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Discovering
    Computers 2011
    Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview


     Discuss the special                                                                      Describe and list general
                                              Identify information
         information                                                                          purpose and integrated
                                             systems and software
     requirements of an                                                                        information systems
                                             used in the functional
       enterprise-sized                                                                         used throughout an
                                             units of an enterprise
         corporation                                                                                 enterprise



                          Describe and list types of                Describe virtualization,
                             technologies used                      cloud computing, and
                          throughout an enterprise                     grid computing




See Page 719                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World                           2
for Detailed Objectives                                  Chapter 14
Objectives Overview

                Discuss the                                     Discuss high
            computer hardware                                    availability,
            needs and solutions                                scalability, and
             for an enterprise                                interoperability

                Determine why
                                                         Discuss the steps in
             computer backup is
                                                         a disaster recovery
             important and how
                                                                 plan
              it is accomplished
See Page 719              Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   3
for Detailed Objectives                      Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Enterprise computing involves the use of computers in networks,
  such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks
  that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols,
  and network architectures




Pages 720 – 721       Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   4
Figure 14-1                              Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Types of enterprises include:

             Retail               Manufacturing                               Service



           Wholesale                Government                           Educational



                                  Transportation

Page 722              Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World             5
                                         Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Most traditional enterprises are organized in a
  hierarchical manner




Pages 722 – 723   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   6
Figure 14-2                          Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of
  four categories:      Executive
                               Management

                                 Middle
                               Management


                     Operational Management


                  Nonmanagement Employees

Page 724          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   7
Figure 14-3                          Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Enterprise information is the information
  gathered in the ongoing operations of an
  enterprise-sized organization
       – Business intelligence
       – Business process management
       – Business process automation


           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click Business Process
           Management below Chapter 14
Pages 725 - 726                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   8
                                                            Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Managers coordinate resources by performing
  four activities
                                    Planning




              Controlling                                 Organizing




                                     Leading



Page 725         Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   9
Figure 14-4                         Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• An information system is a set of hardware,
  software, data, people, and procedures that work
  together to produce information




Page 726        Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   10
Figure 14-5                        Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Functional units within an enterprise might
  include:                                                    Marketing
                                          Manufacturing                             Sales


                         Engineering or
                            Product                                                               Distribution
                         Development




                Human                                                                                            Customer
               Resources                                                                                          Service




           Accounting                                                                                              Information
           and Finance                                      Enterprise                                             Technology




Page 727                                  Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World                                  11
                                                             Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Accounting software manages everyday transactions
• Billing software helps the company reconcile purchases
  with customer payments
• Financial software helps managers budget, forecast, and
  analyze




Pages 726 – 728   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   12
Figure 14-7                          Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

    • A human resources
      information system (HRIS)
      manages one or more
      human resources functions
    • Employee relationship
      management systems
      manage communication
      between employees and
      the business

              Click to view Web Link,
              click Chapter 14, Click Web
              Link from left navigation,
              then click ERM
              below Chapter 14
Page 728                                    Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   13
Figure 14-8                                                    Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Computer-aided design (CAD) uses a computer and
  special software to aid in engineering, drafting, and
  design
• Computer-aided engineering (CAE) uses computers to
  test product designs




Pages 728 – 729   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   14
Figure 14-9                          Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

    • Computer-aided
      manufacturing (CAM) is
      the use of computers to
      control production
      equipment
    • Computer-integrated
      manufacturing (CIM) uses
      computers to integrate
      the many different
      operations of the
      manufacturing process


Page 729            Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   15
Figure 14-10                           Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise
                                                           Material Requirements
                                                           Planning (MRP) uses
                                                           software to help monitor
                                                           and control processes
                                                           related to production

                                                                       Manufacturing Resource
                                                                       Planning II (MRP II) is an
                                                                       extension of MRP and
                                                                       also includes software
           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
                                                                       that helps in scheduling
           then click MRP II
           below Chapter 14
Pages 729 - 730                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World      16
                                                            Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

  A quality control system helps an
  organization maintain or improve the
  quality of its products or services

  A marketing information system serves
  as a central repository for the tasks of
  a marketing department
Page 730      Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   17
                                 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Sales force automation (SFA) software equips
  traveling salespeople with the electronic tools
  they need to be more productive




           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click SFA
           below Chapter 14
Pages 730 – 731                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   18
Figure 14-12                                                Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Distribution systems perform the following
  functions:
           Provide forecasting                       Manage and track
              for inventory                            shipping of
                 control                                products


                          Provide information
                            and analysis on
                             inventory in a
                               warehouse
Page 731           Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   19
                                      Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Customer interaction management (CIM)
  software manages the day-to-day interactions
  with customers




Page 731        Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   20
Figure 14-13                       Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• The information technology (IT) department makes
  technology decisions for the enterprise
      – Whether to build or buy new information systems
      – When a computer or information system has outlived its useful
        life
• Web site management programs collect data designed to
  help organizations make informed decisions regarding
  their Web presence

           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click IT Departments
           below Chapter 14
Page 732                                 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   21
                                                            Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• General purpose information systems generally
  fall into one of five categories

               Office                    Transaction                               Management
           Information                   Processing                                Information
              System                       System                                     System



                         Decision
                         Support                              Expert System
                         System

Page 732                   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World                 22
                                              Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Batch processing vs. online transaction processing




Page 733        Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   23
Figure 14-14                       Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

       Management Information System                           Decision Support System




Pages 734 – 735          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World           24
Figures 14-15 – 14-16                       Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise




Page 736       Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   25
Figure 14-17                      Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise


 Integrated Information Systems
Customer relationship
                       Enterprise resource
management manages                                                      Content management
                        planning provides
  information about                                                           systems are
                      centralized, integrated
      customers,                                                         information systems
                         software to help
   interactions with                                                         that combine
                           manage and
    customers, past                                                      databases, software,
                       coordinate ongoing
    purchases, and                                                          and procedures
                             activities
       interests


Pages 737 - 739      Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World                  26
                                        Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise




           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click ERP
           below Chapter 14
Page 738                                 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   27
Figure 14-18                                                Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise




Page 739       Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   28
Figure 14-19                      Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Some technologies used in enterprises include:
                                                                                         Electronic
                                                         Data
                             Portals                                                        data
                                                      warehouses
                                                                                        interchange

                                                                                        Document
                          Extranets                  Web services                      management
                                                                                         systems

                                                                          Virtual
           Click to view Web Link,       Workflow                         private
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,                                    networks
           then click Data Centers
           below Chapter 14
Page 740                                  Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World       29
                                                             Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A portal is a collection of links, content, and
  services presented on a Web page that are
  interesting for a particular job function




Pages 740 – 741   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   30
Figure 14-20                         Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A data warehouse is a huge database that stores
  and manages the data required to analyze
  historical and current transactions




Page 741        Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   31
Figure 14-21                       Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies


 EDI is a set of standards that controls the transfer
 of business data and information among
 computers both within and among enterprises

 An extranet is the portion of a company’s network
 that allows customers or suppliers of a company to
 access parts of an enterprise’s intranet

Page 742         Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   32
                                    Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Web services allow businesses to create products
  and B2B interactions over the Internet




           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click Web Services
           below Chapter 14
Pages 742 – 743                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   33
Figure 14-22                                                Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• In a service-oriented architecture, information
  systems provide services to other information
  systems in a well-defined manner over a network
• A document management system (DMS) allows
  for storage and management of a company’s
  documents
      – Stored in a repository



Page 743              Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   34
                                         Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A workflow is a defined process that identifies the
  specific set of steps involved in completing a
  particular project or business process
       – Workflow application




Page 744             Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   35
Figure 14-23                            Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A virtual private network (VPN) provides mobile
  users, vendors, and customers with a secure
  connection to the company network server




Pages 744 – 745   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   36
Figure 14-24                         Chapter 14
Virtualization and Cloud Computing

• Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling
  computing resources

            Server                                   • Provides the capability to divide a
                                                       physical server logically into many
        virtualization                                 virtual servers


           Storage                                   • Provides the capability to create a
                                                       single logical storage device from
        virtualization                                 many physical storage devices
           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click Virtualization
           below Chapter 14
Pages 745 - 746                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   37
                                                            Chapter 14
Virtualization and Cloud Computing

           Cloud computing is an
            Internet service that
            provides computing
             needs to computer
                   users

                                                         Grid computing combines
                                                       many servers and/or personal
                                                       computers on a network to act
                                                          as one large computer


Page 746                   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World       38
                                              Chapter 14
E-Commerce




Page 747       Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   39
Figure 14-25                      Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• Enterprise hardware allows large organizations to
  manage and store information and data using
  devices geared for:
      – Heavy use
      – Maximum availability
      – Maximum efficiency
• RAID duplicates data and
  implements duplication
  in different ways

Pages 748 – 749      Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   40
Figure 14-27                            Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• Network attached storage (NAS) is a server that
  provides storage to users and information systems
  attached to the network




Page 749        Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   41
Figure 14-28a                      Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• A storage area network (SAN) is a high-speed
  network that provides storage to other servers to
  which it is attached




           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click NAS and SAN
           below Chapter 14
Pages 749 - 750                          Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   42
Figure 14-28b                                               Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

    • An enterprise storage
      system is a strategy that
      focuses on the
      availability, protection,
      organization, and
      backup of storage in a
      company
    • Goal is to consolidate
      storage


Page 750             Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   43
Figure 14-29                            Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

                                                                    • A blade server packs a
                                                                      complete computer
                                                                      server on a single card
                                                                      (called a blade) rather
                                                                      than a system unit
                                                                    • The individual blades
                                                                      insert in a blade server
                                                                      chassis
           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click Blade Servers
           below Chapter 14
Page 751                                 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   44
Figure 14-30                                                Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• A thin client is a small terminal-like computer that
  mostly relies on a server for data storage and
  processing
• The processing for a thin client usually is done on
  a server




Page 752         Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   45
Figure 14-31                        Chapter 14
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
• A high-availability system continues running and
  performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the
  time
      – May include hot-swapping
        and redundant components
             • When a component fails, another
               component takes over and the
               system continues to function



Pages 752 – 753           Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   46
Figure 14-32                                 Chapter 14
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
    • Scalability is a measure                  • Interoperability is the
      of how well computer                        ability for an
      hardware, software, or                      information system to
      an information system                       share information with
      can grow to meet                            other information
      increasing performance                      systems within an
      demands                                     enterprise




Page 753             Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   47
                                        Chapter 14
Backup Procedures




Page 754       Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   48
Figure 14-33                      Chapter 14
Backup Procedures

• Continuous data protection provides automatic
  data backup whenever data is changed in an
  enterprise




Pages 754 – 755   Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   49
Figure 14-34                         Chapter 14
Backup Procedures

• A disaster recovery plan is a written plan describing the
  steps a company would take to restore computer
  operations in the event of a disaster
• Contains four major components


Emergency                                      Backup                          Recovery
                                                                                                       Test plan
  plan                                          plan                             plan

           Click to view Web Link,
           click Chapter 14, Click Web
           Link from left navigation,
           then click Disaster Recovery Plan
           below Chapter 14
Pages 755 - 756                                Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World           50
                                                                  Chapter 14
Video: A Tour of Lucasfilm Data Center




                           CLICK TO START

            Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World   51
                               Chapter 14
Summary


  Special computing
                                   Various types of
requirements present                                                             Large information
                                   users within an
in an enterprise-sized                                                                systems
                                    organization
     organization


       Benefits of                                                               Backup procedures
                               Requirements for
   virtualization and                                                             present in a large
                              enterprise hardware
   cloud computing                                                                  organization



Page 757                 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World                         52
                                            Chapter 14
Discovering
    Computers 2011
    Living in a Digital World


    Chapter 14 Complete

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Enterprise Computing

  • 1. Discovering Computers 2011 Living in a Digital World
  • 2. Objectives Overview Discuss the special Describe and list general Identify information information purpose and integrated systems and software requirements of an information systems used in the functional enterprise-sized used throughout an units of an enterprise corporation enterprise Describe and list types of Describe virtualization, technologies used cloud computing, and throughout an enterprise grid computing See Page 719 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 2 for Detailed Objectives Chapter 14
  • 3. Objectives Overview Discuss the Discuss high computer hardware availability, needs and solutions scalability, and for an enterprise interoperability Determine why Discuss the steps in computer backup is a disaster recovery important and how plan it is accomplished See Page 719 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 3 for Detailed Objectives Chapter 14
  • 4. What Is Enterprise Computing? • Enterprise computing involves the use of computers in networks, such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols, and network architectures Pages 720 – 721 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 4 Figure 14-1 Chapter 14
  • 5. What Is Enterprise Computing? • Types of enterprises include: Retail Manufacturing Service Wholesale Government Educational Transportation Page 722 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 5 Chapter 14
  • 6. What Is Enterprise Computing? • Most traditional enterprises are organized in a hierarchical manner Pages 722 – 723 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 6 Figure 14-2 Chapter 14
  • 7. What Is Enterprise Computing? • In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of four categories: Executive Management Middle Management Operational Management Nonmanagement Employees Page 724 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 7 Figure 14-3 Chapter 14
  • 8. What Is Enterprise Computing? • Enterprise information is the information gathered in the ongoing operations of an enterprise-sized organization – Business intelligence – Business process management – Business process automation Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Business Process Management below Chapter 14 Pages 725 - 726 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 8 Chapter 14
  • 9. What Is Enterprise Computing? • Managers coordinate resources by performing four activities Planning Controlling Organizing Leading Page 725 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 9 Figure 14-4 Chapter 14
  • 10. Information Systems in the Enterprise • An information system is a set of hardware, software, data, people, and procedures that work together to produce information Page 726 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 10 Figure 14-5 Chapter 14
  • 11. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Functional units within an enterprise might include: Marketing Manufacturing Sales Engineering or Product Distribution Development Human Customer Resources Service Accounting Information and Finance Enterprise Technology Page 727 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 11 Chapter 14
  • 12. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Accounting software manages everyday transactions • Billing software helps the company reconcile purchases with customer payments • Financial software helps managers budget, forecast, and analyze Pages 726 – 728 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 12 Figure 14-7 Chapter 14
  • 13. Information Systems in the Enterprise • A human resources information system (HRIS) manages one or more human resources functions • Employee relationship management systems manage communication between employees and the business Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click ERM below Chapter 14 Page 728 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 13 Figure 14-8 Chapter 14
  • 14. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Computer-aided design (CAD) uses a computer and special software to aid in engineering, drafting, and design • Computer-aided engineering (CAE) uses computers to test product designs Pages 728 – 729 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 14 Figure 14-9 Chapter 14
  • 15. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the use of computers to control production equipment • Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) uses computers to integrate the many different operations of the manufacturing process Page 729 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 15 Figure 14-10 Chapter 14
  • 16. Information Systems in the Enterprise Material Requirements Planning (MRP) uses software to help monitor and control processes related to production Manufacturing Resource Planning II (MRP II) is an extension of MRP and also includes software Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, that helps in scheduling then click MRP II below Chapter 14 Pages 729 - 730 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 16 Chapter 14
  • 17. Information Systems in the Enterprise A quality control system helps an organization maintain or improve the quality of its products or services A marketing information system serves as a central repository for the tasks of a marketing department Page 730 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 17 Chapter 14
  • 18. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Sales force automation (SFA) software equips traveling salespeople with the electronic tools they need to be more productive Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click SFA below Chapter 14 Pages 730 – 731 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 18 Figure 14-12 Chapter 14
  • 19. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Distribution systems perform the following functions: Provide forecasting Manage and track for inventory shipping of control products Provide information and analysis on inventory in a warehouse Page 731 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 19 Chapter 14
  • 20. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Customer interaction management (CIM) software manages the day-to-day interactions with customers Page 731 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 20 Figure 14-13 Chapter 14
  • 21. Information Systems in the Enterprise • The information technology (IT) department makes technology decisions for the enterprise – Whether to build or buy new information systems – When a computer or information system has outlived its useful life • Web site management programs collect data designed to help organizations make informed decisions regarding their Web presence Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click IT Departments below Chapter 14 Page 732 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 21 Chapter 14
  • 22. Information Systems in the Enterprise • General purpose information systems generally fall into one of five categories Office Transaction Management Information Processing Information System System System Decision Support Expert System System Page 732 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 22 Chapter 14
  • 23. Information Systems in the Enterprise • Batch processing vs. online transaction processing Page 733 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 23 Figure 14-14 Chapter 14
  • 24. Information Systems in the Enterprise Management Information System Decision Support System Pages 734 – 735 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 24 Figures 14-15 – 14-16 Chapter 14
  • 25. Information Systems in the Enterprise Page 736 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 25 Figure 14-17 Chapter 14
  • 26. Information Systems in the Enterprise Integrated Information Systems Customer relationship Enterprise resource management manages Content management planning provides information about systems are centralized, integrated customers, information systems software to help interactions with that combine manage and customers, past databases, software, coordinate ongoing purchases, and and procedures activities interests Pages 737 - 739 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 26 Chapter 14
  • 27. Information Systems in the Enterprise Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click ERP below Chapter 14 Page 738 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 27 Figure 14-18 Chapter 14
  • 28. Information Systems in the Enterprise Page 739 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 28 Figure 14-19 Chapter 14
  • 29. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • Some technologies used in enterprises include: Electronic Data Portals data warehouses interchange Document Extranets Web services management systems Virtual Click to view Web Link, Workflow private click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, networks then click Data Centers below Chapter 14 Page 740 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 29 Chapter 14
  • 30. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • A portal is a collection of links, content, and services presented on a Web page that are interesting for a particular job function Pages 740 – 741 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 30 Figure 14-20 Chapter 14
  • 31. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • A data warehouse is a huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions Page 741 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 31 Figure 14-21 Chapter 14
  • 32. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies EDI is a set of standards that controls the transfer of business data and information among computers both within and among enterprises An extranet is the portion of a company’s network that allows customers or suppliers of a company to access parts of an enterprise’s intranet Page 742 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 32 Chapter 14
  • 33. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • Web services allow businesses to create products and B2B interactions over the Internet Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Web Services below Chapter 14 Pages 742 – 743 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 33 Figure 14-22 Chapter 14
  • 34. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • In a service-oriented architecture, information systems provide services to other information systems in a well-defined manner over a network • A document management system (DMS) allows for storage and management of a company’s documents – Stored in a repository Page 743 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 34 Chapter 14
  • 35. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • A workflow is a defined process that identifies the specific set of steps involved in completing a particular project or business process – Workflow application Page 744 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 35 Figure 14-23 Chapter 14
  • 36. Enterprise-Wide Technologies and Methodologies • A virtual private network (VPN) provides mobile users, vendors, and customers with a secure connection to the company network server Pages 744 – 745 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 36 Figure 14-24 Chapter 14
  • 37. Virtualization and Cloud Computing • Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources Server • Provides the capability to divide a physical server logically into many virtualization virtual servers Storage • Provides the capability to create a single logical storage device from virtualization many physical storage devices Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Virtualization below Chapter 14 Pages 745 - 746 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 37 Chapter 14
  • 38. Virtualization and Cloud Computing Cloud computing is an Internet service that provides computing needs to computer users Grid computing combines many servers and/or personal computers on a network to act as one large computer Page 746 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 38 Chapter 14
  • 39. E-Commerce Page 747 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 39 Figure 14-25 Chapter 14
  • 40. Enterprise Hardware • Enterprise hardware allows large organizations to manage and store information and data using devices geared for: – Heavy use – Maximum availability – Maximum efficiency • RAID duplicates data and implements duplication in different ways Pages 748 – 749 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 40 Figure 14-27 Chapter 14
  • 41. Enterprise Hardware • Network attached storage (NAS) is a server that provides storage to users and information systems attached to the network Page 749 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 41 Figure 14-28a Chapter 14
  • 42. Enterprise Hardware • A storage area network (SAN) is a high-speed network that provides storage to other servers to which it is attached Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click NAS and SAN below Chapter 14 Pages 749 - 750 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 42 Figure 14-28b Chapter 14
  • 43. Enterprise Hardware • An enterprise storage system is a strategy that focuses on the availability, protection, organization, and backup of storage in a company • Goal is to consolidate storage Page 750 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 43 Figure 14-29 Chapter 14
  • 44. Enterprise Hardware • A blade server packs a complete computer server on a single card (called a blade) rather than a system unit • The individual blades insert in a blade server chassis Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Blade Servers below Chapter 14 Page 751 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 44 Figure 14-30 Chapter 14
  • 45. Enterprise Hardware • A thin client is a small terminal-like computer that mostly relies on a server for data storage and processing • The processing for a thin client usually is done on a server Page 752 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 45 Figure 14-31 Chapter 14
  • 46. High Availability, Scalability, and Interoperability • A high-availability system continues running and performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the time – May include hot-swapping and redundant components • When a component fails, another component takes over and the system continues to function Pages 752 – 753 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 46 Figure 14-32 Chapter 14
  • 47. High Availability, Scalability, and Interoperability • Scalability is a measure • Interoperability is the of how well computer ability for an hardware, software, or information system to an information system share information with can grow to meet other information increasing performance systems within an demands enterprise Page 753 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 47 Chapter 14
  • 48. Backup Procedures Page 754 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 48 Figure 14-33 Chapter 14
  • 49. Backup Procedures • Continuous data protection provides automatic data backup whenever data is changed in an enterprise Pages 754 – 755 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 49 Figure 14-34 Chapter 14
  • 50. Backup Procedures • A disaster recovery plan is a written plan describing the steps a company would take to restore computer operations in the event of a disaster • Contains four major components Emergency Backup Recovery Test plan plan plan plan Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 14, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Disaster Recovery Plan below Chapter 14 Pages 755 - 756 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 50 Chapter 14
  • 51. Video: A Tour of Lucasfilm Data Center CLICK TO START Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 51 Chapter 14
  • 52. Summary Special computing Various types of requirements present Large information users within an in an enterprise-sized systems organization organization Benefits of Backup procedures Requirements for virtualization and present in a large enterprise hardware cloud computing organization Page 757 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 52 Chapter 14
  • 53. Discovering Computers 2011 Living in a Digital World Chapter 14 Complete