The document explores the concept of lying, defining it as a statement known to be false with the intent to deceive, and categorizes lies into four types: pro social, selfish, self enhancement, and antisocial. It discusses various methods for detecting lies, including physical cues and technology like polygraphs. Additionally, it summarizes findings from a 2008 honesty survey that investigates people's lying abilities and tendencies across different demographics.

1. EMOT IONS Lies

2. What is a Lie? A Lie is defined as a statement that one knows to be false especially with the intention to deceive.

3. Types Of Lies They are four main types of lies Pro Social Self Enhancement Selfish Antisocial

4. Types Of Lies Pro Social – Lying to protect someone to benefit or help others. Selfish – Lying to protect self at the expense of another and/or to conceal a misdeed. Self Enhancement – Lying to save face to avoid embarrassment, disapproval or punishment. Antisocial – Lying to hurt someone intentionally.

5. Can We Detect Lies ?

6. There are several modern methods of detecting a lie: Movement Lack of Movement Eye Contact Facial Expressions Incongruent Behaviour

7. Movement Fidgeting Covering mouth or face Scratching the nose or face Nervous hand movements Shuffling the feet

8. Visual Accessing Cues Visually remembered Images Up and to the Right Visually constructed images Up and to the Left

9. Natural Smile Many Facial Muscles groups move involuntary Forehead muscles Push down Cheeks and Jaw Move Nose Makes a Wrinkle Eyes Become Squished

10. Force Or Fake Smiles Force or Polite Smile (Only Muscles Directly around the Mouth or involved).

11. Polygraph Machine

12. Emotion Lie Detectors

13. Voice Stress Analysis

14. How good are people at lying?

15. Honesty Survey 2008’ Be Honest About Your Lies! Polled 300 people 50% men and 50% Female Age range= 18 – 50 With Varied Education and Occupation

16. Honesty Survey 2008 Main Objectives: How good are people at lying? What group of people do you think are better liars?

17. The Polled Results

18. Moral Type Questions :

19. Polled Percentage Moral Type Questions, cont’d.:

20. Which age Group Lies More?

21. Have you lied in the past few weeks?

22. Who Lies More Men Are Women ?

23. How Good are people at lying?