The document provides information on counseling services including definitions of counseling, the purposes and stages of the counseling process, types of counseling, and the steps involved in counseling. It defines counseling as a consultation between a student and staff to help students solve problems and make choices. The types of counseling discussed are directive, non-directive, and eclectic. Key aspects of the counseling process include establishing rapport, understanding the problem, interpreting information, developing a plan of action, and follow up.

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8. COUNSELING
SERVICES
Prepared by:
Eizaleen B. Fusingan
III – 26 BS Psychology

9. Counseling Services
Counseling is not…
Lecturing
Just
talking to a pupil
Just teaching
Into compulsion

10. Counselor/Counseling
Teacher/Teaching
• Done one-in-one that
seeks to assist the
student as a unique
individual.
• Concerned with
adjustment.
• Meets problems related
to social and emotional
adjustment.
• Techniques and training
are centered on the
psychological make-up
of the students.
• The subject matter of the
interview is unknown to
the counselor and
sometimes unknown to
the counselee.
• Done in groups that is based on
the assumption that students
are more alike than they really
are.
• Concerned with the intellectual
or academic areas.
• Encounters problems with
regards to students’ difficulty in
mastering the course content.
• Techniques and training are
focused upon the use of
effective methods in presenting
the subject matter.
• The subject matter outcomes
(or objectives) to be obtained
are known by the teacher.

11. Counseling Services
What is Counseling?
 Counseling
is a consultation, mutual
interchange of opinions; deliberating together.
(Webster’s Dictionary)
 Counseling
is an interview or conference
between a pupil and a member of the school
staff with whom he has a guidance
relationship, for the purpose of considering
some of his problems and a desirable course of
action. (Clarence Dunsmoor )

12. Counseling Services
 Counseling
is a means of helping people to
learn how to solve their own problems.
(Williamson)
 Counseling
is an attempt to aid the individual by
assisting him to a reorganization of attitudes,
feelings, and emotions, such that he can make
optional use of his abilities and physical
endowments. (Arthur Coombs )
 Counseling
is a structured relationship which
allows the client to gain an understanding of
himself to a degree which enables him to take
positive steps in the light of his new
orientation.(Carl Rogers)

13. Counseling Services
Purposes of Counseling
(Dunsmoor and Miller)
 Give
the pupil information on matters important
to his success.
 Get information about the pupil which will be of
help to him in solving his problems.

14. Counseling Services
Purposes of Counseling
(Dunsmoor and Miller)
 Establish
a feeling of mutual understanding
between pupil and teacher.
 Help the pupil work out a plan for solving his
difficulties.

15. Counseling Services
Purposes of Counseling
(Dunsmoor and Miller)
 Help
the pupil know himself better, his interests,
abilities, aptitudes, and available opportunities.
 Encourage special talents and develop right
attitudes

16. Counseling Services
Purposes of Counseling
(Dunsmoor and Miller)
 Inspire
successful
endeavour toward the
attainment or realization of objectives.
 Assist the pupil in planning for his educational and
vocational choices

17. Counseling Services
Stages of the Counseling Process
 Exploratory
stage
- The facts about the individual are brought out
 Interpretative
stage
- The counselor study clearly what those facts mean
 Adjustment
stage
- Translates insight into action

18. Counseling Services
Essentials of the Counseling
Process (Ruth Strang)
 Relationship
 Atmosphere
 Facilitation
of counselee’s efforts
 Attention to life’s adjustments
 Follow-up

19. Counseling Services
Steps in Counseling
1. Determining the problem.
2. Establish the proper conditions for the
counseling situation.
3. Selecting appropriate methods to be used in
counseling.

20. Counseling Services
Steps in Counseling
4. Facilitating the expression of feeling on the part
of the counselee.
5. Assisting in the clarification of the problem:
structuring the problem and the relationship.
6. Assembling the information systematically.
7. Interpreting the data.

21. Counseling Services
Steps in Counseling
8. Developing a course of action.
9. Making provision for further counseling.
10. Writing a summary report.
11. Conducting a follow-up program.

22. TYPES OF
COUNSELING

23. Counseling Services
Types of Counseling
1. Directive
or Clinical Counseling
- This type termed and described as the clinical
method by Williamson, consists of the process and one
treatment. He listed five steps for directive counseling, as
follows:
 Clinical
analysis
 Diagnosis
 Prognosis
 Counseling
 Follow-up

24. Counseling Services
Types of Counseling
2. Non-directive Counseling
- This method associated with
Rogers, Strang and Warters, is
completely
client-centered
and
places the responsibility on the client
for exploring his own problem, with
the emphasis on the individual and
not on the problem, and on his
potentialities. The counselor does not
give information.

25. Counseling Services
Process:
 The client asks for help and gives
his reason.
 The situation is defined and the
counselor defines the limits of his
responsibilities, encouraging the
counselee to tell all.
 The counselor displays a friendly,
interested, and receptive attitude.
 A negative attitude gradually gives
way to a positive one. The period
of release is followed by insight.
 Insight is converted into action.
 Relationship with counselor ends.

26. Counseling Services
Types of Counseling
3.
Eclectic Counseling
- Thorne’s orientation to the theory and
practice of personality counseling eclecticism says
that a counselor should be competent and
proficient in the use of all available methods.
Thorne’s eclectic process of counseling includes
five steps:

27. Counseling Services
 Diagnosis
of the cause or causes of
maladjustment
 Planning the modification of the cause or
causes.
 Securing conditions conducive to learning.
 Stimulating the client by implied motivation
to develop his own resources.
 Proper
handling
of
any
problems
subsequent to adjustment.

28. Counseling Services
Counselor is like a gardener
who prepares the soil and
does everything he can to
help each plant grow in its
own best way.

29. Counseling Services
REFERENCES
Books
 Baker, S. B. (1992). School Counseling for the
21st Century. New York.
 Decal-Mendoza, E. (2003). Guidance and
Counseling Today. Rex Book Store Inc.
 Gaudencio, A. V., & Alviar, C. C. (2004).
Principles of Guidance and Counseling: A
Modern Approach.
 Kapunan, R. R. (1974). Fundamentals of
Guidance and Counseling. Rex Book Store.

30. Counseling Services
Thank You For
Listening! 