Endocrine Chart
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The document lists the major endocrine glands of the human body, their locations, and the hormones they secrete. It details that the hypothalamus and pituitary gland are located in the brain and regulate several other glands. The thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, gonads and pineal are peripheral glands that influence processes throughout the body such as growth, metabolism, sexual development and emotional responses.
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Methods of reproduction can be sexual, requiring two parents, or asexual with one parent. Asexual reproduction results in offspring that are exact clones of the parent with little variation. Common asexual reproduction methods include binary fission in single-celled organisms, budding where new growth emerges from the parent, and fragmentation where a parent breaks into pieces that form new individuals. Sexual reproduction requires an egg and sperm and results in offspring with unique genetic combinations from both parents, increasing variation within a species.
Period in history of philippine music
Early Filipino music was simple, using indigenous instruments like bamboo. Their songs had religious and social functions and were often recitative with two-note melodies. Later influences included neighboring cultures through trade, introducing instruments and scales. Theaters emerged in the 18th century for plays featuring musical genres like moro-moro, carillo and zarzuela. Formal music education developed under American influence. The 20th century saw the rise of original Pinoy music genres and greater nationalism in musical forms and organizations.
Fertilization
1) After ovulation, the egg travels to the fallopian tube where millions of sperm begin their journey to fertilize the egg.
2) Fertilization occurs when a single sperm penetrates the egg in the fallopian tube within 24 hours.
3) The fertilized egg then divides rapidly as it travels to the uterus, where it implants in the uterine wall within a week of conception.
Heredity
This document discusses heredity and genetics concepts including:
1) Genes are located on chromosomes and are passed from parents to offspring. Genes come in pairs and determine characteristics.
2) Dominant genes will be expressed even if only one allele is present, while recessive genes require two copies to be expressed.
3) Crossing heterozygous parents (with one dominant and one recessive allele) results in a 3:1 ratio of offspring displaying the dominant versus recessive trait.
4) Sex is determined by X and Y chromosomes, with females having two X chromosomes and males having one X and one Y.
Heredity revised guided discussion 3 5-08
This document discusses heredity and inherited traits. It explains that traits are passed down from parents to offspring through genes located on chromosomes. There are dominant and recessive traits, where dominant traits will be expressed even if only one parent contributes the gene, while recessive traits require genes from both parents. The document uses Gregor Mendel's experiments with pea plants and the concept of Punnett squares to demonstrate how traits are predicted to be passed to offspring.
Fungi
Fungi are a diverse group of organisms that include mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and lichens. They have filamentous hyphae and obtain nutrients by absorption. Fungi play important ecological roles as decomposers, symbionts that form mycorrhizal relationships with plants, and parasites. They reproduce both sexually through spores or asexually through vegetative growth. There are over 100,000 described fungal species classified into phyla including Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Fungi interact with humans both beneficially through food production and medicine, and harmfully through disease and
Bacteria
Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that come in various shapes such as rods (bacilli), spheres (cocci), or spirals. Most bacteria are harmless or even beneficial, but some can cause illness in humans called pathogens. Common foodborne pathogens include E. coli, Salmonella, and Listeria. While billions of bacteria live on and inside the human body, people can reduce their risk of illness from pathogens by proper handwashing and safe food handling practices like thorough cooking.
Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction involves one parent and results in offspring that are genetically identical. There are six main types of asexual reproduction: sporulation, fragmentation, regeneration, binary fission, budding, and vegetative propagation. Sporulation uses spores to produce new organisms, fragmentation occurs when an organism breaks into parts that form new individuals, and regeneration allows organisms to regrow injured or lost parts. Binary fission is cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, while budding involves an outgrowth from the parent that later detaches to form a new individual. Vegetative propagation uses plant parts like bulbs, rhizomes, runners, tubers, or cuttings to generate new plants.
Microscope
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Heredity Inheritance and Variation
This document discusses sources of variation in species. It states that genetic information is stored in genes on chromosomes, and that individuals have different genetic information, leading to variation. It also notes that environmental differences and a combination of genetic and environmental factors can cause variation. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of egg and sperm cells from two parents, mixing their characteristics and increasing variation in offspring. Asexual reproduction can produce genetically identical offspring called clones.
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Endocrine Chart
- 1. GLANDLOCATIONHORMONEHypothalamusdeep within the brainPituitary-Anterior Lobe-Posterior Lobe base of the brain just beneath the hypothalamusgrowth hormone, thyrothropin, prolactin, corticotrophin ADH, oxytocinThyroidfront part of the lower neckthyroxin, calcitoninParathyroidfour corners of the thyroid glandparathormoneAdrenal-medulla-cortextop of each kidneyadrenaline, norepinephrinealdosterone, cortisone, hydrocortisonePancreaslying transversely across the posterior wall of the abdomeninsulin, glucagonGonads-ovaries-testespelvic cavityoutside the body and enclosed in a scrotumestrogen, progesteronetestosterone, androgenThymus upper thorax behind the breast bone and extends below the thyroid glandthymosinPinealoutgrowth of the brainmelatonin<br />