This document discusses the classification and operation of different types of electrical machines. It begins by classifying electrical machines as either static machines like transformers, or rotating machines like DC and AC machines. Within rotating machines, it further divides them into DC machines like DC generators and motors, and AC machines like asynchronous and synchronous machines. The document then focuses on describing the basic components and working principles of DC generators and DC motors. It explains how DC generators use electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, and how DC motors convert electrical energy back to mechanical energy using the interaction of magnetic and electric fields.

1. Electric
Machine
From:- Ashok Soni
BE (Electrical & Electronics)
GGCT Jabalpur

2. Classification of electrical machines
Electrical
machines
Static
Machine
Rotating
Machines
Transformer

3. Classification of electrical machines
Electrical
machines
DC
Machines
AC
Machines
DC
Generator
DC
Motor
Asynchronous
Machine
Synchronous
Machine
Synchronous
Generator
Synchronous
Motor
Induction
Machines
1 phase 3 phase 1 phase 3 phase 1 phase 3 phase

4. DC Machines
Basically Dcmachine divided in two parts:-
1. DC Generator
2. DC Motor
There are two types of generators, one is
AC generator and other is DC generator.
Whatever may be the types of generators, it
always converts mechanical power to
electrical power

5. DC Machines
There are two types of motor, one is AC
motor and other is DC motor. It is an electro-mechanical
device that converts electrical
energy to mechanical energy.
Generators is based on the fundamental
principle of Faraday’s laws of
Electromagnetic Induction.

6. DC Generator
Generators is based on the fundamental
principle of Faraday’s laws of
Electromagnetic Induction.
According to these law, when an
conductor moves in a magnetic field it cuts
magnetic lines force, due to which an emf is
induced in the conductor. The magnitude of
this induced emf depends upon the rate of
change of flux (magnetic line force) linkage
with the conductor.

7. DC Generator
Hence the most basic tow essential parts
of a generator are
1. A magnetic field and
2. Conductors which move inside that
magnetic field.
Here N & S pole produce a magnetic flux &
ABCD is a show conductor.

8. DC Generator

9. DC Generator

10. DC Generator
The nature of induced EMF in the DC
Generator is always a AC (alternating) nature.
With the help of commutator this induced AC
(alternating) nature emf is converted in to a
DC nature.

11. DC Generator
The direction of induced current in the
conductor in DC generator is determined by
Fleming Right Hand rule.

12. DC Generator

13. DC Motor
This DC or direct current
motor works on the principal, when a current
carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic
field, it experiences a torque and has a
tendency to move. This is known as motoring
action. If the direction of electric current in
the wire is reversed, the direction of rotation
also reverses.

14. DC Motor

15. DC Motor
When magnetic field and electric field
interact they produce a mechanical force, and
based on that the working principle of dc
motor established. The direction of rotation
of a this motor is given by Fleming’s left hand
rule,

16. DC Motor
The force which is experienced by DC
machine is determined by:-
F = BIL
where,
B = Flux Density
I = Current flowing in conductor
L = Length of conductor
Construction wise a DC motor is exactly
similar to a DC generator, but electrically it is
just the opposite.