About veneer and plywood in brief.

1. PLYWOOD
FWT - KU

2. In 1797 Samuel Bentham applied for patents covering
several machines to produce veneers.
About fifty years later Immanuel Nobel, father of Alfred
Nobel, realized that several thinner layers of wood
bonded together would be stronger than one single thick
layer of wood.
plywood manufacture was an established process in
France in the 1860s.
Plywood was introduced into the United States in 1865.
In 1928, the first standard-sized 4 ft by 8 ft (1.2 m by 2.4
m) was produced
History of Plywood

3. Panels comprising of at least three layers of thin wood
bonded together with an adhesive.
Each ply is usually orientated at a right angle to the
adjacent layer in order to improve strength and reduce
the probability of shrinkage.
Plywood is a manufactured wood equally panel from thin
sheet of wood veneer. It is one of the mostly used wood
products.
Definition

4. “Face & back” are commonly preferred for outer Layer of
ply and graded according to their quality. The inner or
intermediate layer are collectively known as “core”.
Plywood is flexible, inexpensive, workable & re-usable
and usually can be manufactured locally, resistance to
cracking, splitting, shrinkage, twisting and has high
strength.
Definition (Cont’d)

5. These are thin sheets or
slices of wood of superior
quality.
Dimension:
Usually 0.5 to 1.0 mm in
thickness. Sometimes up to
about 10mm.
Veneer

6. All species may be used for production for production of
veneer.
Softwood and hardwood species with a uniform texture
without large differences between early wood and
latewood are used.
Tropical woods are extensively used due to absent of
pronounced growth rings.
Sources of Veneer

7.  Should have straight and round log
 Should be defect free on log surface
 Should have a centered pith, uniform
color and growth rate
 Should be free from mineral deposit.
Criteria of Veneer Trees

8. Decorative Veneer: It is used for surface furniture,
interior plywood paneling and related products.
Utility veneer: It is used for partitions of furniture and
cabinets and other structural uses or in products coated
with paint or other materials.
Veneer Types

9. 1. Sizing of veneer logs
2. Storage of veneer logs
3. Debarking
4. Pretreatment
5. Veneer cutting
6. Veneer handling and green clipping
7. Veneer Drying
Preparation of Veneer

10. Preparation of Veneer (Cont’d)

11. Step 1: Preparation of veneer
Step 2: Veneer Drying
Step 3: Jointing and Splicing of dry veneer
Step 4: Mixing and spreading of adhesive
Step 5: Pressing of Plywood
Step 6: Conditioning & finishing
Manufacturing Process of Plywood

12. Manufacturing Process of Plywood (Cont’d)

13. Manufacturing Process Flow Chart

14.  Urea formaldehyde(UF)
 Phenol Formaldehyde(PF)
 Melamine formaldehyde(MF)
 Isocyanides
Plywood Sizes and Thickness
General dimensions are 8x4, 8x3, 7x4, 7x3, 6x4 and 6x3 sq. feet.
The general thickness ranges are 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 1" and
sometimes higher.
Adhesives Used and Plywood Dimensions

15.  Commercial plywood
 Waterproof plywood
 Marine plywood
 Softwood plywood
 Hardwood plywood
 Tropical plywood
 Flexo plywood
 Aircraft plywood
 Decorative plywood
Types of Plywood

16. •It is an interior grade plywood for indoor Use
•It has light colour shades.
Commercial Plywood

17. • Waterproof ply is mostly used
• It has black collared shades
• Due to chemical used in it , it don’ t get affected
by termite
• Black colour is also due to chemicals used.
Waterproof Plywood

18. • It is flexible and is used for making curved
parts
• All the grains go in one direction.
Flexo Plywood

19. • It is a form of plywood that has been constructed
using waterproof veneer to make it suitable for
use in wet environments including a home built
boat , and other structures.
• It may serve as underlayment of boat, deck
cover, the wall and compartment overhead
panels of boat.
Marine Plywood

20. • Softwood panel is usually made either of cedar
, pine , redwood , and is used for construction
and industrial purpose
• The most common dimension is 1.2 m x 2.4 m
or large imperial 4’ x 8’
• Thickness is from 1.4 mm – 4.3 mm.
Softwood Plywood

21. • It is made from angiosperms trees and is used
for demanding end uses
• Especially suitable for heavy duty floor and wall
structures
• It has excellent surface hardness , damage
and wear resistance.
Hardwood Plywood

22. • Tropical plywood is made from species of tropical wood
• Originally from the Asian region , it is now also
manufactured in African and south American countries
• Tropical plywood is superior to softwood plywood due
to its strength , density and high quality
• Tropical plywood is used widely in UK, Japan, US,
Taiwan, Dubai and other countries.
Tropical Plywood

23. • High strength plywood is also known as aircraft
plywood
• It is made from birch and mahogany and uses adhesive
with increased resistance to heat and humidity
• It was used for several world war 2 fighter aircraft
• Although the british built mosquito bomber nicknamed
“the wooden wonder”, it was constructed using
plywood having indiviual veneers of birch, balsa.
Aircraft Plywood

24. • Usually faced with hardwood including ash,
oak, red oak, birch, maple, mahogany, rose
wood, teak and large number of other woods
• This plywood is lot easier to dye and draw on
than any other plywood.
Decorative Plywood

25. • BWR : boiling water resistant
• BWP : boiling water proof
This grade is mostly used in kitchens.
• MR : moisture resistant
Plywood Grades

26.  Dimensional stability
 Uniform strength in along & across the board
 Resistance to warping , cracking & twisting
 Economical & affective utilization of wood
 Use of fast growing & non durable species
 Solid wood is 20 times stronger along the grain
than across. Plywood over 10mm thick is almost
equal in strength in both directions
 Plywood can be formed or bent to make a curve.
Advantages of Plywood

27.  Veneer Checking
 Discoloration of plywood
 The layering effect in plywood makes it porous
and susceptible to water damage if exposed
over time. Plywood becomes heavy when wet
 Because plywood is fibrous, it will easily
absorb water and water vapor, causing it to
bubble or delaminate.
Disadvantages of Plywood

28.  Floors, walls and roofs in
house constructions
 Furniture
 Structure panel
 Vehicle internal body
work
 Packages and boxes
 Fencing
 Floor base
 Container flooring
Uses of Plywood

29.  Playground equipment
 Musical instruments
 Sports equipment
 High-end loud speakers
 Fences for demanding
outdoor advertising
Uses of Plywood (Cont’d)

30. Thanks to All
for
Your Attention