Geometrical Tolerances
By Hassan Habib
Objectives
• Introduction to Dimensions
• Terminologies
• Important Fundamental Rules
• Basics about Dimensioning
• Dimensioning Features
• Introduction to Tolerances
• Applications
• Direct Tolerancing Methods
• Tolerance Expressions
• Tolerancing on various Features
Introduction to Dimensions
• About The Standard ASME Y14.5
• The need of Dimensions
• Historical Perspective
Introduction to Dimensions
• Terminologies
• Dimension (Basic, Reference)
• Geometric Tolerance
• Datum
• Feature
• Feature Control Frame
• MMC & LMC
Introduction to Dimensions
• Important Fundamental Rules
• Each dimension should have a tolerance
• It should fully define the geometry with no room
left for assumptions or over definition
• The dimensions define the finished part, any
processing required should be specified
• There should be only one interpretation of every
dimension
• Dimensions are valid only where they are specified
Introduction to Dimensions
•Types of dimensioning
•Millimeter dimensioning
• Zero precedes when the dimension is less than
1 mm.
• In case of whole number neither the decimal
point nor the 0 is shown
• Last digit of fractional dimension is not
followed by a zero
Introduction to Dimensions
•Types of dimensioning
•Millimeter dimensioning
Introduction to Dimensions
•Types of dimensioning
•Inch dimensioning
• Zero does not precede when the dimension is
less than 1 in.
• A dimension is expressed in the same number
of zeroes as the tolerances
Introduction to Dimensions
•Types of dimensioning
•Inch dimensioning
Introduction to Dimensions
• Basics of Dimensions
• Dimension Lines
• Alignment
• Spacing
Introduction to Dimensions
• Basics of Dimensions
• Extension Lines
• Crossing of extension lines
Introduction to Dimensions
• Basics of Dimensions
• Chain Lines
• Leader Lines
Introduction to Dimensions
• Basics of Dimensions
• Reference Dimensions
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Radii
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Foreshortened Radii
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Irregular Outlines
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Counter bore Holes
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Counter sunk Holes
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Spotfaced Holes
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Chamfers
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Location
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Location
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Repetitive features
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Repetitive features
Introduction to Dimensions
• Dimensioning various features
• Repetitive features
Introduction to Tolerances
• Application of Tolerances
• As direct limits
• As a geometric tolerance
• In a note or table referring to specific dimensions
• In a general tolerance block referring to all
dimensions on a drawing for which tolerances are
not otherwise specified
Introduction to Tolerances
•Direct Tolerancing Methods
• Limit Dimensioning
Introduction to Tolerances
•Direct Tolerancing Methods
•Plus and Minus Tolerancing
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Expression
• Millimeter Tolerance
• Inch Tolerance
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Accumulation
• Chain Dimensioning
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Accumulation
• Base Line Dimensioning
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Accumulation
• Direct Dimensioning
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Accumulation
•Dimensional Limits related to an origin
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerance Accumulation
•Dimensional Limits related to an origin
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Screw Threads
• Gears and Splines
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Angular Surfaces
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Conical Tapers
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Radii
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Radii
Introduction to Tolerances
•Tolerancing on different features
• Statistical Tolerancing
Thank You for Your Patience

Geometrical tolerances