In this tutorial on 'What Is Ethernet?'. we will look into the way for how network devices access internet using the ethernet cables, why it is beneficial to use ethernet, along with types and advantages and disadvantages of using ethernet in the network.
The topics covered in this tutorial on 'What Is Ethernet?' are:
1. What Is Ethernet?
2. Why use Ethernet?
3. Types of Ethernet
4. Working of Ethernet
5. Advantages & Disadvantages of Ethernet
6. Ethernet vs Internet
Its about the need for standard in networking, and caters to IEEE 802 standard in detail. FI you want to listen to this lecture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVD5sOpA0lc
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances.
Ethernet is the traditional technology for connecting wired local area networks (LANs).
this slide describes ethernet its types and other aspects as well as its features
The TCP/IP protocol system is used by virtually every modern data network to quickly and reliably move data from node to node. This presentation covers what TCP/IP is, what it does, it’s most important features, and how it was developed.
In this tutorial on 'What Is Ethernet?'. we will look into the way for how network devices access internet using the ethernet cables, why it is beneficial to use ethernet, along with types and advantages and disadvantages of using ethernet in the network.
The topics covered in this tutorial on 'What Is Ethernet?' are:
1. What Is Ethernet?
2. Why use Ethernet?
3. Types of Ethernet
4. Working of Ethernet
5. Advantages & Disadvantages of Ethernet
6. Ethernet vs Internet
Its about the need for standard in networking, and caters to IEEE 802 standard in detail. FI you want to listen to this lecture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVD5sOpA0lc
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances.
Ethernet is the traditional technology for connecting wired local area networks (LANs).
this slide describes ethernet its types and other aspects as well as its features
The TCP/IP protocol system is used by virtually every modern data network to quickly and reliably move data from node to node. This presentation covers what TCP/IP is, what it does, it’s most important features, and how it was developed.
The Ethernet physical layer is the physical layer component of the Ethernet standard.
The Ethernet physical layer evolved over a considerable time span and encompasses quite a few physical media interfaces and several magnitudes of speed. The speed ranges from 1 Mbit/s to 100 Gbit/s in speed while the physical medium can range from bulky coaxial cable to twisted pair to optical fiber. In general, network protocol stack software will work similarly on all of the following types.
10 Gigabit Ethernet is becoming more popular in both enterprise and carrier networks, with 40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Ethernet now ratified. Higher speeds are under development. Metcalfe now believes commercial applications using terabit Ethernet may occur by 2015 though he says existing Ethernet standards may have to be overthrown to reach terabit Ethernet.ThesisScientist.com
Advanced TCP/IP-based Industrial Networking for Engineers & TechniciansLiving Online
This manual is for engineers and technicians who need a practical and extensive knowledge of the design and troubleshooting of Industrial Ethernet networks, as well as the selection, installation, and configuration of components such as routers and switches.
It deals in-depth with the underlying TCP/IP protocols, and specifically addresses both design and configuration issues related to IPv4 and the more recent IPv6.
It also covers the more advanced aspects and applications of Ethernet such as advanced switching and routing, CCTV over IP, OPC and Modbus/TCP over Ethernet, industrial security, intrinsically safe applications, switched rings (included the latest IEC 62439-3 redundant ring standard), and highly-deterministic Ethernet-based field buses (e.g. for servo control) capable of 1 millisecond repetition rates and jitter of less than 1 microsecond.
http://www.idc-online.com/content/advanced-tcpip-based-industrial-networking-engineers-and-technicians-21
Since its inception at Xerox Corporation in the early 1970s, Ethernet has been the dominant networking protocol. Of all current networking protocols, 10 Gigabit Ethernet builds on top of the Ethernet protocol, but increases speed tenfold over Fast Ethernet to 10000 Mbps, or 10 gigabit per second (Gbps). This protocol, which was standardized in august 2002, promises to be a dominant player in high-speed local area network backbones and server connectivity. Since10 Gigabit Ethernet significantly leverages on Ethernet, customers will be able to leverage their existi0ng knowledge base to manage and maintain gigabit networks.
Application of Information technology equipments and how they works and basic requirements ,how solutions are provided to clients as per the client need each and every step from initial stage to final process by SMEs(Small Medium Enterprises) Expressed through beautiful slides in easy and lay man way.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
2. 13.2
IEEE STANDARDSIEEE STANDARDS
In 1985, the Computer Society of the IEEE started aIn 1985, the Computer Society of the IEEE started a
project, called Project 802, to set standards to enableproject, called Project 802, to set standards to enable
intercommunication among equipment from a varietyintercommunication among equipment from a variety
of manufacturers. Project 802 is a way of specifyingof manufacturers. Project 802 is a way of specifying
functions of the physical layer and the data link layerfunctions of the physical layer and the data link layer
of major LAN protocols.of major LAN protocols.
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
Topics discussed in this section:Topics discussed in this section:
4. 13.4
STANDARD ETHERNETSTANDARD ETHERNET
The original Ethernet was created in 1976 at Xerox’sThe original Ethernet was created in 1976 at Xerox’s
Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Since then, it hasPalo Alto Research Center (PARC). Since then, it has
gone through four generations. We briefly discuss thegone through four generations. We briefly discuss the
Standard (or traditional) EthernetStandard (or traditional) Ethernet in this section.in this section.
MAC Sublayer
Physical Layer
Topics discussed in this section:Topics discussed in this section:
11. 13.11
The least significant bit of the first byte
defines the type of address.
If the bit is 0, the address is unicast;
otherwise, it is multicast.
Note
20. 13.20
CHANGES IN THE STANDARDCHANGES IN THE STANDARD
The 10-Mbps Standard Ethernet has gone throughThe 10-Mbps Standard Ethernet has gone through
several changes before moving to the higher dataseveral changes before moving to the higher data
rates. These changes actually opened the road to therates. These changes actually opened the road to the
evolution of the Ethernet to become compatible withevolution of the Ethernet to become compatible with
other high-data-rate LANs.other high-data-rate LANs.
Bridged Ethernet
Switched Ethernet
Full-Duplex Ethernet
Topics discussed in this section:Topics discussed in this section:
22. 13.22
A network with and without a bridge
A bridge divides the network into two or more networks. Bandwidth-wise, each network is
independent.
Example :
• A network with 12 stations is divided into two networks, each with 6 stations.
• Each network has a capacity of 10 Mbps.
• The 10-Mbps capacity in each segment is now shared between 6 stations
• In a network with a heavy load, each station theoretically is offered 10/6 Mbps instead
of 10/12 Mbps, assuming that the traffic is not going through the bridge.
26. FAST ETHERNETFAST ETHERNET
Fast Ethernet was designed to compete with LANFast Ethernet was designed to compete with LAN
protocols such as FDDI or Fiber Channel. IEEEprotocols such as FDDI or Fiber Channel. IEEE
created Fast Ethernet under the name 802.3u. Fastcreated Fast Ethernet under the name 802.3u. Fast
Ethernet is backward-compatible with StandardEthernet is backward-compatible with Standard
Ethernet, but it can transmit data 10 times faster at aEthernet, but it can transmit data 10 times faster at a
rate of 100 Mbps.rate of 100 Mbps.
1. Upgrade the data rate to 100 Mbps.
2. Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet
3. Keep the same 48-bit address
4. Keep the same frame format
5. Keep the same Min and Max frame length
The goal of Fast EthernetThe goal of Fast Ethernet
27. Autonegotiation
A new feature added Fast Ethernet is called autonegotiation. It allow two
devices to negotiate the mode Or data rate of operation.
It was designed particularly for the following purposes:
1.To allow incompatible devices to connect to one another.
2.To allow one devices to have multiple capabilities.
3.To allow a station to check a hub’s capabilities.
32. 13.32
13-5 GIGABIT ETHERNET13-5 GIGABIT ETHERNET
The need for an even higher data rate resulted in theThe need for an even higher data rate resulted in the
design of the Gigabit Ethernet protocol (1000 Mbps).design of the Gigabit Ethernet protocol (1000 Mbps).
The IEEE committee calls the standard 802.3z.The IEEE committee calls the standard 802.3z.
MAC Sublayer
Physical Layer
Ten-Gigabit Ethernet
Topics discussed in this section:Topics discussed in this section:
33. GIGABIT ETHERNETGIGABIT ETHERNET
1. Upgrade the data rate to 1 Gbps.
2. Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet & Fast
Ethernet
3. Keep the same 48-bit address
4. Keep the same frame format
5. Keep the same Min and Max frame length
6. To Support autonegotiation as define in Fast Ethernet
The goal of Gigabit EthernetThe goal of Gigabit Ethernet
34. 13.34
In the full-duplex mode of Gigabit
Ethernet, there is no collision;
the maximum length of the cable is
determined by the signal attenuation
in the cable.
Note
38. 13.38
1. Upgrade the data rate to 10 Gbps.
2. Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet, Fast
Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet
3. Keep the same 48-bit address
4. Keep the same frame format
5. Keep the same Min and Max frame length
6. Allow the interconnection of existing LANs into a
MAN or WAN
7. Make Ethernet compatible with technologies such as
Frame Relay and ATM.
The goal of Ten-Gigabit EthernetThe goal of Ten-Gigabit Ethernet
Ten- Gigabit Ethernet