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Fieldbus Tutorial Part 4 - Installation of Fieldbus

The document covers the installation and operation of fieldbus systems, focusing on physical layer components, system design, power supply requirements, and intrinsic safety practices. It highlights the importance of adhering to installation procedures and standards, including cable type and length limitations, while addressing electromagnetic interference concerns. Additionally, it compares the conventional approach and the FISCO model for intrinsic safety, underscoring differences in power supply characteristics and operational capabilities.

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Installation of Fieldbus
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 2 Agenda  Foundation Physical Layer  Choosing Components and Layout  System Design  Field Checkout and Commissioning  Trouble Shooting a Fieldbus System
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 3 Fieldbus Technology HSE Bridge 16 16 H1 H1 H1 H1 H2 H1 H1 Devices Devices Devices Automation and Display Systems General Fieldbus Topology
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 4 Foundation Fieldbus was designed by the Process Industry for the Process Industry
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 5 Agressive environment
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 6 Typical installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 7 Instruments are spread over large areas
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 8 Hazardous Areas
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 9 Electromagnetic Interference Transients Radio Frequency Interference Electromagnetic Interference DCS I/O HART FF 4-20mA T/C Thermocouple Wired Direct Single-Input Transmitter (4-20mA) Single-Input Transmitter (HART) Multi-Input Transmitter (Fieldbus) 4-20 mA mV Capacitive Coupled Noise per IEC Standards (Light Industry) All Cables with Shielded, Twisted Pairs, Grounded at the DCS
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 10 Electromagnetic Interference °C Noise per IEC Stds (Light Industry) Time Fieldbus Transmitter HART Transmitter 4-20 mA Transmitter Thermocouple Wired Direct
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 11 Terminator Fieldbus Foundation Fieldbus Terminator Power Supply Power Filter Power Filter Junction Boxes Operator Interface Configurator Local Operator Interface 9~32 V IEC 1158-2 Standard
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 12 Number of devices per segment  Based on present device power consumption, Power conditioner current limitation and resistance of wires, experience demonstrates that up to 16 Devices per segment can be used.
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 13 Fieldbus Cable Types Cable Type and Description Size Length –Type A (New)Shielded, twisted-pair – H1: 31.25 Kbps #18 AWG 1900* m –Type B (Existing) Multi-twisted-pair, w/shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #22 AWG 1200* m –Type C Multi-twisted-pair, w/o shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #26 AWG 400* m –Type D Multi-core, w/o shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #16 AWG 200* m * Spurs count in overall length
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 14 Cable Length  Total cable length should be less than 1900 m (shielded, 18 AWG, Type B)  Connecting up to 12 devices in a powered bus, the Spur length limit should be: * 120 m with one device * 90 m with two devices * 60 m with three devices * 30 m with four devices  Length reduces with more devices in the network Standard is Conservative!
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 15 Installation Procedures  Fieldbus requires standard wiring practices
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 16 Fieldbus Segment Power Floating Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner 100 Ohms 10 mH Power Conditioner Fieldbus Ground Fieldbus Active filter, equivalent to: Ground
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 17 Polarity Insensitive Devices  Some suppliers provide Polarity Insensitive Fieldbus Devices Host Termination Panel Home Run Cable Junction Boxes Field Junction Boxes + - -Wiring crossover is NO PROBLEM! +  This enables fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 18 I (mA) Iq1 16 ~ 20 mA Current Consumption And Signal Shape
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 19 Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner T T Iq1 Iq2 Iq3 Iqn V1 V3V2 VPS Vn VPC Maximum Voltage : 32 V Minimum Voltage : 9 V Total Current = Iq1 + Iq2 + Iq3 + ……... Iqn Maximum current limited by the power conditioner. Example: 400 mA Voltage and Current
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 20 Short Circuit Protection Short Circuit Pre wired Junction Box
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 21 Power Supply Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF Termination and Twisted Pair Shielding May Be Polarity Sensitive Trunk Spur
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 22 H1 Card Pwr Cond w/ Term Lambda pwr sup LRS 55-24 Spur Block note 1 Spur Block GP1 Block Spur Block Spur Block GP2 Block Spur Block Spur Block Spur BlockSpur Block Spur BlockSpur Block FIT PIT PIT PIT PIT ROVROV PITPIT FIT ROVROVPIT PIT 370m 3m 9m 9m 9m 9m 3m 9m 9m GP1 GP2 Terminator Located at Far Ends of Main Segment Trunk
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 23 Communications under abnormal conditions T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Normal T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS ? One terminator missing T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Too many terminators T T
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 24 V=9-32 Volts, Floating Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner Ground 50 Ohms 5 mH +V/2 -V/2 Balanced Conductor Power Conditioning For Fieldbus Segments
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 25 Important rules  Shield should be grounded at a single point!  Do not ground signal wires  Observe terminator location
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 26 Shield should be grounded at a single point I
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 29 Example Power Supply – One per Segment
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 31 Fieldbus Supports Multiple Topologies T T T1 S1 S3 Sn PCPC S23 S22 S2 S21 T1 +S1 +S2 + S21 +S22 +S23 ….+ Sn<1900 m
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 32 Daisy-Chain Topology Good Practice Disconnecting a Single Device May Result in Loss of Downstream Devices Trunk
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 33 Branch Topology A Device May Be Disconnected Without Impacting Downstream Devices Trunk Spur
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 34 Tree Topology A Device May Be Disconnected Without Impacting Other Devices Trunk Spur
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 35 Example - Field Junction Box
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 36 Example - Field Junction Box
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 37 Standard is conservative  Total length of cable should be less than 1900 m (shielded, 18 AWG, Type B)  When connecting up to 12 devices in a powered bus, the Spur length limit should be: * 120 m with one device * 90 m with two devices * 60 m with three devices * 30 m with four devices.  More devices in the network reduce the lengths given above
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 38 Communications under abnormal conditions T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Long spurs (240 m) T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Long Trunk (4000 m)
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 39 Intrinsic Safety Installations k - depends on the power consumption of the devices, Entity parameters and barrier PS SB 1 Hazardous Area Safe area 1 2 k Control System T T Maximum cable length is determined by the Capacitance and Inductance allowed by the installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 40 Intrinsic Safety Installations k - depends on the power consumption of the devices, Entity parameters and barrier k+n < 16 Total cable length < 1900 m T T PCPS SB 1 Hazardous Area Safe area 1 2 k Control System 1 n Maximum cable length is determined by the Capacitance and Inductance allowed by the installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 41 Intrinsic Safety Installations T T PCPS SB 1 SB 2 SB n Hazardous Area Safe area 1.1 1.2 1.k k - depends on the power consumption of the devices and cable length n - depends on the barrier type and cable length TT Control System
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 42 Traditional Intrinsic Safety Installation (4-20 mA Analog / HART) I.S. Transmitter Vmax Imax Pmax Ci/Ceq Li/Leq CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Voc Isc Ca La Po = .25 x Voc x Isc Cable C/ft L/ft Hazardous Area Safe Area I.S. Barrier 1 Measurement per I.S. Barrier Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Ci + Ccable <= Ca Li + Lcable <= La
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 43 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model)  What does it Mean ? – Using an MTL Barrier as an Example – More current = Less Volts 85mA 9V Available bus current excluding voltage drop due to cable resistance 0 Voltage (V) 18 170 Current(mA) MTL5053 Load Line (105 )
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 44  So How Much Current do the devices need ? – 3051 • 17mA – 3244 • 17mA – Communication Current Required • 10mA Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model) X 2 X 2 78mA = 34mA = 34mA = 10mA
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 45 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model)  What does it Mean ? – Using an MTL I.S. Fieldbus Power Supply as an Example – More current = Less Volts 0 Voltage (V) 18 170 Current(mA) MTL5053 Load Line (105 ) 85 9V Bus Load Line Including 1900m of Cable (105 + 84 ) 47 Current available for field devices
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 46 (Source Resistance of the Barrier) + (Fieldbus Cable Loop Resistance) (Open Circuit Output Voltage of the Power Supply) - 9Volts The Entity Model - Cable Length and Quality  The Calculation. – Current available = MTL5053 = 105 Ohms MTL5053 = 18V Tx Minimum Lift off voltage The Main Issue 1900m = 84
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 47 Type Description Size Max Length A Shielded, Twisted Pair #18 AWG (.8 mm2 ) 1900 m (6232 ft.) B Multiple-Twisted-Pair with Shield #22 AWG (.32 mm2 ) 1200 m (3963 ft.) C Multi-Twisted-Pair Without Shield #26 AWG (.13 mm2 ) 400 m (1312 ft.) D Multi-core, w/o Twisted Pairs and Having Overall Shield #16 AWG (1.25 mm2 ) 200 m (656 ft.) “Typical” Length Restrictions With Existing Wire What types of Wire
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 48 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus Entity Model Point Failure Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Assumes that ALL the Electrical Characteristics Manifest themselves at the Cable Break
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 49 Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach Current 15V 110mA More Current Available
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 50  So How Much Current do the devices need ? – 3051 • 17mA – 3244 • 17mA – 8742C • 12mA – Communication Current Required • 10mA Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach X 3 X 2 X 1 107mA = 51mA = 34mA = 12mA = 10mA
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 51 FISCO - What types of Wire  Cable parameters – Loop resistance 15 to 150 ohms / km – Inductance per unit length 0.4 to 1mH / km – Capacitance per unit length 80 to 200nF  Length of cable – Trunk up to 1000 m – Spur up to 30m – Splice up to 1m
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 52 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus T1 T2 S1 S2 S3 S4 S6 S7 S 5 FISCO - Rules and Capacities S1+S2+S3+S4+S5+S6+S7 < 30m T1+T2 < 1000 M
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 53 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus FISCO - Point Failure Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Assumes that the Electrical Characteristics are Distributed around the Segment
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 54 Summary - What do they have in Common ?  Only one source of power applied to the fieldbus segment  Field devices designed to contribute no energy to the bus (whether transmitting or receiving)  Each device has small permitted effective internal inductance and capacitance (similar maximum values defined in both approaches)  Bus segment terminated at both ends (terminator is resistor-capacitor series combination)
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 55  Entity Model – Linear (resistively limited) power supply characteristic – Power supply approval defines max. system C and L values, and therefore bus cable limitations – Bus power defined as 1.2W max. at 60ºC, to simplify device approval – Current available for devices: 60mA on 1900m bus, 90mA on short bus (using Type 'A' cable) on IIC or IIB systems – Typically 4 (20mA) devices on IS bus segment - in any gas group  FISCO – Square or trapezoidal power supply characteristic – Power supply approved without max. C and L values, allowing bus length up to 1km with a variety of cable types – Higher power supplied to bus: up to 1.9W in IIC (Groups A & B) and 4.9W in IIB (Group C) systems. Each device must be approved compatible with this power. – Current available for devices: 110mA for IIC, greater for IIB systems – Typically 6 (20mA) devices on IS bus in IIC, 10 devices in IIB gas group Summary - What are the Differences ?
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 56 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model) I.S. Transmitter Vmax Imax Pmax Ci/Ceq Li/Leq CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Voc Isc Ca La Po = .25 x Voc x Isc Cable C/ft L/ft Hazardous Area Safe Area I.S. Barrier 24 Measurements per I.S. Barrier Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Ci + Ccable <= Ca Li + Lcable <= La
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 57 Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach I.S. Transmitter Vmax, Imax, Pmax FISCO CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Vo, Io, Po FISCO Cable C/ft, L/ft FISCO Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Hazardous Area Safe Area FISCO Barrier 32 Measurements per FISCO Barrier
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 58 SAFE AREA ZONE 0 Protection Method EExia IIb T4 ZONE 0 Protection Method EExia IIc 120 Metres Maximum 1900 Metres Maximum Hawke Intrinsically Safe Installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 59 Choose Components For Reliability  Physical Installation – Wiring, connectors, grounding, shielding – Short Circuit Protection  Power for Fieldbus – Redundant Power Conditioners – Isolated Power  Control System Interface – Redundant H1 Cards – Diagnostics, communication statistics  Devices Design and Functionality – Watchdog timer, Anti-jabber – Diagnostics and Mode Shedding – Failsafe mode – Backup Link Active Scheduling Capability
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 60 Installation 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Power Conditioner Terminators
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 61 Safer Installation 24 V DC Power Supply 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Power Conditioner
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 62 High Availability System Design
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 63 Installation Cost Reduced By Brick and T’s Power Conditioner Terminator
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 64 Quick connection Junction Boxes
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 65 GlandCapTerminator The Components
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 66 Terminator“T” Connector
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 67 Typical Installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 68 Typical Installation
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 69 IDENTIFY NUMBER & TYPE OF INSTRUMENTS FROM P&ID DETERMINE FUNCTION BLOCK COUNT LISTED FOR EACH TYPE OF INSTRUMENT DEVELOP INSTRUMENT GROUPINGS BASED ON BLOCK COUNT & SERVICE CONFIGURE INSTRUMENT GROUPINGS ON PLANS & SECTIONS ESTABLISH SPURS AND TERMINATORS & WIRING LAYOUT FOR SEGMENT PRODUCE SEGMENT DRAWING BASED ON COMMON COMPONENTS PUT THE ACTUAL DRAWING TOGETHER USING COMMON CLONED CAD BLOCKS RELATING TO PRE-ENGINEERED COMPONENTRY. SIX STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL DESIGN
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 70 A SEGMENT DRAWING CAN DOCUMENT AN ENTIRE SECTION OF PLANT Cloned CAD Blocks Cobbled Together Allow Segment Drawings To Be Assembled Quickly and Easily (BOTH LOOPS AND CONNECTION DRAWINGS REPLACED BY ONE SEGMENT DRAWING) Backbone ID Wire Ferrule Relates to Box Tag Backbone ID Box Tag Relates To Wire Ferrule Color Coding Eliminates Need For Individual Wire Tags Spur Block When Instruments Are Teed Off Backbone. Always Install Block Where Two Or More Instruments Are Located Together Systematic Tagging Links the Whole Instrumentation Complex Together
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 71 INSTRUMENT PANEL “FRONT END” POWER CONDITIONER TERMINATOR BLOCK SIGNAL TO PROCESS CONTROLLER FLOATING 24VDC UNGROUNDED POWER SUPPLY TO FIELD INSTRUMENT GROUND
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 72 “FRONT END” POWER CONDITIONERS
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 73 “FRONT END” FLOATING SEGMENT POWER SUPPLY
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 74 A FEW PRE-ENGINEERED ELEMENTS THAT RELATE TO THE PHYSICAL INSTALLATION SUPPORT THE SEGMENT DRAWING TYPICAL SPUR ITB SUPPORTING DRAWINGS
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 75 FIELD INSTALLATION MADE UP OF PRE-ASSSEMBLED ELEMENTS Prefabricated Components Allow For Minimal Documentation WE USED “MC-HL” FIELDBUS CABLE
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 76 FASTER ENGINEERING, FASTER DESIGN AND -- MUCH FASTER INSTALLATION
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 77 Automatic Address Assignment  Devices may be connected to the bus with the same permanent default address.  A configuration utility in the host assigns an unused valid address to each device.  This feature allows fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network!  No dip switches, no pre-configuration.
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 78 Checkout of Fieldbus Wiring
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 79 Required Equipment – Battery Powered Digital Volt-Ohm Meter – Battery Powered Scope – Signal Generator
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 80 Systematic Approach – Don’t Rush – Follow Procedures • Grounding Checks • Proper Voltages • Terminators Functioning
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 81 Verify Results – Don’t Rush! – Be Consistent • Terminology • Procedures • Troubleshooting • Initial Checkout • Training
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 82 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT Trunk 0.01 • Check isolation between shield and Fieldbus wires • Check isolation between Fieldbus wires • Lift shield from Ground and Check isolation between shield and Ground Volt/Ohm Meter
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 83 Cable Example Go No-Go
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 84 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT Trunk Spur •Check termination •Check capacitive coupling to ground Fieldbus checking tool 20 mA
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 85 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT May Be Polarity Sensitive Trunk Spur 1. Verify connections HMI
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 86 Fieldbus Segment Power Power Supply For Multiple Segments V=9-32 Volts Power Conditioner /Power Supply Ground Fieldbus Ground 0.01 Volt/Ohm Meter Fieldbus power, grounding installation and checkout may vary with the components selected.
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 87 Device Parameter Values, Links and Order of Execution Must be Loaded
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 88 Foundation Fieldbus Devices Support Deterministic Scheduling of Control and Communications TIC100.OUT FIC101.OUT /BCKCAL_OUT FCV101. BCKCAL_OUT TIC100.OUT Cyclic Com.Acyclic Com. TT FCV FT macro-cycle macro-cycle /BCKCAL_OUTFIC101.OUT FCV101. BCKCAL_OUT BUS Block Execution
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 89 MACROCYCLE MAY BE SET BASED ON CONTROL EXECUTION REQUIRMENT
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 90 Commissioning Fieldbus Devices - Automatic Address Assignment  Devices may be connected to the bus with the same default address.  A configuration utility in the host assigns an unused valid address to each device.  This feature allows fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network!  No dip switches, no pre-configuration.
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 91 As New Devices Are Attached, They may be Identified and Moved to Permanent Addresses
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 92 What Happens When Things Don’t Go Right?
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 93 COMMON REASON FOUND FOR COMMUNICATION ERRORS ON A NEW FIELDBUS INSTALLATION 1. Missing or defective terminator at far end of the main segment 2. Shield or conductor has ground reference in the field - causing ground loop. 3. Faulty or overloaded power conditioner and/or power supply 4. Loose wiring connections 5. Defective cable from manufacturer 6. Use of uncertified component or devices.
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 94 Troubleshooting made easy 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Terminators 19.7 V / * Number of instruments * Weakest signal * LAS signal * Voltage * Noise level * Peak Noise
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 95 Fieldbus Diagnostic can easily indicate a faulty installation!
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 96 DIAGNOSTIC SUPPORT AVAILABLE FOR FOUNDATION FIELDBUS BLOCKS Engineering Unit Value + STATUS attributes of input and output parameters Target and Actual attributes of Mode parameter BLOCK_ERR Parameter
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 97 Example BLOCK_ERR - PROVIDES INSIGHT INTO DEVICE HEALTH AND STATE of DEVICE CONFIGURATION BLOCK_ERR ATTRIBUTES Other Block Configuration Error Link Configuration Error Simulation Active Local Override Device Fault State Set Device Needs Maintenance Soon Input Failure/PV Bad Status Output Failure Memory Failure Lost Static Data Lost NV Data Readback Check Failed Device Needs Maintenance Now Power-up Out-of-Service
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 98 STATUS ATTRIBUTE OF INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS - INDICATES QUALITY OF VALUE Example STATUS ATTRIBUTE GOOD UNCERTAIN Non-specific Substitute/Manual entry Initial Value Sensor Conversion not Accurate Engineering Units Range Violation Sub-normal BAD Non-specific Configuration Error Not connected Device Failure Sensor Failure No Communication Out of Service LIMIT Not Limited Low Limited High Limited Constant +
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 99 “ACTUAL” ATTRIBUTE OF MODE - REFLECTS DOWNSTREAM CONDITION AND INPUT STATUS TARGET/ACTUAL CONDITION (Target/Actual NORMAL Match) ( ) / OS Device is OS Auto, Cas / Man PV BAD Rcas / Cas, Auto Host is Not Rout / Cas, Auto Communicating ( ) / Iman No Path to Process (Downstream) ( ) / LO Fault State Active (Output Block) Input Track Active (Control Block) Example
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 100 TRANSDUCER BLOCKS PROVIDE DEVICE SPECIFIC INFORMATION WHICH MAY BE HELPFUL
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 101 COMMUNICATION STATISTICS PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO THE INTEGRITY OF THE FIELDBUS SEGMENT
[File Name or Event] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 102 Summary  Observe trunk and spur lengths.  Locate the two terminators in the opposite far ends of the trunk.  Check installation according to standard wiring practices.  Limit the number of the devices on the segment according to power consumption and wire length.  Set Network Parameters based on the “slowest” device in both Primary and Backup Link Masters.  Calibrate in the Transducer Block and compensate off sets in the Analog Input Block.  For Macro cycles shorter than 250 ms, restrict the number of devices based on desired Operator Interface update.

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Fieldbus Tutorial Part 4 - Installation of Fieldbus

  • 1.
  • 2.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 2 Agenda  Foundation Physical Layer  Choosing Components and Layout  System Design  Field Checkout and Commissioning  Trouble Shooting a Fieldbus System
  • 3.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 3 Fieldbus Technology HSE Bridge 16 16 H1 H1 H1 H1 H2 H1 H1 Devices Devices Devices Automation and Display Systems General Fieldbus Topology
  • 4.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 4 Foundation Fieldbus was designed by the Process Industry for the Process Industry
  • 5.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 5 Agressive environment
  • 6.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 6 Typical installation
  • 7.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 7 Instruments are spread over large areas
  • 8.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 8 Hazardous Areas
  • 9.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 9 Electromagnetic Interference Transients Radio Frequency Interference Electromagnetic Interference DCS I/O HART FF 4-20mA T/C Thermocouple Wired Direct Single-Input Transmitter (4-20mA) Single-Input Transmitter (HART) Multi-Input Transmitter (Fieldbus) 4-20 mA mV Capacitive Coupled Noise per IEC Standards (Light Industry) All Cables with Shielded, Twisted Pairs, Grounded at the DCS
  • 10.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 10 Electromagnetic Interference °C Noise per IEC Stds (Light Industry) Time Fieldbus Transmitter HART Transmitter 4-20 mA Transmitter Thermocouple Wired Direct
  • 11.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 11 Terminator Fieldbus Foundation Fieldbus Terminator Power Supply Power Filter Power Filter Junction Boxes Operator Interface Configurator Local Operator Interface 9~32 V IEC 1158-2 Standard
  • 12.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 12 Number of devices per segment  Based on present device power consumption, Power conditioner current limitation and resistance of wires, experience demonstrates that up to 16 Devices per segment can be used.
  • 13.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 13 Fieldbus Cable Types Cable Type and Description Size Length –Type A (New)Shielded, twisted-pair – H1: 31.25 Kbps #18 AWG 1900* m –Type B (Existing) Multi-twisted-pair, w/shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #22 AWG 1200* m –Type C Multi-twisted-pair, w/o shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #26 AWG 400* m –Type D Multi-core, w/o shield – H1: 31.25 Kbps #16 AWG 200* m * Spurs count in overall length
  • 14.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 14 Cable Length  Total cable length should be less than 1900 m (shielded, 18 AWG, Type B)  Connecting up to 12 devices in a powered bus, the Spur length limit should be: * 120 m with one device * 90 m with two devices * 60 m with three devices * 30 m with four devices  Length reduces with more devices in the network Standard is Conservative!
  • 15.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 15 Installation Procedures  Fieldbus requires standard wiring practices
  • 16.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 16 Fieldbus Segment Power Floating Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner 100 Ohms 10 mH Power Conditioner Fieldbus Ground Fieldbus Active filter, equivalent to: Ground
  • 17.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 17 Polarity Insensitive Devices  Some suppliers provide Polarity Insensitive Fieldbus Devices Host Termination Panel Home Run Cable Junction Boxes Field Junction Boxes + - -Wiring crossover is NO PROBLEM! +  This enables fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network
  • 18.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 18 I (mA) Iq1 16 ~ 20 mA Current Consumption And Signal Shape
  • 19.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 19 Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner T T Iq1 Iq2 Iq3 Iqn V1 V3V2 VPS Vn VPC Maximum Voltage : 32 V Minimum Voltage : 9 V Total Current = Iq1 + Iq2 + Iq3 + ……... Iqn Maximum current limited by the power conditioner. Example: 400 mA Voltage and Current
  • 20.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 20 Short Circuit Protection Short Circuit Pre wired Junction Box
  • 21.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 21 Power Supply Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF Termination and Twisted Pair Shielding May Be Polarity Sensitive Trunk Spur
  • 22.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 22 H1 Card Pwr Cond w/ Term Lambda pwr sup LRS 55-24 Spur Block note 1 Spur Block GP1 Block Spur Block Spur Block GP2 Block Spur Block Spur Block Spur BlockSpur Block Spur BlockSpur Block FIT PIT PIT PIT PIT ROVROV PITPIT FIT ROVROVPIT PIT 370m 3m 9m 9m 9m 9m 3m 9m 9m GP1 GP2 Terminator Located at Far Ends of Main Segment Trunk
  • 23.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 23 Communications under abnormal conditions T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Normal T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS ? One terminator missing T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Too many terminators T T
  • 24.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 24 V=9-32 Volts, Floating Power Supply For Multiple Segments Power Conditioner Ground 50 Ohms 5 mH +V/2 -V/2 Balanced Conductor Power Conditioning For Fieldbus Segments
  • 25.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 25 Important rules  Shield should be grounded at a single point!  Do not ground signal wires  Observe terminator location
  • 26.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 26 Shield should be grounded at a single point I
  • 27.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 29 Example Power Supply – One per Segment
  • 28.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 31 Fieldbus Supports Multiple Topologies T T T1 S1 S3 Sn PCPC S23 S22 S2 S21 T1 +S1 +S2 + S21 +S22 +S23 ….+ Sn<1900 m
  • 29.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 32 Daisy-Chain Topology Good Practice Disconnecting a Single Device May Result in Loss of Downstream Devices Trunk
  • 30.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 33 Branch Topology A Device May Be Disconnected Without Impacting Downstream Devices Trunk Spur
  • 31.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 34 Tree Topology A Device May Be Disconnected Without Impacting Other Devices Trunk Spur
  • 32.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 35 Example - Field Junction Box
  • 33.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 36 Example - Field Junction Box
  • 34.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 37 Standard is conservative  Total length of cable should be less than 1900 m (shielded, 18 AWG, Type B)  When connecting up to 12 devices in a powered bus, the Spur length limit should be: * 120 m with one device * 90 m with two devices * 60 m with three devices * 30 m with four devices.  More devices in the network reduce the lengths given above
  • 35.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 38 Communications under abnormal conditions T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Long spurs (240 m) T T T1 S1 S2 S3 Sn PFPS Long Trunk (4000 m)
  • 36.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 39 Intrinsic Safety Installations k - depends on the power consumption of the devices, Entity parameters and barrier PS SB 1 Hazardous Area Safe area 1 2 k Control System T T Maximum cable length is determined by the Capacitance and Inductance allowed by the installation
  • 37.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 40 Intrinsic Safety Installations k - depends on the power consumption of the devices, Entity parameters and barrier k+n < 16 Total cable length < 1900 m T T PCPS SB 1 Hazardous Area Safe area 1 2 k Control System 1 n Maximum cable length is determined by the Capacitance and Inductance allowed by the installation
  • 38.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 41 Intrinsic Safety Installations T T PCPS SB 1 SB 2 SB n Hazardous Area Safe area 1.1 1.2 1.k k - depends on the power consumption of the devices and cable length n - depends on the barrier type and cable length TT Control System
  • 39.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 42 Traditional Intrinsic Safety Installation (4-20 mA Analog / HART) I.S. Transmitter Vmax Imax Pmax Ci/Ceq Li/Leq CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Voc Isc Ca La Po = .25 x Voc x Isc Cable C/ft L/ft Hazardous Area Safe Area I.S. Barrier 1 Measurement per I.S. Barrier Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Ci + Ccable <= Ca Li + Lcable <= La
  • 40.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 43 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model)  What does it Mean ? – Using an MTL Barrier as an Example – More current = Less Volts 85mA 9V Available bus current excluding voltage drop due to cable resistance 0 Voltage (V) 18 170 Current(mA) MTL5053 Load Line (105 )
  • 41.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 44  So How Much Current do the devices need ? – 3051 • 17mA – 3244 • 17mA – Communication Current Required • 10mA Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model) X 2 X 2 78mA = 34mA = 34mA = 10mA
  • 42.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 45 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model)  What does it Mean ? – Using an MTL I.S. Fieldbus Power Supply as an Example – More current = Less Volts 0 Voltage (V) 18 170 Current(mA) MTL5053 Load Line (105 ) 85 9V Bus Load Line Including 1900m of Cable (105 + 84 ) 47 Current available for field devices
  • 43.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 46 (Source Resistance of the Barrier) + (Fieldbus Cable Loop Resistance) (Open Circuit Output Voltage of the Power Supply) - 9Volts The Entity Model - Cable Length and Quality  The Calculation. – Current available = MTL5053 = 105 Ohms MTL5053 = 18V Tx Minimum Lift off voltage The Main Issue 1900m = 84
  • 44.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 47 Type Description Size Max Length A Shielded, Twisted Pair #18 AWG (.8 mm2 ) 1900 m (6232 ft.) B Multiple-Twisted-Pair with Shield #22 AWG (.32 mm2 ) 1200 m (3963 ft.) C Multi-Twisted-Pair Without Shield #26 AWG (.13 mm2 ) 400 m (1312 ft.) D Multi-core, w/o Twisted Pairs and Having Overall Shield #16 AWG (1.25 mm2 ) 200 m (656 ft.) “Typical” Length Restrictions With Existing Wire What types of Wire
  • 45.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 48 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus Entity Model Point Failure Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Assumes that ALL the Electrical Characteristics Manifest themselves at the Cable Break
  • 46.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 49 Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach Current 15V 110mA More Current Available
  • 47.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 50  So How Much Current do the devices need ? – 3051 • 17mA – 3244 • 17mA – 8742C • 12mA – Communication Current Required • 10mA Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach X 3 X 2 X 1 107mA = 51mA = 34mA = 12mA = 10mA
  • 48.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 51 FISCO - What types of Wire  Cable parameters – Loop resistance 15 to 150 ohms / km – Inductance per unit length 0.4 to 1mH / km – Capacitance per unit length 80 to 200nF  Length of cable – Trunk up to 1000 m – Spur up to 30m – Splice up to 1m
  • 49.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 52 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus T1 T2 S1 S2 S3 S4 S6 S7 S 5 FISCO - Rules and Capacities S1+S2+S3+S4+S5+S6+S7 < 30m T1+T2 < 1000 M
  • 50.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 53 Junction Box H1 Fieldbus FISCO - Point Failure Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Break In The Cable Assumes that the Electrical Characteristics are Distributed around the Segment
  • 51.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 54 Summary - What do they have in Common ?  Only one source of power applied to the fieldbus segment  Field devices designed to contribute no energy to the bus (whether transmitting or receiving)  Each device has small permitted effective internal inductance and capacitance (similar maximum values defined in both approaches)  Bus segment terminated at both ends (terminator is resistor-capacitor series combination)
  • 52.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 55  Entity Model – Linear (resistively limited) power supply characteristic – Power supply approval defines max. system C and L values, and therefore bus cable limitations – Bus power defined as 1.2W max. at 60ºC, to simplify device approval – Current available for devices: 60mA on 1900m bus, 90mA on short bus (using Type 'A' cable) on IIC or IIB systems – Typically 4 (20mA) devices on IS bus segment - in any gas group  FISCO – Square or trapezoidal power supply characteristic – Power supply approved without max. C and L values, allowing bus length up to 1km with a variety of cable types – Higher power supplied to bus: up to 1.9W in IIC (Groups A & B) and 4.9W in IIB (Group C) systems. Each device must be approved compatible with this power. – Current available for devices: 110mA for IIC, greater for IIB systems – Typically 6 (20mA) devices on IS bus in IIC, 10 devices in IIB gas group Summary - What are the Differences ?
  • 53.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 56 Intrinsic Safety - Conventional Approach (Entity Model) I.S. Transmitter Vmax Imax Pmax Ci/Ceq Li/Leq CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Voc Isc Ca La Po = .25 x Voc x Isc Cable C/ft L/ft Hazardous Area Safe Area I.S. Barrier 24 Measurements per I.S. Barrier Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Ci + Ccable <= Ca Li + Lcable <= La
  • 54.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 57 Intrinsic Safety - FISCO Approach I.S. Transmitter Vmax, Imax, Pmax FISCO CONTROL ROOM EQUIPMENT Vo, Io, Po FISCO Cable C/ft, L/ft FISCO Safety Assessment: Vmax >= Voc Imax >= Isc Pmax >= Po Hazardous Area Safe Area FISCO Barrier 32 Measurements per FISCO Barrier
  • 55.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 58 SAFE AREA ZONE 0 Protection Method EExia IIb T4 ZONE 0 Protection Method EExia IIc 120 Metres Maximum 1900 Metres Maximum Hawke Intrinsically Safe Installation
  • 56.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 59 Choose Components For Reliability  Physical Installation – Wiring, connectors, grounding, shielding – Short Circuit Protection  Power for Fieldbus – Redundant Power Conditioners – Isolated Power  Control System Interface – Redundant H1 Cards – Diagnostics, communication statistics  Devices Design and Functionality – Watchdog timer, Anti-jabber – Diagnostics and Mode Shedding – Failsafe mode – Backup Link Active Scheduling Capability
  • 57.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 60 Installation 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Power Conditioner Terminators
  • 58.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 61 Safer Installation 24 V DC Power Supply 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Power Conditioner
  • 59.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 62 High Availability System Design
  • 60.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 63 Installation Cost Reduced By Brick and T’s Power Conditioner Terminator
  • 61.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 64 Quick connection Junction Boxes
  • 62.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 65 GlandCapTerminator The Components
  • 63.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 66 Terminator“T” Connector
  • 64.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 67 Typical Installation
  • 65.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 68 Typical Installation
  • 66.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 69 IDENTIFY NUMBER & TYPE OF INSTRUMENTS FROM P&ID DETERMINE FUNCTION BLOCK COUNT LISTED FOR EACH TYPE OF INSTRUMENT DEVELOP INSTRUMENT GROUPINGS BASED ON BLOCK COUNT & SERVICE CONFIGURE INSTRUMENT GROUPINGS ON PLANS & SECTIONS ESTABLISH SPURS AND TERMINATORS & WIRING LAYOUT FOR SEGMENT PRODUCE SEGMENT DRAWING BASED ON COMMON COMPONENTS PUT THE ACTUAL DRAWING TOGETHER USING COMMON CLONED CAD BLOCKS RELATING TO PRE-ENGINEERED COMPONENTRY. SIX STEPS TO A SUCCESSFUL DESIGN
  • 67.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 70 A SEGMENT DRAWING CAN DOCUMENT AN ENTIRE SECTION OF PLANT Cloned CAD Blocks Cobbled Together Allow Segment Drawings To Be Assembled Quickly and Easily (BOTH LOOPS AND CONNECTION DRAWINGS REPLACED BY ONE SEGMENT DRAWING) Backbone ID Wire Ferrule Relates to Box Tag Backbone ID Box Tag Relates To Wire Ferrule Color Coding Eliminates Need For Individual Wire Tags Spur Block When Instruments Are Teed Off Backbone. Always Install Block Where Two Or More Instruments Are Located Together Systematic Tagging Links the Whole Instrumentation Complex Together
  • 68.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 71 INSTRUMENT PANEL “FRONT END” POWER CONDITIONER TERMINATOR BLOCK SIGNAL TO PROCESS CONTROLLER FLOATING 24VDC UNGROUNDED POWER SUPPLY TO FIELD INSTRUMENT GROUND
  • 69.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 72 “FRONT END” POWER CONDITIONERS
  • 70.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 73 “FRONT END” FLOATING SEGMENT POWER SUPPLY
  • 71.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 74 A FEW PRE-ENGINEERED ELEMENTS THAT RELATE TO THE PHYSICAL INSTALLATION SUPPORT THE SEGMENT DRAWING TYPICAL SPUR ITB SUPPORTING DRAWINGS
  • 72.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 75 FIELD INSTALLATION MADE UP OF PRE-ASSSEMBLED ELEMENTS Prefabricated Components Allow For Minimal Documentation WE USED “MC-HL” FIELDBUS CABLE
  • 73.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 76 FASTER ENGINEERING, FASTER DESIGN AND -- MUCH FASTER INSTALLATION
  • 74.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 77 Automatic Address Assignment  Devices may be connected to the bus with the same permanent default address.  A configuration utility in the host assigns an unused valid address to each device.  This feature allows fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network!  No dip switches, no pre-configuration.
  • 75.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 78 Checkout of Fieldbus Wiring
  • 76.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 79 Required Equipment – Battery Powered Digital Volt-Ohm Meter – Battery Powered Scope – Signal Generator
  • 77.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 80 Systematic Approach – Don’t Rush – Follow Procedures • Grounding Checks • Proper Voltages • Terminators Functioning
  • 78.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 81 Verify Results – Don’t Rush! – Be Consistent • Terminology • Procedures • Troubleshooting • Initial Checkout • Training
  • 79.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 82 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT Trunk 0.01 • Check isolation between shield and Fieldbus wires • Check isolation between Fieldbus wires • Lift shield from Ground and Check isolation between shield and Ground Volt/Ohm Meter
  • 80.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 83 Cable Example Go No-Go
  • 81.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 84 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT Trunk Spur •Check termination •Check capacitive coupling to ground Fieldbus checking tool 20 mA
  • 82.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 85 Terminator Terminator 100 Ohms 1uF FIELDBUS WIRING CHECKOUT BEFORE CONNECTING POWER TO THE SEGMENT May Be Polarity Sensitive Trunk Spur 1. Verify connections HMI
  • 83.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 86 Fieldbus Segment Power Power Supply For Multiple Segments V=9-32 Volts Power Conditioner /Power Supply Ground Fieldbus Ground 0.01 Volt/Ohm Meter Fieldbus power, grounding installation and checkout may vary with the components selected.
  • 84.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 87 Device Parameter Values, Links and Order of Execution Must be Loaded
  • 85.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 88 Foundation Fieldbus Devices Support Deterministic Scheduling of Control and Communications TIC100.OUT FIC101.OUT /BCKCAL_OUT FCV101. BCKCAL_OUT TIC100.OUT Cyclic Com.Acyclic Com. TT FCV FT macro-cycle macro-cycle /BCKCAL_OUTFIC101.OUT FCV101. BCKCAL_OUT BUS Block Execution
  • 86.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 89 MACROCYCLE MAY BE SET BASED ON CONTROL EXECUTION REQUIRMENT
  • 87.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 90 Commissioning Fieldbus Devices - Automatic Address Assignment  Devices may be connected to the bus with the same default address.  A configuration utility in the host assigns an unused valid address to each device.  This feature allows fast and safe commissioning of the Fieldbus Network!  No dip switches, no pre-configuration.
  • 88.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 91 As New Devices Are Attached, They may be Identified and Moved to Permanent Addresses
  • 89.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 92 What Happens When Things Don’t Go Right?
  • 90.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 93 COMMON REASON FOUND FOR COMMUNICATION ERRORS ON A NEW FIELDBUS INSTALLATION 1. Missing or defective terminator at far end of the main segment 2. Shield or conductor has ground reference in the field - causing ground loop. 3. Faulty or overloaded power conditioner and/or power supply 4. Loose wiring connections 5. Defective cable from manufacturer 6. Use of uncertified component or devices.
  • 91.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 94 Troubleshooting made easy 24 V DC Power Supply Power Conditioner Terminators 19.7 V / * Number of instruments * Weakest signal * LAS signal * Voltage * Noise level * Peak Noise
  • 92.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 95 Fieldbus Diagnostic can easily indicate a faulty installation!
  • 93.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 96 DIAGNOSTIC SUPPORT AVAILABLE FOR FOUNDATION FIELDBUS BLOCKS Engineering Unit Value + STATUS attributes of input and output parameters Target and Actual attributes of Mode parameter BLOCK_ERR Parameter
  • 94.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 97 Example BLOCK_ERR - PROVIDES INSIGHT INTO DEVICE HEALTH AND STATE of DEVICE CONFIGURATION BLOCK_ERR ATTRIBUTES Other Block Configuration Error Link Configuration Error Simulation Active Local Override Device Fault State Set Device Needs Maintenance Soon Input Failure/PV Bad Status Output Failure Memory Failure Lost Static Data Lost NV Data Readback Check Failed Device Needs Maintenance Now Power-up Out-of-Service
  • 95.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 98 STATUS ATTRIBUTE OF INPUT AND OUTPUT PARAMETERS - INDICATES QUALITY OF VALUE Example STATUS ATTRIBUTE GOOD UNCERTAIN Non-specific Substitute/Manual entry Initial Value Sensor Conversion not Accurate Engineering Units Range Violation Sub-normal BAD Non-specific Configuration Error Not connected Device Failure Sensor Failure No Communication Out of Service LIMIT Not Limited Low Limited High Limited Constant +
  • 96.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 99 “ACTUAL” ATTRIBUTE OF MODE - REFLECTS DOWNSTREAM CONDITION AND INPUT STATUS TARGET/ACTUAL CONDITION (Target/Actual NORMAL Match) ( ) / OS Device is OS Auto, Cas / Man PV BAD Rcas / Cas, Auto Host is Not Rout / Cas, Auto Communicating ( ) / Iman No Path to Process (Downstream) ( ) / LO Fault State Active (Output Block) Input Track Active (Control Block) Example
  • 97.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 100 TRANSDUCER BLOCKS PROVIDE DEVICE SPECIFIC INFORMATION WHICH MAY BE HELPFUL
  • 98.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 101 COMMUNICATION STATISTICS PROVIDE INSIGHT INTO THE INTEGRITY OF THE FIELDBUS SEGMENT
  • 99.
    [File Name orEvent] Emerson Confidential 27-Jun-01, Slide 102 Summary  Observe trunk and spur lengths.  Locate the two terminators in the opposite far ends of the trunk.  Check installation according to standard wiring practices.  Limit the number of the devices on the segment according to power consumption and wire length.  Set Network Parameters based on the “slowest” device in both Primary and Backup Link Masters.  Calibrate in the Transducer Block and compensate off sets in the Analog Input Block.  For Macro cycles shorter than 250 ms, restrict the number of devices based on desired Operator Interface update.