Knowledge representation In Artificial IntelligenceRamla Sheikh
facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
Knowledge = information + rules
EXAMPLE
Doctors, managers.
This Presentation discusses he following topics:
Introduction
Need for Problem formulation
Problem Solving Components
Definition of Problem
Problem Limitation
Goal or Solution
Solution Space
Operators
Examples of Problem Formulation
Well-defined Problems and Solution
Examples of Well-Defined Problems
Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs)
Examples of constraint satisfaction problem
Decision problem
Knowledge representation In Artificial IntelligenceRamla Sheikh
facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject.
Knowledge = information + rules
EXAMPLE
Doctors, managers.
This Presentation discusses he following topics:
Introduction
Need for Problem formulation
Problem Solving Components
Definition of Problem
Problem Limitation
Goal or Solution
Solution Space
Operators
Examples of Problem Formulation
Well-defined Problems and Solution
Examples of Well-Defined Problems
Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs)
Examples of constraint satisfaction problem
Decision problem
This presentation describes briefly about the image enhancement in spatial domain, basic gray level transformation, histogram processing, enhancement using arithmetic/ logical operation, basics of spatial filtering and local enhancements.
Prediction of Euro 50 Using Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Geneti...AI Publications
Modeling time series is often associated with the process forecasts certain characteristics in the next period. One of the methods forecasts that developed nowadays is using artificial neural network or more popularly known as a neural network. Use neural network in forecasts time series can be a good solution, but the problem is network architecture and the training method in the right direction. One of the choices that might be using a genetic algorithm. A genetic algorithm is a search algorithm stochastic resonance based on how it works by the mechanisms of natural selection and genetic variation that aims to find a solution to a problem. This algorithm can be used as teaching methods in train models are sent back propagation neural network. The application genetic algorithm and neural network for divination time series aim to get the weight optimum. From the training and testing on the data index share price euro 50 obtained by the RMSE testing 27.8744 and 39.2852 RMSE training. The weight or parameters that produced by has reached an optimum level in second-generation 1000 with the best fitness and the average 0.027771 the fitness of 0.0027847.Model is good to be used to give a prediction that is quite accurate information that is shown by the close target with the output.
This presentation describes briefly about the image enhancement in spatial domain, basic gray level transformation, histogram processing, enhancement using arithmetic/ logical operation, basics of spatial filtering and local enhancements.
Prediction of Euro 50 Using Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Geneti...AI Publications
Modeling time series is often associated with the process forecasts certain characteristics in the next period. One of the methods forecasts that developed nowadays is using artificial neural network or more popularly known as a neural network. Use neural network in forecasts time series can be a good solution, but the problem is network architecture and the training method in the right direction. One of the choices that might be using a genetic algorithm. A genetic algorithm is a search algorithm stochastic resonance based on how it works by the mechanisms of natural selection and genetic variation that aims to find a solution to a problem. This algorithm can be used as teaching methods in train models are sent back propagation neural network. The application genetic algorithm and neural network for divination time series aim to get the weight optimum. From the training and testing on the data index share price euro 50 obtained by the RMSE testing 27.8744 and 39.2852 RMSE training. The weight or parameters that produced by has reached an optimum level in second-generation 1000 with the best fitness and the average 0.027771 the fitness of 0.0027847.Model is good to be used to give a prediction that is quite accurate information that is shown by the close target with the output.
This is a presentation on data science in this presentation machine learning algorithems are explained with a brief description of artificial intellignece
SURVEY ON CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHMS USING BIG DATASETEditor IJMTER
Data mining environment produces a large amount of data that need to be analyzed.
Using traditional databases and architectures, it has become difficult to process, manage and analyze
patterns. To gain knowledge about the Big Data a proper architecture should be understood.
Classification is an important data mining technique with broad applications to classify the various
kinds of data used in nearly every field of our life. Classification is used to classify the item
according to the features of the item with respect to the predefined set of classes. This paper put a
light on various classification algorithms including j48, C4.5, Naive Bayes using large dataset.
Machine learning is the subfield of computer science that, according to Arthur Samuel in 1959, gives "computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.Evolved from the study of pattern recognition and computational learning theory in artificial intelligence,machine learning explores the study and construction of algorithms that can learn from and make predictions on data – such algorithms overcome following strictly static program instructions by making data-driven predictions or decisions,:2 through building a model from sample inputs. Machine learning is employed in a range of computing tasks where designing and programming explicit algorithms with good performance is difficult or unfeasible; example applications include email filtering, detection of network intruders or malicious insiders working towards a data breach,Optical character recognition (OCR),learning to rank and computer vision.
Distributed Digital Artifacts on the Semantic WebEditor IJCATR
Distributed digital artifacts incorporate cryptographic hash values to URI called trusty URIs in a distributed environment
building good in quality, verifiable and unchangeable web resources to prevent the rising man in the middle attack. The greatest
challenge of a centralized system is that it gives users no possibility to check whether data have been modified and the communication
is limited to a single server. As a solution for this, is the distributed digital artifact system, where resources are distributed among
different domains to enable inter-domain communication. Due to the emerging developments in web, attacks have increased rapidly,
among which man in the middle attack (MIMA) is a serious issue, where user security is at its threat. This work tries to prevent MIMA
to an extent, by providing self reference and trusty URIs even when presented in a distributed environment. Any manipulation to the
data is efficiently identified and any further access to that data is blocked by informing user that the uniform location has been
changed. System uses self-reference to contain trusty URI for each resource, lineage algorithm for generating seed and SHA-512 hash
generation algorithm to ensure security. It is implemented on the semantic web, which is an extension to the world wide web, using
RDF (Resource Description Framework) to identify the resource. Hence the framework was developed to overcome existing
challenges by making the digital artifacts on the semantic web distributed to enable communication between different domains across
the network securely and thereby preventing MIMA.
Mining Frequent Item set Using Genetic Algorithmijsrd.com
By applying rule mining algorithms, frequent itemsets are generated from large data sets e.g. Apriori algorithm. It takes so much computer time to compute all frequent itemsets. We can solve this problem much efficiently by using Genetic Algorithm(GA). GA performs global search and the time complexity is less compared to other algorithms. Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive heuristic search & optimization method for solving both constrained and unconstrained problems based on the evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. The main aim of this work is to find all the frequent itemsets from given data sets using genetic algorithm & compare the results generated by GA with other algorithms. Population size, number of generation, crossover probability, and mutation probability are the parameters of GA which affect the quality of result and time of calculation.
This presentation discusses the following topics:What is Genetic Algorithms?
Introduction to Genetic Algorithm
Classes of Search Techniques
Components of a GA
Components of a GA
Simple Genetic Algorithm
GA Cycle of Reproduction
Population
Reproduction
Chromosome Modification: Mutation, Crossover, Evaluation, Deletion
Example
GA Technology
Issues for GA Practitioners
Benefits of Genetic Algorithms
GA Application Types
Improving the effectiveness of information retrieval system using adaptive ge...ijcsit
Traditional Genetic Algorithm which is used in previous studies depends on fixed control parameters
especially crossover and mutation probabilities, but in this research we tried to use adaptive genetic
algorithm.
Genetic algorithm started to be applied in information retrieval system in order to optimize the query by
genetic algorithm, a good query is a set of terms that express accurately the information need while being
usable within collection corpus, the last part of this specification is critical for the matching process to be
efficient, that is why most research efforts are actually put toward the query improvement.
We investigated the use of adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) under vector space model, Extended Boolean
model, and Language model in information retrieval (IR), the algorithm used crossover and mutation
operators with variable probability, where a traditional genetic algorithm (GA) uses fixed values of those,
and remain unchanged during execution. GA is developed to support adaptive adjustment of mutation and
crossover probability; this allows faster attainment of better solutions. The paper has been tested using
242 Arabic abstracts collected from the proceedings of the Saudi Arabian National conference.
Survey on evolutionary computation tech techniques and its application in dif...ijitjournal
In computer science, 'evolutionary computation' is an algorithmic tool based on evolution. It implements
random variation, reproduction and selection by altering and moving data within a computer. It helps in
building, applying and studying algorithms based on the Darwinian principles of natural selection. In this
paper, studies about different evolutionary computation techniques used in some applications specifically
image processing, cloud computing and grid computing is carried out briefly. This work is an effort to help
researchers from different fields to have knowledge on the techniques of evolutionary computation
applicable in the above mentioned areas.
Feature Engineering in Machine LearningKnoldus Inc.
In this Knolx we are going to explore Data Preprocessing and Feature Engineering Techniques. We will also understand what is Feature Engineering and its importance in Machine Learning. How Feature Engineering can help in getting the best results from the algorithms.
Software Testing: Issues and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence & Machine ...gerogepatton
The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development. Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.
Software Testing: Issues and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence & Machine ...gerogepatton
The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development. Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For
future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.
SOFTWARE TESTING: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & MACHINE ...ijaia
The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has
been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional
development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the
approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development.
Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and
to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For
future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for
further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing
strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.
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Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
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Genetic algorithms vs Traditional algorithms
1. Department of Information Technology 1Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
Dr. C.V. Suresh Babu
Professor
Department of IT
Hindustan Institute of Science & Technology
Genetic Algorithms vs. Traditional
Algorithms
2. Department of Information Technology 2Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
Definition
Genetic algorithm is an algorithm for solving both constrained
and unconstrained optimization problems that are based on
Genetics and Natural Selection
while
traditional algorithm is an unambiguous specification that
defines how to solve a problem. Thus, this is the
main difference between genetic algorithm
and traditional algorithm.
3. Department of Information Technology 3Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
Usage
The specific use of each algorithm is an important difference
between genetic algorithm and traditional algorithm. That is;
the genetic algorithm helps to find the optimal solutions for
difficult problems
while
traditional algorithm provides a step by step methodical
procedure to solve a problem.
4. Department of Information Technology 4Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
Complexity
Another difference between genetic algorithm
and traditional algorithm is that a genetic
algorithm is more advanced than a traditional
algorithm.
5. Department of Information Technology 5Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
Applications
Genetic Algorithm is used in fields such as research,
Machine Learning and, Artificial Intelligence. Traditional
algorithm is used in fields such as Programming,
Mathematics, etc.
Hence, this is also an important difference
between genetic algorithm and traditional algorithm.
6. Department of Information Technology 6Soft Computing (ITC4256 )
• GA's work with string coding of variables instead of variables.so
that coding discretising the search space even though the function
is continuous.
• GA's work with population of points instead of single point.
• In GA's previously found good information is emphasized using
reproduction operator and propagated adaptively through
crossover and mutation operators.
• GA does not require any auxiliary information except the objective
function values.
• GA uses the probabilities in their operators.
This nature of narrowing the search space as the search progresses ,is adaptive and is the unique
characteristic of Genetic Algorithms.
GA are radially different from traditional optimization methods