The document discusses electricity and electrical circuits. It introduces Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Edison, who were important figures in understanding and advancing electricity. It defines electricity as the flow of electrons along a wire, which is called an electric current. The document also defines electrical circuits and their components, including cells/batteries, switches, lamps, and wires. It explains how circuits need to be complete for electricity to flow and power the lamp.

1. Electricity
Part I – Circuits

2. People
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Edison
 Have you heard of these people?
 Why are they important?

3.  Benjamin Franklin
Proved that lightning was electricity by flying a
kite in a lightning storm
Helped people understand the principles of
electricity
• Thomas Edison
– Invented the electrical light bulb

4. What is electricity?
 Electricity is a form of energy
 It is caused by a flow of tiny particles called
electrons through a material

5. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

6. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

7. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

8. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

9. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

10. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.

11. Electricity
Electricity is a flow of electric charges along a wire.
This flow of electric charge is called a current.
Current is measured in the units of Amps (A).

12. What is an Electrical Circuit?
 A circuit is an electrical device that provides a path for
electricity to flow

13. Complete or Incomplete?
 A complete circuit is where all the components of a
circuit are joined up and there are no gaps
 The pathway for electricity is complete

14. Complete or Incomplete?
 An incomplete circuit is where the pathway for
electricity is broken
 The electricity cannot flow

15. Circuit Diagrams
cell switchlamp wires

16. Component Symbols – a cell
 The cell stores chemical
energy and transfers it to
electrical energy when a
circuit is connected.
 The long line is the positive end
 The short line is the negative
end

17. Battery
 When two or more cells
are connected together
we call this a Battery.
 The cells chemical energy
is used up pushing a
current round a circuit.
 It is important that each
cell faces the right way

18. Switch
 A switch can be open (as shown) or
closed
 When the switch is open, the circuit
is incomplete – no electricity can
flow
 What happens when the switch is
closed?

19. Bulb / Lamp
 The lamp lights up when
electricity flows through it
 What would happen to a
lamp if there was an open
switch in the circuit?

20. Wires
The wires which carry electricity consist of two parts:
• The metal wires (conductor).
• The plastic coating around the metal wires (insulator).
• Prevents people from being electrocuted.
wires