Composites are materials formed from two or more constituent materials that remain separate and distinct within a composite. Composites consist of a continuous matrix phase that surrounds and binds together a dispersed reinforcement phase. This gives composites properties that are superior to the individual components, such as high strength and stiffness. Composites can be classified based on the type of reinforcement, such as particle, structural, or fiber reinforcement composites which use particles, sheets, or fibers respectively to enhance the properties of the matrix material.
Materials can be grouped into classes based on their chemical composition and properties. The four main classes are metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Metals are combinations of metallic elements and alloys, and have properties of strength, ductility, and heat and electrical conductivity. Ceramics are inorganic materials processed at high temperatures and have properties of strength and corrosion resistance but are brittle. Polymers contain chemically bonded units and have properties of low density, strength and different optical properties. Composites contain two or more materials to produce new properties not found in the individual materials.
The document lists various materials - wood, metal, fabric, paper, and plastic. For each material, it lists examples of objects commonly made from that material, and asks the reader to identify which objects on the list are made of the given material. It then provides feedback on the reader's answers, stating whether they were correct or needed to try again.
Este documento presenta una introducción a los sistemas SCADA. Se divide en once unidades que cubren temas como los sistemas en tiempo real, comunicaciones SCADA, unidades terminales remotas y de control, sensores, software de operación, aplicaciones y nuevas tecnologías. Los objetivos del curso son familiarizar al estudiante con la nomenclatura, arquitectura, componentes y limitaciones de los sistemas SCADA.
The document discusses various engineering materials including metals, alloys, ceramics and polymers. It provides information on the structure, properties and applications of materials. Specific topics covered include solid solutions, phase diagrams, heat treatment processes and the effects of alloying elements on steel properties.
The document lists common objects and materials they are made of, including rings (gold), bottles (glass), tables (wood), walls (stone), bracelets (silver), hats (fur), houses (brick), sweaters (wool), bikes (metal), bags (plastic), jackets (leather), books (paper), boots (rubber). It then prompts to complete statements with the correct material, such as erasers (rubber), windows (glass), scarves (wool), schoolbags (plastic), newspapers (paper), bottles (glass), chairs (wood), schools (brick), walls (stone), coats (leather).
The document discusses engineering materials and their properties. It defines engineering materials as substances useful in engineering fields. Material selection considers properties like mechanical, physical and chemical properties, as well as cost, availability, durability and appearance. Mechanical properties discussed include strength, stiffness, elasticity, plasticity, ductility, malleability, toughness and hardness. Common types of strength are tensile, compressive and shear strengths.
This document discusses materials and their properties. It defines materials as physical substances used to make things and lists some main categories including metals, plastics, ceramics, glass and fibers. It then discusses properties of materials as descriptions of their characteristics like hardness, strength, flexibility. Examples are given of materials around us and properties are listed. Metals are highlighted as one main group of materials that are shiny, strong, good conductors and usually opaque, with examples like aluminum and copper.