This document discusses various types of disasters including natural phenomena like earthquakes, hurricanes, and epidemics as well as man-made disasters such as fires, explosions, and nuclear incidents. It provides examples of major 20th century disasters that caused significant loss of life. To cope with disasters, it recommends maintaining presence of mind, quickly surveying the situation, and being alert for immediate dangers. The document also discusses different forms of environmental pollution including land, air, indoor, outdoor, noise and toxic pollution and their effects on human health.