The stomach lies in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen and is a muscular, highly vascular organ that is the first part of the gastrointestinal tract. A gastric ulcer is a break in the normal tissue lining of the stomach and is a type of peptic ulcer. Risk factors for gastric ulcers include H. pylori infection, NSAID use, smoking, alcohol abuse and increasing age. The pathophysiology involves excess acid production in the stomach and decreased protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa.

1. Gastric Ulcer
FATIMA AL-AWADH

2. Introduction
• T H E S TO M AC H I S T H E F I R S T I N T R A -
A B D O M I N A L PA R T O F T H E
G A S T R O I N T E S T I N A L T R AC T.
• I T I S A M U S C U L A R , H I G H LY
VA S C U L A R B AG - S H A P E D O R G A N .
• T H E S TO M AC H L I E S I N T H E L E F T
UPPER QUADRANT OF THE
ABDOMEN.

3. Objectives
 Mention the anatomy and histology of the
stomach.
 Define and display the morphology of
gastric ulcer.
 Mention the risk factors & causes of
gastric ulcer.
 Explain the pathophysiology of gastric
ulcer.

4. Anatomy of the stomach

5. Histology of the stomach
Gastric pits
Mucosa
Gastric glands
Muscularis mucosa
Blood vessels Sub-mucosa
Oblique muscle layer
Circular muscle layer Muscularis
Longitudinal muscle layer
Connective tissue layer Serosa
Visceral peritunium

6. Ulcers
 An ulcer is a medical condition caused by a break in a
bodily membrane.
 Common forms of ulcers include:
Genital Mouth
Skin ulcer
ulcer ulcer
Peptic Venous Ulcerative
ulcer ulcer colitis

7. Gastric ulcer
 A break in the normal tissue that lines
the stomach.
 A type of peptic ulcers.

8. Morphology
Gastric peptic
ulcers are
predominantly
located near the
interface of the
body and antrum.

9. Statistics per 100,000 inhabitant
no data
less than 20
20-80
80-140
140-200
more than 200

10. Risk Factors
Non- Helicobacter Smoking Increasing Alcohol
steroidal (H) Pylori age abuse
anti- infection
inflammat-
ory drugs

11. Pathophysiology
NSAIDs; Cigarette
H. Pylori Corticosteroids Alcohol
Aspirin abuse smoking

12. Pathophysiology
Cl K
H Na
Cl Cl
Cl K
Na H Cl
Cl
Cl
H K Na
Cl Cl

13. The increasing acidity
Activation

14. Pathophysiology
Decrease
in
Epithelial Mucosa HCO3¯ Blood
transport secretion secretion flow

15. Pathophysiology

16. Pathophysiology

17. References
Clinically Ordinated Anatomy, 6th ed. Anatomy of the
Pg233,Figure2.37.B. stomach
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/68634/ Histology of the
Structures-of-the-human-stomach-The-stomach-has- stomach
three-layers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulcer Definition and types
of ulcer
http://ak47boyz90.wordpress.com/2010/09/02/l5- Morphology
patho-peptic-ulcer-disease/
http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/who_gets_p Risk factors
eptic_ulcers_000019_5.htm
http://www.histopathology-india.net/PepUlc.htm Pathophysiology