The document provides an overview of value engineering, including its definition, purpose, and methodology. It defines value engineering as a systematic process that focuses on improving functions at the lowest cost while maintaining quality. The methodology involves 6 steps: information gathering, functional analysis, creativity, evaluation, development, and reporting. It also provides an example case study comparing the use of middle barrettes versus concrete bored piles for constructing a general cargo berth project at a port. Using piles was found to potentially reduce costs without compromising quality or functionality.
A Study Report on Value Analysis and Value Engineering (VAVE)Avijeet Suryavanshi
This Project Report presents the basic fundamental of value engineering that can be implemented in any product to optimize its value. A case study of L&T Technology Services is discussed in
which the material, design of components is changed according to the value engineering methodology. In the present case study, it is observed that the unnecessary increase in cost is due
to the use of expensive material, increase in variety of items and thereby increasing the inventory and so on. Therefore, selected some components and applied value engineering technique for the cost reduction of these components.
Value Engineering is an effective tool in identifying areas where cost reduction can be achieved.
In order to effectively do this, various approaches in specific areas of focus are discussed in this report.
A Study Report on Value Analysis and Value Engineering (VAVE)Avijeet Suryavanshi
This Project Report presents the basic fundamental of value engineering that can be implemented in any product to optimize its value. A case study of L&T Technology Services is discussed in
which the material, design of components is changed according to the value engineering methodology. In the present case study, it is observed that the unnecessary increase in cost is due
to the use of expensive material, increase in variety of items and thereby increasing the inventory and so on. Therefore, selected some components and applied value engineering technique for the cost reduction of these components.
Value Engineering is an effective tool in identifying areas where cost reduction can be achieved.
In order to effectively do this, various approaches in specific areas of focus are discussed in this report.
Value Analysis and Value Engineering -Function & Evaluation of FunctionJayaprakash Manickaraj
VAVE is a wide topic and i tried to go depth in understanding function and evaluating it. Most of the topic extracted from L.D Miles Book 'Techniques of value Analysis and Engineering
A Framework for Synergy, Collaboration, Exploration, Creativity, Discovery & Innovation. A Team activity to balance need, function & cost.
bsauter@workbench20.com
www.workbench20.com
VALUE ENGINEERING IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSE CONSTRUCTIONIAEME Publication
The current construction practices require a great effort to balance the factors such as money,time and quality. Comparing with other industries it seemed that construction industry remains the toughest one to deal with. It is proven that certain modern techniques can be easily adapted to the
project to balance the factors above said. Value engineering is an efficient tool among them for fostering the construction quality with an aim of low cost and high services. The value engineering study is carried out with analysis of basic functions of the project and based on that analysis unwanted elements in the project are scrutinized and eliminated.
Value Analysis and Value Engineering -Function & Evaluation of FunctionJayaprakash Manickaraj
VAVE is a wide topic and i tried to go depth in understanding function and evaluating it. Most of the topic extracted from L.D Miles Book 'Techniques of value Analysis and Engineering
A Framework for Synergy, Collaboration, Exploration, Creativity, Discovery & Innovation. A Team activity to balance need, function & cost.
bsauter@workbench20.com
www.workbench20.com
VALUE ENGINEERING IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSE CONSTRUCTIONIAEME Publication
The current construction practices require a great effort to balance the factors such as money,time and quality. Comparing with other industries it seemed that construction industry remains the toughest one to deal with. It is proven that certain modern techniques can be easily adapted to the
project to balance the factors above said. Value engineering is an efficient tool among them for fostering the construction quality with an aim of low cost and high services. The value engineering study is carried out with analysis of basic functions of the project and based on that analysis unwanted elements in the project are scrutinized and eliminated.
Qu'est-ce donc que l'Agilité déjà ?
Quelle est la différence avec Scrum ?
Je fais quoi avec mon Gantt ?
Est-ce que le Web est un bon candidat ?
Pourquoi est-ce que je vis autant de difficultés ?
Par où dois-je commencer ?
Cette introduction (ou ré-introduction) vise les vendus et les désabusés, les initiés et les nouveaux intéressés. C'est un rafraichissement sur l'agilité qui permettra de faire un petit pas en arrière et mieux préparer les prochains. Pour certains, ce sera un retour sur les fondements de l'agilité et pour d'autres ce sera la satisfaction d'une curiosité qui perdure. Avec plus de dix ans d'expérience, l'agilité a maturée mais pourquoi reste-t-elle difficile à maitriser ?
Martin Goyette
Martin est un professionnel en accompagnement qui sert et conseille le domaine des technologies de l'information depuis plus d'une dizaine d'années (télécommunications, transport, bancaire, syndicat, santé, assurances). À titre de président de la Communauté Agile de Montréal, Martin est fortement impliqué dans la promotion de sa passion et ses croyances. Martin est diplômé de l'ÉTS d’un baccalauréat en génie logiciel et d’une maîtrise en génie, technologies de l'information. Depuis 2008, il se consacre à Lean ainsi qu'à l'agilité et a obtenu plusieurs reconnaissances professionnelles venant certifier son expérience.
Application of Value Engineering in Construction Projectsnitinrane33
Value Engineering is a proven management
technique that can make valuable contributions to value
enhancement and cost reduction in construction industry.
Value Engineering is one of the most effective techniques
known to identify and eliminate unnecessary costs in product
design, testing, manufacturing, construction, operations,
maintenance, data, procedures and practices. The
methodology is composed of three main stages. The first stage
is the Pre-Study of the Value Engineering. The purpose of
this stage is to plan and organize the value study. Value
Engineering is the systematic application of recognized
techniques that identify the functions of the product or
service, creatively establish the worth of those functions, and
provide only the necessary functions to meet the required
performance at the lowest overall cost. Value Engineering
focuses on accomplishing the required functions at the lowest
overall cost. It helps in eliminating or minimizing wastage of
material, time, and unnecessary cost, which improves value to
the customer. The second stage is the Value Study which is
the core of Value Engineering study and it is composed of five
phases, the Information phase, Function Analysis Phase,
Creative Phase, Evaluation Phase and the Presentation phase.
All phases and steps perform sequentially. Such sequence of
the methodology is expected to assist in logical and systematic
flow of the process to achieve the targets of the VE study. The
third stage is the Post Study. The objective during post-study
activities is to assure the implementation of the approved
value study change recommendations. In this study, how the
principles of Value Engineering are applied in construction
projects is explained, and by taking case study on residential
building as the sample project, practices of Value
Engineering in this project are described.
Defining the business value proposition of EA and PPM
Eliminating project risks
Accelerating project execution
Managing project and architecture inter-dependencies
Delivering realized value
Improving collaboration of Architecture and PMO
This presentation covers in details Essentials of Project Management. Prepared by QBI Institute which is known for IT Business Analyst, Project Management Trainings.
Contact us on 91-9810055734 and director@qbi.in or at qbiworld@gmail.com
Agile management, or agile process management, or simply agile refers to an iterative, incremental method of managing the design and build activities of engineering, information technology and other business areas that aim to provide new product or service development in a highly flexible and interactive manner; an example is its application in Scrum, an original form of agile software development.
Application of Value Engineering in Commercial Building Projectsnitinrane33
The current construction industry conditions have entailed the use of rational method and techniques and
research and application of new techniques by utilizing advancements in technology in the field of production as well as in
every field. Value Engineering is a proven management technique that can make valuable contributions to value
enhancement and cost reduction in construction industry. Value Engineering is one of the most effective techniques
known to identify and eliminate unnecessary costs in product design, testing, manufacturing, construction, operations,
maintenance, data, procedures and practices. The methodology is composed of three main stages. The first stage is the
Pre-Study of the Value Engineering. The purpose of this stage is to plan and organize the value study. Value Engineering
is the systematic application of recognized techniques that identify the functions of the product or service, creatively
establish the worth of those functions, and provide only the necessary functions to meet the required performance at the
lowest overall cost. Value Engineering focuses on accomplishing the required functions at the lowest overall cost. It helps
in eliminating or minimizing wastage of material, time, and unnecessary cost, which improves value to the customer. The
second stage is the Value Study which is the core of Value Engineering study and it is composed of five phases, the
Information phase, Function Analysis Phase, Creative Phase, Evaluation Phase and the Presentation phase. All phases
and steps perform sequentially. Such sequence of the methodology is expected to assist in logical and systematic flow of
the process to achieve the targets of the VE study. The third stage is the Post Study. The objective during post-study
activities is to assure the implementation of the approved value study change recommendations. In this study, how the
principles of Value Engineering are applied in construction projects is explained, and by taking case study on commercial
building as the sample project, practices of Value Engineering in this project are described.
DCMA 14 Point Assessment by Karim Ragab.pdfKarim Ragab
𝐐𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐑𝐞𝐯𝐢𝐞𝐰 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐁𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞 #𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐥𝐞
A project management best practice called the #DCMA 14-point schedule assessment is based on fourteen metrics / Quality Checks that allow for both a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the schedule.
The 14 metrics are more like measurable criteria that should be examined frequently while planning, monitoring, and regulating the project schedule than being specified as essential rules or standards.
They are specifically meant to flag any issues with the project timeline and, ultimately, to make sure that the project is handled successfully.
𝐓𝐡𝐞 𝐒𝐜𝐡𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐥𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐐𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐜𝐤𝐬 𝐚𝐫𝐞 :
1. Missing #Logic
2. The #Lags Check
3. The #Leads Check
4. #Relationship Type Check
5. The Hard #Constraints Check
6. The #High Float Check
7. The #Negative Float Check
8. The High #Duration Check
9. The invalid #date check
10. The #Resources Check
11: The #Missed Tasks Check
12: The Critical Path #Check
13: The #Critical Path Index
14: The Baseline Execution #Index
Infection is caused by pathogens ('bugs') such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa or fungi getting into or onto the body.
It can take some time before the microbes multiply enough to trigger symptoms of illness, which means an infected person may unwittingly be spreading the disease during this incubation period.
Infection control in the workplace aims to prevent pathogens from coming into contact with a person in the first place.
Employers are obliged under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (2004) to provide a safe workplace for their employees, including the provision of adequate infection control procedures and the right equipment and training.
شهر رمضان وعادات الأكل الصحية:
لا تختلف عادات الأكل الصحية في شهر رمضان عن تلك التي نمارسها في أي شهر آخر. قبل أن نناقش النصائح المخصصة لشهر رمضان دعونا نراجع خمس عادات أكل صحية هامة.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
2. Brief
• A lot of talk recently occurred about value engineering, its applications, and the success of
the global and local levels that applied in.
• Value engineering is not specialized engineered - as is the case in science Computer
Engineering or Electrical Engineering or Civil, but is a method and a structured
methodology to solve problems, whether administrative or engineering, or
manufacturing.
• The approach value engineering of the most
important and most programs that have been
implemented.
• Now in much of the country technologically
advanced method has value engineering is a
scientific method thoughtful became with
effectively by a lot of companies and institutions
global engineering and local communities.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
3. Brief
• And their success is due to it easier for product decision-making and help them to get the
greatest return material at the same time achieving the goals and tasks required, taking
into account access to jobs desired by the product, such as Beauty and the environment,
safety and flexibility and other important factors that meet or exceed the expectations of
the product and the customer.
• Where this method in the development of performance and productivity on the idea of
combining to achieve targeted production, whether through the construction of projects
or the provision of goods and services, and achieve cost savings without compromising
quality and basic functionality expected by customers and producers.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
4. Contents
• Introduction
• What is Value Engineering?
• Why & When to Apply Value Engineering ?
• Six Steps VE Plan
• Case Study : Using Concrete Bored Piles instead of Middle Barrettes in
Construction of General cargo Berth Project at Port.
• References.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
6. Introduction
• Value Management concentrates on the actual needs of the user to focus its resources. It
is different to cost-cutting exercises, which achieve economies by using less or cheaper
materials.
• The Value Management approach
involves the use of creative
techniques, combined with the
latest technical information on
materials and construction
methods.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
7. Introduction
• Value, in its broadest sense, is the benefit to the client offered by a project. Value means
ensuring that the right choices are made about obtaining maximum benefit for the client
within time, cost and quality constraints.
• Value Management is a process that gives all stakeholders in a proposed development the
opportunity to be involved in the decision-making process. It constitutes an examination of
all relevant options for the design and construction of the project, leading to a refinement of
the design brief and identification of any budget constraints.
• Value Management is a structured, systematic and analytical methodology that seeks to
achieve the essential functions of a project at the lowest total cost, consistent with required
levels of performance and quality.
• The underlying assumption to Value Management is that there are always many ways to
achieve any function, and that an examination of alternatives may produce a better-value
solution.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
9. What is Value Engineering?
• Value Management originated in the United States emerging resulted from components and
materials shortage in the manufacturing sector during World War Two. Mr. Lawrence Miles
(The Founder of Value Management, then known as Value Analysis) of The General Electric
Company was greatly responsible for the establishment of the technique in 1942 and since
then the technique is very much accepted in various industries.
• Presently United States Government and many other nations such as United Kingdom,
Japan, Korea, Australia, Saudi Arabia amongst others adopt Value Management technique to
be applied for their Capital work projects.
• If, for example, the buyer wants to get more item value, he/she needs to either increase the
item's functionality at the same time he/she is containing cost; or he/she needs to reduce
cost while holding or improving its functionality. Either way, the result is more value for the
customer .
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
10. What is Value Engineering?
• Value Engineering (VE)
Is an intensive, interdisciplinary problem solving activity that focuses on improving the value of
the functions that are required to accomplish the goal, or objective of any product, process,
service, or organization.
• VALUE METHODOLOGY
“The systematic application of recognized techniques which identify the functions of the
product or service, establish the worth of those functions, and provide the necessary functions
to meet the required performance at the lowest overall cost.”
FUNCTION + Quality
VALUE = ـــــــــــــــــــ
Cost
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
11. What is Value Engineering?
Bone and Law (2000) identified ten mandatory characteristics of Value Management
practice:
1. It is visibly supported by senior management.
2. It generates a clear program of work.
3. It involves structured team-based workshops.
4. It employs a range of analytical tools.
5. It involves creative brainstorming.
6. It is led by a qualified value practitioner.
7. It follows a structured ‘Job Plan’.
8. It involves customers.
9. It involves suppliers.
10. It causes study terms to achieve sustained improvements.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
12. What is Value Engineering?
According to Dell I’sola, the relationship between Value, Function (Worth), Quality and
Cost can be symbolized as follows:-
FUNCTION + Quality
VALUE = ـــــــــــــــــــ
Cost
Where:
• Function = The specific worth that a design/item must perform
• Quality = The owner’s or user’s needs, desires, and expectations
• Cost = The life cycle cost of the product/project.
• Value = The most cost effective way to reliably accomplish a function that will meet the
user needs, desires and expectations.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
13. What is Value Engineering?
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
15. Why & When to Apply Value Engineering ?
o Value Engineering is used to determine the best design alternatives for Projects.
o Value Engineering is used to reduce cost on existing Projects.
o Value Engineering is used to improve quality, increase reliability and availability, and
customer satisfaction.
o Value Engineering is also used to improve organizational performance.
o Value Engineering is used to improve schedule
o Value Engineering is used to reduce risk
o Value Engineering is a powerful tool used to identify problems and develop recommended
solutions.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
16. • Value Management studies can take place at any stage in the development of a project.
However it is acknowledged that there is the potential for greater return on investment if it
is used at the very clear stages illustrated in figure 3 and 4 below.
• As such Value Management should be performed as early as possible even before the
commitment of funds, approval of systems or design as to maximize results.
Why & When to Apply Value Engineering ?
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
17. When to Apply Value Engineering ?
o The cost of making changes and remedial works will be greatly increased later in the
development stage.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
19. Six Steps VE Plan
• Clearly identify the problem(s) to be solved,
and gather information on the background,
functions and requirements of the project.
1- Information
Phase
• What must the project do?
• What are the functions ?
• and how are they related?
2- Functional
Analysis
• Brainstorm ideas on how to improve the
high cost, broken, or inadequately
performed key functions.
3- Creativity
Phase
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
20. Six Steps VE Plan
• Screen ideas for acceptance, score
remaining ideas on a scale and group ideas
into categories. Develop design scenarios,
and selection criteria. Rate and rank ideas.
4-Evaluation
Phase
• Plan how to sell ideas to management,
identify key recommendations, plan
management presentation.
5-Development
Phase
• Give oral presentation to management, or
develop written report.
6-Reporting
Phase
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
21. Six Steps VE Plan
1. Information Phase
What do you need to know about the problem that you don’t know now?
o What facts are known?
o What are the requirements of the system?
o Are these facts, opinions, assumptions, or
prejudices?
Where or how can information be obtained?
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
22. Six Steps VE Plan
2. Functional Phase
Functions -Describe what something does.
Functions -Use active verb and measurable noun.
FAST (Function Analysis System Technique) -A logic diagram to describe how a system
works.
o Examples:
Verb Noun
1) Plan Finishing Material
2) Magnify Living Room Area
3) Reduce Wall Thickness
4) Design Exposure
5) Minimize Defect
6) Design Finishing
Key Function :
Satisfy Tenant
SecondaryFunctions
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
23. 1) Design Unit Plan
2) Put Cavity Wall
3) Control Temperature
4) Minimize Exterior Surface
5) Execute Natural Ventilation
6) Maintain Cleanliness
7) Supply Air Conditioner
8) Keep View
9) Install Insulation
10) Control Humidity
Six Steps VE Plan
2. Functional Phase
Key Function :
Maintain Facility
SecondaryFunctions
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
24. Six Steps VE Plan
2. Functional Phase
Verb Noun
1) Supply Pipeline Space
2) Design Ventilation Space
3) Provide Elec. Pipe Space
4) Add Sewage Space
Key Function :
Install equipment
SecondaryFunctions
Verb Noun
1) Arrange Wall
2) Collect Opinion
3) Install Art
Key Function :
Design Interior
SecondaryFunctions
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
25. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Creativity is the art of bringing something new into existence.
It has the art of making, inventing, or producing something new and different.
“ You must blast before you can create. Blow apart the misconceptions, skeptics, and
naysayers. Blow-up the preconceived ideas and common theories of how things
should be done. Rather, focus on possibilities.”
J. R. Wixson -2004
“ Imagination is more important than knowledge, for
knowledge is limited, while imagination embraces the
entire world.”
Albert Einstein
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
26. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
“ When you always do what you have always done -you always get what you have
always gotten.”
Socrates
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
27. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
IDEAS Vs. Solutions
o A solution requires justification & validation, and idea needs no justification.
o A solution is an end point, an idea is just the beginning.
o A solution is solid and self supporting, an idea is tender and must be built upon.
DON’T KILL IDEAS WITH ROADBLOCKS !!
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
28. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Information for Skeptics
"... after a few more flashes in the pan, we shall hear very little more of Edison or his
electric lamp. Every claim he makes has been tested and proved impracticable.“
[New York Times, January 16, 1880]
"Heavier-than-air flying machines are impossible.“
[Lord Kelvin, president, Royal Society, 1895]
"Airplanes are interesting toys but of no military value.“
[Marechal Ferdinand Foch, Professor of Strategy, Ecole Superieure de Guerre]
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
29. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Information for Skeptics
"I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.“
[Thomas Watson, chairman IBM, 1943]
"There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home."
[Ken Olson, Chairman and founder Digital Equipment Corp., 1977]
"640K ought to be enough for anybody."
[Bill Gates, 1981]
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
30. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Counter Skepticism for Skeptics
“ Tilt-up Construction is an
innovative construction method
that will replace traditional
construction of low and mid rise
buildings in the Middle East
within few years.”
Fadi Elayache 2010
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
31. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Rules of Brainstorming
Generate a large number of ideas -quantity, not quality.
Free-wheeling is encouraged -Listen and improve on the ideas of others.
Don’t criticize -No evaluation of ideas.
Encourage everyone to participate.
Record all ideas presented.
Time to let ideas “incubate” should be allowed.
Select an appropriate meeting place.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
32. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
GO -NO GO
Scratch ideas that hold no interest.
CHAMPION
Who will speak for the ideas and support them?
GFI (Gut Feel Index)
Discuss pro/con and vote. GFI is team average.
Combine ideas; add new ideas.
Record all assumptions
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
33. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
1 = Acceptable
2 = Good
3 = Excellent
A- Performance Comparison
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
34. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
B- Cost Comparison Cost Saving of 4 million AED
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
35. Six Steps VE Plan
5. Development Phase
o What is recommended?
o Who has to approve it?
o What is the implementation plan?
o Are mockups or prototypes required to verify final decisions?
o What are the cost, schedule, and deliverables?
o What needs to be done?
o Who should be assigned the action?
o Assign a team member.
o Assign a completion date for the action.
o When should the task be completed ?
o Plan regular team status meetings.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
36. Six Steps VE Plan
6. Reporting Phase
Give oral presentation.
Support it with written executive brief.
Be clear, concise, and positive.
Anticipate roadblocks
Use good human relations.
Follow –up Activity
Recognize the participants.
Publicize the results.
Audit the performance of the implemented actions.
Close out the project.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
37. Value Engineering
Case Study
Using Concrete Bored Piles instead of Middle Barrettes
in Construction of General cargo Berth Project at Port.
38. Six Steps VE Plan
1. Information Phase
Project Overview
o Construction of General Cargo Berth (Quay Wall Construction), at Damietta Port .The
Main elements are:
o Construction of the main quay wall (diaphragm wall panels and Middle Barrette).
o Construction of the connection between main new quay wall and existing quays.
o Dredging in front of the quay wall, the dredging to be carried out in accordance with
profiles, levels slopes, tolerances shown in the drawings and specifications.
o Apron pavements.
o Supply and construction of the electrical room.
o Electrical Works: M Cables and Feeders, Distribution Boards, Lighting circuits outlets,
Lighting fixtures, Earthing System ...etc.
o Fire Fighting Works: Construct and supply valves box overall dimensions 800 x 2400mm
and accessories.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
39. Six Steps VE Plan
2. Functional Phase
Functions of the required structural element are to:
o be formed to depths of 30 m approx., through virtually different soil types and
through rock, and with great control over geometry and continuity.
o facilitate excavations below groundwater while eliminating dewatering.
o provide structural stiffness which reduces ground movements and adjacent
settlements during excavation.
o be load bearing transferring loads to the underlying layer be reinforced to allow
o incorporation of many structural configurations, accommodate connections to
structures.
o be easily adapted to both anchors and internal structural bracing systems.
Bear (Verb) Loads (Noun)
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
40. Six Steps VE Plan
3. Creativity Phase
Use Middle Barrette. or
Use Concrete Bored Piles.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
41. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
Criteria Barrette Piles
Formation through virtually different soil
types with control over geometry and
continuity.
3 3
Structural stiffness. 3 3
Load bearing : transferring loads to the
underlying layer
3 3
Incorporation of many structural
configurations, accommodate connections to
structures.
3 3
Adapted to anchors. 3 3
Total 15 15
1 = Acceptable
2 = Good
3 = Excellent
A- Performance Comparison
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
42. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
Differences between Barrette & Piles in this project
Barrette needed for this Project 88 VS 131 Piles.
Machine used for Barrette construction is Cutter PC 40
Machine used for Piles construction is Drilling rig BG 30
Barrette construction production rate is 1.5 Panel / Day (24 hr.)
Piles construction production rate is 6 Pile / Day (24 hr.)
Total working days needed for Barrette = 88 / 1.5 = 59 day
Total working days needed for Piles = 131 / 6 = 22 day
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
43. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
Differences between Barrette & Piles in this project
Barrette dimensions 1 x 1.5 x 30.40 m
Piles dimensions 1 x 34.5 m
Bentonite slurry used in both Barrette & Piles.
RFT rebar & concrete used in construction of both Barrette & Piles.
Guide walls are needed in construction Barrette only.
The construction Company (In this project) need a subcontractor for construction
of the Barrette but could construct the Piles by itself.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
44. Six Steps VE Plan
4. Evaluating Ideas
Criteria Barrette Piles
Bentonite slurry 3,617,280 550,000
RFT rebar 2,298,450 3,317,280
Concrete (QB=3830.75 m3 , QP= 3705.98 m3) 1,500,000 2,223,588
Guide walls 1,180,000 0
Manpower rates (DB=59 Day, DP= 22 Day) 1,180,225 440,000
Subcontractors 0 0
Pile Dynamic Load Test 343,377 97,000
X-logging Test 334 Ea. 3,617,280 0
Total 10,684,332 6,627,868
B- Cost Comparison
Cost Saving of 4 million EGP
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
45. Six Steps VE Plan
5. Development Phase
o It is recommended to replace the middle Barrette with concrete bored piles.
o Project, Technical, Financial ,project control managers need to approve this
alternative and submit the proposal to the owner and his consultant get their
approval .
o The schedule will reduce from 10,684,332 EGP to 6,627,868 EGP with reduction value
4,056,464 EGP with reduction percent 38 %
o The schedule will reduce from 59 day to 22 day with reduction percent 62.7 %
o Will need redesign of the Barrette to convert it to piles.
o Redesign phase should finish within 3 months.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
46. Six Steps VE Plan
6. Reporting Phase
A meeting will hold after Redesign phase finish and its agenda will include :
1) Oral presentation.
2) Written executive brief.
Follow –up Activity
Recognize the participants.
Publicize the results.
Audit the performance of the implemented actions.
Close out the project.
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab
48. References
• VALUE MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES, August 2005 (Department of Housing and Works
-Government of Western Australia)
• VALUE MANAGEMENT – THE WAY FORWARD Sr. Dr. Mohd Mazlan Che Mat, Institute
of Value Management Malaysia (IVMM)
• VALUE ANALYSIS, VALUE ENGINEERING, by Nick Rich, BSc MBA Matthias Holweg,
Dipl.- Wirtschaftsing.(FH) MSc Lean Enterprise Research Centre
Cardi f , U n i ted Kingdom
• Value Base Planning Using Value Engineering / Value Analysis / Value Management
By: Fred McAuley, Jr.
• VALUE ENGINEERING by Roger Knowles And Nigel Barr
Fundamentals of Value Engineering By Eng Karim Ragab