Disasters can take many different forms, and the duration can range from an hourly disruption to days or weeks of ongoing destruction. Below is a list of the various types of disasters - both natural and man-made or technological in nature – that can impact a community.
NATURAL TYPES OF DISASTERS
Agricultural diseases & pests
Damaging Winds
Drought and water shortage
Earthquakes
Emergency diseases (pandemic influenza)
Extreme heat
Floods and flash floods
Hail
Hurricanes and tropical storms
Landslides & debris flow
Thunderstorms and lighting
Tornadoes
Tsunamis
Wildfire
Winter and ice storms
Sinkholes
- Hurricanes and tropical storms are among the most powerful natural disasters because of their size and destructive potential. Tornadoes are relatively brief but violent, potentially causing winds in excess of 200 mph. Both earthquakes and tornadoes strike suddenly without warning. Flooding is the most common of natural hazards, and requires an understanding of the natural systems of our environment, including floodplains and the frequency of flooding events. Wildfires are more prevalent in the event of a drought. Disasters impacting food supply can be extremely costly; American officials say that a food contamination scare similar to the one that hit the Belgian poultry industry in the 1990’s could jeopardize U.S. agricultural exports in excess of $140 billion.
MAN-MADE AND TECHNOLOGICAL TYPES OF DISASTERS
Hazardous materials
Power service disruption & blackout
Nuclear power plant and nuclear blast
Radiological emergencies
Chemical threat and biological weapons
Cyber attacks
Explosion
Civil unrest
Disasters also can be caused by humans. Hazardous materials emergencies include chemical spills and groundwater contamination. Workplace fires are more common and can cause significant property damage and loss of life. Communities are also vulnerable to threats posed by extremist groups who use violence against both people and property. High-risk targets include military and civilian government facilities, international airports, large cities and high-profile landmarks. Cyber-terrorism involves attacks against computers and networks done to intimidate or coerce a government or its people for political or social objectives.
A key concept on the subject DRRR. This entails the definition of vulnerability, types of vulnerability and the key concepts of vulnerability. A summary definition of risk and hazard are also observable.
A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to call for extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area.(WHO, 1995)
An occurrence of a severity and magnitude that normally results in death, injuries and property damage that cannot be managed through the routine procedure and resources of government.- FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency)
A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature or man made that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance. American Red Cross (ARC)
Disaster Nursing can be defined as the adaptation Of professional nursing skills in recognizing and meeting the nursing physical and emotional needs resulting from a disaster.
The overall goal of disaster nursing is to achieve the best possible level of health for the people and the community involved in the disaster. “Disaster Nursing is nursing practiced in a situation where professional supplies, equipment, physical facilities and utilities are limited or not available”.
D - Destructions I - Incidents S - Sufferings A - Administrative, Financial Failures. S - Sentiments T - Tragedies E - Eruption of Communicable diseases. R - Research programme and its implementation
Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath are known as Disaster Preparedness.
A key concept on the subject DRRR. This entails the definition of vulnerability, types of vulnerability and the key concepts of vulnerability. A summary definition of risk and hazard are also observable.
A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to call for extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area.(WHO, 1995)
An occurrence of a severity and magnitude that normally results in death, injuries and property damage that cannot be managed through the routine procedure and resources of government.- FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency)
A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature or man made that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance. American Red Cross (ARC)
Disaster Nursing can be defined as the adaptation Of professional nursing skills in recognizing and meeting the nursing physical and emotional needs resulting from a disaster.
The overall goal of disaster nursing is to achieve the best possible level of health for the people and the community involved in the disaster. “Disaster Nursing is nursing practiced in a situation where professional supplies, equipment, physical facilities and utilities are limited or not available”.
D - Destructions I - Incidents S - Sufferings A - Administrative, Financial Failures. S - Sentiments T - Tragedies E - Eruption of Communicable diseases. R - Research programme and its implementation
Measures taken in anticipation of a disaster to ensure that appropriate and effective actions are taken in the aftermath are known as Disaster Preparedness.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. What is a Disaster
?
• A disaster is defined as an event of substantial
extent causing significant physical damage or
destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to
the environment.
• It is a phenomenon that can cause damage to
life and property and destroy the
economic, social and cultural life of people.
4. Natural
Disasters
A natural disaster can cause loss of life
or property damage, and typically
leaves some economic damage in its
wake, the severity of which depends on
the affected population's resilience, or
ability to recover.
5. Earthquak
es
An earthquake (also known as a
quake, tremor or temblor) is the result of a
sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust
that creates seismic waves.
6. Volcanic
Eruptions
During a volcanic eruption; lava, ash, volcanic
bombs and blocks, and various gases are expelled
from a volcanic vent or fissure. Several types of
volcanic eruptions have been distinguished by
volcanologists.
7. Flood
s
The European Union (EU) Floods Directive
defines A flood is an overflow of waterthat
submerges land which is usually dry.
8. Cyclo
ne
Cyclone is a system of winds rotating inwards
to an area of low barometric pressure, with an
anticlockwise (northern hemisphere) or
clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation;
a depression.
9. Man-made
Disasters
A disastrous event caused directly and
principally by one or more identifiable
deliberate or negligent human actions. Also
called human-made disaster.
10. Stamped
e
A stampede is an act of mass impulse
among herd of animals or a crowd of
people in which the herd collectively
begins running with no clear direction or
purpose
11. Oil
Spills
An oil spill is the release of a liquid petroleum
hydrocarbon into the environment, especially
marine areas, due to human activity, and is a
form of pollution.
12. Terroris
m
Violent acts that are intended to create fear
(terror); are perpetrated for a
religious, political, or ideological goal; and
deliberately target or disregard the safety of
non-combatants
