Electricity and magnetism vocabulary
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This document defines key terms related to electricity, magnetism, and circuits. It explains that a force causes change, magnets exhibit magnetism, magnetism responds to magnetic fields, opposite poles repel while like poles attract, induced magnetism produces magnetism in metals, permanent magnets retain magnetism without fields, magnetic fields act around magnets or charges, batteries contain cells that store electric charges, electricity sources generate power, receivers receive energy in circuits, circuits form closed or open paths, filaments are thin threads, and components are parts of a whole system.
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Magnet and magnetism
Magnetism is considered as one component of electromagnetic forces which refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that create fields that attract or repel other objects.
6.3 - Magnetic Force and Field
1. Every magnet has two poles, north and south, and magnetic fields are described by field lines that run from the north to the south pole.
2. A current-carrying wire in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field. Fleming's left hand rule can be used to determine the direction of this force.
3. Charged particles like electrons moving through a magnetic field experience a force perpendicular to their motion, causing them to travel in a circular path. The magnetic field provides the centripetal force.
Magnetic field
The document is a presentation about magnetic fields and field lines. It defines magnetic field as the space around a magnet where magnetic force can be felt. It describes how to locate magnetic fields using iron filings or a compass, and defines magnetic field lines as the paths that an independent north pole would take in a magnetic field. It discusses the properties of strong and weak magnetic fields based on the closeness of field lines, and types of magnetic fields such as uniform and non-uniform. Key properties of magnetic field lines are that they are continuous closed curves, give the direction of the magnetic field, and do not intersect.
Electric potential difference (voltage)
The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and electric fields. It defines key terms like gravitational potential energy, gravitational potential, electric potential energy, electric potential, and electric potential difference. Gravitational potential energy and electric potential energy are defined as the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational or electric field. Gravitational potential and electric potential refer to the potential energy per unit mass or charge. The electric potential difference between two points is the change in electric potential energy when a charge is moved between those points.
Magnetism
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses how magnets have been known for centuries and were used for navigation. It explains that all magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion. It describes the properties of magnets including poles, magnetic fields, and how cutting a magnet produces two magnets. The document also discusses how the Earth itself acts as a magnet and how compasses use the Earth's magnetic field.
Electromagnetism
1. When a current-carrying wire passes through a magnetic field perpendicular to it, the wire experiences a force perpendicular to both the wire and the magnetic field. Reversing either the current or the magnetic field reverses the direction of the force.
2. A coil carrying a current in a magnetic field experiences a turning force due to the interaction between the magnetic fields. In a DC motor, this principle is used to convert electrical energy to mechanical motion as the turning coil is connected to a power source via a split-ring commutator.
3. The split-ring commutator continuously reverses the current in the coil to keep it turning in one direction. The coil is wound around a soft iron
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are closely related phenomena. Electricity is the flow of electric charge, commonly electrons, through a conductor. Static electricity refers to the build up of electric charge on an object from electron transfer. Magnetism is produced by electric currents and magnetic materials contain magnetic domains that align in magnetic fields. Electromagnets, electric motors, and generators demonstrate the interconversion between electricity and magnetism through electromagnetic induction.
Static Electricity
Static electricity occurs when objects become electrically charged through the transfer of electrons. Charging occurs when two materials are rubbed together, causing electrons to move from one material to the other. This leaves one material with an excess of electrons and a negative charge, and the other material with a deficit of electrons and a positive charge. The electric charges remain on the surface of the objects until they are given a path to ground or neutralize each other through contact or discharge.
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Magnet and magnetism
Magnetism is considered as one component of electromagnetic forces which refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets, objects that create fields that attract or repel other objects.
6.3 - Magnetic Force and Field
1. Every magnet has two poles, north and south, and magnetic fields are described by field lines that run from the north to the south pole.
2. A current-carrying wire in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field. Fleming's left hand rule can be used to determine the direction of this force.
3. Charged particles like electrons moving through a magnetic field experience a force perpendicular to their motion, causing them to travel in a circular path. The magnetic field provides the centripetal force.
Magnetic field
The document is a presentation about magnetic fields and field lines. It defines magnetic field as the space around a magnet where magnetic force can be felt. It describes how to locate magnetic fields using iron filings or a compass, and defines magnetic field lines as the paths that an independent north pole would take in a magnetic field. It discusses the properties of strong and weak magnetic fields based on the closeness of field lines, and types of magnetic fields such as uniform and non-uniform. Key properties of magnetic field lines are that they are continuous closed curves, give the direction of the magnetic field, and do not intersect.
Electric potential difference (voltage)
The document discusses concepts related to work, energy, and electric fields. It defines key terms like gravitational potential energy, gravitational potential, electric potential energy, electric potential, and electric potential difference. Gravitational potential energy and electric potential energy are defined as the energy stored in an object due to its position in a gravitational or electric field. Gravitational potential and electric potential refer to the potential energy per unit mass or charge. The electric potential difference between two points is the change in electric potential energy when a charge is moved between those points.
Magnetism
This document provides an overview of magnetism and magnetic fields. It discusses how magnets have been known for centuries and were used for navigation. It explains that all magnetic phenomena result from forces between electric charges in motion. It describes the properties of magnets including poles, magnetic fields, and how cutting a magnet produces two magnets. The document also discusses how the Earth itself acts as a magnet and how compasses use the Earth's magnetic field.
Electromagnetism
1. When a current-carrying wire passes through a magnetic field perpendicular to it, the wire experiences a force perpendicular to both the wire and the magnetic field. Reversing either the current or the magnetic field reverses the direction of the force.
2. A coil carrying a current in a magnetic field experiences a turning force due to the interaction between the magnetic fields. In a DC motor, this principle is used to convert electrical energy to mechanical motion as the turning coil is connected to a power source via a split-ring commutator.
3. The split-ring commutator continuously reverses the current in the coil to keep it turning in one direction. The coil is wound around a soft iron
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are closely related phenomena. Electricity is the flow of electric charge, commonly electrons, through a conductor. Static electricity refers to the build up of electric charge on an object from electron transfer. Magnetism is produced by electric currents and magnetic materials contain magnetic domains that align in magnetic fields. Electromagnets, electric motors, and generators demonstrate the interconversion between electricity and magnetism through electromagnetic induction.
Static Electricity
Static electricity occurs when objects become electrically charged through the transfer of electrons. Charging occurs when two materials are rubbed together, causing electrons to move from one material to the other. This leaves one material with an excess of electrons and a negative charge, and the other material with a deficit of electrons and a positive charge. The electric charges remain on the surface of the objects until they are given a path to ground or neutralize each other through contact or discharge.
Electric Charge
The document discusses different aspects of electric charge including:
1) Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. Objects with equal numbers of protons and electrons are neutral, while imbalances lead to electric charges.
2) Charged objects exert electric forces on each other - opposites attract and likes repel. The elementary charge unit is 1 electron or proton.
3) Neutral objects can become polarized when near a charged object, gaining opposite charges on opposite sides and becoming attracted to both positive and negative charges.
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This document provides an overview of electricity and magnetism. It discusses electric and magnetic fields, how magnetic fields are produced by electric currents, and some applications like electromagnets and motors. The key topics covered include electric charge, electric fields, magnetic fields, electromagnetism, and basic electric circuits. Hands-on activities are also included to demonstrate these concepts.
Magnetic force
The magnetic field B is defined by the Lorentz force law, which states that the magnetic force Fmag on a particle with charge q and velocity v is equal to q crossed with the product of v and B. This causes the particle to move in a circular path, with the magnetic force providing the necessary centripetal force. Magnetic field lines are used to represent magnetic fields graphically, with the direction of the force on a charged particle given by the right-hand rule where it is perpendicular to both the velocity and magnetic field vectors.
Electricity & Magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are intertwined forces that result from the interaction of electric charges. Electricity is the flow of electric charges called electrons, which can produce both electric and magnetic fields. Magnetism is caused by the magnetic fields that surround current-carrying wires and electric charges in motion. Technologies like motors, generators, and transformers exploit the relationship between electricity and magnetism to convert different kinds of energy into useful work.
Electrostatic forces
The document discusses the properties of electrostatics and the interactions between charged particles. It states that like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This is illustrated through diagrams of positive and negative charges interacting. The relationships between attractive and repulsive forces based on charge are repeated several times. The document also includes an image of an electroscope, which is used to detect charge through the movement of gold leaves.
Magnetism
1) Earth itself acts like a giant magnet with a north and south pole that generates a magnetic field extending 50,000 miles into space, allowing compasses to function by pointing towards Earth's magnetic north pole.
2) A compass needle is magnetic and orients itself towards the north-seeking pole of Earth's magnetic field, though it may be affected inside steel buildings or ships due to magnetic attraction between the needle and nearby steel.
3) Magnetic fields surround all magnets and are represented by magnetic lines of force showing the direction and strength of the magnetic force, with lines closest together at the poles where the force is strongest.
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The document discusses electricity and electrical circuits. It introduces Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison, who were important figures in understanding and advancing electricity. It defines electricity as the flow of electrons along a wire, which is called an electric current. The document also defines electrical circuits and their components, including cells/batteries, switches, lamps, and wires. It explains how circuits need to be complete for electricity to flow and power the lamp.
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Electricity can be summarized as follows:
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This document discusses magnetic fields and their properties. It explains that magnets have two poles, north and south, and that like poles repel while unlike poles attract. It defines magnetic fields as representing magnetic forces that act at a distance without physical contact. It describes magnetic field lines and their properties, including that their direction shows the field orientation and strength increases with closer spacing. It discusses the force on moving charges in magnetic fields, including how this causes circular or spiral motion, and explains the Hall effect where a magnetic field perpendicular to current flow in a conductor creates a voltage across it.
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- Induced magnetism caused by an external magnetic influence.
- Differences between magnetic, non-magnetic, and magnetized materials and how to test for magnetism.
- Electrical and physical methods of magnetization and demagnetization.
- Plotting magnetic field lines using a compass to map field patterns.
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force usually exhibits electromagnetic fields such as electric fields, magnetic fields, and light, and is one of the four fundamental interactions (commonly called forces) in nature. The other three fundamental interactions are the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation.[1] At high energy the weak force and electromagnetic force are unified as a single electroweak force.
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Electricity (1)
1. Static electricity is a stationary electric charge produced by friction that causes sparks or attraction of dust. The triboelectric effect produces charge when objects rub against each other.
2. Materials are either conductors that allow electron flow or insulators that impede electron flow. Common conductors include metals and aqueous salt solutions, while common insulators include plastics, glass, and dry air.
3. Electrostatic induction modifies charge distribution on one material under the influence of a nearby charged object, allowing for charging by proximity without direct contact.
Electricity
1. Static electricity is a stationary electric charge produced by friction that causes sparks or attraction of dust. The triboelectric effect produces charge when objects rub against each other.
2. Materials are either conductors that allow electron flow or insulators that impede electron flow. Common conductors include metals and aqueous salt solutions, while common insulators include plastics, glass, and dry air.
3. Electrostatic induction modifies charge distribution on one material under the influence of a nearby charged object, allowing for charging by proximity without direct contact.
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3) Neutral objects can become polarized when near a charged object, gaining opposite charges on opposite sides and becoming attracted to both positive and negative charges.
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The magnetic field B is defined by the Lorentz force law, which states that the magnetic force Fmag on a particle with charge q and velocity v is equal to q crossed with the product of v and B. This causes the particle to move in a circular path, with the magnetic force providing the necessary centripetal force. Magnetic field lines are used to represent magnetic fields graphically, with the direction of the force on a charged particle given by the right-hand rule where it is perpendicular to both the velocity and magnetic field vectors.
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Electrostatic forces
The document discusses the properties of electrostatics and the interactions between charged particles. It states that like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This is illustrated through diagrams of positive and negative charges interacting. The relationships between attractive and repulsive forces based on charge are repeated several times. The document also includes an image of an electroscope, which is used to detect charge through the movement of gold leaves.
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1) Earth itself acts like a giant magnet with a north and south pole that generates a magnetic field extending 50,000 miles into space, allowing compasses to function by pointing towards Earth's magnetic north pole.
2) A compass needle is magnetic and orients itself towards the north-seeking pole of Earth's magnetic field, though it may be affected inside steel buildings or ships due to magnetic attraction between the needle and nearby steel.
3) Magnetic fields surround all magnets and are represented by magnetic lines of force showing the direction and strength of the magnetic force, with lines closest together at the poles where the force is strongest.
Electricity
The document discusses electricity and electrical circuits. It introduces Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison, who were important figures in understanding and advancing electricity. It defines electricity as the flow of electrons along a wire, which is called an electric current. The document also defines electrical circuits and their components, including cells/batteries, switches, lamps, and wires. It explains how circuits need to be complete for electricity to flow and power the lamp.
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Electricity can be summarized as follows:
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This document discusses magnetic fields and their properties. It explains that magnets have two poles, north and south, and that like poles repel while unlike poles attract. It defines magnetic fields as representing magnetic forces that act at a distance without physical contact. It describes magnetic field lines and their properties, including that their direction shows the field orientation and strength increases with closer spacing. It discusses the force on moving charges in magnetic fields, including how this causes circular or spiral motion, and explains the Hall effect where a magnetic field perpendicular to current flow in a conductor creates a voltage across it.
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The document discusses various topics related to magnetism including:
- The ancient discovery of magnetism in lodestone by the Chinese in 2000 BC who used it for navigation.
- The properties of magnets including having magnetic fields with poles that attract or repel other magnets and magnetic materials.
- Induced magnetism caused by an external magnetic influence.
- Differences between magnetic, non-magnetic, and magnetized materials and how to test for magnetism.
- Electrical and physical methods of magnetization and demagnetization.
- Plotting magnetic field lines using a compass to map field patterns.
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Magnetism and Electricity - ppt useful for grade 6,7 and 8
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Similar to Electricity and magnetism vocabulary
Electricity (1)
1. Static electricity is a stationary electric charge produced by friction that causes sparks or attraction of dust. The triboelectric effect produces charge when objects rub against each other.
2. Materials are either conductors that allow electron flow or insulators that impede electron flow. Common conductors include metals and aqueous salt solutions, while common insulators include plastics, glass, and dry air.
3. Electrostatic induction modifies charge distribution on one material under the influence of a nearby charged object, allowing for charging by proximity without direct contact.
Electricity
1. Static electricity is a stationary electric charge produced by friction that causes sparks or attraction of dust. The triboelectric effect produces charge when objects rub against each other.
2. Materials are either conductors that allow electron flow or insulators that impede electron flow. Common conductors include metals and aqueous salt solutions, while common insulators include plastics, glass, and dry air.
3. Electrostatic induction modifies charge distribution on one material under the influence of a nearby charged object, allowing for charging by proximity without direct contact.
Electricity & magnetism
Electricity can be static or current. Static electricity builds up on the surface of objects and does not flow, while current electricity involves the flow of electrons. There are two types of current - direct current where electrons flow in one direction, and alternating current where electrons change direction periodically. Coulomb's law states that the electrical force between two charged objects is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Electric circuits can be either series circuits where components are lined up along one path, or parallel circuits which have multiple branching paths.
Electricity
- Matter is composed of atoms which contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. The attraction between protons and electrons holds the atom together.
- Electricity is the movement of electric charge. Objects become charged through friction, conduction, or induction. Voltage is the difference in electric potential needed to move charges between two points.
- An electric circuit requires a power source, wires to conduct electricity, and a load to use the power. Circuits can be connected in series or parallel. Electricity powers many modern devices through generation, transmission, and use of electric current and fields.
Electricity
Electricity is the movement of electric charge. Electric charge can be positive or negative, and like charges repel while opposite charges attract. The amount of charge and distance between charges determine the electric force. An electric field exists around charged objects, and objects become charged through friction, conduction, or induction. Electricity can be used to power circuits consisting of a source, wires, and a load to convert the energy into other forms. Circuit failures are prevented by fuses and circuit breakers.
Electricity (1)
Electricity is the movement of electric charge. Electric charge can be positive or negative, and like charges repel while opposite charges attract. The amount of charge and distance between charges determine the electric force. An electric field exists around charged objects, and objects become charged through friction, conduction, or induction. Electricity can be used to power circuits, where current is the flow of electric charge. Circuits have an energy source, wires to conduct current, and a load to use the energy. Circuits can be connected in series or parallel configurations.
Electricity
Electricity is caused by an imbalance of electric charges between objects. There are two types of electric charges - positive charges (protons) and negative charges (electrons). When objects are rubbed together they can exchange charges and become electrically imbalanced, causing static electricity. Electric current flows when charges move through a complete circuit between two objects with different electric potentials like batteries. The current is determined by voltage and resistance based on Ohm's Law. Circuits can be connected in series or parallel configurations which impact how voltage and current are distributed.
Electricity
Electricity is the movement of electric charge. Objects become charged through friction, conduction, or induction which moves electrons on or off objects. The electric force between charged objects depends on the amount of charge and distance between them and exists within an electric field. Electricity can take the form of static electricity at rest or a dynamic electric current. Current, voltage, resistance, circuits, and electromagnetism are key concepts in how electricity behaves and is used.
1st leacture
Semiconductors are materials that conduct electricity between conductors and insulators. Silicon is a commonly used semiconductor that has four valence electrons. When energy is supplied to silicon, some electrons jump from the valence band to the conduction band, leaving holes behind. This creates electron-hole pairs that allow current to flow through the semiconductor when a voltage is applied. The movement of free electrons is called electron current, while the movement of holes acts as another type of current flow in semiconductors.
Electromanets
Magnets have two poles and a magnetic field that allows them to attract or repel other objects. A magnetic field is the magnetized region surrounding a magnet that it uses to pick up metal objects. Motors use energy to move and in doing so generate electrical energy, while generators produce energy that can then power other devices.
Electrical circuits (1)
This document provides an overview of electrical circuits. It defines key concepts like charge, electric field, electromagnetic field, and current. It discusses the different types of circuit elements including active elements like voltage sources and passive elements like resistors, inductors, and capacitors. It describes circuit elements as being uni-directional or bi-directional, linear or non-linear, lumped or distributed, and uni-lateral or bi-lateral. Resistors are introduced as a fundamental passive element that limits current flow and is represented by the letter R.
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Magnetism and Electromagnetism discusses the relationship between magnetism and electricity. It describes how magnets have north and south poles that attract or repel, and how the Earth itself acts as a large magnet. It then explains how an electric current produces magnetism through electromagnets, and how changing magnetic fields induce electric currents, the basis of electric generators. Transformers are also summarized, which use this principle to increase or decrease voltage for power transmission.
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The document discusses key concepts about electrical energy including:
- Atoms are made up of a nucleus surrounded by electrons that carry a negative charge. Protons in the nucleus carry a positive charge while neutrons carry no charge.
- Static electricity occurs when surfaces rub against each other, transferring electrons between them and building up positive or negative charges.
- Electric current involves the flow of electrons along a wire or conductor, which can be measured in amps. Voltage measures the energy supplied by these charges and is measured in volts.
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Electric current flows when charges move through a conducting material in a closed circuit. The document discusses key concepts related to electricity including:
- Electricity is a type of energy that can build up in one place or flow from one place to another as static or current electricity.
- An electric circuit allows current to flow when it provides a complete loop or path for charges to move through components like wires, batteries, and light bulbs.
- Key factors that control current in a circuit include resistance of the materials and voltage of the power source according to Ohm's law.
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This document provides an overview of basics of electrical engineering, specifically focusing on magnets and magnetism. It defines different types of magnets including permanent magnets, temporary magnets, and electromagnets. It describes magnetic domains, magnetic dipoles, magnetic fields, flux, and various laws of magnetism including Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, force law, and Faraday's law. It also discusses applications such as solenoids, transformers, and generators.
Electromagnetism
- The Earth has a magnetic field generated by circulating electric currents in its molten metallic core.
- A compass needle aligns with the Earth's magnetic field, pointing north. However, the North Magnetic Pole is actually the south magnetic pole.
- All matter is magnetic to some degree due to the orbital and spin motions of electrons. Materials can be classified as diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or ferromagnetic based on their response to magnetic fields.
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This document discusses magnetism and magnetic materials. It defines a magnet and magnetic field. It explains that magnets have north and south poles and that opposite poles attract while like poles repel. It describes different types of magnetic materials including ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and diamagnetic materials. The document also discusses how to magnetize and demagnetize ferromagnetic materials as well as applications of magnetism such as in electromagnets and medical imaging.
Scince
This document defines key vocabulary terms related to electromagnetism, including magnetic field, compass, polarity, circuit, electromagnet, attach, repel, current, voltage, conductor, insulator, permanent magnets, and temporary magnets. It also briefly discusses that electricity comes from powered things and lists some common types of magnets such as permanent, temporary, bar, rubber, and electromagnets.
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The document provides an overview of magnetism and electromagnetism, describing the properties of magnets including magnetic materials, poles, attraction and repulsion of poles, and how electromagnets work using coils of wire and electric current. It also discusses magnetic fields and how they can be observed using iron filings or small compasses, as well as different types of magnets such as bar magnets and horseshoe magnets.
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Both bar magnets and electromagnets have magnetic fields and attract iron materials. However, electromagnets can be turned on and off by controlling the electric current, while bar magnets maintain their magnetism permanently. Additionally, electromagnets can be made stronger by increasing the number of wire coils or electric current, whereas the strength of bar magnets cannot be controlled.
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Electricity and magnetism vocabulary
- 2. force: • In physics, a force is any influence that causes an object to undergo a certain change.
- 3. Magnet: • A piece of iron (or an ore, alloy, or other material) that has its component atoms so ordered that it exhibits properties of magnetism.
- 4. magnetism: • Magnetism is a property of materials that respond to an applied magnetic field.
- 5. Attract: • To cause to draw near or adhere by physical force
- 6. repel: • The north pole of one magnet will repel the north pole of another.
- 7. Temporary magnet: • A material that shows magnetic properties only while exposed to an external magnetic field.
- 8. Induced magnetism • Ability of a magnetic field to produce magnetism in a metal.
- 9. permanent magnet: • A magnet that retains its magnetic properties in the absence of an inducing field or current.
- 10. Magnetic field • A region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts.
- 11. D-cell • Source of electricity
- 12. battery: • A container consisting of one or more cells carrying an electric charge and used as a source of power.
- 13. electricity source • An electricity source are energy resources that are available to generate electricity
- 14. Electricity receiver: • An electrical receiver is the part in a complete circuit that receives the electrical energy, if in a build circuit the receiver will be the light bulb
- 15. circuit • A roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and finishes at the same place.
- 16. filament: • Very fine thread
- 17. Component: • it is a constituent part or element or ingredient
- 18. Closed circuit: • A closed circuit is an electric path that provides an endless and uninterrupted flow of current.
- 19. Open circuit: • Discontinuous circuit through which no current can flow