engineered TIMBER PRODUCTS their typer manufacturing process, uses and their standards

1. engineered TIMBER PRODUCTS

2.  Manufacturing Process:
• manufactured from sheets of cross-laminated veneer
• panel strength and stiffness in both directions are
• maximized
• bonded under heat and pressure with durable,
• moisture-resistant adhesives
 Types of plywood
 Regular grade plywood
o Used for temporary use
 Commercial plywood
o Also known as Interior grade or MR (Moisture resistant) grade plywood
o Used for making furniture that is unlikely to get wet
 Water proof plywood
o Also know as Exterior grade or BWR (Boiling water resistant) grade plywood.
o Used for making furniture that is likely to get wet e.g. Kitchen furniture
 Marine Plywood
o Superior quality and also costs a lot more
o Used for making furniture or products that are subjected to prolonged water exposure
o Used mainly for industrial purposes and boat building.
Plywood:

3. Special types of plywood
 Flexible Plywood
• Also called as flexi ply
• Can easily be rolled up
• Used for creating round and curved shaped furniture
 FR grade: Fire Retardant
• Used in places where fire risks have to be reduced
• Surface is treated with fire resisting chemicals
 Termite-Resistant and Borer-proof
• Offers protection from external pests that can destroy the wood.
 Structural Plywood
• Suitable for construction applications where structural stability is required
 Concrete Shuttering Plywood
• It has a shiny phenolic film over the surface
• Used to create wooden molds for concrete casing
Properties of Plywood
 Thickness available
• MR grade (Moisture Resistant): 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 15, 18, 21, 25 mm
• BWR grade (Boiling Water Resistant): 4, 6, 9, 12, 16, 19, 25 mm
• Shuttering plywood: 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, 25 mm
 Sizes available (in sq. feet)
• 8x4 , 8x3 , 7x4 , 7x3 , 6x4 , 6x3

4. • There are two main types of fiber boards
1. HDF : High density fiber board
• Density: 700-1450 kg/m³
2. LDF/MDF : Low/medium density fiber boards
• Density: 600-800 kg/m³
MDF is more common out of the two.
Made from wood fibers .
Wood fibers are mixed with glue and go through a
hot-press machine.
• Uses:
• Used for making better quality ready made
• often used in loudspeaker enclosures
• used for custom-made requirements such as for making wardrobe doors and for the
shutters of kitchen cabinets.
Fiber boards:

5.  Benefits of MDF
• Some varieties are less expensive than many natural woods
• Isotropic (properties same in all directions) ,so no tendency to split
• Consistent in strength and size
• Flexible. Can be used for curved walls or surfaces.
• Shapes well.
• Stable dimensions (won't expand or contract like wood)
• Easy to finish (i.e. paint)
• MDF boards are stronger, and hence costlier than plywood, particle boards and block
boards.
 Drawbacks of MDF
• Low grade MDF may swell and break when saturated with water.
• May warp or expand if not sealed.
• Dulls blades more quickly than many woods
• Weaker compared to plywood,
• Subject to significant shrinkage in low humidity environments.
• Similar to particle boards, MDF boards are also not nailed. Screws are used instead

6.  Making:
• made from very small particles of wood
(sawdust and small wood flakes)
• wood particles are mixed with glue
• mixture is firmly pressed together using a hot-press machine
 Uses:
• Used to make ready-made furniture, kitchen cabinets, false ceiling, wall panels, and
partitions
 Classification:
• OSL: One sided lamination.
• Only one side of the (the top surface or show surface) is laminated,
• BSL: Both sided lamination.
• Both the top and bottom surfaces are laminated .
• BSL is costlier than OSL.
 Properties:
• Age usually not more than 5yrs
• Very sensitive to water and even moisture
• Very light weight
• Eco-friendly as it is made up to waste wood particles
Particle boards:

7.  Make:
• Core is made of solid elongated blocks of soft wood
• hardwood veneer for the surfaces
 Classification Based on the wood used
• Softwood
• Hardwood
 Classification Based on use:
• Exterior Grade
• Also known as BWP or BWR grade block board
• Better water resistance
• Interior Grade
• Also called MR grade (Moisture Resistant) block board
• Suitable for indoor use
 Uses
• For making long book shelves
• For making tables and benches
• Block board Doors and Solid core flush doors
• Single and double beds, and Settees (Diwan) for sitting.
• Lengthy wall panels.
Block boards:

8. In wood working, veneer refers to thin slices of wood,
usually thinner than 3 mm (1/8 inch), that typically are
glued onto core panels to produce flat panels such as
doors, tops and parts of furniture.
There are two main types of veneer-making equipment
used commercially:
 A rotary lathe in which the wood is turned
against a very sharp blade and peeled off in one
continuous or semi-continuous roll. Rotary-cut veneer
is mainly used for plywood.
 A slicing machine in which veneer that looks like sawn pieces of wood such veneer is referred
to as "crown cut".
Wood veneer:

9.  Manufacturing process:
• made of brown base paper and decorative paper, use of resins make the paper hard and
brittle, the two papers are hard pressed together
 Types of laminates:
• HPL : High pressure laminates (commonly fixed by carpenters over plywood while
making the furniture)
• LPL : Low pressure laminates (directly bonded to Particle Boards or Fiber Boards)
 Laminate Sizes
• Standard size : 8'x 4‘ Special sizes : 3’ x 7’ and 5’ x 12’
• Types based on thickness
– Regular laminate sheets
• Thickness ranges from 0.6-1.5mm
• Glued or other adhesives
– Compact Laminates
• Thickness ranging from 3 mm to 30 mm
• These are self-supporting and hence do not need to be glued
• Types based on usage
– Decorative use (Importance is given to Look and feel)
– Industrial use (Importance is given to high strength , durability, and resistance to
scratches ,wear and tear)
Laminates