The document presents an innovative guide for developing a fire extinguisher, detailing types of extinguishers, improvements in materials and design, and the chemistry behind their operation. It highlights the specific reactions involved, provides calculations for enthalpy and entropy, and discusses future prospects for the manufacturing and design of fire extinguishers. The conclusion emphasizes the project's objective of creating a cost-effective, easy-to-use extinguisher model while acknowledging the support from Thadomal Shahani Engineering College.

1. INNOVATIVE WAY TO
DEVELOP A FIRE EXTINGUSIHER
Project Guide - Dr. Anita Kumari
Authors- Saurabh Deshpande
Tanvay Shinde
Afreen Shaikh
College-Thadomal Shahani Engineering
College – Mumbai
B.E – Chemical Engineering

2. Introduction
 Fire and hazards
 Introduction to fire extinguisher

3. Types of fire and fire extinguisher used

4. Types of Fire extinguisher
 PORTABLE TYPE
 WATER TYPE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 DRY POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER
 DRY CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHER
 CARTRIDGE OPERATED DRY CHEMICAL

5. Two main type of fire extinguisher
1)Stored pressure 2)Cartridge operated
Source- safety108.blogspot.com

6. Innovation in fire extinguisher
 Fire Extinguisher improvements
 Materials improvement
 Chemicals Change
 Design change
What we did?

7. Basic working of Fire Ball
1)Fire Ball
2)FIRE
3)After fire scene

8. Fire ball extinguisher model

9. Implications of this method
 Human safety
 Easy to use
 No Technical Knowledge required
 Less space required.

10. Reaction Involved
 Sulphuric acid and sodium bicarbonate reaction
2NaHCO3 + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4+ 2CO2
+H2o
 Aluminium Sulphate and sodium bicarbonate
Al2(SO4)3 +6 NaHCO3 = 3 Na2SO4
+2Al(OH)3 + 6 CO2
 Acetic acid and Sodium carbonate
CH3COOH + Na2CO3 ----> 2 CH3COONa +
H2O + CO2

11. Calculations
For the Reaction of Sulphuric acid
and Sodium bicarbonate
2NaHCO3+H2SO4 = Na2SO4 +
2H2O
+ 2CO2
Weight of NaHCO3 taken 168gms
Volume of H2SO4 taken 53.26 cm3
Calculation-
*No of moles = weight/molecular
weight
Weight =moles× molecular
weight
=2×84
Weight =168 gms of NaHco3
*Volume of sulphuric acid
for the other two reactions.
No of moles = weight/molecular
weight
Mass = moles×molecular
weight
= 1×98
Mass =98gms
Density = 1.84 gm/cm3
Volume = mass/density
= 98/1.84
= 53.26 cm3
Total amount of reactants=
98+168= 266 gms

12. Calculations
Enthalpy Calculation
∆H(NaHCO3)= -947.68 Kj/mol
∆H(H2SO4)= 1295.23 Kj/mol
∆H(CO2)= -393.51 Kj/mol
∆H(H2O)= -241.82 Kj/mol
∆H(Na2SO4)= -1387.1 Kj/mol
∆H®=∆H(reactants)-∆H(products)
=(2(-393.51)+2(-241.82)+(-
1387.1))-(2(947.68)+1295.23)
= -2057.63 Kj/mol
∆H= -2057.63 Kj/mol
Entropy Calculation
∆S(NaHCO3)= 102
∆S(H2SO4)= 2392
∆S(CO2)= 219
∆S(H2O)= 69.95
∆S(Na2SO4)= 149.6
∆S®=∆S(reactans)-∆S(products)
=(2(219)+2(69.95)+149.64)-
(2(102)+157)
=366.54 j/mol k
∆S=366.54 j/mol k
In the similar manner calculations
were conducted for other two
reactions was conducted.

13. Comparison of the reactions
Reactant Products Amount of heat
released
Entropy Amount of
CO2
Acetic
acid,Sodium
bicarbonate
Carbon
dioxide,Water,Sodium
Acetate
1282.96 Kj/Mol -2509.9 J/MolK 264
gms
Sulphuric
acid,Sodium
bicarbonate
Carbon
dioxide,Water,Sodium
sulphate
-2057.63 Kj/Mol 366.54 J/MolK 88
gms
Aluminium
Sulphate,Sod
ium
bicarbonate
Aluminium
hydroxide,Carbon
dioxide,Sodium sulphate
67.72 Kj/Mol -1139.4 J/MolK 264
gms

14. Specifications
Amount of co2 produced- 264 gm
Materials –
poly vinyl chloride
poly vinyl ether
Reaction time – 3-4 secs

15. FUTURE PROSPECTS
 Manufacturing of Fire extinguisher
material
 Design of the Fire Extinguisher
 Improve Impact distance

16. CONCLUSION
 Our proposed method is an innovative
way to use an fire extinguisher.
 The Enthalpy Calculation was conducted
to find out suitable pressure which will be
determine the material of construction.
 In this method we are constantly studying
and finding better way to reduce the cost
of this method so that it can be
economically feasible.

17. Acknowledgment
 This project was supported by Thadomal
Shahani Engineering College,Chemical
Department,Mumbai.
 We would like to show grattitude to our
guide Dr.Anita Kumari mam,HOD Dr.
S.J.Purohit mam.

18. References
 "Staffordshire PastTrack -"Petrolex" half
gallon fire extinguisher". Retrieved2009-05-
25.
 Loran and the fire extinguisher at p-
lab.org (Russian)
 U.S. Patent 1,010,870,filed April 5,
1910.
 U.S. Patent 1,105,263,filed Jan 7, 1911.
 "Pyrene Fire Extinguishers".Vintage Fire
Extinguishers. Retrieved 23
December 2009.
 "The Fire Safety Advice Centre".
 "Disposal Of Halon - Envirowise".
 Wasserfilmbildendes Schaummittel -
Extensid AFFF PDF 071027
intersales.info
 "Handheld Fire Extinguishers".
Retrieved 2012-04-09.
 "CarbonTetrachloride Health and Safety
Guide". IPCS International Programme on
Chemical Safety. Retrieved 25
December 2009.
 McCarthy, Robert E (1992-06-18). Secrets
of Hollywood special effects - Google
Books. ISBN 978-0-240-80108-7.
Retrieved 2010-03-17.
 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads
/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/27
610/JSP_418_Leaflet07.pdf
 http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/fire/qa.
html#qB11
 "Halon Disposal". Ozone
Protection.Australian Government Departm
ent of the Environment and Heritage
(Australia). Retrieved 2006-12-12.
 http://www.extinguisheradvice.org.uk/ty
pes-of-fire-extinguisher.php