The document appears to be notes from a review of English grammar tenses and structures. It covers the following topics in order: present simple, present progressive, past simple, past progressive, present perfect simple, comparatives and superlatives, future with "will", infinitives, and passive voice. For each topic, it provides examples of formation and usage. The document aims to concisely explain key rules and structures for several English tenses.
This document discusses reporting speech and the changes needed when changing direct speech to reported speech. It provides examples of changing different verb tenses and time expressions, such as changing "I like this song" to "He said that he liked that song". It also notes that verbs like could, might, should and would do not change in reported speech. The document aims to explain the key aspects of changing direct speech to reported indirect speech.
The document provides information about a final exam for a general review course. It includes the following key details:
- The exam date is Sunday, March 13th, 2016 from 08:00 to 10:00. Students must pay before this date.
- The grading system weights the midterm exam at 45 points, the final exam at 45 points, quizzes at 8 points total (2 points each), and an integrative task at 2 points.
- Students will be able to check their final grades through a link on the course blog.
1) The document discusses various grammar topics including the past progressive tense, past simple vs past progressive, and present perfect simple tense.
2) Examples are provided for forming and using these tenses, such as "I was watching TV yesterday" and "I have travelled to the USA twice."
3) Vocabulary relating to food, experiences, and travel are also mentioned throughout the document.
The document discusses various punctuation rules including capitalization, semicolons, apostrophes, underlining/italicizing, quotation marks, and commas. It provides examples of how to properly use these punctuation marks and notes what words or phrases commonly precede or follow certain punctuation. Guidelines are given for capitalizing titles and proper nouns, using semicolons to join independent clauses, making words possessive with apostrophes, italicizing titles, using quotation marks for dialogue and titles, and inserting commas in a sentence based on grammatical guidelines.
A relative clause is a subordinate clause that provides information about the antecedent in the main clause. The antecedent is the word in the main clause that the relative clause refers to, such as the actor or film. Relative pronouns like who, which, that, and whose are used to link the relative clause to the antecedent. Defining relative clauses add essential information about the antecedent using pronouns like who for people and which for things.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It is used to talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. Regular verbs are made past by adding "-ed" while irregular verbs have unique past forms. The simple past can describe single events in the past as well as actions that happened repeatedly or over a period of time in the past. Examples are provided to illustrate usage.
This document discusses reporting speech and the changes needed when changing direct speech to reported speech. It provides examples of changing different verb tenses and time expressions, such as changing "I like this song" to "He said that he liked that song". It also notes that verbs like could, might, should and would do not change in reported speech. The document aims to explain the key aspects of changing direct speech to reported indirect speech.
The document provides information about a final exam for a general review course. It includes the following key details:
- The exam date is Sunday, March 13th, 2016 from 08:00 to 10:00. Students must pay before this date.
- The grading system weights the midterm exam at 45 points, the final exam at 45 points, quizzes at 8 points total (2 points each), and an integrative task at 2 points.
- Students will be able to check their final grades through a link on the course blog.
1) The document discusses various grammar topics including the past progressive tense, past simple vs past progressive, and present perfect simple tense.
2) Examples are provided for forming and using these tenses, such as "I was watching TV yesterday" and "I have travelled to the USA twice."
3) Vocabulary relating to food, experiences, and travel are also mentioned throughout the document.
The document discusses various punctuation rules including capitalization, semicolons, apostrophes, underlining/italicizing, quotation marks, and commas. It provides examples of how to properly use these punctuation marks and notes what words or phrases commonly precede or follow certain punctuation. Guidelines are given for capitalizing titles and proper nouns, using semicolons to join independent clauses, making words possessive with apostrophes, italicizing titles, using quotation marks for dialogue and titles, and inserting commas in a sentence based on grammatical guidelines.
A relative clause is a subordinate clause that provides information about the antecedent in the main clause. The antecedent is the word in the main clause that the relative clause refers to, such as the actor or film. Relative pronouns like who, which, that, and whose are used to link the relative clause to the antecedent. Defining relative clauses add essential information about the antecedent using pronouns like who for people and which for things.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It is used to talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. Regular verbs are made past by adding "-ed" while irregular verbs have unique past forms. The simple past can describe single events in the past as well as actions that happened repeatedly or over a period of time in the past. Examples are provided to illustrate usage.
The document provides a lesson on using relative pronouns such as who, whose, whom, which, and that to start adjective clauses. It discusses when to use each pronoun depending on whether it refers to a person or thing. Key points covered include only using who, whose, and whom to refer to people; using which to refer to things and animals; and using that to refer to anything. Examples are provided to demonstrate choosing the correct relative pronoun based on whether it is the subject or object of the verb in the clause.
This document provides a summary of Spanish grammar topics in English, organized by sections. It covers verb tenses like the preterite, imperfect, and future, irregular verbs, uses of verbs like gustar, ser and estar, comparatives and superlatives, transition words, and uses of the words por and para in Spanish. The table of contents previews the various grammar points that will be explained in the sections of the document.
This document provides information about Spanish preterite verbs (past tense verbs ending in -AR, -ER, -IR). It explains that preterite verbs refer to completed past actions and that the verb endings indicate who performed the action. It gives the preterite endings for -AR verbs and provides examples of conjugating regular -AR, -ER, -IR verbs as well as irregular -CAR, -GAR, -ZAR verbs in the preterite tense. It also lists words that indicate the past and includes an exercise to practice using preterite verbs.
The document discusses the use of "be going to" to talk about future plans. It provides examples of affirmative statements using "be going to" followed by a base verb form. Negative statements are formed by placing "not" before "going to". Contractions can be used in informal speech. The pronunciation of "going to" is sometimes shortened to "gonna" in conversation. Two practice activities are included - one uses "be going to" to describe vacation plans, and the other has partners make affirmative and negative statements about their own future plans.
The document discusses the past simple tense in English. It provides examples of using regular and irregular verbs in the past simple affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. It lists common regular and irregular verb patterns. Examples are given of completing sentences in the past simple tense.
Course 6-Unit 7: Regular and irregular verbs. spelling -Martin Caicedo
The document discusses the rules for forming the past tense of regular verbs in English. It explains that most regular verbs are formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb. It provides examples like "brush + ed = brushed." For verbs ending in "e," only the letter "d" is added. For single-syllable verbs ending in a consonant, the final consonant is doubled before adding "-ed." Verbs with two syllables and stress on the second, follow the same doubling rule. The document provides many examples to illustrate the patterns for forming the past tense of regular verbs in English.
The document provides information on English grammar structures including conditionals, modal verbs, and tenses. It defines conditional sentences types 0 and 1, and provides examples of each. It also defines the uses of modal verbs like can, could, may, might, must, need to, ought to, shall, should, will, and would. For each modal verb, it lists their different uses and provides examples to illustrate meaning. Finally, it provides exercises for learners to practice using these grammar structures in different contexts.
This document provides a grammar book summary of various Spanish grammar topics including:
- Preterite verb conjugations and types of verbs like snake and snakey verbs.
- Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns and how they agree with nouns.
- Ordinal numbers and how they agree with nouns.
- Uses of prepositions and locations.
- Future tense formations using ir + a + infinitive and regular future endings.
- Imperfect tense irregular verb conjugations.
- Possessive pronouns and adjectives agreeing with nouns.
- Reflexive verb conjugations with the subject and object being the same.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that the simple past is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past. It provides examples of regular and irregular verbs in the simple past, such as "play/played" and "go/went". It also discusses how the auxiliary verb "do" changes to "did" in the past tense. The document provides examples of simple past sentences, negative sentences, and question forms to illustrate its usage.
The simple past tense is used to talk about actions that occurred at a specific time in the past. It is formed by adding "-ed" to regular verbs or using the irregular form of irregular verbs. The simple past tense can describe single events that happened at a specific time in the past or actions that occurred repeatedly or over a period of time in the past but are not ongoing. Examples include talking about exams that were taken last year, being married in 1992, living in South Africa for two years, and habitual actions like always going to the seaside on bank holidays during childhood.
This document provides examples and explanations of different English grammar concepts:
1. It explains the use of the present simple tense with future meaning in conditional clauses.
2. It discusses the use of the infinitive form of verbs and the constructions "be about to" and verbs plus infinitives.
3. It examines the use of the present perfect simple tense with time expressions like "just", "for" and "since".
4. The document also covers reported speech, the past tense of "there is/there are", the past continuous tense, and an introduction to the passive voice including examples of the present simple passive.
This document provides specifications for the 2011 Infiniti G Sedan. It includes details on the mechanical features, safety and security features, comfort and convenience features, pricing, packages, and individual options and accessories. The sedan is available with a 2.5-liter or 3.7-liter V6 engine and comes in rear-wheel drive or all-wheel drive configurations. It has various standard and optional technology, comfort, and performance features. Pricing ranges from $30,950 to $39,450 depending on the model and available packages. The document promotes the Total Ownership Experience provided by Infiniti dealers.
This document provides a list of features in Microsoft Office including PowerPoint 2007, animations, WordArt, tables, and shapes. These features allow users to create presentations with animated effects, artistic text, organized data, and graphical elements. The list highlights some of the core formatting and design tools available in Office programs.
El documento describe el contexto sociocultural y las características de los estudiantes de sexto grado en la Institución Educativa Técnica de Nazareth. Los estudiantes provienen de estratos socioeconómicos bajos y muestran diferentes ritmos de aprendizaje, algunos con problemas de atención y aprendizaje. El autor aplica el método deductivo y otros métodos para desarrollar actividades que involucren a los estudiantes. Realiza investigación-acción para mejorar los contenidos y métodos educativos. Aplica la
The document analyzes radar data from the SHRP2 program to study naturalistic driving behavior related to headway distance. The radar can capture objects within 200m ahead and 40m laterally. Data filtration is used to identify steady targets based on their location, duration of records, and headway gap changes. The results show that at low speeds under 70 km/h, headway distance increases nearly linearly with speed, while at higher speeds over 80 km/h the average headway flattens to around 40m. Three distinct driving styles - cautious, average, and aggressive - are identified based on differences in individual headway distances.
Empresa extractiva%2c de servicios y comercialMaye FlakiiZz
El documento presenta información sobre un hospital general. Menciona que un hospital general ofrece servicios médicos básicos en localidades urbanas y cuenta con proveedores como laboratorios, empresas de servicios y equipo médico. Atiende principalmente a personas afiliadas al IMSS y seguro popular. Entre sus competidores se encuentran hospitales privados y consultorios médicos. El gobierno apoya al hospital para brindar atención médica gratuita.
Dokumen memberikan langkah-langkah penggunaan desain templat pembelajaran ITC di Microsoft PowerPoint, yaitu dengan membuka PowerPoint, memilih format slide layout, dan memilih desain templat yang diinginkan.
Este documento discute a evolução da questão ambiental ao longo das décadas de 1960 e 1970. Apresenta os principais eventos que levaram ao crescimento da conscientização ambiental global, como o relatório "Limites do Crescimento" em 1972 e a primeira Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano em Estocolmo naquele mesmo ano. Também descreve os primeiros movimentos ambientalistas e a criação de agências como o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente.
This document provides tips for writing an effective biography in 3 sentences or less. It recommends developing an outline and keeping the biography short, using the third person, and selecting one or two key accomplishments to highlight with specifics. The tips suggest avoiding mistakes by editing multiple times and having others review it, and including basics like name, profession, education and experience while focusing on specific and achievable goals.
The document provides a lesson on using relative pronouns such as who, whose, whom, which, and that to start adjective clauses. It discusses when to use each pronoun depending on whether it refers to a person or thing. Key points covered include only using who, whose, and whom to refer to people; using which to refer to things and animals; and using that to refer to anything. Examples are provided to demonstrate choosing the correct relative pronoun based on whether it is the subject or object of the verb in the clause.
This document provides a summary of Spanish grammar topics in English, organized by sections. It covers verb tenses like the preterite, imperfect, and future, irregular verbs, uses of verbs like gustar, ser and estar, comparatives and superlatives, transition words, and uses of the words por and para in Spanish. The table of contents previews the various grammar points that will be explained in the sections of the document.
This document provides information about Spanish preterite verbs (past tense verbs ending in -AR, -ER, -IR). It explains that preterite verbs refer to completed past actions and that the verb endings indicate who performed the action. It gives the preterite endings for -AR verbs and provides examples of conjugating regular -AR, -ER, -IR verbs as well as irregular -CAR, -GAR, -ZAR verbs in the preterite tense. It also lists words that indicate the past and includes an exercise to practice using preterite verbs.
The document discusses the use of "be going to" to talk about future plans. It provides examples of affirmative statements using "be going to" followed by a base verb form. Negative statements are formed by placing "not" before "going to". Contractions can be used in informal speech. The pronunciation of "going to" is sometimes shortened to "gonna" in conversation. Two practice activities are included - one uses "be going to" to describe vacation plans, and the other has partners make affirmative and negative statements about their own future plans.
The document discusses the past simple tense in English. It provides examples of using regular and irregular verbs in the past simple affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms. It lists common regular and irregular verb patterns. Examples are given of completing sentences in the past simple tense.
Course 6-Unit 7: Regular and irregular verbs. spelling -Martin Caicedo
The document discusses the rules for forming the past tense of regular verbs in English. It explains that most regular verbs are formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb. It provides examples like "brush + ed = brushed." For verbs ending in "e," only the letter "d" is added. For single-syllable verbs ending in a consonant, the final consonant is doubled before adding "-ed." Verbs with two syllables and stress on the second, follow the same doubling rule. The document provides many examples to illustrate the patterns for forming the past tense of regular verbs in English.
The document provides information on English grammar structures including conditionals, modal verbs, and tenses. It defines conditional sentences types 0 and 1, and provides examples of each. It also defines the uses of modal verbs like can, could, may, might, must, need to, ought to, shall, should, will, and would. For each modal verb, it lists their different uses and provides examples to illustrate meaning. Finally, it provides exercises for learners to practice using these grammar structures in different contexts.
This document provides a grammar book summary of various Spanish grammar topics including:
- Preterite verb conjugations and types of verbs like snake and snakey verbs.
- Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns and how they agree with nouns.
- Ordinal numbers and how they agree with nouns.
- Uses of prepositions and locations.
- Future tense formations using ir + a + infinitive and regular future endings.
- Imperfect tense irregular verb conjugations.
- Possessive pronouns and adjectives agreeing with nouns.
- Reflexive verb conjugations with the subject and object being the same.
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that the simple past is used to talk about actions that were completed in the past. It provides examples of regular and irregular verbs in the simple past, such as "play/played" and "go/went". It also discusses how the auxiliary verb "do" changes to "did" in the past tense. The document provides examples of simple past sentences, negative sentences, and question forms to illustrate its usage.
The simple past tense is used to talk about actions that occurred at a specific time in the past. It is formed by adding "-ed" to regular verbs or using the irregular form of irregular verbs. The simple past tense can describe single events that happened at a specific time in the past or actions that occurred repeatedly or over a period of time in the past but are not ongoing. Examples include talking about exams that were taken last year, being married in 1992, living in South Africa for two years, and habitual actions like always going to the seaside on bank holidays during childhood.
This document provides examples and explanations of different English grammar concepts:
1. It explains the use of the present simple tense with future meaning in conditional clauses.
2. It discusses the use of the infinitive form of verbs and the constructions "be about to" and verbs plus infinitives.
3. It examines the use of the present perfect simple tense with time expressions like "just", "for" and "since".
4. The document also covers reported speech, the past tense of "there is/there are", the past continuous tense, and an introduction to the passive voice including examples of the present simple passive.
This document provides specifications for the 2011 Infiniti G Sedan. It includes details on the mechanical features, safety and security features, comfort and convenience features, pricing, packages, and individual options and accessories. The sedan is available with a 2.5-liter or 3.7-liter V6 engine and comes in rear-wheel drive or all-wheel drive configurations. It has various standard and optional technology, comfort, and performance features. Pricing ranges from $30,950 to $39,450 depending on the model and available packages. The document promotes the Total Ownership Experience provided by Infiniti dealers.
This document provides a list of features in Microsoft Office including PowerPoint 2007, animations, WordArt, tables, and shapes. These features allow users to create presentations with animated effects, artistic text, organized data, and graphical elements. The list highlights some of the core formatting and design tools available in Office programs.
El documento describe el contexto sociocultural y las características de los estudiantes de sexto grado en la Institución Educativa Técnica de Nazareth. Los estudiantes provienen de estratos socioeconómicos bajos y muestran diferentes ritmos de aprendizaje, algunos con problemas de atención y aprendizaje. El autor aplica el método deductivo y otros métodos para desarrollar actividades que involucren a los estudiantes. Realiza investigación-acción para mejorar los contenidos y métodos educativos. Aplica la
The document analyzes radar data from the SHRP2 program to study naturalistic driving behavior related to headway distance. The radar can capture objects within 200m ahead and 40m laterally. Data filtration is used to identify steady targets based on their location, duration of records, and headway gap changes. The results show that at low speeds under 70 km/h, headway distance increases nearly linearly with speed, while at higher speeds over 80 km/h the average headway flattens to around 40m. Three distinct driving styles - cautious, average, and aggressive - are identified based on differences in individual headway distances.
Empresa extractiva%2c de servicios y comercialMaye FlakiiZz
El documento presenta información sobre un hospital general. Menciona que un hospital general ofrece servicios médicos básicos en localidades urbanas y cuenta con proveedores como laboratorios, empresas de servicios y equipo médico. Atiende principalmente a personas afiliadas al IMSS y seguro popular. Entre sus competidores se encuentran hospitales privados y consultorios médicos. El gobierno apoya al hospital para brindar atención médica gratuita.
Dokumen memberikan langkah-langkah penggunaan desain templat pembelajaran ITC di Microsoft PowerPoint, yaitu dengan membuka PowerPoint, memilih format slide layout, dan memilih desain templat yang diinginkan.
Este documento discute a evolução da questão ambiental ao longo das décadas de 1960 e 1970. Apresenta os principais eventos que levaram ao crescimento da conscientização ambiental global, como o relatório "Limites do Crescimento" em 1972 e a primeira Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano em Estocolmo naquele mesmo ano. Também descreve os primeiros movimentos ambientalistas e a criação de agências como o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente.
This document provides tips for writing an effective biography in 3 sentences or less. It recommends developing an outline and keeping the biography short, using the third person, and selecting one or two key accomplishments to highlight with specifics. The tips suggest avoiding mistakes by editing multiple times and having others review it, and including basics like name, profession, education and experience while focusing on specific and achievable goals.
Los gatitos y cachorritos son animales tiernos y juguetones. Estos animales domésticos traen alegría a nuestras vidas y nos hacen reír con sus travesuras.
El diagrama de flujo describe los pasos para resolver un problema donde el mouse no funciona en una computadora, incluyendo desconectar y volver a conectar el mouse, reiniciar la computadora, verificar los puertos USB, e instalar controladores si es necesario.
El documento habla sobre los ordenadores zombies. Explica que son ordenadores infectados por malware que permiten a los ciberdelincuentes controlarlos remotamente para usarlos en actividades ilegales sin el conocimiento del usuario. Describe cómo se infectan los ordenadores y las medidas de protección como mantener actualizado el software y usar antivirus.
Our approach to segmentation recognises the uniqueness, dynamism and individuality of markets. This is because from our experience, global solutions and ‘one-size-fits-all’ brands have all too often produced less than actionable results for the highly diverse African market place.
The document discusses adding a wordart effect to text. It contains instructions for selecting text and applying a wordart style from the format tab to create a decorative text effect. The wordart tool allows formatting text in different shapes, fonts, colors and more to draw attention and style headings or titles in a document.
Este documento discute a densidade populacional urbana e seus fatores influentes. Ele analisa as relações entre o crescimento populacional mundial e variáveis ambientais, e discute vantagens e desvantagens de altas e baixas densidades populacionais urbanas. O documento conclui que o controle populacional e tecnologias renováveis são necessários para lidar com o uso insustentável de recursos naturais.
Este documento discute as barreiras urbanas, fronteiras e impermeabilidade na cidade. Ele explica que barreiras como muros, rios e estradas impedem a conectividade entre pessoas e limitam o uso do espaço urbano. O documento também descreve vários tipos de barreiras como físicas, de comunicação e atitudinais e sugere formas de tornar as cidades mais permeáveis e acessíveis a todos.
Agile Testing Alliance - CP-MAT program.(Certified Professional Master Agile Testing) is surest way to learn practical agile testing and is the 1st stepping stone for anyone trying to get into agile or DevOps Testing space
This document contains lessons on various topics related to youth culture and language learning. It discusses popular activities for young people in Mexico, how youth make friends and communicate using different media. It also covers vocabulary, grammar points like present simple, present progressive, past simple and irregular verbs. Quantifiers like some, any, no, many, much, a lot of/lots of, a little and a few are explained.
This document discusses the simple past tense in English. It begins by explaining that the simple past is used to talk about things that happened in the past. It then describes the different ways to form the past tense for regular and irregular verbs. For regular verbs, the simple past is formed by adding "-ed" to the base verb. There are some exceptions. Irregular verbs have unique past tense forms that must be memorized. The document provides examples of affirmative and negative sentences in the simple past and includes sample dialog for practice using this tense.
This document provides a comprehensive overview of verb tenses in English, including:
1. The simple present tense is used to talk about things in general that happen all the time or repeatedly.
2. The present continuous tense is used to talk about something happening at the time of speaking or a temporary action.
3. The simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions in a definite time in the past.
The document outlines the table of contents for a Spanish 4 grammar book, which covers topics such as verb tenses like the present, preterite, and imperfect, uses of ser and estar, stem-changing verbs, irregular verbs, object and possessive pronouns, and uses of the subjunctive mood.
The document provides an overview of key grammar concepts in Spanish, including:
1) Qué vs Cuál, Ser vs Estar, Gustar and other common verbs, transitions words, imperfect tense triggers and irregulars.
2) Formulas like Acabar de + infinitive, Hace expressions, and commands with pronouns.
3) Reflexive verbs, modal verbs, preterite tense conjugations and common time expressions used with the preterite.
The document provides an overview of key grammar concepts in Spanish, including:
1) Qué vs Cuál, Ser vs Estar, Gustar and other common verbs, transitions words, imperfect tense triggers and irregulars.
2) Formulas like Acabar de + infinitive, Hace expressions, and commands with pronouns.
3) Reflexive verbs, modal verbs, preterite tense conjugations and common time expressions used with the preterite.
This document provides an overview of Spanish grammar concepts including:
1. The present tense and how it is used to describe ongoing actions.
2. Stem-changing verbs and irregular verb conjugations in the present tense.
3. The differences between using ser and estar.
4. Additional irregular verb forms and conjugations in the preterite, imperfect, and other verb tenses.
5. Key terms, examples, and tables to illustrate Spanish verb usage and conjugations.
The document provides an overview of key grammar topics in Spanish, including:
1) The uses of "que" vs "cual"
2) The verbs "ser" and "estar"
3) Imperfect verb conjugations and triggers for using the imperfect tense
4) The verb "gustar" and how it is used
5) Transition words to connect sentences
6) Forming commands
The document provides an outline of Spanish grammar topics including nationalities, stem changing verbs, indirect object pronouns, object pronoun placement, gustar, superlatives, reflexives, affirmative and negative commands, sequencing events, preterit tense, trigger words, car/gar/zar verbs, deber + infinitive, modal verbs, present progressive, and adverbs. The outline covers 17 main grammar points and provides brief explanations and examples for each topic.
This document contains the table of contents and sections of a Spanish grammar guide created by Ana Cartwright for her Spanish 2 class. The guide covers topics such as nationalities, stem changing verbs, object pronouns, preterite tense, superlatives, and more. Each section provides explanations, examples, and conjugations of grammar points.
This document provides a table of contents and explanations of various Spanish grammar topics, including:
- The difference between "que" and "cual"
- How to use "ser" and "estar"
- The structure of sentences using verbs like "gustar"
- Common Spanish transition words
- Forms of imperfect verbs and how they are used
- Trigger words that indicate the imperfect tense
- The construction of "acabar de + infinitive"
- Formulas and expressions using "hacer"
- Characteristics of reflexive verbs and verbs like "gustar"
- Forming affirmative and negative tú commands
- Placement of the direct object pronoun and uses
The document provides an overview of Spanish grammar concepts including:
1) The preterite tense and how it is used to talk about completed past actions with examples of common irregular preterite verbs.
2) The imperfect tense and how it differs from the preterite in referring to ongoing or habitual past actions, along with irregular verbs in the imperfect.
3) Comparatives and superlatives in Spanish and how they are formed.
4) The future tense and how to conjugate regular verbs as well as irregular verbs like hacer and decir.
5) The difference between the uses of por and para in Spanish and examples of each.
This document is the table of contents for a Spanish 4 grammar book. It lists 14 chapters covering various topics of Spanish grammar, including the present tense, ser vs estar, gustar verbs, preterite and imperfect tenses, subjunctive mood, commands, object pronouns, and more. Each chapter title is listed along with the page numbers for that section.
This document discusses verb tenses and irregular verbs. It explains that verbs describe actions and can change form depending on when the action occurs, such as present, past, or future tense. Some verbs form their past tense by adding "ed", while others are irregular. The document provides examples of regular and irregular verb forms and patterns to help understand their spelling changes. It emphasizes the importance of learning standard English verb forms.
The document provides an overview of grammar concepts in Spanish including:
1. The preterite tense and how it is used to talk about completed past actions with examples of regular and irregular verb conjugations.
2. Imperfect tense and how it differs from preterite, using imperfect to describe ongoing or habitual past actions.
3. Comparatives and superlatives as well as future, por vs para, and other topics like ser vs estar and verbs like gustar.
The document provides an overview of grammar concepts in Spanish including:
1. The preterite tense and how it is used to talk about completed past actions with examples of common irregular preterite verbs.
2. The imperfect tense and how it differs from the preterite in referring to ongoing or habitual past actions through the use of trigger words.
3. Comparatives and superlatives in Spanish along with transition words.
4. The future tense including irregular verbs and how to identify it using future trigger words.
5. The difference between using "por" and "para" and examples of each.
This document provides information about verb tenses in English. It discusses the present simple, present continuous, future simple, past simple, and present perfect tenses. For each tense, it explains how to form it and gives examples of its use. The key points covered are:
- The present simple tense is used for habitual or repeated actions.
- The present continuous tense describes actions happening now.
- The future simple tense uses "will" to talk about future actions.
- The past simple tense usually takes "ed" but some verbs are irregular.
- The present perfect tense uses "have/has" plus the past participle to describe actions with relevance to the present.
This document provides information about verb tenses in English. It discusses the present simple, present continuous, future simple, past simple, and present perfect tenses. For each tense, it explains how to form it and gives examples of its use. The key points covered are:
- The present simple tense is used for habitual daily actions.
- The present continuous tense describes what is happening now.
- The future simple tense uses "will" to talk about future events.
- The past simple tense adds "ed" to regular verbs for past actions.
- The present perfect tense uses "have/has + past participle" for actions completed recently with present relevance.
The document contains a quiz with questions about comparative and superlative adjectives as well as reading comprehension questions about articles on a dog that was rescued after floating at sea for 3 weeks and reunited with its owner, robotic birds being used to scare fat pigeons away in Liverpool, and the story of Hachiko, Japan's most famous dog that waited loyaly at a train station for its owner who had passed away. The quiz is testing grammar concepts like comparative and superlative forms of adjectives as well as reading comprehension skills through multiple choice and short answer questions about details in the provided reading passages.
This document discusses countable and uncountable nouns. It defines nouns as names of people, places, things or ideas. Countable nouns can be counted and can be singular or plural, like "dog" or "dogs". Uncountable nouns are substances or concepts that cannot be counted, like "milk" or "information". It provides examples of countable nouns like "pen" and uncountable nouns like "electricity". It also discusses using "some" with uncountable and plural nouns in affirmative sentences and offers, and "any" in negative sentences and questions.
This document discusses different types of pronouns and their uses. It explains that subject pronouns are used as the subject of a verb, such as "I" or "he". Object pronouns are used as the object of a verb, like "me" or "her". Possessive pronouns show possession, for example "my" or "your". It also discusses how to show possession using 's and s' with singular and plural nouns. Finally, it covers modals like "can", "must", and "had to" and their uses for ability and obligation.
Presentation related to the use of the comparatives and superlatives. It also includes the order of the adjectives as well as the uses of too,enough,one and ones.
The document discusses suffixes, compounds, and vocabulary words. It explains that suffixes can be added to the end of words to form new words, and gives examples of -or and -er suffixes forming nouns referring to people from verbs. It also discusses compound words formed from some, any, no, and every followed by people, things, or places, providing examples. Finally, it provides notes on usage of these compounds and an activity having students discuss events in pictures.
Presentation related to the use of the definite and indefinite articles. It includes some rules related to the correct use of both, definite and indefinite articles as well as a brief summary of the use of it,on and at
This document discusses making polite requests and asking favors. It provides examples of verbs like can, could, may, will and would that are used to make requests. These verbs are followed by the base form of the main verb and do not form questions or negatives with do. Could and would are considered more polite than can and will. Examples of polite requests using these verbs are provided, as well as how to express obligation using have to.
This document provides information about ordinal numbers, months, seasons, and using the future tense "going to". It explains how ordinal numbers are formed by adding "-th" like fourth or eleventh, with some exceptions. It also covers writing and saying dates in British English, using future time expressions with "going to", and providing examples of affirmative, negative and question forms.
A lesson discusses writing short stories and provides vocabulary and questions for discussion. Students are instructed to choose a picture and write a 70-100 word story using adverbs like suddenly, luckily, or unfortunately. Example sentences are given to demonstrate how to incorporate these adverbs into a narrative. Students are asked to bring their short story to the next class.
Presentation related to the differences between can and could. also, the formation of sentences using could in affirmative, neagtive and questions. Finally, a brief explanation of the differences between adjectives and adverbs of manner.
Presentation related to the present simple tense, telling the time and adverbs of frequency.
Plus, it has some vocabulary related to the school subjects
The document outlines the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms of the auxiliary verbs "to have", "to do", and "to be" in English. It provides examples of using each auxiliary verb in the three forms, with examples including subjects like "I", "you", "he/she/it", and plural forms. The document serves as a reference for conjugating these common auxiliary verbs in English based on their subject.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
4. WHEN TO USE IT?
We use the present simple tense for:
• Permanent states
• Habits or actions that happend regularly
• For general truths
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
5. EXAMPLES
• Ben lives in London ( permanent states)
• We always have breakfast at eight (happens regularly)
• The Earth goes round the sun. (general truth)
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
14. WHEN TO USE IT?
We use the present simple tense for:
• Temporary states
• Action happening at the moment of speaking
• For future arrengements
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
15. EXAMPLES
• I´m taking driving lesson this month ( temporary states)
• Lucy is sleeping now (actions at the moment)
• For future arrengements (We´re flying to Acapulco tonight)
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
16. AFFIRMATIVE
subject V. Be conj verb
I am working
He/She/It is working
We/You/The
y
are working
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
21. PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
MAIN USE
• Permanent states
• Habits or regular actions
• General truths
MAIN USE
• Temporary states
• Actions happening at the moment
• Future arrengements
TIME EXPRESSIONS:
• Usually, always, often, every day, in the morning,
on Monday, once, twice, etc.
TIME EXPRESSIONS:
• Now, at the moment, today, these days, this week,
tonight, tomorrow, next week, etc.
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
23. THE FOLLOWING VERBS ARE NORMALLY NOT USED IN
PROGRESSIVE TENSES
VERBS OF EMOTION
Like, dislike, love, hate, want, need, prefer
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
VERBS OF SENSES
Feel, hear, smell, seem, appear
24. THE FOLLOWING VERBS ARE NORMALLY NOT USED IN
PROGRESSIVE TENSES
OTHER VERBS
Be, have, own, belong, cost
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
VERBS OF PERCEPTION AND OPINION
Know, mean, think, understand, remember, froget, imagine, hope, believe
26. WHEN TO USE IT?
We use the past simple tense for:
• Actions that started and were completed at a specific
time in the past
• Habitual or repeated actions in the past
• Completed actions that happened one after the other in
the past
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
27. EXAMPLES
• We bought a house five years ago (started//completed in the past)
• I always went to bead Early when I was 5 (habits in past)
• I made a sándwich, turned on the TV and watched the match
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
28. + VPS + COMPLEMENT
I went shopping yesterday.
30. REGULAR VERBS
For regular verbs, we only add
“ed” at the end of the verb.
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
Play Played
Talk Talked
Stay Stayed
Jump Jumped
31. EXCEPTIONS
1. Verbs ending in –e, only add a –d at the end
2. Verbs ending in a consonant + -y, add –ied
3. Verbs with one syllable ending in CVC form, double the last consonant.
4. Verbs with 2 or more syllables ending in the CVC form and with the last stressed syllable
5. Verbs ending in one vowel + -L, double the –L before the –ed
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
32. VERBS ENDING IN –E, ONLY ADD A –D AT THE END
Dance Danced
Agree Agreed
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
33. VERBS ENDING IN A CONSONANT + -Y, ADD –IED
Try- Tried
Carry - Carried
42. IRREGULAR VERBS
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
Irregular verbs are different from each
other, so, you need to learn one by one
the cases.
43. SOME EXAMPLES
HAVE HAD
GET GOT
BUY BOUGHT
MAKE MADE
COME CAME
EAT ATE
LEAVE LEFT
DO DID
GO WENT
SEE SAW
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
48. SPEAKING ACTIVITY
Talk about the things you did last weekend.
LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ
EXAMPLE
• Last weekend, I went with some friends to a
party, it was incredible. We drank some beer and
also we ate some tacos.
50. he / a book / buy
you / English and French/ teach
the dog / bark
they / us / call
we / a to a party/ go / yesterday
John / stamps / collect
we / in London / live
I / hungry / be
they / a hamster / have
he / to school / go
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
52. WHEN TO USE IT?
We use the past progressive tense for:
• Actions that were happening at a specific point of time
in the past
• Describe backgrounds scenes to a story
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
53. EXAMPLES
• I was watching TV at 7 o´clock yesterday evening.
• Jill was walking in the forest and it was raining.
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
57. PAST SIMPLE VS. PAST PROGRESSIVE
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
58. We use the past progressive and the past simple in the same sentence when
one action interrupted another in the past. We use the Past Progressive for
the longer action and the Past Simple for the shorter action. In this case, we
usually use while, when, as
As/While I was driving, I saw a cat in the Street.
I was sleeping when the telephone rang.
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
60. WE USE THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE …
For actions which happened in the past, but we don´t mention
when exactly
I´ve visited the National Museum, so I don´t want to go there again.
For actions that happened in the past and their results are obvious
in the present
Look! Herry has broken his leg!
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
61. HOW TO FORM THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE?
We form it with the following rule
Have/has + verb in past participle
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
62. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
SUBJECT HAVE/HAS VERB IN PP
I HAVE PLAYED
YOU HAVE PLAYED
HE HAS PLAYED
SHE HAS PLAYED
IT HAS PLAYED
WE HAVE PLAYED
YOU HAVE PLAYED
THEY HAVE PLAYED
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
63. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
SUBJECT HAVE/HAS NOT VERB IN PP
I HAVE NOT PLAYED
YOU HAVE NOT PLAYED
HE HAS NOT PLAYED
SHE HAS NOT PLAYED
IT HAS NOT PLAYED
WE HAVE NOT PLAYED
YOU HAVE NOT PLAYED
THEY HAVE NOT PLAYED
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
64. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
HAVE/HAS SUBJECT VERB IN PP ?
HAVE I PLAYED ?
HAVE YOU PLAYED ?
HAS HE PLAYED ?
HAS SHE PLAYED ?
HAS IT PLAYED ?
HAVE WE PLAYED ?
HAVE YOU PLAYED ?
HAVE THEY PLAYED ?
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
65. TIME EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
Always
Never
Ever
Before
Once
twice
® LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
74. My car is newer than yours.
My car is the newest of the whole parking
lot!
75. All one-syllable and most two-syllable
adjectives taker –er / -est
Short – shorter - shortest
One-syllable adjectives ending in –e take –
r/-st
Safe – Safer – safest
One-syllable adjectives ending in the CVC
form, double the last consonant before
adding –er/-est
Big – Bigger – Biggest
Adjectives ending in consonant + -y, drop
the y and taker –ier / -iest
Easy – Easier - Easiest
Adjectives with three or more syllables and
some two-syllables adjectives take
more+adj / most+adj
Dangerous – more dangerous – most
dangerous
77. IRREGULAR FORMS
POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Good Better The best
Bad Worse The worst
Far
Farther
Further
The farthest
The furthest
Many/Much More The most
78. SPEAKING
Discuss with your partners who do you think is the best/worst …
Singer
Actor/Actress
Musical Band
Movie
Book
TV serie
Mexican dish
79. EXERCISE
My house is (big) ________________ than yours.
This flower is (beautiful) ________________ than that one.
This is the (interesting) ________________ book I have ever read.
Non-smokers usually live (long) ________________ than smokers.
Which is the (dangerous) ________________ animal in the world?
A holiday by the sea is (good) ______________ than a holiday in the mountains.
It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) ________________ than a beer.
Who is the (rich) ________________ woman on earth?
The weather this summer is even (bad) ________________ than last summer.
He was the (clever) ________________ thief of all.
80. 1. Joe is ______________ than Ed. (short)
2. Al is the ______________ . (short)
3. Ed is the ______________. (thin)
4. Joe is ______________ than Al. (thin)
5. Al has the ______________ clothes. (colourful)
6. Al is ______________ than Joe. (heavy)
7. Ed is the ______________ . (light)
8. Joe is ______________ than Ed. (happy)
9. Ed is the ______________ . (mysterious)
10. Joe is ______________ than Ed. (energetic)
83. We use the passive voice to emphasise the
action rather than who or what is reponsible for
it
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
84. FORMATION
The passive voice is formed with the verb be in
the appropriate form and the past participle of
the main verb
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
95. EXERCISE
He opens the door. – The door is opened by him
We set the table. -
She pays a lot of money. -
I draw a picture. -
They wear blue shoes. -
They don't help you. -
He doesn't open the book. -
You do not write the letter. -
Does your mum pick you up? -
Does the police officer catch the thief? -
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO
96. EXERCISE
She sang a song. – A song was sung by her.
Somebody hit me. -
We stopped the bus. -
A thief stole my car. -
They didn't let him go. -
She didn't win the prize. -
They didn't make their beds. -
I did not tell them. -
Did you tell them? -
Did he send the letter? -
®LUIS ROBERTO ORTIZ GUERRERO