This document discusses computer security risks and techniques to protect against unauthorized access and use. It defines computer security risks and describes various types of cybercrime perpetrators. Various types of Internet and network attacks like viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and rootkits are explained. Symptoms of an infected computer and safeguards against hardware theft, vandalism, and malicious infections are presented. Users can take precautions like using antivirus software, firewalls, and strong passwords to safeguard against attacks.
The document summarizes input devices for computers, including keyboards, mice, pointing devices, controllers, voice recognition, cameras, scanners, terminals, and biometric devices. It describes how each device works and provides input. It also recommends different input configurations for various users like home, mobile, and business.
This chapter discusses computer communications and networks. It describes the components needed for successful communications including sending and receiving devices, communications software, and transmission media. Various network types such as LANs, WANs, intranets and extranets are defined. Common network devices like routers, hubs, switches and wireless access points are explained. Both physical wired media like twisted pair and fiber optic cables and wireless transmission media are covered. Network standards including Ethernet, TCP/IP, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and others are also outlined.
Malware refers to unwanted software that can damage computers, including viruses, trojans, worms, spyware, and more. Viruses attach to files and programs to spread without permission and can damage systems. Trojans also spread unwittingly but allow hackers to access and control infected devices. Worms multiply to use up memory and resources. Spyware collects personal information without consent. Users can protect against malware through antivirus software, firewalls, safe computing habits like avoiding suspicious downloads and emails, and using strong passwords.
CH. 5 Computer Security and Safety, Ethics and Privacymalik1972
This document discusses various computer security risks and safeguards. It covers topics like network attacks, unauthorized access, hardware and software theft, information theft, system failure, wireless security risks, health issues from computer use, and ethical issues around information privacy and intellectual property. The document provides details on different types of attacks, safeguarding measures, laws around privacy, and strategies for backups, encryption, authentication, and more to help protect computers and data from risks.
This document discusses various topics related to computer security including risks, attacks, safeguards, and ethics. It describes common security threats like viruses, hacking, denial of service attacks, and information theft. It also outlines methods to identify users, protect against threats, and investigate security incidents through digital forensics. Safeguards include firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, and physical access controls.
Data backup involves copying files and data to external or online storage so they are preserved if the original files are lost or damaged. Reasons for data loss include hardware failures, viruses, file corruption, and disasters. The main purpose of data backup is to avoid data loss of important financial, customer, and company information that would be difficult to replace. Backup options include external drives, internal drives, department servers, online backup sites, and cloud storage services.
1. The document lists beep codes and their descriptions for different BIOS manufacturers including AMI, Award, and IBM. Common beep codes indicate issues with RAM, display memory, ROM, cache memory, and other components.
2. A long beep followed by two short beeps from an AMI BIOS indicates a video error where the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen.
3. Beep patterns from an Award BIOS can indicate no power, loose cards, memory issues, motherboard issues, or different types of video/display errors.
The document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC) which includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, operation, and maintenance phases. In the planning phase, project requests are reviewed and resources are allocated. The analysis phase involves preliminary investigation and detailed analysis to understand user needs and recommend solutions. Tools used in analysis include entity-relationship diagrams, data flow diagrams, and a project dictionary.
The document summarizes input devices for computers, including keyboards, mice, pointing devices, controllers, voice recognition, cameras, scanners, terminals, and biometric devices. It describes how each device works and provides input. It also recommends different input configurations for various users like home, mobile, and business.
This chapter discusses computer communications and networks. It describes the components needed for successful communications including sending and receiving devices, communications software, and transmission media. Various network types such as LANs, WANs, intranets and extranets are defined. Common network devices like routers, hubs, switches and wireless access points are explained. Both physical wired media like twisted pair and fiber optic cables and wireless transmission media are covered. Network standards including Ethernet, TCP/IP, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and others are also outlined.
Malware refers to unwanted software that can damage computers, including viruses, trojans, worms, spyware, and more. Viruses attach to files and programs to spread without permission and can damage systems. Trojans also spread unwittingly but allow hackers to access and control infected devices. Worms multiply to use up memory and resources. Spyware collects personal information without consent. Users can protect against malware through antivirus software, firewalls, safe computing habits like avoiding suspicious downloads and emails, and using strong passwords.
CH. 5 Computer Security and Safety, Ethics and Privacymalik1972
This document discusses various computer security risks and safeguards. It covers topics like network attacks, unauthorized access, hardware and software theft, information theft, system failure, wireless security risks, health issues from computer use, and ethical issues around information privacy and intellectual property. The document provides details on different types of attacks, safeguarding measures, laws around privacy, and strategies for backups, encryption, authentication, and more to help protect computers and data from risks.
This document discusses various topics related to computer security including risks, attacks, safeguards, and ethics. It describes common security threats like viruses, hacking, denial of service attacks, and information theft. It also outlines methods to identify users, protect against threats, and investigate security incidents through digital forensics. Safeguards include firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, and physical access controls.
Data backup involves copying files and data to external or online storage so they are preserved if the original files are lost or damaged. Reasons for data loss include hardware failures, viruses, file corruption, and disasters. The main purpose of data backup is to avoid data loss of important financial, customer, and company information that would be difficult to replace. Backup options include external drives, internal drives, department servers, online backup sites, and cloud storage services.
1. The document lists beep codes and their descriptions for different BIOS manufacturers including AMI, Award, and IBM. Common beep codes indicate issues with RAM, display memory, ROM, cache memory, and other components.
2. A long beep followed by two short beeps from an AMI BIOS indicates a video error where the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen.
3. Beep patterns from an Award BIOS can indicate no power, loose cards, memory issues, motherboard issues, or different types of video/display errors.
The document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC) which includes planning, analysis, design, implementation, operation, and maintenance phases. In the planning phase, project requests are reviewed and resources are allocated. The analysis phase involves preliminary investigation and detailed analysis to understand user needs and recommend solutions. Tools used in analysis include entity-relationship diagrams, data flow diagrams, and a project dictionary.
The document summarizes Chapter 2 of Discovering Computers. It discusses the history and structure of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how to browse, navigate, search and publish on the web as well as e-commerce. Other internet services covered include email, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, FTP, newsgroups and message boards. The chapter concludes with a discussion of netiquette rules for appropriate online behavior.
Malware is malicious software that performs unwanted tasks like transmitting browsing data to third parties. There are several types of malware: viruses replicate and spread by damaging files; spyware monitors user activity without permission; adware displays ads; scareware tricks users; worms copy themselves slowing devices; Trojan horses contain harmful code; spam floods the internet for advertising or phishing; and rootkits transmit sensitive data by hiding in devices. Users should use updated antivirus software to detect and remove malware.
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines software as a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform tasks. It describes system software, such as operating systems and utilities, which provide a platform for other software to run. It also discusses application software, such as word processors and spreadsheets, which help users perform tasks. The document provides examples of different categories of software like proprietary, open-source, and free software. It explains key system software concepts like compilers, interpreters, boot processes, and device drivers.
With Remote Desktop Connection, you can connect to a computer running Windows from another computer running Windows that's connected to the same network or to the Internet. For example, you can use all of your work computer's programs, files, and network resources from your home computer, and it's just like you're sitting in front of your computer at work.
To connect to a remote computer, that computer must be turned on, it must have a network connection, Remote Desktop must be enabled, you must have network access to the remote computer (this could be through the Internet), and you must have permission to connect. For permission to connect, you must be on the list of users. Before you start a connection, it's a good idea to look up the name of the computer you're connecting to and to make sure Remote Desktop connections are allowed through its firewall.
To find the Remote Desktop Connection shortcut, click the Start button Start button, click All Programs, and then click Accessories. To quickly open Remote Desktop Connection, click the Start button Start button, type mstsc in the search box, and then press Enter.
Redirecting a device on your computer makes it available for use in a Remote Desktop session. If a Remote Desktop Connection dialog box appears after you click Connect and enter your credentials, you can redirect local devices and resources, such as your local drives or Clipboard. Click Details, and then select the check box for each item you want to redirect.
Introduction to Network Applications & Network ServicesMuhammadRizaHilmi
This document introduces various network applications and network services. It discusses how common applications like web browsers, email clients, instant messengers, and others access remote resources through servers. Network applications allow users to communicate, work, study, and entertain themselves in new ways due to instant access provided by networks. Examples are provided of both network applications and the servers that provide various services to clients.
The document provides troubleshooting tips for common PC problems related to hardware components like the power supply unit (PSU), motherboard, and BIOS. It discusses symptoms of PSU issues like no power, intermittent power, power but no display, and noise. Troubleshooting techniques emphasized are being methodical, eliminating potential causes one by one, and seeking assistance from online communities if problems persist.
The document provides information about configuring and administering a server. It discusses server specifications, compatibility, configuration and testing. It defines what a server and network operating system are. The document outlines different server types including file, print, application, mail, terminal and remote access servers. It also covers client support, communication, users and groups, Windows server editions, UNIX/Linux servers, network computer groups, and items that need to be configured on a server like services, authentication, and authorization.
it is all about types of server. And in this file defines all the types of servers and detail of all type. And after this you will be able to know about all server types and details of these servers.
The document provides an overview of objectives for Chapter 3 of Discovering Computers 2012, which includes summarizing different types of application software such as business, graphics, multimedia, personal, and communications software. It also discusses how application software works with operating systems and utility programs, as well as learning tools available for application software including online help, web-based help, and web-based training.
This document provides guidance on performing preventative maintenance on a computer to improve performance and extend its lifespan. It recommends cleaning the external components like the monitor, keyboard, and mouse regularly, as dust can accumulate quickly. Internally, it suggests using the Disk Cleanup and Disk Defragmenter tools periodically to free up hard drive space and optimize file placement. It also stresses the importance of installing operating system and software updates, scanning for viruses regularly, and backing up files in case of hardware failure or malware infection. Regular maintenance through cleaning, optimization, and backup is presented as an effective way to care for a computer over time.
This document provides objectives for a chapter that discusses computer communications and networks. It begins by defining computer communications and its basic components. It then lists several objectives related to differentiating between various network types like LANs, MANs, and WANs; network architectures like client/server and peer-to-peer; and network topologies like star, bus, and ring networks. It also describes various uses of computer communications technologies and standards used for network communications.
CSS LESSON Application software or App is a program or group of programs designed for end-users. This contrasts with system software, which is mainly involved with running the computer. Some examples of these applications are spreadsheet, word processor, web browser, accounting application, email client, media player, file viewer, simulators, console game, a photo editor. Applications may be classified as proprietary, open-source, or projects and may be bundled with the computer and its system software or published separately. Apps built for mobile platforms are called mobile apps.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on information technology. It outlines the course requirements, including exams, assignments, and a final project that contribute to the overall grade. It also describes lecture notes, written assignments, presentations, and other class activities. Tips are provided on how to earn more marks, such as avoiding plagiarism and demonstrating a strong work ethic. The course aims to teach basic computer knowledge, hardware, office applications, and internet skills.
Proxy servers act as intermediaries between internal network clients and the internet. They screen requests, cache content to improve performance, and can anonymize users' IP addresses. Anonymizers like VPNs also anonymize users by routing their traffic through encrypted tunnels to hide their real IP addresses and locations. Phishing scams try to steal users' sensitive information like login credentials by tricking them into entering information on fake websites masquerading as legitimate ones. Educating users and technical measures can help combat phishing.
This document discusses various methods of computer output and output devices. It describes display devices like LCD monitors, plasma monitors, and televisions. It explains different types of printers like inkjet printers, laser printers, and multifunction peripherals. It also covers audio output devices like speakers, headphones and earbuds. Other output devices discussed include data projectors, interactive whiteboards, and accessories for disabled users. The document provides details on the characteristics and uses of these common computer output hardware.
This document defines and describes different types of malware like viruses, Trojan horses, spyware, adware, and worms. It explains that viruses replicate and spread by damaging files, while spyware monitors user internet activity without permission. Adware displays advertising banners and worms copy themselves across devices and networks to slow them down. The document advises on protecting devices from these malicious software programs.
Computer system and network configurationVon Alvarez
This document discusses computer network configurations. It defines a computer network as interconnecting two or more computers. There are two main types of networks: local area networks (LANs) which connect computers within a single location, and wide area networks (WANs) which span larger distances using phone or satellite links. Setting up a network involves designing the network type and hardware, rolling out the physical infrastructure like cables and servers, configuring user accounts and shared resources, and ongoing management like security, backups, and troubleshooting issues.
Beep codes from computers provide troubleshooting information about startup issues. A single beep indicates a normal startup. Multiple short beeps, like two or three, usually relate to memory problems. Five beeps point to issues with the motherboard or CPU, while beeps like six or seven mean problems with the CPU or motherboard chips. The number of beeps corresponds to specific components that may need repair or replacement.
This document discusses anti-virus software. It begins with an introduction to anti-virus software and what it is used for. Then it discusses the history of anti-virus software and how it originated in response to early computer viruses and malware. It also covers different types of anti-virus software like firewalls, network layer firewalls, proxy servers, and application layer firewalls. It describes how anti-virus software works to identify, prevent and remove malware like viruses, adware, and spyware. Common types of anti-virus detection methods are also summarized such as signature-based detection, heuristics, rootkit detection, and real-time protection.
This document discusses several types of computer security risks and methods to reduce risks. It describes common computer crimes like software piracy, hacking, and computer sabotage using malware. It also discusses how these risks affect personal privacy and intellectual property. Finally, it provides recommendations for protecting systems through physical access restrictions, passwords, firewalls, encryption, backups, and RAID technology to safeguard data integrity and availability.
Chapter 11 computer security and safety, ethics, and privacyhaider ali
This document provides an overview of the key topics and objectives covered in Chapter 11 of Discovering Computers 2012, which discusses computer security risks, Internet and network attacks, unauthorized access, hardware theft, software piracy, system failure, backing up data, wireless security, health concerns of computer use, ethics and privacy issues, and content filtering. The chapter examines potential computer risks and safeguards, wireless security risks and safeguards, computer-related health issues and preventions, and ethical issues surrounding topics such as information accuracy, intellectual property, privacy, and green computing.
The document summarizes Chapter 2 of Discovering Computers. It discusses the history and structure of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how to browse, navigate, search and publish on the web as well as e-commerce. Other internet services covered include email, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, FTP, newsgroups and message boards. The chapter concludes with a discussion of netiquette rules for appropriate online behavior.
Malware is malicious software that performs unwanted tasks like transmitting browsing data to third parties. There are several types of malware: viruses replicate and spread by damaging files; spyware monitors user activity without permission; adware displays ads; scareware tricks users; worms copy themselves slowing devices; Trojan horses contain harmful code; spam floods the internet for advertising or phishing; and rootkits transmit sensitive data by hiding in devices. Users should use updated antivirus software to detect and remove malware.
The document discusses different types of computer software. It defines software as a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform tasks. It describes system software, such as operating systems and utilities, which provide a platform for other software to run. It also discusses application software, such as word processors and spreadsheets, which help users perform tasks. The document provides examples of different categories of software like proprietary, open-source, and free software. It explains key system software concepts like compilers, interpreters, boot processes, and device drivers.
With Remote Desktop Connection, you can connect to a computer running Windows from another computer running Windows that's connected to the same network or to the Internet. For example, you can use all of your work computer's programs, files, and network resources from your home computer, and it's just like you're sitting in front of your computer at work.
To connect to a remote computer, that computer must be turned on, it must have a network connection, Remote Desktop must be enabled, you must have network access to the remote computer (this could be through the Internet), and you must have permission to connect. For permission to connect, you must be on the list of users. Before you start a connection, it's a good idea to look up the name of the computer you're connecting to and to make sure Remote Desktop connections are allowed through its firewall.
To find the Remote Desktop Connection shortcut, click the Start button Start button, click All Programs, and then click Accessories. To quickly open Remote Desktop Connection, click the Start button Start button, type mstsc in the search box, and then press Enter.
Redirecting a device on your computer makes it available for use in a Remote Desktop session. If a Remote Desktop Connection dialog box appears after you click Connect and enter your credentials, you can redirect local devices and resources, such as your local drives or Clipboard. Click Details, and then select the check box for each item you want to redirect.
Introduction to Network Applications & Network ServicesMuhammadRizaHilmi
This document introduces various network applications and network services. It discusses how common applications like web browsers, email clients, instant messengers, and others access remote resources through servers. Network applications allow users to communicate, work, study, and entertain themselves in new ways due to instant access provided by networks. Examples are provided of both network applications and the servers that provide various services to clients.
The document provides troubleshooting tips for common PC problems related to hardware components like the power supply unit (PSU), motherboard, and BIOS. It discusses symptoms of PSU issues like no power, intermittent power, power but no display, and noise. Troubleshooting techniques emphasized are being methodical, eliminating potential causes one by one, and seeking assistance from online communities if problems persist.
The document provides information about configuring and administering a server. It discusses server specifications, compatibility, configuration and testing. It defines what a server and network operating system are. The document outlines different server types including file, print, application, mail, terminal and remote access servers. It also covers client support, communication, users and groups, Windows server editions, UNIX/Linux servers, network computer groups, and items that need to be configured on a server like services, authentication, and authorization.
it is all about types of server. And in this file defines all the types of servers and detail of all type. And after this you will be able to know about all server types and details of these servers.
The document provides an overview of objectives for Chapter 3 of Discovering Computers 2012, which includes summarizing different types of application software such as business, graphics, multimedia, personal, and communications software. It also discusses how application software works with operating systems and utility programs, as well as learning tools available for application software including online help, web-based help, and web-based training.
This document provides guidance on performing preventative maintenance on a computer to improve performance and extend its lifespan. It recommends cleaning the external components like the monitor, keyboard, and mouse regularly, as dust can accumulate quickly. Internally, it suggests using the Disk Cleanup and Disk Defragmenter tools periodically to free up hard drive space and optimize file placement. It also stresses the importance of installing operating system and software updates, scanning for viruses regularly, and backing up files in case of hardware failure or malware infection. Regular maintenance through cleaning, optimization, and backup is presented as an effective way to care for a computer over time.
This document provides objectives for a chapter that discusses computer communications and networks. It begins by defining computer communications and its basic components. It then lists several objectives related to differentiating between various network types like LANs, MANs, and WANs; network architectures like client/server and peer-to-peer; and network topologies like star, bus, and ring networks. It also describes various uses of computer communications technologies and standards used for network communications.
CSS LESSON Application software or App is a program or group of programs designed for end-users. This contrasts with system software, which is mainly involved with running the computer. Some examples of these applications are spreadsheet, word processor, web browser, accounting application, email client, media player, file viewer, simulators, console game, a photo editor. Applications may be classified as proprietary, open-source, or projects and may be bundled with the computer and its system software or published separately. Apps built for mobile platforms are called mobile apps.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The installation file will then be saved to your computer in .exe (pronounced dot e-x-e) format, this is the standard extension for installation files on Windows computers.
Nowadays, the most common way to get new software is to download it from the Internet like Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. You can also install free software like Google Chrome web browser by visiting download sites and clicking the Download button. The
This document provides an overview of an introductory course on information technology. It outlines the course requirements, including exams, assignments, and a final project that contribute to the overall grade. It also describes lecture notes, written assignments, presentations, and other class activities. Tips are provided on how to earn more marks, such as avoiding plagiarism and demonstrating a strong work ethic. The course aims to teach basic computer knowledge, hardware, office applications, and internet skills.
Proxy servers act as intermediaries between internal network clients and the internet. They screen requests, cache content to improve performance, and can anonymize users' IP addresses. Anonymizers like VPNs also anonymize users by routing their traffic through encrypted tunnels to hide their real IP addresses and locations. Phishing scams try to steal users' sensitive information like login credentials by tricking them into entering information on fake websites masquerading as legitimate ones. Educating users and technical measures can help combat phishing.
This document discusses various methods of computer output and output devices. It describes display devices like LCD monitors, plasma monitors, and televisions. It explains different types of printers like inkjet printers, laser printers, and multifunction peripherals. It also covers audio output devices like speakers, headphones and earbuds. Other output devices discussed include data projectors, interactive whiteboards, and accessories for disabled users. The document provides details on the characteristics and uses of these common computer output hardware.
This document defines and describes different types of malware like viruses, Trojan horses, spyware, adware, and worms. It explains that viruses replicate and spread by damaging files, while spyware monitors user internet activity without permission. Adware displays advertising banners and worms copy themselves across devices and networks to slow them down. The document advises on protecting devices from these malicious software programs.
Computer system and network configurationVon Alvarez
This document discusses computer network configurations. It defines a computer network as interconnecting two or more computers. There are two main types of networks: local area networks (LANs) which connect computers within a single location, and wide area networks (WANs) which span larger distances using phone or satellite links. Setting up a network involves designing the network type and hardware, rolling out the physical infrastructure like cables and servers, configuring user accounts and shared resources, and ongoing management like security, backups, and troubleshooting issues.
Beep codes from computers provide troubleshooting information about startup issues. A single beep indicates a normal startup. Multiple short beeps, like two or three, usually relate to memory problems. Five beeps point to issues with the motherboard or CPU, while beeps like six or seven mean problems with the CPU or motherboard chips. The number of beeps corresponds to specific components that may need repair or replacement.
This document discusses anti-virus software. It begins with an introduction to anti-virus software and what it is used for. Then it discusses the history of anti-virus software and how it originated in response to early computer viruses and malware. It also covers different types of anti-virus software like firewalls, network layer firewalls, proxy servers, and application layer firewalls. It describes how anti-virus software works to identify, prevent and remove malware like viruses, adware, and spyware. Common types of anti-virus detection methods are also summarized such as signature-based detection, heuristics, rootkit detection, and real-time protection.
This document discusses several types of computer security risks and methods to reduce risks. It describes common computer crimes like software piracy, hacking, and computer sabotage using malware. It also discusses how these risks affect personal privacy and intellectual property. Finally, it provides recommendations for protecting systems through physical access restrictions, passwords, firewalls, encryption, backups, and RAID technology to safeguard data integrity and availability.
Chapter 11 computer security and safety, ethics, and privacyhaider ali
This document provides an overview of the key topics and objectives covered in Chapter 11 of Discovering Computers 2012, which discusses computer security risks, Internet and network attacks, unauthorized access, hardware theft, software piracy, system failure, backing up data, wireless security, health concerns of computer use, ethics and privacy issues, and content filtering. The chapter examines potential computer risks and safeguards, wireless security risks and safeguards, computer-related health issues and preventions, and ethical issues surrounding topics such as information accuracy, intellectual property, privacy, and green computing.
Educators play an important role in cyber security, cyber ethics, and cyber safety. They must understand cyber threats like piracy, intrusion, identity theft, viruses, spam, and more. These threats can result in legal fines, data loss, and network damage. To protect themselves and students, educators should teach and model safe practices like using strong passwords, backing up data, updating software, and being wary of unexpected emails or attachments.
The document discusses various topics relating to computer security, including:
1) Computer security risks such as hackers, crackers, and cybercrimes are described as well as ways to safeguard against internet and network attacks like viruses, worms, and Trojan horses.
2) Internet and network attacks are discussed along with symptoms of an infected computer. Precautions are presented to protect devices from malicious infections.
3) Techniques for preventing unauthorized computer access and use are covered, including firewalls, intrusion detection software, and honeypots. Encryption is explained as an important safeguard.
Privacy , Security and Ethics PresentationHajarul Cikyen
Hamimah bte Mohd Jamil
MUHAMMAD BIN MOHD SUKERI
(A13CS0068)
NURUL EMIRA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ
(A13CS0128)
WAN HAJARUL ASIKIN BINTI WAN
ZUNAIDI (A13CS0168)
This document discusses privacy issues related to computing technology and personal information collection. It covers primary privacy issues like accuracy, property and access of personal data. It also discusses large databases, information resellers, identity theft, mistaken identity and various laws protecting personal information. The document also covers computer crimes
F. Questier, Computer security, workshop for Lib@web international training program 'Management of Electronic Information and Digital Libraries', university of Antwerp, October 2015
This document discusses computer ethics and security risks. It begins by defining computer ethics as moral guidelines governing computer use. It then lists seven frequently discussed areas of computer ethics: unauthorized computer use, software piracy, information accuracy, intellectual property rights, codes of conduct, information privacy, and green computing. The document goes on to define computer security risks and common types like hackers, crackers, and cybercriminals. It also outlines methods to safeguard against risks such as viruses, unauthorized access, and theft through antivirus software, firewalls, and access controls.
This document discusses computer ethics and security. It covers netiquette rules for email, chat rooms and online communications. Areas of computer ethics discussed include information accuracy, green computing, codes of conduct, information privacy, and intellectual property. Computer security risks are also examined, such as malicious code, unauthorized access, hardware/software theft, information theft, and system failure. Ways to mitigate these risks through measures like encryption, firewalls, access controls, and uninterruptible power supplies are described.
This document discusses computer security risks. It defines computer security risks as events that could cause loss or damage to computer systems. It identifies several types of security risks, including internet and network attacks like malware, botnets, denial of service attacks and spoofing. It also discusses unauthorized access and use, hardware and software theft, information theft, and system failures. Malware types like viruses, worms, Trojan horses, rootkits, and spyware are explained in detail.
This document discusses computer security risks. It defines computer security risks as events that could cause loss or damage to computer systems. It then identifies and describes various types of security risks like internet and network attacks (e.g. malware, botnets, denial of service attacks), unauthorized access, hardware and software theft, information theft, and system failures. Specific malware types are also defined, including viruses, worms, Trojan horses, rootkits, and spyware.
https://mloey.github.io/courses/security2017.html
We will discuss the following: Cryptography, Computer Security, OSI Security Architecture, Security Structure Scheme, Key Properties, Symmetric Encryption, Asymmetric Encryption, finally Our Book
The document provides objectives for a chapter on computer security and ethics. It outlines topics such as computer security risks, internet and network attacks, unauthorized access, hardware theft, software theft, information theft, system failure, backing up data, wireless security, health concerns of computer use, ethics, and information privacy. The objectives are to define key terms, describe types of threats, discuss prevention and protection techniques, and identify risks and safeguards for each topic.
The document discusses various input devices for computers including keyboards, mice, touchscreens, cameras, scanners, and devices for disabled users. It defines input and differentiates between programs, commands, and user responses. It describes common input devices like keyboards, mice, touchpads, microphones for voice input, and controllers for games. It also covers assistive technologies to enable people with disabilities to use computers.
Internet privacy ethics and online securityPaul Berryman
Internet privacy, ethics, and online security are important issues that affect everyone who uses the internet. These topics involve protecting personal information, behaving ethically online, and maintaining security. They are addressed through user education, technological tools, and administrative policies. Schools must take steps to educate students on privacy, ethics, and staying safe online as internet use grows and new issues like cyberbullying emerge.
This document discusses several issues relating to computer ethics, including intellectual property rights, privacy concerns, and the impact of computers on society. It provides details on intellectual property, defining it as creations of the intellect like inventions, literary works, symbols and designs used in commerce. The document also discusses categories of intellectual property like industrial property and copyright, as well as topics like software piracy, file privacy, creation of viruses, plagiarism, and ethical hacking. It emphasizes that as technology advances, computer ethics will continue to establish standards for new technologies.
The document provides tips for keeping a network secure, including always keeping virus software and Windows updates enabled, using firewalls, backing up data regularly, and using strong passwords. It warns about common password risks like using obvious words or writing passwords down. The document also covers securing laptops, email, wireless networks, and avoiding risks from open networks. Proper authentication, surge protection, and password protecting are emphasized as important security best practices.
This document discusses privacy concerns related to revealing personal information online. It outlines many ways personal data can be disclosed, such as through internet service providers, email, browsers, search engines, social media and marketing. The document also presents some technical and legal solutions to better protect online privacy, such as cookie controls, encryption, and the Platform for Privacy Preferences framework. However, it notes the difficulty in regulating privacy given priorities around free speech and data sharing. Overall, the document provides context around online privacy issues and risks of personal data being revealed without consent through various internet activities.
The document provides information on techniques for keeping personal data private, such as limiting information provided on forms and not displaying phone numbers on checks. It also discusses threats like spyware, adware, spam, phishing, and social engineering. Major US privacy laws are summarized, with the earliest from 1970 regulating credit reporting and the most recent in 2006 concerning phone records privacy. The laws generally aim to restrict disclosure of personal information and give individuals access to records about them.
Ultra wideband is a low-energy, short-range radio technology used for high-bandwidth wireless communication across a large radio spectrum for applications like sensor data collection, precision locating, and medical radar imaging. Infrared data association provides specifications for wireless infrared communication protocols between devices like phones, laptops, cameras and printers. Radio frequency identification uses radio waves to wirelessly transmit data from tags attached to objects for automatic identification and tracking of items like credit cards, animal tags and anti-theft devices.
The document describes various types of storage media and storage devices, including internal hard disks, external hard disks, solid state drives, flash memory, optical discs, tape storage, smart cards, microfilm, cloud storage, and enterprise storage. It provides details on the characteristics and uses of different storage options and how they are suited for different users from home users to businesses. The document seeks to educate readers about the purpose and proper use of common storage technologies.
CH11-Managing Computing Securely, Safely and EthicallySukanya Ben
This document provides an overview of objectives for a chapter that discusses managing computing securely, safely, and ethically. The chapter covers defining computer security risks and cybercrime perpetrators, safeguarding against hardware theft and Internet/network attacks, preventing unauthorized access and use, protecting information through encryption and backups, addressing health and privacy concerns, and considering ethics and society. The document outlines many types of attacks, risks, and safeguarding techniques discussed in the chapter.
This document discusses enabling inside-out network security to address risks associated with BYOD (bring your own device) trends in businesses. It outlines how BYOD introduces security risks if not properly managed, such as malware being unintentionally downloaded onto devices and entering the network. The document recommends a multi-faceted BYOD strategy involving people, processes, policies, and technologies like NAC (network access control) and MDM (mobile device management) to secure networks from internal threats. It promotes NetClarity's internal security solution using NACwalls to identify and remediate vulnerabilities, defend against malware, and control device access.
Computer security risks include viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and network attacks that can damage systems. Antivirus software uses virus signatures to detect threats and inoculate files, while firewalls and intrusion detection systems help protect networks. Backups and encryption are important safeguards for data protection against theft and system failures.
cyber security seminar session-3. in this session we are providing the basic and advance cyber security tips and tricks for all studdents from class 6 to 12. We request you to gothrough entire ppt to discover the detailing about cyber sefty in todays world.
This document discusses computer security and various cyber threats. It begins by explaining how computer security became increasingly important with the development of modems and personal computers in the late 20th century. It then discusses different methods used to protect computer systems and information, including serial numbers, locks, alarms, and various security strategies to address threats like data theft, vandalism, fraud, and privacy invasion. The document also provides definitions and examples of cryptography, encryption, malware, and other cyber attacks like phishing, watering hole attacks, and cybercrime. It concludes by listing some common reasons for web threats and tips to protect against web service attacks, such as backups, multi-factor authentication, malware scanning, and keeping software updated.
This document discusses cybersecurity. It defines cybersecurity as protecting computer systems and networks from threats like information disclosure, theft, or damage. The history of cybersecurity began in 1971 with the first computer worm called Creeper. Vulnerabilities are weaknesses that can be exploited, and common threats include phishing, ransomware, malware, backdoors, denial-of-service attacks, and social engineering. Countermeasures to protect computers include security by design, managing vulnerabilities, and reducing vulnerabilities.
This document discusses network risks and vulnerabilities. It begins by defining vulnerabilities as software flaws or misconfigurations that weaken security. It then examines various types of vulnerabilities like design flaws, viruses, impersonation, worms, port scanning, man-in-the-middle attacks, denial-of-service attacks. The document also covers network risk assessment methodology and impact analysis. It concludes with a brief mention of network risk mitigation as a way to reduce risks.
Cyber Security Matters a book by Hama David Bundohdbundo
This document provides an introduction to cyber security. It defines cyber security and lists some common cyber security threats such as social engineering, malware, phishing, SQL injection, man-in-the-middle attacks, and denial-of-service attacks. It then discusses key cyber security terminology and concepts including access authorization, anti-virus software, authentication techniques, backups, encryption, firewalls, hackers, honeypots, intrusion detection systems, and port scanning. The document aims to educate readers on cyber security risks and mitigation strategies.
This document discusses various computer security risks and safeguards. It describes seven categories of cyber criminals including hackers, crackers, and cyber terrorists. It then covers specific risks such as computer viruses, denial of service attacks, and information theft. The document provides examples of safeguards against these risks, including antivirus software, firewalls, encryption, backups, and physical security measures.
This document provides an overview of information systems and security topics including computer security, authentication mechanisms, firewalls, computer crimes, social impacts of computers, computer viruses, worms, digital signatures and certificates. It discusses information security principles of confidentiality, integrity and availability. It also covers specific authentication mechanisms like passwords, multi-factor authentication, certificates, tokens and biometrics. Additionally, it defines what a firewall is and how it works to inspect and block unauthorized network traffic based on packet rules.
This document discusses securing information systems and provides an overview of security concepts and tools. It covers system vulnerabilities, threats like malware and hackers, establishing security frameworks, and technologies to safeguard systems like firewalls, encryption, and digital certificates. The key topics are securing systems from internal and external threats, implementing controls and policies, and using technical tools to protect information assets and ensure system availability.
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Contains some important questions on information security/cyber security
Q1) When you want to authenticate yourself to your computer, most likely you type in your username and password. The username is considered public knowledge, so it is the password that authenticates you. Your password is something you know.
1.1 It is also possible to authenticate based on something you are, that is, a physical characteristic. Such a characteristic is known as a biometric. Give an example of biometric-based authentication.
1.2 It is also possible to authenticate based on something you have, that is, something in your possession. Give an example of authentication based on something you have.
1.3 Two-factor authentication requires that two of the three authentication methods (something you know, something you have, something you are) be used. Give an example from everyday life where two-factor authentication is used. Which two of the three are used?
Q2) Malware is software that is intentionally malicious, in the sense that it is designed to do damage or break the security of a system. Malware comes in many familiar varieties, including viruses, worms, and Trojans.
2.1 Has your computer ever been infected with malware? If so, what did the malware do and how did you get rid of the problem? If not, why have you been so lucky?
2.2 In the past, most malware was designed to annoy users. Today, it is often claimed that most malware is written for profit. How could malware possibly be profitable?
Q3) What is war dialling and war driving?
Q4) Suppose that we have a computer that can test 240 keys each second.
4.1 What is the expected time (in years) to find a key by exhaustive search if the key space is of size 288?
4.2 What is the expected time (in years) to find a key by exhaustive search if the key space is of size 2112?
4.3 What is the expected time (in years) to find a key by exhaustive search if the key space is of size 2256?
Q5) What kind of attacks are possible on mobile/cell phones? Explain with example.
Q6) Explain the countermeasures to be practiced for possible attacks on mobile/cell phones.
This chapter discusses various topics relating to computer security, ethics, and privacy. It outlines objectives such as describing types of computer security risks like viruses, worms, Trojan horses, and denial of service attacks. It discusses techniques for safeguarding against unauthorized computer access and use, such as using firewalls, strong passwords, and biometric devices. The chapter also addresses issues involving information accuracy, privacy, and software piracy. Overall, the chapter aims to explain how to protect computers and networks from both internal and external security threats.
The document discusses penetration testing using Metasploit. It begins by defining penetration testing and why it is important for security. It then provides an overview of Metasploit, explaining what it is and some key terminology. The document demonstrates a sample penetration test against a virtual network, using Metasploit to exploit a Windows vulnerability. It evaluates the impact and recommends countermeasures like patching, code reviews, and periodic testing. The goal is to show how Metasploit can be used to test network security by simulating real-world attacks.
Real-Time Protection From Every Malware InfectionWebroot
The Webroot Intelligence Network (WIN) integrates data from customers, labs, and security vendors to create the largest malware detection network. WIN classifies all files on an endpoint as good, bad, or unknown during a short learning phase, and then monitors processes in real-time to resolve threats. By combining WIN's cloud analysis with efficient endpoint protection, Webroot SecureAnywhere stops both known and unknown infections from harming machines. WIN differs from other cloud solutions by allowing for ultra-fast scans, low system resource usage, and infrequent updates through the cloud.
Cyber crimes are on the rise as companies and individuals connect to the internet. While connectivity provides benefits, it also increases vulnerabilities to threats like hacking, viruses, and data theft. The document outlines the history of computer crimes and defines different types like fraud, forgery, and unauthorized access. It discusses hacking techniques such as using trapdoors, decoys, and call forwarding to intercept systems. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of security measures like passwords, antivirus software, and incident response teams to help prevent and address cyber crimes.
Similar to Computer Security and Safety, Ethics & Privacy (20)
The document discusses the system development life cycle and its phases. It describes the importance of project management, feasibility assessment, documentation, and data gathering techniques. The phases discussed include planning, analysis, design, implementation, operation, support, and security. Activities like requirements gathering, process modeling, documentation, and alternative solutions are discussed for the analysis phase.
The document discusses the evolution of the Internet from its origins as ARPANET in 1969 to the World Wide Web today. It describes how the Internet was developed to allow scientists to share information and work together. It outlines the key events that led to the Internet being opened up for commercial and public use in the 1990s. It also defines important Internet concepts like IP addresses, domain names, Internet service providers, and the purpose and components of the World Wide Web and web browsers.
This document provides an overview of objectives and key concepts around enterprise computing. It discusses how enterprise computing involves using computers across interconnected networks to support large organizations. It describes the different functional units within enterprises and common information systems used, such as accounting, HR, manufacturing, and sales software. It also explains concepts like enterprise information, MRP, MRP II, and how information systems work together to support the needs of an enterprise.
Programming Languages and Program DevelompentSamudin Kassan
The document discusses various programming languages and program development tools. It describes low-level languages like machine language and assembly language. It then covers procedural languages like C and COBOL. Next, it discusses object-oriented programming languages like Java, C++, C#, and the .NET Framework. It also mentions integrated development environments and visual programming tools.
This document provides an overview of objectives for a chapter on databases. It defines key database terms like data, database, and information. It describes the hierarchy of data from characters to fields to records to files. It explains the differences between file processing and database approaches. It also discusses relational, object-oriented, and multidimensional databases and how database management systems provide tools for querying, entering, and reporting data.
The document discusses various types of computer input devices including keyboards, mice, touch screens, scanners, cameras, and biometric devices. It describes how each device works and provides examples of their common uses. Input devices allow users to enter data, instructions, and commands into computers through typing, pointing, speaking, scanning, and other methods. The document aims to provide an overview of the different input technologies available.
The document discusses the functions and features of operating systems. It defines system software and describes the two main types: operating systems and utility programs. It explains that an operating system coordinates computer resources and provides functions like managing memory, multitasking programs, connecting to networks and the internet, updating software, and administering security. The document outlines features of several common operating systems and their use for both stand-alone and server environments.
This document discusses computer networks and communications. It begins by describing the basic components of a communications system, including sending and receiving devices connected by a communications channel. It then discusses the various uses of computer communications, such as email, instant messaging, wireless messaging, and Internet access. The document outlines different types of networks including LANs, WANs, and wireless networks. It also describes common network topologies and standards used for networking, such as Ethernet, TCP/IP, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and RFID.
The document provides an overview of key concepts from Chapter 1 of Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World including defining computers and their components, networks and the internet, different categories of computers, and applications of computers in society. It discusses the basic components of a computer including hardware such as input/output devices and the system unit, as well as software. The document also summarizes different types of computer users and how computers are used in areas like education, finance, and manufacturing.
The document provides an overview of different types of application software, including business software, graphics and multimedia software, software for home/personal/educational use, web applications, and software for communications. It also discusses learning tools that are available for application software, such as online help, web-based help, and web-based training. The objectives are to explain how different types of application software work and to identify the key features and uses of various widely-used application programs.
The document discusses the key components of a computer system unit, including the processor, memory, and data representation. It describes how the processor contains a control unit and ALU and completes a four-step machine cycle. Memory is used to store the operating system, programs, and processed data. Data is represented digitally using bits, bytes, and coding schemes like ASCII. Expansion slots allow adding components like video and sound cards.
The document describes different types of computer output devices. It discusses displays such as LCD monitors and their characteristics like resolution, response time, and brightness. It covers various printer technologies like inkjet printers, photo printers, and laser printers. It also mentions speakers, headphones, data projectors, and other output options for conveying information to users.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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For more information about PECB:
Website: https://pecb.com/
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Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
Computer Security and Safety, Ethics & Privacy
1. Discovering
Computers 2011
Living in a Digital World
2. Objectives Overview
Objectives Overview
Define the term, Describe various types
Discuss techniques to
Discuss techniques to
computer security risks,
i ik of Internet and network
fI d k
prevent unauthorized
and briefly describe the attacks, and identify
computer access and
types of cybercrime ways to safeguard
use
perpetrators against these attacks
Explain the ways
Identify safeguards Discuss how encryption
software manufacturers
against hardware theft works, and explain why
p g
protect against
and vandalism
and vandalism it is necessary
it is necessary
software piracy
See Page 555 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 2
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 11
3. Objectives Overview
Objectives Overview
Discuss the types of
Discuss the types of Identify risks and
Identify risks and
Explain the options
devices available that safeguards associated
available for backing up
protect computers from with wireless
computer resources
system failure
system failure communications
Recogni e issues related
Recognize issues related
Discuss ways to prevent
to information accuracy, Discuss issues
health‐related disorders
intellectual property surrounding information
j
and injuries due to
rights, codes of conduct,
rights codes of conduct privacy
computer use
and green computing
See Page 555 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 3
for Detailed Objectives Chapter 11
4. Computer Security Risks
Computer Security Risks
• A computer security risk is any event or action that could
cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware,
software, data, information, or processing capability
• A cybercrime is an online or Internet‐based illegal act
Hackers Crackers Script Kiddies
Script Kiddies Corporate Spies
Corporate Spies
Unethical
Cyberextortionists Cyberterrorists
Employees
Pages 556 ‐ 557 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 4
Chapter 11
6. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
• Information transmitted over networks has a higher
degree of security risk than information kept on an
organization’s premises
• An online security service is a Web site that evaluates
your computer to check for Internet and e‐mail
vulnerabilities
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Computer
Emergency Response Team
Coordination Center below
Chapter 11
Page 558 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 6
Figure 11‐2 Chapter 11
7. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
Computer
Worm Trojan Horse Rootkit
Virus
• Affects a • Copies itself • A malicious • Program that
computer repeatedly, program that hides in a
negatively by
ti l b using up
i hides within
hid ithi computer
t
altering the resources or looks like and allows
way the and possibly a legitimate someone
computer shutting program from a
works down the remote
p
computer or location to
network take full
control
Page 558 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 7
Chapter 11
9. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
• An infected computer has one or more of the
g y p
following symptoms:
Operating system Available memory Screen displays
Files become
runs much slower is less than unusual message
corrupted
than usual expected or image
Unknown
M i l
Music or unusual P fil
Programs or files
Existing programs programs or files
sound plays do not work
and files disappear mysteriously
randomly properly
appear
Operating system
System properties Operating system
shuts down
change does not start up
does not start up
unexpectedly
Pages 558 ‐ 559 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 9
Chapter 11
12. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
• Users can take several
precautions to protect
their home and work
computers and mobile
devices from these
malicious infections
Page 560 – 561 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 12
Figure 11‐7 Chapter 11
13. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
• A botnet is a group of compromised computers connected to a
network
– A compromised computer is known as a zombie
A compromised computer is known as a zombie
• A denial of service attack (DoS attack) disrupts computer access to
Internet services
Internet services
– Distributed DoS (DDoS)
• A back door is a program or set of instructions in a program that
p g p g
allow users to bypass security controls
• Spoofing is a technique intruders use to make their network or
Internet transmission appear legitimate
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click DoS Attacks
below Chapter 11
Pages 562 ‐ 563 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 13
Chapter 11
14. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
• A firewall is hardware and/or software that
p
protects a network’s resources from intrusion
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Firewalls
below Chapter 11
Pages 563 ‐ 564 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 14
Figure 11‐8 Chapter 11
15. Internet and Network Attacks
Internet and Network Attacks
Intrusion detection software
•A l
Analyzes all network traffic
ll t k t ffi
• Assesses system vulnerabilities
• Identifies any unauthorized intrusions
d ifi h i di i
• Notifies network administrators of suspicious behavior
tt t b h
patterns or system breaches
Honeypot
yp
• Vulnerable computer that is set up to entice an intruder to
break into it
break into it
Page 564 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 15
Chapter 11
16. Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized access is
Unauthorized access is Unauthorized use is the
Unauthorized use is the
the use of a computer or use of a computer or its
network without data for unapproved or
permission possibly illegal activities
Page 564 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 16
Chapter 11
17. Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized Access and Use
• O
Organizations take
i i k
several measures to
help prevent
help prevent
unauthorized access
and use
and use
– Acceptable use policy
– Disable file and printer
Disable file and printer
sharing
– Firewalls
– Intrusion detection
software
Page 565 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 17
Figure 11‐10 Chapter 11
18. Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized Access and Use
• Access controls define who can access a
p y
computer, when they can access it, and what
actions they can take
– Two‐phase processes called identification and
Two‐phase processes called identification and
authentication
–UUser name
– Password
– Passphrase
– CAPTCHA
Pages 565 – 567 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 18
Figure 11‐11 Chapter 11
19. Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized Access and Use
• A possessed object is any • A biometric device
item that you must carry to authenticates a person’s
gain access to a computer
gain access to a computer identity by translating a
identity by translating a
or computer facility personal characteristic into
– Often are used in g
a digital code that is
combination with a personal compared with a digital
identification number (PIN) code in a computer
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Biometric Devices
below Chapter 11
Page 568 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 19
Figure 11‐14 Chapter 11
20. Unauthorized Access and Use
Unauthorized Access and Use
• Digital forensics is the discovery, collection, and
y p
analysis of evidence found on computers and
networks
• Many areas use digital forensics
Many areas use digital forensics
Law Criminal Military
y
enforcement prosecutors intelligence
Information
Insurance
security
g
agencies
departments
d t t
Page 569 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 20
Chapter 11
21. Hardware Theft and Vandalism
Hardware Theft and Vandalism
Hardware vandalism
Hardware theft is the
Hardware theft is the
is the act of defacing
act of stealing
or destroying
or destroying
t i
computer equipment t
computer equipment
Page 570 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 21
Chapter 11
22. Hardware Theft and Vandalism
Hardware Theft and Vandalism
• To help reduce the of chances of theft, companies
y y
and schools use a variety of security measures
Cables to lock
Physical access controls Alarm systems
equipment
Real time location Passwords, possessed
system objects, and biometrics
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click RTLS
below Chapter 11
Page 570 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 22
Figure 11‐15 Chapter 11
23. Software Theft
Software Theft
• Software theft occurs when someone:
Steals software Intentionally
y
media erases programs
Illegally
Ill ll
Illegally copies a registers and/or
program activates a
program
Page 571 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 23
Chapter 11
24. Software Theft
Software Theft
• A single‐user license agreement typically contains the
following conditions:
Permitted to
• Install the software on one computer
Install the software on one computer
• Make one copy of the software
• Remove the software from your computer before giving it away or selling it
Not permitted to
• Install the software on a network
• Give copies to friends or colleagues while continuing to use the software
• Export the software
• Rent or lease the software
R l h f
Page 571 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 24
Chapter 11
25. Software Theft
Software Theft
• Copying, loaning,
borrowing, renting, or
distributing software
can be a violation of
copyright law
• Some software requires
product activation to
function fully
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Business Software
Alliance below Chapter 11
Pages 571 – 572 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 25
Figure 11‐16 Chapter 11
26. Information Theft
Information Theft
• Information theft occurs when someone steals
p
personal or confidential information
• Encryption is a process of converting readable
data into unreadable characters to prevent
data into unreadable characters to prevent
unauthorized access
Pages 572 ‐ 573 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 26
Figure 11‐17 Chapter 11
28. Information Theft
Information Theft
• A digital signature is an encrypted code that a
p
person, Web site, or organization attaches to an
g
electronic message to verify the identity of the
sender
– Often used to ensure that an impostor is not
participating in an Internet transaction
participating in an Internet transaction
• Web browsers and Web sites use encryption
techniques
Page 574 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 28
Chapter 11
29. Information Theft
Information Theft
• Popular security techniques include
Digital Transport Layer
Certificates Security (TLS)
Secure HTTP VPN
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Digital Certificates
below Chapter 11
Pages 574 ‐ 575 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 29
Chapter 11
31. System Failure
System Failure
• A system failure is the prolonged malfunction of a
p
computer
• A variety of factors can lead to system failure,
including:
– Aging hardware
– Natural disasters
– Electrical power problems
p p
• Noise, undervoltages, and overvoltages
– Errors in computer programs
Errors in computer programs
Page 575 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 31
Chapter 11
32. System Failure
System Failure
• Two ways to protect from system failures caused
y p g
by electrical power variations include surge
protectors and uninterruptable power supplies
(UPS)
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Surge Protectors
below Chapter 11
Page 576 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 32
Figures 11‐21 – 11‐22 Chapter 11
33. Backing Up The Ultimate Safeguard
Backing Up – The Ultimate Safeguard
• A backup is a duplicate of a file, program, or disk
g g
that can be used if the original is lost, damaged,
or destroyed
– To back up a file means to make a copy of it
To back up a file means to make a copy of it
• Offsite backups are stored in a location separate
from the computer site
Cloud
Storage
Page 577 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 33
Chapter 11
34. Backing Up The Ultimate Safeguard
Backing Up – The Ultimate Safeguard
• Two categories of • Three‐generation
backups: backup policy
– Full backup
Grandparent
– Selective backup
Parent
Child
Page 577 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 34
Chapter 11
35. Wireless Security
Wireless Security
• Wireless access poses additional security risks
– About 80 percent of wireless networks have no security
protection
• War driving allows individuals to detect wireless
networks while driving a vehicle through the area
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click War Driving
below Chapter 11
Page 578 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 35
Figure 11‐23 Chapter 11
36. Wireless Security
Wireless Security
• In additional to using firewalls, some safeguards
p y
improve security of wireless networks:
A wireless access
Change the default
Change the default
point should not
SSID
broadcast an SSID
Configure a WAP
so that only Use WPA or WPA2
certain devices can security standards
access it
access it
Page 578 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 36
Chapter 11
37. Health Concerns of Computer Use
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• The widespread use of
computers has led to
health concerns
– Repetitive strain injury
(RSI)
• Tendonitis
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome
(CTS)
– Computer vision
p
syndrome (CVS)
Page 579 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 37
Figure 11‐24 Chapter 11
39. Health Concerns of Computer Use
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• Ergonomics is an
applied science devoted
to incorporating
comfort, efficiency, and
safety into the design of
items in the workplace
Page 580 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 39
Figure 11‐26 Chapter 11
40. Health Concerns of Computer Use
Health Concerns of Computer Use
• Computer addiction occurs when the computer
consumes someone’s entire social life
• Symptoms of users include:
Craves Overjoy when Unable to stop
computer at the computer
time
ti computer
t activity
ti it
Irritable when
I it bl h Neglects
N l t Problems at
P bl t
not at the family and work or
computer friends school
Page 581 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 40
Chapter 11
41. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• Computer ethics are
the moral guidelines
that govern the use of
computers and
information systems
• Information accuracy is
a concern
– Not all information on
the Web is correct
Pages 581 – 582 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 41
Figure 11‐28 Chapter 11
42. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
Intellectual property rights are the rights to which creators
are entitled for their work
are entitled for their work
• A copyright protects any tangible form of expression
py g p y g p
An IT code of conduct is a written guideline that helps
determine whether a specific computer action is ethical or
determine whether a specific computer action is ethical or
unethical
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Digital Rights
Management
below Chapter 11
Page 582 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 42
Chapter 11
44. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity
g p
and environmental waste while using a computer
Pages 583 – 584 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 44
Figure 11‐30 Chapter 11
45. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• Information privacy refers to the right of
p y
individuals and companies to deny or restrict the
collection and use of information about them
• Huge databases store data online
Huge databases store data online
• It is important to safeguard your information
Page 584 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 45
Chapter 11
47. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• When you fill out a
form, the merchant that
receives the form
usually enters it into a
database
• Many companies today
allow people to specify
whether they want
their personal
information distributed
Page 585 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 47
Figure 11‐32 Chapter 11
48. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• A cookie is a small text file that a Web server stores on
your computer
• Web sites use cookies for a variety of reasons:
Assist with
h
Allow for Store users’
online
personalization passwords
shopping
Track how
Track how
Target
Click to view Web Link, often users
click Chapter 11, Click Web advertisements
Link from left navigation,
then click Cookies
visit a site
below Chapter 11
Pages 585 – 586 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 48
Chapter 11
50. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• S
Spam iis an unsolicited
li i d
e‐mail message or
newsgroup posting
newsgroup posting
• E‐mail filtering blocks
e‐mail messages from
e mail messages from
designated sources
• Anti spam programs
Anti‐spam programs
attempt to remove
spam before it reaches
spam before it reaches
your inbox
Page 587 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 50
Figure 11‐34 Chapter 11
51. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• Phi hi i
Phishing is a scam in
i
which a perpetrator sends
an official looking e mail
an official looking e‐mail
message that attempts to
obtain your personal and
financial information
• Pharming is a scam
where a perpetrator
h
attempts to obtain your
personal and financial
personal and financial
information via spoofing
Pages 587 ‐ 588 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 51
Figure 11‐35 Chapter 11
52. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• The concern about privacy has led to the
g g
enactment of federal and state laws regarding the
storage and disclosure of personal data
– See Figure 11‐36 on page 589 for a listing of major U S
See Figure 11‐36 on page 589 for a listing of major U.S.
government laws concerning privacy
• Th 1970 F i C di R
The 1970 Fair Credit Reporting Act li i h
i A limits the
rights of others viewing a credit report to only
those with a legitimate business need
Page 588 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 52
Chapter 11
53. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
Social engineering is defined as gaining
unauthorized access or obtaining confidential
unauthorized access or obtaining confidential
information by taking advantage of trust and naivety
Employee monitoring involves the use of computers
to observe record and review an employee’s use of
to observe, record, and review an employee s use of
a computer
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 11, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Social Engineering
below Chapter 11
Page 590 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 53
Chapter 11
54. Ethics and Society
Ethics and Society
• C
Content filtering i h
fil i is the
process of restricting
access to certain material
access to certain material
on the Web
• Many businesses use
y
content filtering
• Internet Content Rating
Association (ICRA)
• Web filtering software
restricts access to
specified Web sites
Pages 590 – 591 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 54
Figure 11‐37 Chapter 11
55. Summary
Potential computer risks and
Potential computer risks and Wireless security risks and
Wireless security risks and
the safeguards safeguards
Ethi l i di
Ethical issues surrounding
information accuracy,
Computer‐related health
p intellectual property rights,
p p y g
issues and preventions codes of conduct, green
computing, and information
privacy
Page 591 Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World 55
Chapter 11
56. Discovering
Computers 2011
Living in a Digital World
Chapter 11 Complete