This document discusses various visualization techniques for spatial and temporal data. It begins by describing different types of maps that can be used to visualize spatial data, such as dot maps, line diagrams, land use maps, isoline maps, and chloropleth maps. It then discusses techniques for visualizing flow data over time and space, including pixel maps, arc maps, flow maps, and edge bundling. Finally, it provides examples of how to make visualizations time-dependent to represent serial data. In general, the document covers a wide range of visualization techniques for spatial, temporal, and serial data across multiple domains.
Continuing Our Look At Primary And Secondary Dataguest2137aa
The document discusses different types of maps and data presentation methods used in geography, including their purposes, characteristics, and limitations. Scatter plots show relationships between two data sets, with the dependent variable on the x-axis. Line graphs show changes over time with all points connected. Maps are important geographical tools that can locate study areas, show spatial patterns, and compare changes over time. Different map types include choropleth, dot, topological, isoline, and sketch maps. Selecting the appropriate map scale and being aware of maps' limitations, like being snapshots in time, are important considerations.
This document describes how to create hypsometric curves in GRASS GIS by analyzing digital elevation models. It involves filling pits in the DEM, running a hydrological flow algorithm to delineate watersheds, creating binary rasters for elevation ranges, and using statistics tools to calculate upslope area for each range, producing normalized hypsometric curves that can be compared across basins. The process results in hypsometric curves representing the distribution of elevation and relief for each drainage basin.
Sinuosity is often approximated at the reach scale, as a back-of-the-envelope calculation to aid in describing morphology of fluvial channels. Here, I present a preliminary workflow for calculating continuous, pixel-by-pixel sinuosity along a rasterized stream channel in GRASS GIS.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
Standard A-A' topographic profiles are widely used in the geosciences to construct cross sections and investigate surficial processes. However, simple line profiles fail to capture the wider topographic regime. Here, I present a workflow to calculate a swath profile in GRASS GIS. The basic premise is, a swath profile "looks off to the side" along each step in a standard profile line, and calculates min/mean/max elevation, hence producing a statistically-relevant 2-d approximation of topography.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
Surface Representations using GIS AND Topographical MappingNAXA-Developers
This document provides an overview of topographical mapping using GIS. It discusses different surface representations in ArcGIS including TIN, raster, and terrain surfaces. It compares these surfaces and describes how to analyze slopes, aspects, hillshades, and curvatures. The document outlines how to create topographical maps through contouring and defines characteristics of contours. It concludes with an assignment on preparing a topo map.
Introduction to geomorphology in GRASS GIS - by Skyler SorsbySkyler Sorsby
GRASS GIS comprises a powerful geographic tool with which to analyze topography and tectonics. Specifically, GIS aids investigation of elevation data and fluvial hydrology. Here is my personal introduction to the creation and manipulation of the data from DEM's in GRASS GIS.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
This document summarizes spatial analysis conducted on artifact distribution from an archaeological excavation site in the Czech Republic called Na Včelách. Three different interpolation methods - Inverse Distance Weighting, Kriging, and Spline - were used to map artifact elevations. Histograms of artifact depths and a trend analysis in 3D helped validate the interpolation maps. A Triangulated Irregular Network visualization in ArcScene further aided interpretation by allowing observation of artifact clusters from different perspectives. The analyses provide preliminary insights into how the site was occupied during the Great Moravian period, though the primary function remains unknown.
This document discusses an assignment for a group project on using the software Surfer. It provides outlines on introducing Surfer, how to use it, and applications of Surfer such as creating contour maps, 3D surface maps, wireframe maps, vector maps, base maps, and map overlays. It also lists fields that use Surfer like hydrology, geology, archaeology, and surveying.
Continuing Our Look At Primary And Secondary Dataguest2137aa
The document discusses different types of maps and data presentation methods used in geography, including their purposes, characteristics, and limitations. Scatter plots show relationships between two data sets, with the dependent variable on the x-axis. Line graphs show changes over time with all points connected. Maps are important geographical tools that can locate study areas, show spatial patterns, and compare changes over time. Different map types include choropleth, dot, topological, isoline, and sketch maps. Selecting the appropriate map scale and being aware of maps' limitations, like being snapshots in time, are important considerations.
This document describes how to create hypsometric curves in GRASS GIS by analyzing digital elevation models. It involves filling pits in the DEM, running a hydrological flow algorithm to delineate watersheds, creating binary rasters for elevation ranges, and using statistics tools to calculate upslope area for each range, producing normalized hypsometric curves that can be compared across basins. The process results in hypsometric curves representing the distribution of elevation and relief for each drainage basin.
Sinuosity is often approximated at the reach scale, as a back-of-the-envelope calculation to aid in describing morphology of fluvial channels. Here, I present a preliminary workflow for calculating continuous, pixel-by-pixel sinuosity along a rasterized stream channel in GRASS GIS.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
Standard A-A' topographic profiles are widely used in the geosciences to construct cross sections and investigate surficial processes. However, simple line profiles fail to capture the wider topographic regime. Here, I present a workflow to calculate a swath profile in GRASS GIS. The basic premise is, a swath profile "looks off to the side" along each step in a standard profile line, and calculates min/mean/max elevation, hence producing a statistically-relevant 2-d approximation of topography.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
Surface Representations using GIS AND Topographical MappingNAXA-Developers
This document provides an overview of topographical mapping using GIS. It discusses different surface representations in ArcGIS including TIN, raster, and terrain surfaces. It compares these surfaces and describes how to analyze slopes, aspects, hillshades, and curvatures. The document outlines how to create topographical maps through contouring and defines characteristics of contours. It concludes with an assignment on preparing a topo map.
Introduction to geomorphology in GRASS GIS - by Skyler SorsbySkyler Sorsby
GRASS GIS comprises a powerful geographic tool with which to analyze topography and tectonics. Specifically, GIS aids investigation of elevation data and fluvial hydrology. Here is my personal introduction to the creation and manipulation of the data from DEM's in GRASS GIS.
You can find more gis-based geomorphology workflows at my website: https://sites.google.com/site/sorsbysj/
- Skyler Sorsby
This document summarizes spatial analysis conducted on artifact distribution from an archaeological excavation site in the Czech Republic called Na Včelách. Three different interpolation methods - Inverse Distance Weighting, Kriging, and Spline - were used to map artifact elevations. Histograms of artifact depths and a trend analysis in 3D helped validate the interpolation maps. A Triangulated Irregular Network visualization in ArcScene further aided interpretation by allowing observation of artifact clusters from different perspectives. The analyses provide preliminary insights into how the site was occupied during the Great Moravian period, though the primary function remains unknown.
This document discusses an assignment for a group project on using the software Surfer. It provides outlines on introducing Surfer, how to use it, and applications of Surfer such as creating contour maps, 3D surface maps, wireframe maps, vector maps, base maps, and map overlays. It also lists fields that use Surfer like hydrology, geology, archaeology, and surveying.
Data Visualization GIS and Maps, The Visualization Process Visualization Strategies: Present or explore? The cartographic toolbox: What kind of data do I have?, How can I map my data? How to map?: How to map qualitative data, How to map quantitative data, How to map the terrain elevation, How to map time series Map Cosmetics, Map Dissemination
This document discusses temporal data and time in databases. It explains that temporal databases model states of the real world across time by associating times when facts are valid. Facts can have valid times or transaction times. Bi-temporal relations store both valid and transaction times. The document also discusses SQL specifications for time, temporal query languages, and challenges with temporal functional dependencies.
DTM/DEM generation involves creating digital models of terrain elevation from various data sources. A DTM provides height values referenced to positions and can include other terrain features, while a DEM only provides regular elevation values. Photogrammetry and remote sensing are common methods to acquire elevation data and generate DTMs/DEMs. The data often needs editing and filtering to remove errors and refine the models. Raster and TIN representations are common formats, with rasters using a grid and TINs using irregular triangles. Accuracy depends on factors like the data source and grid size for rasters. DSMs include above-ground features and require processing to derive bare earth DTMs below the features.
Presentació realitzada a l'ICC (27/09/2013) en el marc de la conferència magistral, a càrrec del Prof. Georg Gartner, president de l'Associació Cartogràfica Internacional (ICA/ACI)
A Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a digital file that provides a detailed 3D representation of the topography of the Earth's surface. It consists of terrain elevations at regularly spaced intervals that can be used to create 3D visualizations and analyze slope, aspect, height, and other topographical features. DTMs with draped aerial imagery can help with planning, engineering, and environmental impact assessments by providing accurate 3D models of land surfaces. They are used across a variety of industries and applications.
This document discusses different methods for representing digital terrain, including grids, TINs, quadtrees, and multi-resolution models. Grid DEMs represent terrain as a regular grid of elevation postings. TINs use an irregular network of triangles to connect elevation postings. Quadtrees adapt resolution based on terrain complexity. Multi-resolution models provide multiple levels of detail for large terrain datasets. Each method has advantages like storage efficiency or terrain adaptation and disadvantages like processing costs or irregularity. The best method depends on the application and dataset characteristics.
This document describes two new user interface techniques for directly manipulating isosurfaces and cutting planes in virtual reality environments for scientific visualization. It proposes a widget for interactive isosurface generation that uses a time-critical algorithm to locally generate the isosurface around a probe in real-time as it is manipulated. It also proposes a widget for manipulating isosurfaces that allows dragging a handle perpendicular to the surface to change its value without significantly changing the center of interest.
This document provides an overview of 3D modelling techniques related to UVW mapping and texture projection. It discusses key UVW mapping concepts like UV coordinates, mapping types (planar, cylindrical, etc.), and UV unwrapping. Useful tools for UVW mapping mentioned include specialized software like RizomUV, Modo and ZBrush, as they can complete the UVW mapping process faster and more accurately than general 3D software like 3DS Max and Maya.
This document discusses digital elevation models (DEMs), including how they are generated from remote sensing data like satellite imagery and LiDAR, their typical accuracies, and common uses. DEMs can be created from aerial or satellite stereo images, radar interferometry, or terrestrial land surveying. They are used to produce topographic maps and orthophotos, model flooding, perform visibility analysis, and create 3D terrain representations. The quality and resolution of DEMs varies depending on the source data and techniques used.
Spatial analysis and Analysis Tools ( GIS )designQube
This document discusses various analysis tools for working with geographic data. It covers tools for map algebra, mathematics, multi-variate analysis, neighborhoods, rasters, reclassifying rasters, solar radiation, and surfaces. The tools allow for exploring relationships between attributes, combining raster bands, clustering analysis, weighted overlays, statistics on raster neighborhoods, creating constant, normal and random rasters, hillshading, slope, curvature, contours and calculating surface volumes.
This document is a thesis submitted by Gagandeep Singh for his M.Tech degree in RS & GIS from NIT Warangal in 2013-2015. It discusses various topics related to digital terrain modeling including contour lines, grid DTMs, TINs, the differences between DSMs and DEMs, data acquisition methods, processing techniques, and applications of digital terrain data. It also evaluates different data sources for terrain modeling like SRTM, topographic maps, and Google Earth imagery and assesses their accuracy through statistical analysis and visual inspection.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) is a digital representation of a surface as non-overlapping triangles computed from irregularly spaced 3D points, where each point has x, y, and z coordinates. TINs are useful for representing continuous surfaces in GIS as they can accurately model terrain with significant slopes and variations while using fewer triangles in flat areas. TINs allow for easy derivation and analysis of surface properties like slope, aspect, area, and volume from mass point data, contours, and breaklines.
Today very high resolution DEM from satellite image data with resolution of about one meter allows to depict very detailed surface changes.
High resolution DEM increase accurate satellite image geometry and adding DGPS ground control points increases x.y.z accuracy.
Wrong positioning of objects or bad parameters calculation often result in bad image geometry.
From along track stereo pairs of VHR satellite optical data it’s possible to generate an automatic DEM.
Applications :
Ortho-rectification of satellite images, 3D display.
Creation of accurate topographic reference, relief maps.
Topographic profiles and contour generation.
Surface analysis.
Calculations of slope, orientation and shading.
Calculations of volume and elevation
Extraction of terrain and morphometric parameters.
Geomorphology and structural analysis.
Geological quantifications (dips, lithological thicknesses, faults and folds of geometry, etc.).
3D Reference map of resources extraction zones (quarries, open-pits).
Calculation of hydrographic networks and watershed basin.
Determination of hypsometric curves, knickpoints, etc.
Characterization of eroded areas.
Floods simulation, risks evaluation.
Volume calculation for restraints of dams.
This document discusses vector GIS database structures. It explains that vector GIS represents the world using points, lines, and polygons. Vector models store discrete data like country borders and streets. Polygons are the basic unit and are created by connecting points with straight lines. Topology encodes spatial relationships between objects to accurately model real-world geometry. Topological rules govern connectivity and adjacency. Building topology involves calculating relationships between points, lines, and areas digitized in a GIS. Topological errors can occur if features do not perfectly connect. Vector databases are widely used in applications like transportation, utilities, and resource management.
This document discusses navigation meshes (NavMeshes), which are a technique for pathfinding and movement in 3D virtual environments. A NavMesh is a simplified 3D geometry that represents the walkable space of a virtual world. It is composed of convex polygons connected at edges. This geometry is converted into a graph that serves as the input for pathfinding algorithms. Pathfinding algorithms like A* are run on the graph to determine a path between locations. The resulting path is then used to control an agent's movement through the virtual environment by interpolating its position between nodes representing polygons in the NavMesh.
Digital image processing involves applying computer algorithms to digital images. It allows a wide range of algorithms to be used and avoids problems like noise and distortion. Digital images are made of pixels, the discrete picture elements. Sampling rate must be high enough to capture required detail. Karst terrain has distinctive features like sinkholes and caves formed by limestone dissolution in water. Remote sensing data at different resolutions can identify karst landforms of various sizes for mapping and analysis.
This document summarizes Joe Leech's talk on using psychology to create perfect designs. It discusses how designs should match people's mental models of how processes work by following logical step-by-step flows. It also explains how designs can evoke emotion through vivid language and imagery. While instinctual parts of the brain cannot be directly designed for, matching mental models and evoking emotion can lead to great designs without unnecessary trickery.
Visualization, A Primer - Basics, Techniques and GuidelinesCagatay Turkay
Slides for my talk at a workshop at DigitalCatapult in June 2015 on visualization design basics, common techniques and some guidelines. Discuss some of the underlying theory and basic methods, followed by a selection of common vis methods arranged according to data type. Then move on to some guidelines and recommendations whilst designing visualisations. Basically a very high-level 45-min. crash course in visualisation.
Data Visualization GIS and Maps, The Visualization Process Visualization Strategies: Present or explore? The cartographic toolbox: What kind of data do I have?, How can I map my data? How to map?: How to map qualitative data, How to map quantitative data, How to map the terrain elevation, How to map time series Map Cosmetics, Map Dissemination
This document discusses temporal data and time in databases. It explains that temporal databases model states of the real world across time by associating times when facts are valid. Facts can have valid times or transaction times. Bi-temporal relations store both valid and transaction times. The document also discusses SQL specifications for time, temporal query languages, and challenges with temporal functional dependencies.
DTM/DEM generation involves creating digital models of terrain elevation from various data sources. A DTM provides height values referenced to positions and can include other terrain features, while a DEM only provides regular elevation values. Photogrammetry and remote sensing are common methods to acquire elevation data and generate DTMs/DEMs. The data often needs editing and filtering to remove errors and refine the models. Raster and TIN representations are common formats, with rasters using a grid and TINs using irregular triangles. Accuracy depends on factors like the data source and grid size for rasters. DSMs include above-ground features and require processing to derive bare earth DTMs below the features.
Presentació realitzada a l'ICC (27/09/2013) en el marc de la conferència magistral, a càrrec del Prof. Georg Gartner, president de l'Associació Cartogràfica Internacional (ICA/ACI)
A Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a digital file that provides a detailed 3D representation of the topography of the Earth's surface. It consists of terrain elevations at regularly spaced intervals that can be used to create 3D visualizations and analyze slope, aspect, height, and other topographical features. DTMs with draped aerial imagery can help with planning, engineering, and environmental impact assessments by providing accurate 3D models of land surfaces. They are used across a variety of industries and applications.
This document discusses different methods for representing digital terrain, including grids, TINs, quadtrees, and multi-resolution models. Grid DEMs represent terrain as a regular grid of elevation postings. TINs use an irregular network of triangles to connect elevation postings. Quadtrees adapt resolution based on terrain complexity. Multi-resolution models provide multiple levels of detail for large terrain datasets. Each method has advantages like storage efficiency or terrain adaptation and disadvantages like processing costs or irregularity. The best method depends on the application and dataset characteristics.
This document describes two new user interface techniques for directly manipulating isosurfaces and cutting planes in virtual reality environments for scientific visualization. It proposes a widget for interactive isosurface generation that uses a time-critical algorithm to locally generate the isosurface around a probe in real-time as it is manipulated. It also proposes a widget for manipulating isosurfaces that allows dragging a handle perpendicular to the surface to change its value without significantly changing the center of interest.
This document provides an overview of 3D modelling techniques related to UVW mapping and texture projection. It discusses key UVW mapping concepts like UV coordinates, mapping types (planar, cylindrical, etc.), and UV unwrapping. Useful tools for UVW mapping mentioned include specialized software like RizomUV, Modo and ZBrush, as they can complete the UVW mapping process faster and more accurately than general 3D software like 3DS Max and Maya.
This document discusses digital elevation models (DEMs), including how they are generated from remote sensing data like satellite imagery and LiDAR, their typical accuracies, and common uses. DEMs can be created from aerial or satellite stereo images, radar interferometry, or terrestrial land surveying. They are used to produce topographic maps and orthophotos, model flooding, perform visibility analysis, and create 3D terrain representations. The quality and resolution of DEMs varies depending on the source data and techniques used.
Spatial analysis and Analysis Tools ( GIS )designQube
This document discusses various analysis tools for working with geographic data. It covers tools for map algebra, mathematics, multi-variate analysis, neighborhoods, rasters, reclassifying rasters, solar radiation, and surfaces. The tools allow for exploring relationships between attributes, combining raster bands, clustering analysis, weighted overlays, statistics on raster neighborhoods, creating constant, normal and random rasters, hillshading, slope, curvature, contours and calculating surface volumes.
This document is a thesis submitted by Gagandeep Singh for his M.Tech degree in RS & GIS from NIT Warangal in 2013-2015. It discusses various topics related to digital terrain modeling including contour lines, grid DTMs, TINs, the differences between DSMs and DEMs, data acquisition methods, processing techniques, and applications of digital terrain data. It also evaluates different data sources for terrain modeling like SRTM, topographic maps, and Google Earth imagery and assesses their accuracy through statistical analysis and visual inspection.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) is a digital representation of a surface as non-overlapping triangles computed from irregularly spaced 3D points, where each point has x, y, and z coordinates. TINs are useful for representing continuous surfaces in GIS as they can accurately model terrain with significant slopes and variations while using fewer triangles in flat areas. TINs allow for easy derivation and analysis of surface properties like slope, aspect, area, and volume from mass point data, contours, and breaklines.
Today very high resolution DEM from satellite image data with resolution of about one meter allows to depict very detailed surface changes.
High resolution DEM increase accurate satellite image geometry and adding DGPS ground control points increases x.y.z accuracy.
Wrong positioning of objects or bad parameters calculation often result in bad image geometry.
From along track stereo pairs of VHR satellite optical data it’s possible to generate an automatic DEM.
Applications :
Ortho-rectification of satellite images, 3D display.
Creation of accurate topographic reference, relief maps.
Topographic profiles and contour generation.
Surface analysis.
Calculations of slope, orientation and shading.
Calculations of volume and elevation
Extraction of terrain and morphometric parameters.
Geomorphology and structural analysis.
Geological quantifications (dips, lithological thicknesses, faults and folds of geometry, etc.).
3D Reference map of resources extraction zones (quarries, open-pits).
Calculation of hydrographic networks and watershed basin.
Determination of hypsometric curves, knickpoints, etc.
Characterization of eroded areas.
Floods simulation, risks evaluation.
Volume calculation for restraints of dams.
This document discusses vector GIS database structures. It explains that vector GIS represents the world using points, lines, and polygons. Vector models store discrete data like country borders and streets. Polygons are the basic unit and are created by connecting points with straight lines. Topology encodes spatial relationships between objects to accurately model real-world geometry. Topological rules govern connectivity and adjacency. Building topology involves calculating relationships between points, lines, and areas digitized in a GIS. Topological errors can occur if features do not perfectly connect. Vector databases are widely used in applications like transportation, utilities, and resource management.
This document discusses navigation meshes (NavMeshes), which are a technique for pathfinding and movement in 3D virtual environments. A NavMesh is a simplified 3D geometry that represents the walkable space of a virtual world. It is composed of convex polygons connected at edges. This geometry is converted into a graph that serves as the input for pathfinding algorithms. Pathfinding algorithms like A* are run on the graph to determine a path between locations. The resulting path is then used to control an agent's movement through the virtual environment by interpolating its position between nodes representing polygons in the NavMesh.
Digital image processing involves applying computer algorithms to digital images. It allows a wide range of algorithms to be used and avoids problems like noise and distortion. Digital images are made of pixels, the discrete picture elements. Sampling rate must be high enough to capture required detail. Karst terrain has distinctive features like sinkholes and caves formed by limestone dissolution in water. Remote sensing data at different resolutions can identify karst landforms of various sizes for mapping and analysis.
This document summarizes Joe Leech's talk on using psychology to create perfect designs. It discusses how designs should match people's mental models of how processes work by following logical step-by-step flows. It also explains how designs can evoke emotion through vivid language and imagery. While instinctual parts of the brain cannot be directly designed for, matching mental models and evoking emotion can lead to great designs without unnecessary trickery.
Visualization, A Primer - Basics, Techniques and GuidelinesCagatay Turkay
Slides for my talk at a workshop at DigitalCatapult in June 2015 on visualization design basics, common techniques and some guidelines. Discuss some of the underlying theory and basic methods, followed by a selection of common vis methods arranged according to data type. Then move on to some guidelines and recommendations whilst designing visualisations. Basically a very high-level 45-min. crash course in visualisation.
The document discusses combining Euler diagrams and graphs to visualize complex, interconnected data. It proposes drawing Euler diagrams and graphs simultaneously using extended circle-based and force-directed layout methods. This would account for the well-formedness properties of both notations and produce effective visualizations representing relationships between sets and data items. The research aims to develop novel automated layout techniques, software implementing these techniques, and evaluation of layout effectiveness through empirical studies.
Herding Cats: Innovation Management in an Unpredictable World
People can be creative without being innovative. Ever met those people who have great ideas but nothing ever actually happens? Innovation, however, produces something demonstrably new. Whether it’s a new product or a new process, innovation brings it into being.
From a business perspective innovation is a primary means by which organizations reinvent and reposition themselves and what they have to offer. Commercially, as someone once said, innovation is the ability to convert ideas into invoices.
What kind of different leverage points can we identify to assist design process in tackling wicked problems of humankind? This lecture is based on results and findings from Peloton and HOAS lab projects by Demos Helsinki. Both of these processes aim at creating consumer behavior change and empowering gatekeeper professionals to improve energy efficiency and overall quality of housing. The lecture was held at Chalmers Architecture course Design Systems on February 1st 2012.
A presentation which explains what makes the user act in different situations. Using Einsteins theory of relativity we can see how time and location influences the user's decisons.
Information Visualization - not just eye candyJan Srutek
Information visualization (infovis) can help make sense of large amounts of data by using interactive visual representations to amplify cognition. While infovis was once an academic field, it is now widely used in commercial tools and by Google. However, designing effective infovis is challenging as simply making data graphical does not ensure it is useful. Proper evaluation of infovis experiences and performance is also difficult as insight is hard to measure and the experience is subjective.
1) The document discusses data formatting and manipulation techniques including working with quantitative and qualitative nominal data. It covers making word clouds and network visualizations.
2) Network visualization tools like Gephi are introduced and examples of network visualizations are shown.
3) Design considerations for data visualization like cognition, perception, and Gestalt principles are covered. Jacques Bertin's semiotics of graphics and visual variables are also summarized.
This document discusses TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge), a framework for teacher knowledge needed for technology integration. It consists of: Content Knowledge, Pedagogical Knowledge, Technological Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Technological Content Knowledge, and Technological Pedagogical Knowledge. The document also discusses constructivism theory and how it supports active, student-centered learning. When combined with TPACK, constructivism allows for successful technology integration by enhancing student activities, creativity, collaboration, and learning opportunities through technology tools. The benefits of integrating technology into a constructivist classroom include improved access to information, language support, and enhanced learning outcomes.
Data Science: Origins, Methods, Challenges and the future?Cagatay Turkay
Slides for my talk at City Unrulyversity on 18.03.15 in London. Discuss the term Data Science, touch upon the origins and the data scientist types. A longer discussion on the Data Science process and challenges analysts face.
And here is the abstract of the talk:
Data Science ... the term is everywhere now, on the news, recruitment sites, technology boards. "Data scientist" is even named to be sexiest job title of the century. But what is it, really? Is it just a hype or a term that will be with us for some time?
This session will investigate where the term is originating from and how it relates to decades of research in established fields such as statistics, data mining, visualisation and machine learning. We will investigate how the field is evolving with the emergence of large, heterogeneous data resources. We will discuss the objectives, tools and challenges of data science as a practice, and look at examples from research and industrial applications.
Visual thinking colin_ware_lectures_2013_14_pre-attentive processing and high...Elsa von Licy
This document discusses feature level processing and lessons for information display from pre-attentive vision research. It covers topics like segmentation based on primitive visual features like color, orientation, and motion. Key points made are that some features like color can be processed in parallel across the visual field and "pop out", while conjunctions of features require focused attention. The document also provides guidance on designing visual symbols and data glyphs, recommending using separable perceptual dimensions and following principles of pre-attentive processing to ensure important information is available to attention.
Know why understanding Human Computer Interaction is important to deliver the best design. User Experience can only be enhanced when all these principles are utilized in the best possible way!
The Feature-Integration of Attention_JingJing Chen
The document summarizes Anne Treisman and Garry Gelade's feature-integration theory of attention from their 1980 paper. The theory posits that features are registered automatically and in parallel across the visual field, while objects are identified separately and require focused attention to integrate the features. A series of experiments on visual search, illusory conjunctions, and texture segregation provide evidence that attending to conjunctions of features (e.g. color and shape) involves serial self-terminating search, while attending to individual features can be performed in parallel. The experiments demonstrate that precise spatial localization of objects requires attention to bind features with locations.
Designing Progressive and Interactive Analytics Processes for High-Dimensiona...Cagatay Turkay
Slides for my talk at the VAST 2016 conference within IEEE VIS 2016. The details of the presented paper can be found on this page: http://www.gicentre.net/featuredpapers/#/turkaydesigning2016/
This document discusses seeing software through visualization. It begins by discussing how humans are visual beings and process most information visually through their eyes and brain. It then discusses the different types of memory humans use to process visual information, including iconic memory which briefly retains visual information, and short-term memory which acts as a working memory. The document suggests that seeing and visualizing are important for understanding software systems.
Designing for Brains: the Psychology of User ExperienceMarissa Epstein
By now, you probably already know the importance of user research, and better understanding your users' needs and tasks. But it's also important to dig deeper, into the psychology of what motivates them, and understand how humans really behave and think. Leave off those rose-colored glasses and see how users actually perceive an experience. In reality, humans have limited memory and focus; we’re swayed by emotion more than we'd care to admit. Carefully considering every single thing in our lives would be far too overwhelming, so humans often revert to using their more primitive fight-or-flight "lizard brains" to make decisions quickly.
Hemispatial neglect, its symptoms, causes, location in brain, and utility in the study of attentive vs pre-attentive visual processing.
You really need the notes below the slides to understand what they are about, so I'm gonna try to a write-up of it on my website
Anomaly detection techniques aim to identify outliers or anomalies in datasets. Statistical approaches assume a data distribution and detect anomalies that differ significantly. Distance-based approaches measure distances between data points to find outliers that are far from neighbors. Clustering approaches group normal data and detect outliers in small clusters or far from other clusters. Challenges include determining the number of outliers, handling unlabeled data, and scaling to high dimensions where distances become similar.
Pre-attentive psychology tries to explain how our brains perceive visual information and organise it into meaningful patterns and structures, all in a fraction of a second. Understanding how this works gives us crucial building blocks for how to structure user interfaces. This talk will introduce Gestalt psychology and look at some of the Gestalt laws and how they give us guidelines for layout and structure. You probably already do this without realising it but understanding why and how we do it will make us more effective when we come to design (or evaluate) user interfaces!
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Deceitful and instigating a aerobics itinerary for twin steered emission healingeSAT Journals
Abstract The verdict of sundry turfs of attainable castigation is that encroachments necessitate scrutiny energies that are progressively intricate and shared. This swing from trifling-gage to large-scale detracting proficient in our constituency meritoriously four eons ago with a firsthand decorum bid, which swore to upsurge the enormousness of probe gauges by a scarce remits of magnitude, and vital excavated treaty within our own ritual and new alliances exterior the civilization This pioneering realism mandatory us to go sealed a fairly large lenient augmentation brawl with fairly occasional chattels in our moot wedge and impartially tiny erstwhile prevailing knack in such swelters. Keywords - Scrutiny Amassing Deed, equaled tomography, RCF.
1. The document discusses the development of a research computing framework (RCF) to support large-scale radiation oncology research.
2. The RCF was designed based on principles of layering, modularity, and separation of concerns. It provides tools and applications for tasks like image registration and treatment planning optimization.
3. The framework includes hardware like x86 clusters connected to medical accelerators for patient data as well as large storage systems. Software components are organized into modular and interchangeable layers isolated from device specifics.
Surveying for Civil engineering is a
particular type of surveying known as "land surveying", it is the
detailed study or inspection, as by gathering information through
observations, measurements in the field, questionnaires, or
research of legal instruments, and data analysis in the support of
planning, designing, and establishing of property boundaries.
Land surveying can include associated services such as mapping
and related data accumulation, construction layout surveys,
precision measurements of length, angle, elevation, area, and
volume, as well as horizontal and vertical control surveys, and
the analysis and utilization of land survey data. Surveyors use
various tools to do their work successfully and accurately, such
as total stations, robotic total stations, GPS receivers, prisms, 3D
scanners, radio communicators, handheld tablets, digital levels,
and surveying software.
Survey data can be directly entered into a GIS from digital
data collection systems on survey instruments. When data is
captured, the user should consider if the data should be captured
with either a relative accuracy or absolute accuracy, since this
could not only influence how information will be interpreted but
also the cost of data captured.
In this paper GIS maps were developed depending on the
field surveying data made for a two traverses. First one has ribs
less than 50m length and the other larger than 50m. Each
traverse is holding five times using five equipments and
instruments: Tape, Level, Digital level, Digital theodolite and
Laser tape. Also those maps were drawn by using both of ACAD
and ArcView softwares. Then a detail surveying map was
produced. The precision was computed for both traverses in each
method. Its value is range from 1/140 to 1/10000.
Transportation involves the movement of people and the shipment of goods from one location to another.
A geospatial model of a transportation network is comprised of linear features and the points of intersection between them.
Localization based range map stitching in wireless sensor network under non l...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Learning Graph Representation for Data-Efficiency RLlauratoni4
This document provides information about Laura Toni's presentation on learning graph representation for data-efficient reinforcement learning. It discusses Laura Toni's affiliation with the LASP Research group at University College London, which focuses on machine learning, signal processing, and developing strategies for large-scale networks exploiting graph structures. The key goal is to exploit graph structure to develop efficient learning algorithms. The document lists some applications such as virtual reality systems, bandit problems, structural reinforcement learning, and influence maximization.
This document proposes a blind, robust watermarking technique for 3D triangular mesh models using neural networks. It selects optimal watermark carrier vertices using self-organizing maps (SOM) neural networks to cluster vertices by smoothness. Watermark bits are embedded in the selected vertices using local statistical measures. Experimental results show the watermarks can be extracted without re-alignment or re-meshing after various attacks, demonstrating the technique's robustness. The approach is compared to other blind 3D watermarking methods and proves efficient in terms of robustness and imperceptibility.
Use cases for knowledge navigation and visualization were collected at a workshop focusing on these topics. The use cases were combined with illustrative visualizations to facilitate discussion and the development of interfaces for knowledge management data visualization. Contact Thomas Hüsing for more information.
Graphs and networks can be used to minimize project and product costs by determining the critical path and activities. The critical path method (CPM) identifies the longest path of activities in a project network to determine which activities are critical and cannot be delayed without extending the project duration. CPM is used to calculate the earliest and latest start times for activities. Identifying the critical path allows project managers to focus on reducing the time of critical path activities to minimize overall costs by reducing the project duration and resource needs. Network flow problems can also be modeled and solved using graphs and linear programming to determine the minimum cost of transporting products through a network from source to destinations.
Connected charts explicit visualization of relationship between data graphicsAsliza Hamzah
This document describes ConnectedCharts, a technique for displaying relationships between multiple data graphics/charts. ConnectedCharts allows hybrid combinations of charts like bar charts, scatterplots and parallel coordinates, with curves drawn between corresponding data tuples or axes. This helps show relationships clearer and can document a user's analytical process, with potential applications in visual analytics and dashboards.
This document summarizes the key points of a research paper on regularized graph convolutional neural networks (RGCNN) for point cloud segmentation. Specifically:
1) RGCNN directly processes raw point clouds without voxelization or other preprocessing. It constructs graphs based on point coordinates and normals, performs graph convolutions to learn features, and adaptively updates the graphs during learning.
2) RGCNN leverages spectral graph theory to treat point cloud features as graph signals, defines convolutions via Chebyshev polynomial approximation, and regularizes learning with a graph-signal smoothness prior.
3) Experiments on ShapeNet show RGCNN achieves competitive segmentation performance with lower complexity than state-of-the
Data models in geographical information system(GIS)Pramoda Raj
The document provides an overview of key concepts in geographic information systems (GIS) including common data models. It discusses the two main data models - raster and vector - explaining their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Additionally, it covers triangulated irregular network (TIN) models and digital elevation models (DEMs) which are other important data representations in GIS. The document concludes that raster and vector are the basic GIS data models and explores their differences and various modeling approaches.
Data models are a set of rules and/or constructs used to describe and represent aspects of the real world in a computer. GIS can handle four data models for various applications. This module explains those four.
Mining Gems from the Data Visualization LiteratureNils Gehlenborg
What is the data visualization community and what can we learn from it?
What are some great examples?
What are the reasons why we don’t see more of this work in bioinformatics? The valley death ...
A Review And Taxonomy Of Distortion-Oriented Presentation TechniquesKaren Gomez
This document provides a taxonomy and unified theory of distortion-oriented presentation techniques for large information spaces. It reviews techniques such as the Polyfocal Display, Bifocal Display, Perspective Wall, and Fisheye View. These techniques use mathematical transformations to distort views of data and present details in context. The document aims to clarify confusion caused by increasing terminology, relate techniques through taxonomy and theory, and discuss implementation and performance issues.
Design and Experimental Evaluation of Immersion and Invariance Observer for L...Jafarkeighobadi
presents a new immersion and invariance (I&I) observer for inertial microelectromechanical
systems (MEMS) sensors-based, low-cost attitude-heading
reference systems (AHRSs). Using the I&I methodology,
the observer design problem is formulated as finding a
dynamics system, called the observer, and a differentiable
manifold in the extended state space of the Euler anglesobserver dynamics. The manifold is required to be practically stable with respect to the system trajectories. By imposing this requirement, an observer is derived to robustly
estimate the Euler angles. To show the efficacy of the I&I
observer and to compare its performance with the extended
Kalman filter (EKF), rigorous simulations are performed
using the raw data of a set of urban vehicular AHRS tests.
Index Terms—Inertial navigation, Microelectromechanical systems, Nonlinear filters, Observers
This document describes research into making digital elevation models (DEMs) more interactive. It discusses how most DEM display programs only show surface contours or parallel profiles, without allowing addition of other data or direct interaction. The researchers developed a new concept where visibility is stored as a property of spatial units (points, triangles), rather than computed only for display. This allows functions like adding roads/buildings, querying point locations, and rotating the surface without recomputing visibility each time. It explains how this concept was implemented in their triangular irregular network (TIN) DEM system to compute visibility in stages and store intermediate results in the database.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERPPixlogix Infotech
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
3. 3.2. Theories of Preattentive Processing
Feature Integration Theory
http://www.idvbook.com/
(a) a boundary defined by a unique
feature hue is preattentively classified
as horizontal;
3
(b) a boundary defined by a
conjunction of features cannot be
preattentively classified as vertical
4. 4
Roland Rensink. “The Need for Attention to See Change.” http://www.psych.ubc.ca/∼rensink/flicker, March 2, 2003.
5. 5
Roland Rensink. “The Need for Attention to See Change.” http://www.psych.ubc.ca/∼rensink/flicker, March 2, 2003.
6. 4. Perception in Visualization
http://www.idvbook.com/
Examples of perceptually motivated multidimensional visualizations:
(a) visualization of intelligent agents competing in simulated e-commerce
auctions;
(b) visualization of a CT scan of an abdominal aortic aneurism;
(c) a painter-like visualization of weather conditions over the Rocky
Mountains
6
10. 3.1. Position
http://www.idvbook.com/
Example visualizations: (left) using position to convey information. Displayed here is the
minimum price versus the maximum price for cars with a 1993 model year. The spread of points
appears to indicate a linear relationship between minimum and maximum price; (right) another
visualization using a different set of variables. This figure compares minimum price with engine
size for the 1993 cars data set. Unlike (left), there does not appear to be a strong relationship
between these two variables.
10
11. 3.2. Mark
This visualization uses
shapes to distinguish
between different car
types in a plot comparing
highway MPG and
horsepower. Clusters are
clearly visible, as well as
some outliers.
http://www.idvbook.com/
11
12. 3.3. Size (Length, Area and Volume)
This is a visualization of
the 1993 car models data
set, showing engine size
versus fuel tank capacity.
Size is mapped to
maximum price charged.
http://www.idvbook.com/
12
13. 3.4. Brightness
Another visualization of
the 1993 car models data
set, this time illustrating
the use of brightness to
convey car width (the
darker the points, the
wider the vehicle).
http://www.idvbook.com/
13
14. 3.5. Color
http://www.idvbook.com/
A visualization of the 1993
car models, showing the
use of color to display the
car’s length. Here length is
also associated with the yaxis and is plotted against
wheelbase. In this figure,
blue indicates a shorter
length, while yellow
indicates a longer length.
14
15. 3.6. Orientation
Sample visualization of
the 1993 car models data
set depicting using
highway milesper-gallon
versus fuel tank capacity
(position) with the
additional data variable,
midrange price, used to
adjust mark orientation.
http://www.idvbook.com/
15
16. 3.7. Texture
Example visualization
using texture to provide
additional information
about the 1993 car
models data set, showing
the relationship between
wheelbase versus
horsepower (position) as
related to car types,
depicted by different
textures.
http://www.idvbook.com/
16
17. 4.9. Senay and Ignatius (1994) VISTA
VISTA’s composition rules
Hikmet Senay and Eve Ignatius. “A Knowledge-Based System for Visualization Design.” IEEE
Comput. Graph. Appl. 14:6 (1994), 36–47.
17
18. 2. Two-Dimensional Data
A cityscape showing the density of air traffic over
the United States at a particular time period.
18
19. Landscapes
Example: News articles visualized as a landscape
• visualization of the data as
perspective landscape
• the data needs to be
transformed into a
(possibly artificial)
2D spatial representation
which preserves the
characteristics of the data
27. 4.3. Visualization Techniques
OpenDX (http://www.opendx.org/)
Corresponding points from several time slices
can be joined to form streaklines.
27
28. 1.1. Space-Filling Methods
Jing Yang, Matthew O.Ward, Elke A. Rundensteiner, and Anilkumar Patro. “InterRing: A Visual Interface
for Navigating and Manipulating Hierarchies.” Information Visualization 2:1 (2003), 16–30.
A sample hierarchy and the corresponding treemap
display.
28
29. 1.1 Cushion Treemap
Idea: Use shading to construct a
surface which shape encodes
the tree structure.
The human visual system is
trained to interpret variations in
shade as illuminated surfaces .
see: H. van de Wetering and J. van Wijk. Cushion treemaps: Visualization of hierarchical information.In
Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (InfoVis), 2005.
29
31. 1.1 Treemap
Bederson, B.B., PhotoMesa: a
zoomable image browser using
quantum treemaps and
bubblemaps, Proceedings of the
14th annual ACM symposium on
User interface software and
technology, pp 71-80, 2001, ACM
31
32. 1.1. Space-Filling Methods
Jing Yang, Matthew O.Ward, Elke A. Rundensteiner, and Anilkumar Patro. “InterRing: A Visual Interface
for Navigating and Manipulating Hierarchies.” Information Visualization 2:1 (2003), 16–30.
A sample hierarchy and the corresponding sunburst
display.
32
35. Hierarchical Edge Bundling
More details in the
paper:
• Bundling Strength
• Alpha blending
Danny Holten, Hierarchical Edge Bundles: Visualization of Adjacency Relations in
Hierarchical Data, IEEE TVCG, Vol 12, No 5, 2006 (Best Paper InfoVis 2006)
35
36. 3.2. Tabular Displays
Inxight Table Lens (http://www.inxightfedsys.com/products/sdks/tl/default.asp)
An example of Inxight Table Lens showing the cars data set
sorted first by car origin and then by MPG.
36
37. 5.2. Hybrid Approaches
Example: XMDV Tool
XMDV allows to dynamically link and brush scatterplot matrices, star icons,
parallel coordinates, and dimensional stacking (combination of geometric,
icon-based, hierarchical and dynamic techniques).
Matthew O. Ward, "Linking and Brushing.", Encyclopedia of Database Systems 2009: 1623-1626. http://davis.wpi.edu/xmdv/
37
38. 5.2. Guidelines for Using Multiple Views
• Rule of Complementary:
Use multiple views when
different views bring out
correlations and/or
disparities.
38
42. 1. Visualizing Spatial Data
• Type of map depends on the properties of the
data, for example:
Dot maps
Line diagrams
Land use maps[2]
Isoline maps[3]
Chloropleth maps
Surface maps[1]
[1] K. Crane, Spin transformations of discrete surfaces, 2011
[2] C. Power, Hierarchical fuzzy pattern matching for the regional comparison of land use maps, 2001
[3] I. Solis, Isolines: energy-efficient mapping in sensor networks, 2005
42
43. 8.3.1 Dot Map
A simple dot map of commercial wireless antennas in the USA
43
44. 2.1. Pixel Maps
0:00 am (EST)
6:00 am (EST)
10:00 pm (EST)
6:00 pm (EST)
The figures display U.S.
Telephone Call Volume
at four different times
during one day. The idea
is to place the first data
items at their correct
position and position
overlapping data points
at nearby unoccupied
positions.
Overlap-free visualization!
Daniel A. Keim, Christian Panse, and Mike Sips. “Visual Data Mining of Large Spatial Data Sets.” In Databases in Networked
Information Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2822, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2822, pp. 201–215.
Berlin: Springer, 2003.
44
45. 3.2. Flow Maps and Edge Bundling
The visualization of traffic flows of the United States to
other countries suffers under visual clutter.
Arc maps try to avoid overlapping by mapping 2D lines
into 3D arcs.
Partially translucent arcs avoid overplotting.
K.C. Cox. 3D geographic network displays. ACM Sigmod Record, 1996
45
46. 3.2. Flow Maps and Edge Bundling
Flow maps are used to show the movement
of objects from one location to another.
They avoid overlapping by merging edges by,
for example, clustering.
(a) Minard’s 1864 flow map of wine exports from France [20]
(b) Tobler’s computer generated flow map of migration from California from 1995 - 2000. [18; 19]
(c) A flow map produced by our system that shows the same migration data.
D. Pahn et al. Flow map layout. Information Visualization, 2005.
46
47. 3.2. Flow Maps and Edge Bundling
The visualizations show IP flow traffic from external nodes on the outside to
internal nodes, visualized as treemaps on the inside. The edge bundling
visualization (right side) significantly reduces the visual clutter compared to
the straight line visualization (left side).
Fabian Fischer, Florian Mansmann, Daniel A. Keim, Stephan Pietzko, and Marcel Waldvogel. “Large-Scale Network Monitoring for Visual Analysis of Attacks.” In Visualization for Computer
Security: 5th International Workshop, VizSec 2008, Cambridge, MA, USA, September 15, 2008, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 5210, pp. 111–118. Berlin: Springer- Verlag, 2008.
47
48. Flowstrates: Exploration of Temporal
Origin-Destination Data
Ilya Boyandin, Enrico Bertini, Peter Bak, Denis Lalanne. Flowstrates: An Approach for Visual Exploration of
Temporal Origin-Destination Data, EuroVis 2011
48
50. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
Making a visualization time-dependent
Every visualization can be made time dependent by
providing several visualizations for several time points…
… in parallel
… as a sequence (Animation)
1980
1990
2000
53. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
LifeLines
LifeLines for medical records. Consultations, manifestations, documents, hospitalizations and treatments are shown
in this record. Each doctor has a unique color. Line thickness shows severity and dosage.
54. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
History Flow
a
u
t
h
o
rs
Text of
page
Editing history of the wikipedia „Microsoft“ page
History flow visualization
55. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
ThemeRiver
ThemeRiver depicts thematic
variations over time within a large
collection of documents
•
•
horizontal distance between two
points
time interval
•
total vertical distance
collective strength of the selected
themes
•
Data: Collection of patents from one company
directed flow from left to right
movement through time
colored currents
individual themes
56. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
Histogram vs. ThemeRiver
• Discrete values
• Exact values
• Hard to follow a single current
• Continuous flow
• Interpolation, approximation
• Easy to follow a single current
(curving continuous lines)
57. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
Importance-Driven Visualization
Goal: Display large numbers of time series such that
• relative importance and hierarchy relations can be quickly
perceived
• the time series can easily be compared
(by arranging them in a regular layout)
58. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
Importance-Driven Visualization
80 time series
from 9 different
S&P500 Industries
i-measure: volatility of stocks
color: normalized stock open price from green (low) through yellow (medium) to red (high)
59. 10.2 Visualization techniques for serial data
Space-Time Cube
The space-time cube: I. An example of the author’s travels on an average Thursday in Enschede, the Netherlands. II. The space-time cube’s
basics: a Space-Time Path and its footprint. The vertical line in the path represents the time a person remains at the same location, called
station. III. A Space-Time-Prism (STP) indicates the locations that can be reached in a particular time interval (the Potential Path Space (PPS)).
The projection of the PPS on the map results in the Potential Path Area (PPA).
65. Text and Geo (1)
Chae et al. 2012
Seasonal Trend
Decomposition
WS 2011 / 12
Computational Methods for Document Analysis, Prof. Dr. D. A. Keim
65
66. Word Clouds – http://wordle.net/
4 years of GK publications at the University of Konstanz
(size of term corresponds to the frequency of the term within the publications)
68. 1.2. Selection Operators
- techniques for
selecting and
highlighting
objects and groups
of objects
point is selected
highlighted
and can be
dragged
- often to identify
the set of objects
that will be the
argument to some
action
68
69. 1.3. Filtering Operators
Dynamic Queries =
visual means of
specifying
conjunctions
e.g.:
FilmFinder
by C. Ahlberg and B. Shneiderman
- sliders or radio
buttons to select value
ranges for variables in
the Data Table
- cases for which all the
variables fall into the
specified ranges are
displayed
69
71. 1.6. Connection Operators
interactive changes made in one visualization are
automatically reflected in the other visualizations
cases that are selected in one view…
… are automatically also selected in all
the other views
Screenshots of XMDV-Tool
71
73. 1. Screen Space
Perspective Wall
• The data outside the focal
area are perspectively
reduced in size
• The perspective wall is a
variant of the bifocal lense
display which horizontally
compresses the sides of the
workspace by direct scaling
Documents arranged on a Perspective Wall
73
74. 1. Screen Space - Fisheye
original graph and fisheye view of the graph
shows an area of interest quite large and with detail and the other areas
successively smaller and in less detail
graph visualization using a fisheye perspective
74
75. 5. Data Structure Space
Wei Peng, Matthew O. Ward, and Elke A. Rundensteiner. “Clutter Reduction in Multi Dimensional Data Visualization Using Dimension Reordering.” In INFOVIS ’04: Proceedings of the IEEE
Symposium on Information Visualization, pp. 89–96. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 2004.
Example of shape simplification via dimension reordering. The left image shows the
original order, while the right image shows the results of reordering to reduce
concavities and increase the percentage of symmetric shapes.
75
76. 6. Visualization Structure Space – TableLens
TableLens with
distortion (expansion)
to show names
Visualization of a baseball database with a few rows being selected in full detail
76
77. 7. Animating Transformations
Example of a velocity curve
corresponding to the position curve,
with ease-in, ease-out movement.
Example of an acceleration curve
corresponding to the position curve,
with ease-in, ease-out movement.
77
78. 3. System Performance - Use Case (1)
Practice Fusion Medical Research Data
15,000 de-identified health records, 7 different tables (patients, diagnosis, medications, etc.)
Data handling and visualization functionality evaluation
Task: visualize the distribution of women’s pregnancy age
79. 3. System Performance - Use case (2)
VAST challenge 2011
1,023,057 geo-tagged microblogging messages with time stamps
map information for the artificial “Vastopolis” metropolitan area
Geo-spatial-temporal data analysis functionality evaluation
Spotfire
Tableau
Qlikview
JMP
Task: visualize the geo-referenced disease outbreaks over the given time span
79
What is good about the fact that the Origins and destinations are in two separate maps:- clearly show the flow directions (origin->destination) this is not always obvious in cluttered flow maps- potentially use other appropriate representations for the temporal data without being constrained by having to fit it into a map
Like edge bundling, for example,But for us the real challenge is differentWe want to be able to visualize and explore the temporal dimension along with the origins and destinations(embed temporal data into it without adding even more clutter)
For Outstanding Creative Design – Spring Rain, a student team from Purdue UniversitySpring Rain was a very interesting concept for Ambient display that shows the important things going on in the network now at a glance without having to do in-depth analysis, which is really key.
For Outstanding Creative Design – Solar Wheels, another student team from Purdue University. I should note that both Purdue teams were made up of computer scientists and designersSolar Wheels was very interesting because of the way it used physical navigation to provide an appropriate level of information.
SASInteresting Visualization Technique for their integration between two types of matrices
From submission:Event 9: Eight suspicious internal hosts and SSH protocol activity from 8:00 April 12th to 5:00 April 15thAt 8:14 April 12th, eight suspicious internal hosts accessed external host 10.4.20.9 which has only appeared once in the log. Beginning from 8:28 April 12th, these eight internal hosts started accessing the port 22 of external host 10.0.3.77 regularly and the accessing number to 10.0.0.4~10.0.0.14 is much larger than that to other workstations. Also, these internal hosts once have accessed 10.1.0.100 and server 172.20.0.3 has accessed 10.0.3.77. Hence these eight internal hosts, 172.10.2.106, 172.10.2.66, 172.10.2.135, 172.20.1.81, 172.20.1.23, 172.20.1.47, 172.30.1.218, 172.30.1.223, are noteworthy (see Figure 9).This screen identifies a correct answer. It finds the command and control communication with the botnet.This solution chose several good cyber to visual mappings and they had the highest overall accuracy.
Team had one integrated display. Used entropy calculations to help analyst know where to look. Not a set of separate views but a single display. Mention the award is for outstanding situation awareness because the vises are brought together in one integrated display.