The document discusses key aspects of cell biochemistry and structure. It summarizes that the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms, and is made up of a membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm and organelles. The main organelles, including the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes are described along with their specific functions in cellular processes like respiration, protein synthesis, packaging and secretion, and digestion. Cellular functions require energy generated through metabolic pathways that take place within these organellar compartments and the cytosol.