This document provides information on fire extinguishers, including: - There are different types of fires (A, B, C, D, K) that require different extinguishing agents. - The main parts of a fire extinguisher are the label, handle/lever, locking pin, pressure gauge, and discharge nozzle. - Fire extinguishers work by applying an agent that removes one of the elements (fuel, oxygen, or heat) needed for fire. When the handle is squeezed, gas forces the agent through the nozzle. - It's important to select the proper extinguisher type for the fire and remember the PASS technique when using an extinguisher in an emergency

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Types of fire
Types of fire extinguisher
Parts of fire extinguisher
How it works
How to use fire extinguisher
Rules for fighting fires
Precautions
Advantage and disadvantage
Refrence

3. INTRODUCTION
A fire extinguisher is an fire protection device
used to extinguish or control fires in emergency
situations.

4. There are three things mainly required for fire
●oxygen
●heat
●Fuel
By removing any of the above we can extinguish fire

5. TYPES OF FIRE
Different fuels create different fires and require different types of fire
extinguishing agents. They are as follows:
Class A
Class A fires are fires in ordinary combustibles such as wood,
paper, cloth, trash, and plastics.
Class B
Class B fires are fires in flammable liquids such as gasoline,
petroleum oil and paint. Class B fires also include flammable
gases such as propane and butane. Class B fires do not
include fires involving cooking oils and grease.

6. Types of fire
Class C
Class C fires are fires involving energized electical
equipment such as motors, transformers, and
appliances. Remove the power and the Class C fire
becomes one of the other classes of fire.
Class D
Class D fires are fires in combustible metals such
as potassium, sodium, aluminum, and magnesium.
Class K
Class K fires are fires in cooking oils and greases such
as animals fats and vegetable fats.

7. Types of fire extinguisher
Water and Foam
Water and Foam fire extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away
the heat element of the fire triangle. Foam agents also separate
the oxygen element from the other elements.
Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class
B or C fires. The discharge stream could spread the flammable liquid in a Class
B fire or could create a shock hazard on a Class C fire.
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide fire extinguishers extinguish fire by taking away
the oxygen element of the fire triangle and also be removing the heat with a
very cold discharge.
Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They are usually ineffective on
Class A fires.

8. Dry Chemical
Dry Chemical fire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting
the chemical reaction of the fire triangle.
Today's most widely used type of fire extinguisher is the multipurpose dry
chemical that is effective on Class A, B, and C fires. This agent also works by
creating a barrier between the oxygen element and the fuelelement on Class A
fires.
Wet Chemical
Wet Chemical is a new agent that extinguishes the fire by removing the heat of
the fire triangle and prevents re-ignition by creating a barrier between
the oxygen and fuel elements.
Some may also be used on Class A fires in commercial kitchens.
Clean Agent
Clean Agent extinguishers include the halon agents as well as the newer and less
ozone depleting halocarbon agents. They extinguish the fire by interrupting
the chemical reaction of the fire triangle.
Clean agent extinguishers are primarily for Class B & C fires. Some larger clean
agent extinguishers can be used on Class A, B, and C fires.

9. DIFFEENT TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

10. PARTS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Label
The label describes the type of extinguisher. Different types are
combustible, liquids, electrical and flammable metals.
Handle and operating level
The handle and lever are located at the top of the extinguisher.

11. Locking pin
The locking pin is a safety guard that should be
left in position until we are actually ready to use
your extinguisher.
Pressure gauge
The pressure gauge is located at the top. It
indicates whether the tank is full or empty.
Discharge Nozzle
The nozzle is also at the top and should be
pointed in the direction of the fire when using the
extinguisher.

12. HOW IT WORKS
Portable fire extinguishers apply an
extinguishing agent that will either cool
burning fuel, displace or remove oxygen,
or stop the chemical reaction so a fire
cannot continue to burn. When the handle
of an extinguisher is compressed, it opens
an inner canister of high-pressure gas that
forces the extinguishing agent from the
main cylinder through a siphon tube and
out the nozzle. A fire extinguisher works
much like a can of hair spray.

13. HOW TO USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Fire extinguisher is used By using PASS technique

18. LABELING THE EXTINGUISHER
Labeling the Extinguisher. All
portable fire extinguishers must be
approved by a nationally recognized
testing laboratory such as
Underwriters Laboratories and
Factory Mutual Research (FM) .
Equipment that passes the
laboratory's tests are labeled and
given an alphanumeric classification
based on the type and size of fire it
will extinguish.

19. For Example... 4-A:10-BC
The letters (A, B, and C) represent the types of
fires for which the extinguisher has been
approved.
The number in front of the rating indicates how
much water the extinguisher is equal to and
represents 1.25 gallons of water for every unit of
one. For example, a 4-A rated extinguisher would
be equal to five (4 x 1.25) gallons of water.
The number in front of the B rating represents
the area in square feet of a class B fire that a
non-expert user should be able to extinguish.
Using the above example, a non-expert user
should be able to put out a flammable liquid fire
that is as large as 10 square feet.

20. Remember the basic procedure:
•Raise the alarm and call 112.
• Move person(s){ patients ,relative of patients and staff } from
immediate danger where appropriate Usually through two sets of exit
doors .
• Close all doors and windows behind you . But don’t delay or put lives
at risk.
• If safe to do so, tackle the fire If you are trained and have the correct
extinguisher for the job .

21. ● Never use water to extinguish an electrical fire
● Never place anything in front of fire extinguisher.
● Fire extinguisher must be inspected regularly atleast once a month.
● Never allow others to enter even if they insist.
● Never enter the building, zone or department when the alarm is
ringing
PRECAUTIONS

22. ADVANTAGE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
● It is used to extinguish fire and protect our houses ,industries and offices
etc from burning
● It occupy very less space.
● The device is long lasting. Some disposable types have a shelf life of
twelve to fifteen years. You only have to see to it that you observe proper
maintenance. You can also refill other types.

23. DISADVANTAGE
● If not used by an expert it can have adverse effect or can increase the
fire like if we use water on electric fire ,instead of reducing fire will
increase.
An user must have a knowledge of what type of extinguisher should be
used for which type of fire.

24. REFERENCE
● WWW.GOOGLE .COM
●WIKIPEDIA.COM