The document discusses Cisco IOS, the operating system used on Cisco networking devices. It covers topics such as IOS modes of operation including user EXEC and privileged EXEC modes, configuration files, and methods of accessing the IOS command-line interface including console, Telnet, SSH, and AUX ports. Learning objectives are provided for a chapter on configuring and testing networks.
The document discusses Cisco IOS, the operating system used in Cisco networking devices. It describes Cisco IOS features like routing, switching and security services. It also covers Cisco IOS access methods such as console, Telnet, SSH and AUX ports. The document then discusses Cisco IOS modes like user EXEC, privileged EXEC and global configuration modes. It provides examples of basic IOS commands and configuration tasks like configuring device information, passwords, interfaces and testing connectivity.
operating and configuring cisco a cisco IOS devicescooby_doo
The document provides an overview of starting up and configuring a Cisco Catalyst switch and Cisco router. It describes the bootup processes, command modes, and basic configuration steps for each device, including viewing status information, setting the hostname and IP address, and using command-line help features.
The document provides an overview of configuring a network operating system using Cisco IOS. It discusses accessing Cisco IOS devices through the console port or remotely using Telnet or SSH. It describes the command line interface and command structure of Cisco IOS, including different modes like privileged EXEC mode, global configuration mode, and interface configuration mode. It also covers setting the hostname, limiting access, saving configurations, and verifying connectivity between devices on the network.
The document provides instructions for installing and migrating to AIX 7.1. It outlines 4 steps: 1) boot from the AIX product media and select installation settings; 2) set and verify the BOS installation settings; 3) configure the system after installation; and 4) prepare for, verify settings, and begin the migration process from AIX 5.1 to 7.1. The document also discusses system backup to tape and the responsibilities of an AIX system administrator.
Router components allow the router to boot up and load its operating system. The router boot sequence requires all router components to start up. The Internetwork Operating System (IOS) acts as an interface between network devices and users, and is stored in the router's flash memory. Router administrative functions like assigning a hostname, banners, and passwords allow for easy troubleshooting and maintenance of routers.
The document provides an overview of the Network Installation Manager (NIM) system used by Capgemini Energy to manage operating system installations and software updates across their AIX and Linux environments. Key points include:
- NIM is used for OS installation, patching, maintenance booting, and diskless booting on AIX and Linux systems.
- Resources like OS install images, patches, and software are organized into classes and stored on NIM servers for distribution.
- The document outlines the NIM server configuration at Capgemini Energy including resources, operations, and network layout.
This document demonstrates how to optimize boot times on an Intel Atom platform using InsydeH2O. It shows boot time comparisons of a normal configuration versus configurations with specific drivers disabled. Disabling unnecessary drivers like SATA, USB, and video through InsydeH2O's smart boot feature reduced boot time from 8.8 seconds to under 2.3 seconds. Further customization could achieve a boot time of under 2 seconds.
The document discusses Cisco IOS, the operating system used in Cisco networking devices. It describes Cisco IOS features like routing, switching and security services. It also covers Cisco IOS access methods such as console, Telnet, SSH and AUX ports. The document then discusses Cisco IOS modes like user EXEC, privileged EXEC and global configuration modes. It provides examples of basic IOS commands and configuration tasks like configuring device information, passwords, interfaces and testing connectivity.
operating and configuring cisco a cisco IOS devicescooby_doo
The document provides an overview of starting up and configuring a Cisco Catalyst switch and Cisco router. It describes the bootup processes, command modes, and basic configuration steps for each device, including viewing status information, setting the hostname and IP address, and using command-line help features.
The document provides an overview of configuring a network operating system using Cisco IOS. It discusses accessing Cisco IOS devices through the console port or remotely using Telnet or SSH. It describes the command line interface and command structure of Cisco IOS, including different modes like privileged EXEC mode, global configuration mode, and interface configuration mode. It also covers setting the hostname, limiting access, saving configurations, and verifying connectivity between devices on the network.
The document provides instructions for installing and migrating to AIX 7.1. It outlines 4 steps: 1) boot from the AIX product media and select installation settings; 2) set and verify the BOS installation settings; 3) configure the system after installation; and 4) prepare for, verify settings, and begin the migration process from AIX 5.1 to 7.1. The document also discusses system backup to tape and the responsibilities of an AIX system administrator.
Router components allow the router to boot up and load its operating system. The router boot sequence requires all router components to start up. The Internetwork Operating System (IOS) acts as an interface between network devices and users, and is stored in the router's flash memory. Router administrative functions like assigning a hostname, banners, and passwords allow for easy troubleshooting and maintenance of routers.
The document provides an overview of the Network Installation Manager (NIM) system used by Capgemini Energy to manage operating system installations and software updates across their AIX and Linux environments. Key points include:
- NIM is used for OS installation, patching, maintenance booting, and diskless booting on AIX and Linux systems.
- Resources like OS install images, patches, and software are organized into classes and stored on NIM servers for distribution.
- The document outlines the NIM server configuration at Capgemini Energy including resources, operations, and network layout.
This document demonstrates how to optimize boot times on an Intel Atom platform using InsydeH2O. It shows boot time comparisons of a normal configuration versus configurations with specific drivers disabled. Disabling unnecessary drivers like SATA, USB, and video through InsydeH2O's smart boot feature reduced boot time from 8.8 seconds to under 2.3 seconds. Further customization could achieve a boot time of under 2 seconds.
This document provides instructions for installing and updating IBM Internet Security Systems Server Sensor 7.0 on an AIX system. It outlines the system requirements, installation process including accepting licenses and configuring default settings, and how to register the sensor with the management console and apply updates. The registration process involves adding the sensor as a new agent and choosing the event collector. Updates are applied by scheduling them from the management console.
This document outlines the steps to install AIX on Power servers using a NIM server. It describes powering on the HMC and configuring its IP addresses. LPARs are then created on the Power servers and connected to the HMC. AIX is installed on the LPARs by booting from media and navigating the installation steps. SSH is enabled and the NIM master server is configured by installing filesets and defining the NIM environment. A standalone NIM client is added and connectivity is tested between the client and NIM server using SMS ping.
UEFI Spec Version 2.4 Facilitates Secure Updateinsydesoftware
The document discusses new features in UEFI Spec Version 2.4 related to facilitating secure firmware updates. Key points include:
1) UEFI 2.4 defines a new capsule format for delivering firmware management protocol (FMP) updates that allows firmware components to be updated early in the pre-boot process.
2) The capsule format supports delivering multiple driver and image payloads.
3) UEFI 2.4 also defines delivering update capsules to the boot disk and having the firmware process them on restart, as well as leaving a variable with the processing status.
4) These new methods are meant to help securely update firmware in a more automated way compared to previous solutions like using EFI shell.
The document compares UEFI and traditional BIOS boot modes. UEFI addresses limitations of BIOS such as a 2TB partition size limit and limited flexibility in the boot process. UEFI uses a GPT partition scheme that supports larger drives, redundant partition tables, and booting by file path rather than fixed locations. It also provides a unified user interface for firmware configuration and allocates memory to device firmware on demand. Features like Secure Boot and booting from NVMe drives are only available via UEFI boot mode. Converting from BIOS to UEFI requires changing disk partitioning from MBR to GPT and enabling UEFI mode in the system BIOS.
The document discusses Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI), which is a replacement for the older BIOS firmware. It aims to address limitations of BIOS like being based on 16-bit architecture and a non-graphical interface. UEFI uses a new GUID Partition Table scheme and supports 64-bit processors and longer mode. It provides standardized interfaces for booting an operating system and improved performance over BIOS. Major operating systems have implemented UEFI including Windows, Mac OS, and Linux.
The document discusses the internals of a router. It describes the main functions of a router which include basic forwarding, packet classification, routing processing, and management. It outlines the key components of a router including network interfaces, forwarding engine, queue manager, and traffic manager. It also explains the packet flow through different components of a router along the fast and slow paths.
XPDDS19: How TrenchBoot is Enabling Measured Launch for Open-Source Platform ...The Linux Foundation
Daniel Smith discusses TrenchBoot, a project aiming to establish a unified approach to harnessing boot integrity technologies across open source platforms. TrenchBoot will enable establishing hardware-rooted integrity during platform boot (first launch inspection), runtime (runtime inspection), and other states. For runtime inspection, TrenchBoot will develop a way to securely re-establish the integrity of Xen at any time without rebooting by dynamically launching an integrity kernel to inspect and verify Xen. The talk outlines the initial and future work of TrenchBoot to integrate these capabilities with Linux, Xen and other open source projects.
This release note provides information about Intel network adapter drivers and software version 18.3. It includes drivers for Intel PRO/100, Gigabit, and 10GbE adapters. The note covers supported and unsupported operating systems, installation instructions, user guides, fiber optic adapters, saving and restoring adapter settings, Intel I/O Acceleration Technology, teaming notes, jumbo frames, power management, and known issues.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
SLIM (Single Linux Image Management) is a solution that allows a central server to manage and deploy a single Linux image across multiple networked client PCs. The key concept is for a SLIM server to hold a single Linux OS image that is exported via the network to client PCs to boot and run Linux locally. System administration and management is done on the SLIM server, allowing for centralized updates and management across all clients using the shared Linux image.
The Sysmac Studio software provides a unified design and operation environment for configuring, programming, simulating and monitoring automation systems. It supports configuration of EtherCAT networks and slave terminals, CPU/expansion racks, motion control, and programming of controllers using ladder logic, structured text and inline ST. System requirements include Windows OS, minimum memory and display specifications.
BIOS, Linux and Firmware Test Suite in-betweenAlex Hung
The document discusses BIOS, UEFI, ACPI and the Firmware Test Suite (FWTS). It defines BIOS as the Basic Input/Output System that handles hardware initialization and boot processes. UEFI intends to replace BIOS with standardized boot services. ACPI establishes interfaces for hardware configuration and power management. FWTS is a Linux tool that automates firmware testing through a suite of tests for aspects like ACPI, UEFI and power management.
This document provides an overview of system on chip (SoC) interconnect architectures and standard bus protocols. It discusses key considerations for choosing an interconnect architecture such as bandwidth, latency, and clock domains. Common SoC bus standards including AMBA, CoreConnect, and Wishbone are described along with their bus architectures and components. The document also provides details on specific buses within standards, such as AMBA's AHB, ASB, and APB buses and CoreConnect's PLB, OPB, and DCR buses.
This document discusses USB gadgets on Linux. It begins with an agenda that covers an introduction to USB, the USB gadget API, existing gadgets, designing a custom gadget, and a demo. It then provides details on the USB architecture and standards, the USB gadget API and how it compares to the Linux USB API, examples of existing gadgets like Ethernet and storage, and guidance on designing a custom gadget by implementing driver registration functions and handling control requests and data transfers. It concludes with a demonstration of a USB gadget on a BeagleBoard using U-Boot and a custom Linux kernel and root filesystem configuration.
Note - (EDK2) Acpi Tables Compile and Installboyw165
This document summarizes the process for compiling and installing ACPI tables. It describes three main components: 1) ACPI table files (.aml and .aslc/.act) that are compiled, 2) A DXE driver that finds the ACPI tables and installs them to memory, and 3) A DXE driver that provides the ACPI table and SDT protocols. The document also provides examples of different ACPI table file types and describes the drivers involved in compiling, installing, and exposing the ACPI tables.
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 2Nil Menon
This document provides an overview of switched network configuration and security. It discusses basic switch boot processes and configuration, including setting switch ports, IP addresses, and secure remote access using SSH. The document also covers common security threats in switched networks like MAC flooding and DHCP spoofing. It recommends best practices like disabling unused ports and services, strong passwords, and network auditing tools. Specific switch security features covered include port security, DHCP snooping, and putting ports in error disabled state for violations.
AIX 6.1 introduces several new security features including role-based access control (RBAC) which allows privileged tasks to be delegated to non-privileged users. It also includes an encrypted filesystem that encrypts data for protection and an updated security tool called AIX Security Expert for centralized security management. The document discusses these features and others such as the new secure by default installation option and systems director console.
In this paper, proposed a novel implementation of a Soft-Core system using
micro-blaze processor with virtex-5 FPGA. Till now Hard-Core processors are used in
FPGA processor cores. Hard cores are a fixed gate-level IP functions within the FPGA
fabrics. Now the proposed processor is Soft-Core Processor, this is a microprocessor fully
described in software, usually in an HDL. This can be implemented by using EDK tool. In
this paper, developed a system which is having a micro-blaze processor is the combination
of both hardware & Software. By using this system, user can control and communicate all
the peripherals which are in the supported board by using Xilinx platform to develop an
embedded system. Implementing of Soft-Core process system with different peripherals like
UART interface, SPA flash interface, SRAM interface has to be designed using Xilinx
Embedded Development Kit (EDK) tools.
Clear Linux OS is an Open Source distribution optimized for Intel Architecture. Come and learn how to be part of the community and contribute to the project.
This document provides information about Cisco Catalyst 2950 and Catalyst 2955 switches, including:
- An overview of features such as performance, manageability, redundancy, and security.
- Examples of network configurations using these switches, such as a small office network and hotel network.
- Instructions for configuring settings like IP addresses, clustering, authentication, and other management functions.
he Associate level of Cisco Certifications can begin directly with CCNA for network installation, operations and troubleshooting or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate Level as the foundation level of networking certification.
This document provides instructions for installing and updating IBM Internet Security Systems Server Sensor 7.0 on an AIX system. It outlines the system requirements, installation process including accepting licenses and configuring default settings, and how to register the sensor with the management console and apply updates. The registration process involves adding the sensor as a new agent and choosing the event collector. Updates are applied by scheduling them from the management console.
This document outlines the steps to install AIX on Power servers using a NIM server. It describes powering on the HMC and configuring its IP addresses. LPARs are then created on the Power servers and connected to the HMC. AIX is installed on the LPARs by booting from media and navigating the installation steps. SSH is enabled and the NIM master server is configured by installing filesets and defining the NIM environment. A standalone NIM client is added and connectivity is tested between the client and NIM server using SMS ping.
UEFI Spec Version 2.4 Facilitates Secure Updateinsydesoftware
The document discusses new features in UEFI Spec Version 2.4 related to facilitating secure firmware updates. Key points include:
1) UEFI 2.4 defines a new capsule format for delivering firmware management protocol (FMP) updates that allows firmware components to be updated early in the pre-boot process.
2) The capsule format supports delivering multiple driver and image payloads.
3) UEFI 2.4 also defines delivering update capsules to the boot disk and having the firmware process them on restart, as well as leaving a variable with the processing status.
4) These new methods are meant to help securely update firmware in a more automated way compared to previous solutions like using EFI shell.
The document compares UEFI and traditional BIOS boot modes. UEFI addresses limitations of BIOS such as a 2TB partition size limit and limited flexibility in the boot process. UEFI uses a GPT partition scheme that supports larger drives, redundant partition tables, and booting by file path rather than fixed locations. It also provides a unified user interface for firmware configuration and allocates memory to device firmware on demand. Features like Secure Boot and booting from NVMe drives are only available via UEFI boot mode. Converting from BIOS to UEFI requires changing disk partitioning from MBR to GPT and enabling UEFI mode in the system BIOS.
The document discusses Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI), which is a replacement for the older BIOS firmware. It aims to address limitations of BIOS like being based on 16-bit architecture and a non-graphical interface. UEFI uses a new GUID Partition Table scheme and supports 64-bit processors and longer mode. It provides standardized interfaces for booting an operating system and improved performance over BIOS. Major operating systems have implemented UEFI including Windows, Mac OS, and Linux.
The document discusses the internals of a router. It describes the main functions of a router which include basic forwarding, packet classification, routing processing, and management. It outlines the key components of a router including network interfaces, forwarding engine, queue manager, and traffic manager. It also explains the packet flow through different components of a router along the fast and slow paths.
XPDDS19: How TrenchBoot is Enabling Measured Launch for Open-Source Platform ...The Linux Foundation
Daniel Smith discusses TrenchBoot, a project aiming to establish a unified approach to harnessing boot integrity technologies across open source platforms. TrenchBoot will enable establishing hardware-rooted integrity during platform boot (first launch inspection), runtime (runtime inspection), and other states. For runtime inspection, TrenchBoot will develop a way to securely re-establish the integrity of Xen at any time without rebooting by dynamically launching an integrity kernel to inspect and verify Xen. The talk outlines the initial and future work of TrenchBoot to integrate these capabilities with Linux, Xen and other open source projects.
This release note provides information about Intel network adapter drivers and software version 18.3. It includes drivers for Intel PRO/100, Gigabit, and 10GbE adapters. The note covers supported and unsupported operating systems, installation instructions, user guides, fiber optic adapters, saving and restoring adapter settings, Intel I/O Acceleration Technology, teaming notes, jumbo frames, power management, and known issues.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
SLIM (Single Linux Image Management) is a solution that allows a central server to manage and deploy a single Linux image across multiple networked client PCs. The key concept is for a SLIM server to hold a single Linux OS image that is exported via the network to client PCs to boot and run Linux locally. System administration and management is done on the SLIM server, allowing for centralized updates and management across all clients using the shared Linux image.
The Sysmac Studio software provides a unified design and operation environment for configuring, programming, simulating and monitoring automation systems. It supports configuration of EtherCAT networks and slave terminals, CPU/expansion racks, motion control, and programming of controllers using ladder logic, structured text and inline ST. System requirements include Windows OS, minimum memory and display specifications.
BIOS, Linux and Firmware Test Suite in-betweenAlex Hung
The document discusses BIOS, UEFI, ACPI and the Firmware Test Suite (FWTS). It defines BIOS as the Basic Input/Output System that handles hardware initialization and boot processes. UEFI intends to replace BIOS with standardized boot services. ACPI establishes interfaces for hardware configuration and power management. FWTS is a Linux tool that automates firmware testing through a suite of tests for aspects like ACPI, UEFI and power management.
This document provides an overview of system on chip (SoC) interconnect architectures and standard bus protocols. It discusses key considerations for choosing an interconnect architecture such as bandwidth, latency, and clock domains. Common SoC bus standards including AMBA, CoreConnect, and Wishbone are described along with their bus architectures and components. The document also provides details on specific buses within standards, such as AMBA's AHB, ASB, and APB buses and CoreConnect's PLB, OPB, and DCR buses.
This document discusses USB gadgets on Linux. It begins with an agenda that covers an introduction to USB, the USB gadget API, existing gadgets, designing a custom gadget, and a demo. It then provides details on the USB architecture and standards, the USB gadget API and how it compares to the Linux USB API, examples of existing gadgets like Ethernet and storage, and guidance on designing a custom gadget by implementing driver registration functions and handling control requests and data transfers. It concludes with a demonstration of a USB gadget on a BeagleBoard using U-Boot and a custom Linux kernel and root filesystem configuration.
Note - (EDK2) Acpi Tables Compile and Installboyw165
This document summarizes the process for compiling and installing ACPI tables. It describes three main components: 1) ACPI table files (.aml and .aslc/.act) that are compiled, 2) A DXE driver that finds the ACPI tables and installs them to memory, and 3) A DXE driver that provides the ACPI table and SDT protocols. The document also provides examples of different ACPI table file types and describes the drivers involved in compiling, installing, and exposing the ACPI tables.
CCNA 2 Routing and Switching v5.0 Chapter 2Nil Menon
This document provides an overview of switched network configuration and security. It discusses basic switch boot processes and configuration, including setting switch ports, IP addresses, and secure remote access using SSH. The document also covers common security threats in switched networks like MAC flooding and DHCP spoofing. It recommends best practices like disabling unused ports and services, strong passwords, and network auditing tools. Specific switch security features covered include port security, DHCP snooping, and putting ports in error disabled state for violations.
AIX 6.1 introduces several new security features including role-based access control (RBAC) which allows privileged tasks to be delegated to non-privileged users. It also includes an encrypted filesystem that encrypts data for protection and an updated security tool called AIX Security Expert for centralized security management. The document discusses these features and others such as the new secure by default installation option and systems director console.
In this paper, proposed a novel implementation of a Soft-Core system using
micro-blaze processor with virtex-5 FPGA. Till now Hard-Core processors are used in
FPGA processor cores. Hard cores are a fixed gate-level IP functions within the FPGA
fabrics. Now the proposed processor is Soft-Core Processor, this is a microprocessor fully
described in software, usually in an HDL. This can be implemented by using EDK tool. In
this paper, developed a system which is having a micro-blaze processor is the combination
of both hardware & Software. By using this system, user can control and communicate all
the peripherals which are in the supported board by using Xilinx platform to develop an
embedded system. Implementing of Soft-Core process system with different peripherals like
UART interface, SPA flash interface, SRAM interface has to be designed using Xilinx
Embedded Development Kit (EDK) tools.
Clear Linux OS is an Open Source distribution optimized for Intel Architecture. Come and learn how to be part of the community and contribute to the project.
This document provides information about Cisco Catalyst 2950 and Catalyst 2955 switches, including:
- An overview of features such as performance, manageability, redundancy, and security.
- Examples of network configurations using these switches, such as a small office network and hotel network.
- Instructions for configuring settings like IP addresses, clustering, authentication, and other management functions.
he Associate level of Cisco Certifications can begin directly with CCNA for network installation, operations and troubleshooting or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate Level as the foundation level of networking certification.
The document discusses configuring IP addressing services including DHCP, NAT, and RIPv6. It describes how DHCP can be used to dynamically assign IP addresses to clients and configure DHCP servers and relay. NAT is explained as a method to conserve IP addresses by translating private to public IP addresses using various NAT types. The introduction of IPv6 and methods for transitioning to it like dual stack and tunneling are also covered. The document provides instructions for configuring RIPv6 routing on Cisco routers with IPv6.
This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It describes OSPF's basic features and configuration, including enabling OSPF, configuring network statements, examining the routing table, and modifying interface costs. It also covers OSPF operations in multi-access networks such as Designated Router election and flooding reduction techniques.
This document discusses routing tables, the routing table lookup process, and routing behaviors. It describes the hierarchical structure of routing tables, including level 1 routes and level 2 child routes. It also explains the routing table lookup process, which first examines level 1 routes, then checks for a match with child routes if the parent route matches. If no child route matches, the router will either drop the packet or search further depending on whether classful or classless routing behavior is configured.
This document summarizes a chapter about network protocols and communications. It discusses how protocols establish communication rules and standards organizations develop protocols through processes like RFCs. It also describes how data is encapsulated when moving through networks and OSI and TCP/IP models for conceptualizing network layers. Specific topics covered include protocol suites, addressing, data encapsulation, accessing local and remote network resources, and standards bodies.
The document discusses configuring and testing a network. It covers defining the role of the Internetwork Operating System (IOS), using Cisco CLI commands to configure routers and switches, applying addressing parameters to hosts, verifying network connectivity between hosts using tools like ping, and establishing a baseline for relative network performance over time.
The document discusses the application layer of the OSI model. It describes how application layer protocols like HTTP, SMTP, and FTP allow end-user applications to access network services and interact with other applications. It also covers protocols that provide IP addressing services, such as DNS for translating names to addresses and DHCP for dynamically assigning IP addresses. The document provides examples of common application layer protocols and how they facilitate file transfers, email, and web browsing. It concludes with a high-level summary of the key roles of the application layer.
This document discusses networking in the enterprise. It describes enterprise networks as large business networks that provide critical services across multiple locations using hierarchical designs with layers like access, distribution, and core. The document examines the types of applications and traffic in enterprise networks, including local, WAN, external traffic, and how traffic is prioritized and optimized. It also explores how enterprises integrate remote workers through telecommuting and uses of technologies like VPNs that allow encrypted access to the enterprise network.
This chapter discusses the Cisco IOS operating system and how to perform basic configurations on Cisco networking devices. It covers accessing and navigating the Cisco IOS command-line interface, setting hostnames, securing device access with passwords, saving configurations, and configuring IP addresses and testing connectivity. The key topics are accessing the Cisco IOS through its command-line interface, learning IOS navigation modes, and making initial device configurations including hostnames, passwords, and IP addresses.
The document discusses network troubleshooting and access to wide area networks (WANs). It covers establishing a baseline for normal network performance, troubleshooting methodologies and tools, common WAN implementation issues, and troubleshooting enterprise network problems. Specific topics include documenting the network configuration, measuring baseline performance, using layered models for troubleshooting, addressing issues with quality of service, reliability, latency and other factors during WAN implementation.
The document is a chapter from a Cisco networking textbook that covers network access and the physical and data link layers. It includes sections on physical layer protocols and network media like copper, fiber optic and wireless; data link layer protocols; and media access control techniques. The chapter aims to explain how these protocols and services support communication across networks and compares different media access control and logical topologies.
The document is a chapter from a Cisco networking textbook that discusses network layer concepts including network layer protocols, routing, routers, and configuring Cisco routers. It provides an introduction to topics like IPv4 and IPv6 addressing and packet structures, routing tables, and how routers use routing tables to forward traffic across networks. Examples of IPv4 and IPv6 packet headers, host and router routing tables, and directly/remotely connected routing table entries are shown.
This document discusses subnetting and IP networking. It covers subnetting IPv4 and IPv6 networks, including calculating subnets and hosts, determining subnet masks, and the benefits of variable length subnet masking (VLSM). The objectives are explained such as why routing is needed, IP addressing, and IPv6 address assignments. Key concepts covered include network segmentation, addressing schemes, design considerations and a chapter summary.
This document provides an overview of Ethernet networking concepts including:
- The Ethernet protocol operates at the data link and physical layers and defines the LLC and MAC sublayers for encapsulating data.
- ARP resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses and maintains address mappings in ARP tables to allow communication on Ethernet networks.
- LAN switches perform layer 2 switching using MAC address tables to filter and forward frames to appropriate ports, improving network performance over hubs.
The document discusses the key considerations for network design. It explains that hierarchical network design with core, distribution and access layers provides a stable, reliable and scalable network. The core layer focuses on high throughput and uptime. Distribution layer factors include traffic filtering, access control and route summarization. Access layer design considers physical layout, VLANs, traffic patterns and security risks. Server farms, wireless networks, and VPN implementations each have their own set of benefits and challenges to consider.
This document discusses networking concepts for small office networks, including devices, protocols, security measures, and expanding the network. Specifically, it covers selecting devices for a small network, common protocols and applications used, basic security threats and mitigation techniques, and considerations for scaling the network.
This document provides an overview of configuring the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) in ExtremeXOS. It describes RIP as a distance-vector routing protocol and discusses RIP version 1 and 2. The document outlines the steps to configure RIP, including enabling it on VLANs and globally, and verifies the RIP configuration. It also covers RIP concepts like routing loops, split horizon, poison reverse, and triggered updates. Students will learn how to configure, verify, and test RIP in the accompanying lab guide.
The document provides instructions for configuring a Cisco network device using Cisco IOS. It discusses setting the hostname, limiting access by configuring passwords for privileged EXEC, console, and VTY lines. It also covers encrypting passwords in the startup-config and running-config files using the service password-encryption command and adding banner messages.
The document provides instructions for configuring initial settings on a Cisco network device using Cisco IOS software, including configuring hostnames, limiting access to device configurations through passwords, and saving the running configuration. It describes assigning a unique hostname, securing privileged EXEC mode with the enable secret password, securing the console and virtual terminal lines with passwords and login, and using the service password-encryption command to encrypt passwords.
Cisco IOS is a multitasking operating system used on most Cisco routers and switches to configure routing, switching, and other network features. IOS can be accessed through the console port for initial configuration, remotely via Telnet or secure SSH. The device memory includes ROM for booting, RAM for the running configuration, Flash for software images, and NVRAM for the startup configuration. IOS has different modes including user EXEC for basic commands, privileged EXEC for viewing and changing configurations, and global configuration for modifying the device configuration.
This document provides instructions on configuring network devices using Cisco IOS software. It covers topics such as navigating the Cisco IOS command line interface, setting hostnames and passwords, saving configurations, assigning IP addresses, and testing connectivity. The document is divided into several sections that explain how to initially access Cisco devices, secure device access, configure basic settings like IP addressing, and verify connectivity between devices on the network.
This document provides an overview of configuring and accessing a Cisco IOS network operating system. It discusses that all networking equipment relies on operating systems like Cisco IOS. Cisco IOS is stored in flash memory and enables functions like routing, switching, and interface configuration. The document reviews methods for accessing Cisco devices like the console port, Telnet, SSH, and Aux port. It also covers IOS modes, navigating the CLI, and configuring basic settings like IP addresses and interfaces.
This document discusses securing Cisco routers. It covers topics like securing physical and remote access to routers, configuring administrative roles and views, and monitoring router activity. Some key points include assigning privilege levels to restrict commands, creating CLI views to control command access for different user roles, and using login features like quiet mode, block lists, and banners to restrict failed login attempts. The document provides examples of securing routers by configuring services like SSH and encrypting passwords.
The document discusses configuring basic settings on a Cisco switch, including:
- Setting the boot system to define the IOS image loaded during startup.
- Configuring switch management access by assigning an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway to the management VLAN.
- Configuring physical switch ports by setting the duplex and speed settings to match connected devices and troubleshooting common layer 1 and 2 issues.
- Securing remote access using SSH instead of Telnet by generating RSA key pairs, configuring user authentication, and enabling SSH version 2.
- Implementing port security to restrict which MAC addresses can transmit on switch ports and limit them to the configured number.
Operating Systems
Shell - The user interface that allows users to request specific tasks from the computer. These requests can be made either through the CLI or GUI interfaces.
Kernel - Communicates between the hardware and software of a computer and manages how hardware resources are used to meet software requirements.
Hardware - The physical part of a computer including underlying electronics.
Cisco IOS Access
GUI
A GUI allows the user to interact with the system using an environment of graphical icons, menus, and windows.
A GUI is more user-friendly and requires less knowledge of the underlying command structure that controls the system.
Examples of these are: Windows, macOS, Linux KDE, Apple iOS, and Android.
GUIs can fail, crash, or simply not operate as specified. For these reasons, network devices are typically accessed through a CLI.
PC operating system enables a user to do the following:
Use a mouse to make selections and run programs
Enter text and text-based commands
CLI-based network operating system enables a network technician to do the following:
Use a keyboard to run CLI-based network programs
Use a keyboard to enter text and text-based commands
View output on a monitor
Console – A physical management port used to access a device in order to provide maintenance, such as performing the initial configurations.
Secure Shell (SSH) – Establishes a secure remote CLI connection to a device, through a virtual interface, over a network. (Note: This is the recommended method for remotely connecting to a device.)
Telnet – Establishes an insecure remote CLI connection to a device over the network. (Note: User authentication, passwords, and commands are sent over the network in plaintext.)
This document provides an overview of the features and content covered in Module 2: Basic Switch and End Device Configuration. The module objectives are to implement initial settings including passwords, IP addressing, and default gateway parameters on a network switch and end devices. The module covers topics such as Cisco IOS access, IOS navigation, the command structure, basic device configuration, saving configurations, ports and addresses, configuring IP addressing, and verifying connectivity. Interactive features like animations, videos, quizzes and labs are included to help learners understand the concepts.
This document provides instructions for a lesson on securing network devices. It discusses concepts like router hardening, secure administrative access, and network monitoring techniques. It also outlines objectives like configuring a secure network perimeter and demonstrating secure router administration access. Finally, it provides details on implementing security features like banners, SSH, privilege levels, role-based CLI access, resilient configuration, and password recovery procedures.
CCNA Security 05- securing the management planeAhmed Habib
The document discusses securing the management plane of routers. It describes different perimeter security implementations like single router, defense-in-depth, and DMZ approaches. It also covers securing the physical router, operating system, and hardening the router. The document discusses configuring SSH and optional SSH commands. It describes connecting to routers via SSH and shows privilege levels, role-based CLI access, views and superviews. Other topics covered include resilient configuration, preventing password recovery, syslog, Cisco AutoSecure and associated commands.
This document provides information about Cisco router configuration and operation. It describes the internal and external components of Cisco routers, how to establish a console connection to configure a router, and explains the different modes of the Cisco IOS including user mode, privileged mode, and how to get context sensitive help. It also covers the initial startup process and configuration of a router through the setup command.
Cisco IOS is the operating system that controls routing and switching functions on Cisco networking devices. It allows routers and switches to function by running configuration files that control traffic flow. Understanding Cisco IOS is essential for network administrators to properly configure and manage Cisco devices on their networks.
The Cisco IOS is the operating system that controls the routing and switching functions of Cisco networking devices. It allows routers and switches to function by running configuration files that contain parameters controlling traffic flow. The IOS software is stored in flash memory and loads the startup configuration from NVRAM on bootup. Setting a hostname, banner, and passwords are among the first configuration tasks for a new router.
he content of the exams is proprietary.[4] Cisco and its learning partners offer a variety of different training methods,[5] including books published by Cisco Press, and online and classroom courses available under the title "Interconnecting Cisco Network Devices."
Cisco IOS is the operating system that controls routing and switching functions on Cisco networking devices. It allows routers and switches to function by running configuration files that control traffic flow. Understanding Cisco IOS is essential for network administrators to properly configure and manage Cisco devices on their networks.
Cisco IOS is the operating system that controls routing and switching functions on Cisco networking devices. It allows routers and switches to function by running configuration files that control traffic flow. Understanding Cisco IOS is essential for network administrators to properly configure and manage Cisco devices on their networks.
Similar to Ex 1 chapter11-configure-network-tony_chen (20)
This document provides an overview of IPv4 addressing and network fundamentals. It explains the structure of IPv4 addresses, how to convert between binary and decimal notation, and the different address types used in IPv4 networking, including network, broadcast, and host addresses. It also covers topics like network and subnet masks, unicast, broadcast and multicast traffic, and how to calculate network parameters like address ranges from a given network address and prefix length.
The document discusses the OSI network layer and IP networking concepts. It covers the basic functions of the network layer including addressing, encapsulation, routing, and decapsulation to enable communication between hosts. The key network layer protocol, IP, is examined in detail including its connectionless and best-effort design. The document also discusses how networks are logically separated to group hosts for improved performance, security, and address management.
The document discusses the Transport layer of the OSI model. It describes the key functions of the Transport layer, including enabling multiple applications to communicate simultaneously, ensuring reliable and ordered delivery of data, and employing error handling. The Transport layer provides port addressing to identify applications and segment/reassemble data streams. The two main Transport layer protocols, TCP and UDP, are examined in regards to their handling of reliability, flow control, segmentation and other functions.
This document discusses application layer protocols and services in computer networking. It begins by describing the seven-layer OSI model and how the application layer fits within this model. It then explains how several important TCP/IP application layer protocols function, such as HTTP, DNS, SMTP, and FTP. The document also discusses the client-server and peer-to-peer networking models and how application layer protocols enable communication between clients and servers or peers. It concludes by defining port numbers used by common application layer protocols and services.
Ex 1 chapter02-communicating-network-tony_chenĐô GiẢn
Network communications involve three main elements - a message source, destination, and channel between them. Messages are segmented into smaller pieces for transmission over the network to allow for multiple conversations and increased reliability. Network devices include end devices that interface with users and intermediary devices that direct traffic flow. Protocols govern network communications and are organized into protocol stacks, with lower layers focusing on transport and higher layers on applications. Standardized protocols enable different systems to communicate.
The document discusses the key elements of data networks that enable communication in today's world. It describes how networks connect various devices, allow the exchange of messages through different media, and require agreed-upon protocols or rules to govern how devices communicate. Specifically, it outlines how networks support essential human functions like learning, working, and playing by carrying voice, video, and other data between many types of connected devices.
This document discusses the application layer of the OSI and TCP/IP models. It describes how the application layer provides services to end users through protocols like HTTP, DNS, SMTP, and FTP. It also explains how application layer software like clients, services, and protocols allow users to communicate over the network and exchange data between devices using the client-server model. Servers store and deliver shared resources to client applications that request information.
This document discusses how networks have become integral to modern life. It describes how networks now allow constant communication globally, supporting education, work, healthcare and entertainment. Networks enable online classes, remote work, virtual meetings, and sharing information and media instantly worldwide. The document outlines various communication tools like instant messaging, blogs, wikis and podcasts that networks facilitate. It provides examples of how networks specifically aid learning, such as the Cisco Networking Academy program, and how they benefit businesses through intranets, extranets and remote work.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.