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1. EMBEDDED SYSTEM
TRENDS AND
DEVELOPMENTS
By
Tamilarasan.L
Gateway embedded system,trichy.

2. Embedded Systems
• An embedded system is some combination of
computer hardware and software, either fixed in
capability or programmable, that is specifically
designed for a particular function

3. • Normal everyday items contain computer chips,
complete with CPU, memory, programs
– Television, Automobiles, Irrigation
– cell phones, GPS
– microwave, home alarms
– network routers, game consoles
• Special purpose machines contain computers
– Manufacturing,sensing
– ATM machines, kiosks
– Medical Instruments , Aircraft , Satellites

4. Application Domains:
– Automotive, Avionics, Industrial Automation,
Telecommunication, Consumer Electronics, Medical.
Cutting edge:
– Multicore processors, Network on Chip, System on chip (e.g. the
iPhone, PS-3)

5. Companies looking for professionals
• Firmware Engineer
• Hardware Engineer
• Verilog, VHDL or VHSIC - VLSI design
• Circuit design and simulations
• Digital PCB design and routing

6. Embedded Systems
• A “special purpose” unit
– e.g. simple cell phone
• Has a CPU, memory and programs that control
mainly physical things
– The program is preinstalled and cannot be changed
easily
• Has limited processing power and limited
electrical power and limited data storage
• Has “intelligence”
– Can be configured, personalized, “programmed”

7. How to learn embedded system
• Learning an embedded system includes learning
both software and hardware aspects,
• C programming book

8. Schematic
Processor
mem
Observe
(Input)
Control
(Output) Motor/Light
Temperature
Sensor

9. Microcontrollers Available
• 8051, 8096: Primitive μCs from Intel
• PIC series: μCs from Microchip
• ATmega series: AVR μCs from Atmel
• MSP series: from Texas Instruments
• Coldfire series: from Freescale Semiconductor
• LPC series: from NXP Semiconductors
• RX100/200 series: from RENESAS

10. The Seven Segment Display
Display
ControllerCounter
Clock
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
…..

11. Automobile Computers
• Engine control computer
• Simplification of the manufacture and design of
cars
• Reduction of the amount of wiring in cars
• New safety features
• New comfort and convenience features

12. Engine Control unit (ECU)
• Read sensors (temp, pedal position, exhaust)
and control fuel injector and spark timing
• Control engine fan
• Handle the CAN (communication area
networking) that is becoming common in cars.
• Interface with climate and
other passenger controls
• Provide diagnostics

13. Other computers in car
• There are more processors in the car other than
ECU
– ABS system
– Climate control
– Cruise control
– Dashboard
– Automatic doors.

14. Embedded Systems
• There are more “embedded systems” in the
world than regular computers
• Explosive growth
• Research directions:
– Power management
– “system on a chip”
– “network on a chip”

15. Characteristics
• Cost and power consumption
• Reliability
• 24x7
• Performance
• Programs on an embedded system often must
run with real time constraints with limited
hardware resources.

16. Thank youThank you