 Atmospheric effect
 No GPS signals in
 Indoor
 Underwater
 Underground

20. Future development
 Enhanced signal reliability and Accuracy
 Cross platform receivers
 More accurate
 Fast convergence

21. Future developments
 GLONASS – Russia's global navigation system. Fully operational worldwide.
 Galileo – a global system being developed by the European Union and
other partner countries, which began operation in 2016, and is expected to
be fully deployed by 2020.
 Beidou – People's Republic of China's regional system, currently limited to
Asia and the West Pacific, global coverage planned to be operational by
2020
 IRNSS - A regional navigation system developed by the Indian Space
Research Organization.
 QZSS - A regional navigation system in development that would be
receivable within Japan.