1) The document examines the effect of early feeding strategies on broiler chicken performance. 420 male broiler chicks were divided into 4 groups - a control group without early feeding and 3 treatment groups that received early access to boiled egg whites, orange pieces, or a pre-starter diet.
2) Results showed that early feeding with orange or the pre-starter diet led to improved growth performance, organ development, and carcass characteristics compared to the control or egg white groups. Economically, these two treatments also had the highest efficiency.
3) In conclusion, providing feed access in the hatchery or during transport benefits broiler performance and it is recommended for practical use in the industry. The first week of a bro
Probiotics- unfolding their potential in boosting poultry industryX S
Definition:
“Living microorganisms when conferred in sufficient amount on the host, will render beneficial effects on health.”(FAO/WHO)
Lactobacillus, Candida, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Aspergillus, and Saccharomyces spp.
History
Élie Metchnikoff (20th century)
Werner Kolath(1953)
Probiotics for poultry
Need of Probiotics?
Selection criteria
Probiotics in poultry industry
First decisive incident
Commercial vs. wild chicken
Selection criteria
Probiotic requirement in poultry (concept)
How probiotics act?
Maintain normal intestinal microflora
competitive exclusion and resistance
Change metabolism
speeding digestive enzyme activity
Perk up feed intake and digestion
Diminish bacterial enzyme activity and ammonia production
Stimulate the immune system
Evaluation of probiotics on poultry
Growth performance
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Immune response
Meat quality/chicken caracass
Side effects(toxicity of ingredients)
Growth performance
broilers fed with two probiotic species put on more weight(Lan et al.,2003 )
weight gain significantly higher in probiotic fed birds(Kabir et al.,2004) .
inactivated probiotics have constructive actions on the production achievement (Huang et al.,2004).
Cont’d
values of giblets and dressing percentage elevated for probiotic fed broilers (Mahanjan et al.,1999)
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Probiotics inhibited pathogens by dwelling on intestinal wall space(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Birds fed dietary B. subtilis for 28 days displayed better growth and prominent intestinal histologies. (Samanya and Yamauchi.,2002)
Chicks given Lactobacillus strains had less amount of coliforms in cecal grindings(Watkins and Kratzer.,1983 ).
Cont’d
L. salivarius 3d strain decreased the number of Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enteritidis (Kizerwetter-Swida and Binek., 2009).
Probiotic species have an implicit action on regulation of intestinal microflora and pathogen occlusion (Higgins et al., 2007)
Immune response
Higher amount of antibody production(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Improved serum and intestinal antibodies to a foreign antigens in chickens (Haghighi et al.,2005)
Probiotics protected broilers against Eimeria acervulina infection even with a moderate dose (Dalloul et al.,2003)
Cont’d
Better local immune defenses against coccidiosis.
Splenocytes and cecal tonsil cells, STAT2 and STAT4 genes were greatly stimulated and the expression of STAT2, STAT4, IL-18, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma genes in cecal tonsil cells were up-regulated after treating with L. acidophilus DNA.
Additive probiotic supplements were ineffective on systemic IgG (Midilli et al.,2008 ).
Mycotoxins are an underestimated threat in our food and feed production. Little data is available on their economic impact, but what data are known illustrate a huge economic impact.
Presentation 27 June - 1 July 2016. Asaba, Nigeria. Workshop organised by the PAEPARD supported consortium: Knowledge transfer towards cost–effective poultry feeds production from processed cassava products to improve the productivity of small-scale farmers in Nigeria.
Probiotics- unfolding their potential in boosting poultry industryX S
Definition:
“Living microorganisms when conferred in sufficient amount on the host, will render beneficial effects on health.”(FAO/WHO)
Lactobacillus, Candida, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Aspergillus, and Saccharomyces spp.
History
Élie Metchnikoff (20th century)
Werner Kolath(1953)
Probiotics for poultry
Need of Probiotics?
Selection criteria
Probiotics in poultry industry
First decisive incident
Commercial vs. wild chicken
Selection criteria
Probiotic requirement in poultry (concept)
How probiotics act?
Maintain normal intestinal microflora
competitive exclusion and resistance
Change metabolism
speeding digestive enzyme activity
Perk up feed intake and digestion
Diminish bacterial enzyme activity and ammonia production
Stimulate the immune system
Evaluation of probiotics on poultry
Growth performance
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Immune response
Meat quality/chicken caracass
Side effects(toxicity of ingredients)
Growth performance
broilers fed with two probiotic species put on more weight(Lan et al.,2003 )
weight gain significantly higher in probiotic fed birds(Kabir et al.,2004) .
inactivated probiotics have constructive actions on the production achievement (Huang et al.,2004).
Cont’d
values of giblets and dressing percentage elevated for probiotic fed broilers (Mahanjan et al.,1999)
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Probiotics inhibited pathogens by dwelling on intestinal wall space(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Birds fed dietary B. subtilis for 28 days displayed better growth and prominent intestinal histologies. (Samanya and Yamauchi.,2002)
Chicks given Lactobacillus strains had less amount of coliforms in cecal grindings(Watkins and Kratzer.,1983 ).
Cont’d
L. salivarius 3d strain decreased the number of Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enteritidis (Kizerwetter-Swida and Binek., 2009).
Probiotic species have an implicit action on regulation of intestinal microflora and pathogen occlusion (Higgins et al., 2007)
Immune response
Higher amount of antibody production(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Improved serum and intestinal antibodies to a foreign antigens in chickens (Haghighi et al.,2005)
Probiotics protected broilers against Eimeria acervulina infection even with a moderate dose (Dalloul et al.,2003)
Cont’d
Better local immune defenses against coccidiosis.
Splenocytes and cecal tonsil cells, STAT2 and STAT4 genes were greatly stimulated and the expression of STAT2, STAT4, IL-18, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma genes in cecal tonsil cells were up-regulated after treating with L. acidophilus DNA.
Additive probiotic supplements were ineffective on systemic IgG (Midilli et al.,2008 ).
Mycotoxins are an underestimated threat in our food and feed production. Little data is available on their economic impact, but what data are known illustrate a huge economic impact.
Presentation 27 June - 1 July 2016. Asaba, Nigeria. Workshop organised by the PAEPARD supported consortium: Knowledge transfer towards cost–effective poultry feeds production from processed cassava products to improve the productivity of small-scale farmers in Nigeria.
To avoid diseases resulting from high pathogenic pressure in intensive broiler and turkey housing systems, antibiotic growth promoters have been used in many cases in the past. Since the EU-prohibition of these products, an increasing interest exists for alternatives to support the microbiota in the intestine and for the maintenance of animal health.
Aflatoxins and animal health: Case studies from AfricaILRI
Presentation by Johanna Lindahl, Christine Atherstone and Delia Grace at a Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa (PACA) workshop on 'Engaging the Health and Nutrition Sectors in Aflatoxin Control in Africa', Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23–24 March 2016.
Effects of Probiotics Feeding Technology on Weight Gain of Indigenous Chicken...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Biotechnological applications in Food ProcessingAbdul Rehman
Deals with various applications of biotechnology in Food processing includes genetically modified food and the concept of metabolic engineering as a novel technique.
>Since the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in the European Union, the industry has been looking for valid alternatives to improve health, immune status and performance in animal agriculture.
>The industry focuses on developing solutions that mimic the effects of AGPs. However, the exact mode of action of the AGPs to improve poultry performance is not fully understood.
Most AGPs alternatives try to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and to modulate indigenous bacteria to improve immune status and performance.
>As an industry, we have made limited progress in improving gut health. Maybe we need to change the approach to find the most optimal solution.
>As part of a stable ecological system, pathogens per se do not represent a threat to animal health. The dynamic nature of the gastrointestinal microflora in chickens makes maintaining the right balance in the microbial ecosystem.
>Despite a large amount of scientific work has been done on the topic, a lack of consistent improvement has been registered.
>To improve gut health more consistently, a broader approach, involving a combination of nutrition, feed technology and husbandry management needs to be taken.
>In addition, gut-health is too complex to be solved from
only one point of view. Input should be obtained from different disciplines, including food technology, human nutrition, veterinary and human medical sciences.
>DSM will start an holistic program to come to tailor made solutions to improve the gut ecosystem with the objective of reducing the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Aflatoxins, animal health and safety of animal source foods ILRI
Presented by Delia Grace, Johanna Lindahl, Christine Atherstone and Erastus Kang’ethe at the Virtual briefing for the Global Donor Platform on Rural Development, 22 July 2014
mycotoxins are related to toxins produced by fungi.
This slides had all the necessary knowledge and information for mycotoxins which includes aflatoxin and other fungi toxins
Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a reviewSubmissionResearchpa
The use of medicinal plants and probiotics has recently gained interest since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by the European Union in 2006. They are new alternatives to bridge the gap between food safety and production. Medicinal plants are cheaper and loaded with several minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals such as: alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenols, tannins etc. which allows them to perform multiple biological activities. Probiotics on the other hand, repopulates the gastro intestinal tracts (GIT) with beneficial bacteria which controls the action of pathogens and control their population, thereby reducing mortality and improving general performance of an animal by Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M and Alagbe, J.O 2020. Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a review. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 214-221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.730 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730/703 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730
To avoid diseases resulting from high pathogenic pressure in intensive broiler and turkey housing systems, antibiotic growth promoters have been used in many cases in the past. Since the EU-prohibition of these products, an increasing interest exists for alternatives to support the microbiota in the intestine and for the maintenance of animal health.
Aflatoxins and animal health: Case studies from AfricaILRI
Presentation by Johanna Lindahl, Christine Atherstone and Delia Grace at a Partnership for Aflatoxin Control in Africa (PACA) workshop on 'Engaging the Health and Nutrition Sectors in Aflatoxin Control in Africa', Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 23–24 March 2016.
Effects of Probiotics Feeding Technology on Weight Gain of Indigenous Chicken...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Biotechnological applications in Food ProcessingAbdul Rehman
Deals with various applications of biotechnology in Food processing includes genetically modified food and the concept of metabolic engineering as a novel technique.
>Since the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in the European Union, the industry has been looking for valid alternatives to improve health, immune status and performance in animal agriculture.
>The industry focuses on developing solutions that mimic the effects of AGPs. However, the exact mode of action of the AGPs to improve poultry performance is not fully understood.
Most AGPs alternatives try to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and to modulate indigenous bacteria to improve immune status and performance.
>As an industry, we have made limited progress in improving gut health. Maybe we need to change the approach to find the most optimal solution.
>As part of a stable ecological system, pathogens per se do not represent a threat to animal health. The dynamic nature of the gastrointestinal microflora in chickens makes maintaining the right balance in the microbial ecosystem.
>Despite a large amount of scientific work has been done on the topic, a lack of consistent improvement has been registered.
>To improve gut health more consistently, a broader approach, involving a combination of nutrition, feed technology and husbandry management needs to be taken.
>In addition, gut-health is too complex to be solved from
only one point of view. Input should be obtained from different disciplines, including food technology, human nutrition, veterinary and human medical sciences.
>DSM will start an holistic program to come to tailor made solutions to improve the gut ecosystem with the objective of reducing the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Aflatoxins, animal health and safety of animal source foods ILRI
Presented by Delia Grace, Johanna Lindahl, Christine Atherstone and Erastus Kang’ethe at the Virtual briefing for the Global Donor Platform on Rural Development, 22 July 2014
mycotoxins are related to toxins produced by fungi.
This slides had all the necessary knowledge and information for mycotoxins which includes aflatoxin and other fungi toxins
Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a reviewSubmissionResearchpa
The use of medicinal plants and probiotics has recently gained interest since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by the European Union in 2006. They are new alternatives to bridge the gap between food safety and production. Medicinal plants are cheaper and loaded with several minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals such as: alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenols, tannins etc. which allows them to perform multiple biological activities. Probiotics on the other hand, repopulates the gastro intestinal tracts (GIT) with beneficial bacteria which controls the action of pathogens and control their population, thereby reducing mortality and improving general performance of an animal by Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M and Alagbe, J.O 2020. Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a review. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 214-221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.730 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730/703 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730
التلقيح عن طريق ماء الشرب Water Vaccination
خطوات عملية من تجاربي الحقلية في مجال الدواجن من أجل انجاح عملية التلقيح بماء الشرب .
*تختلف التجارب من منطقة الي منطقة و من مزرعة الي مزرعة
إلا ان الهم واحد هو حماية او تقليل إحتمال الاصابة بالامراض الفيروسية و البكتيرية و غيرها.
لذا بالضرورة تعميم الفائدة لتعم الجميع
ونرجو التصيح والافادة بمعلومات وملاظات اكثر من إجل التطوير والارتقاء بمجال الدواجن الي الامام
الارشادات المقدمة من واقع مزارع الخرطوم السودان
دراسة رقم 4 اثر استخدام تقنية العزل الحرارى على الاقتصاد بالمقارنة بالتربي...Dakahlia Poultry
اتكلمنا عن ان العزل الحرارى هو الحل لتقليل تكاليف مزارع الدواجن والعزل حل ايضا لمواجهة الامراض الفيروسية للدواجن وانهاردة ميعادنا مع دراسة رقم 4 عن العزل الحرارى من الدقهلية للدواجن
للحصول على افضل علاج سرعة القذف طبيعيا و بدون اي اضرار جانبية تواصلوا مع الدكتور مصطفى على الواتساب 00212690492570 او زروا الموقع الرسمي
https://goo.gl/xLBUvb
https://www.allopenis.com
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter (0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k). At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme
supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth
performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with
Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets
less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter
(0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1
(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were
supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets
separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed
to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of
fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model
protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary
groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along
with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the
parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water
to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the
starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at
starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k).
At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed
conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance
characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the
cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was
comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme
enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
Effect of carbohydrate source and cottonseed meal levelon Feed intake, rumen...Faisal A. Alshamiry
conducted to investigate the effects of locally available carbohydrate sources and cotton-seed meal levels on voluntary feed intake, rumen fermentation, and milk production in lactating dairy cows.
Effects of Cinnamon Powder on Egg Quality: A New Approach using Layer BirdsAI Publications
Attention towards natural growth promoters in poultry has been on the increase in different parts of the world. However, most studies focus on broiler birds and quail. This study analyzed how cinnamon powder supplemented in the diet of Lohmann Brown layer birds can improve egg quality. This study consisted of 5 treatments of 30 birds per treatment, comprising fifteen replicates of 2 birds per replicates. The treatments included: T1: Control without Cinnamon; T2: 4 litres of water + 0.1g of cinnamon; T3: 4 litres of water + 0.2g of cinnamon; T4: 4 litres of water + 0.3g of cinnamon; T5: 4 litres of water + 0.4g of cinnamon. Parameters measured were egg weight, egg mass, egg breadth, egg length, albumen height, albumen weight, yolk height, yolk length, yolk colour, yolk weight, shell weight, and shell thickness. The results revealed an increase in the albumen weight, yolk weight, albumen height, and yolk height as the inclusion levels of cinnamon powder increase. In addition, the egg weight was highest in treatment 5. Taken together, cinnamon powder addition in the diet of Lohmann Brown layer birds has a positive outcome on egg quality.
Performance and Blood Profiles of Finisher Broilers Fed Diets Containing Grad...BRNSS Publication Hub
A 4-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the performance and blood profiles of finisher broilers fed cashew pulp meal (CPM) based diets. 135 finisher broilers, “Arbor acre” strain was randomly allocated to five dietary treatments consisting of three replicates of 9 finisher broilers each. Five on-farm diets containing 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, and 40% CPM replacing maize coded as T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, were formulated. All performance parameters measured were significantly different (P < 0.05). Final weight, daily weight gain (DWG), daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality, feed cost/kg gain (feed cost/kg gain), and cost of 1 kg feed ranged from 1042.54 to 1305.55g, 16.31 to 28.51g, 91.86 to 110.54g, 3.26 to 5.56, 0 to 22.22%, 115.43 to 135.46, and 414.23 to 611.43, respectively. Hematological profile show that packed cell volume varied from 28.67 to 31.00%, hemoglobin (Hb) 9.07 to 10.60g/dl, red blood cell 1.80 to 2.31 × 106/μl, white blood cell 213.13 to 223.67 × 103/μl, mean corpuscular volume 132.27 to 134.87 fl, means corpuscular Hb (MCH) concentration 29.80 to 31.63 g/dl, and MCH 40.10 to 41.87 pg, respectively, and were significantly (P < 0.05) different. Treatments showed significant difference (P < 0.05) all serum parameters, the obtained values were total protein 4.25–4.92 g/dl, albumin 1.73–2.37 g/dl, aspartate aminotransferase 102.33–135.67 μ/l, alanine aminotransferase 4.00–7.33 μ/l, and total cholesterol 2.37–3.73 Mmol/l. The study showed that CPM depressed live weight but did not affect birds’ health even at 40% replacement of maize.
Performance and Blood Profiles of Finisher Broilers Fed Diets Containing Grad...BRNSS Publication Hub
A 4-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the performance and blood profiles of finisher
broilers fed cashew pulp meal (CPM) based diets. 135 finisher broilers, “Arbor acre” strain was randomly
allocated to five dietary treatments consisting of three replicates of 9 finisher broilers each. Five on-farm
diets containing 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, and 40% CPM replacing maize coded as T1, T2, T3, T4, and
T5, respectively, were formulated. All performance parameters measured were significantly different
(P < 0.05). Final weight, daily weight gain (DWG), daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality,
feed cost/kg gain (feed cost/kg gain), and cost of 1 kg feed ranged from 1042.54 to 1305.55g, 16.31 to
28.51g, 91.86 to 110.54g, 3.26 to 5.56, 0 to 22.22%, 115.43 to 135.46, and 414.23 to 611.43, respectively.
Hematological profile show that packed cell volume varied from 28.67 to 31.00%, hemoglobin (Hb)
9.07 to 10.60g/dl, red blood cell 1.80 to 2.31 × 106
/µl, white blood cell 213.13 to 223.67 × 103
/µl,
mean corpuscular volume 132.27 to 134.87 fl, means corpuscular Hb (MCH) concentration 29.80
to 31.63 g/dl, and MCH 40.10 to 41.87 pg, respectively, and were significantly (P < 0.05) different.
Treatments showed significant difference (P < 0.05) all serum parameters, the obtained values were total
protein 4.25–4.92 g/dl, albumin 1.73–2.37 g/dl, aspartate aminotransferase 102.33–135.67 μ/l, alanine
aminotransferase 4.00–7.33 μ/l, and total cholesterol 2.37–3.73 Mmol/l. The study showed that CPM
depressed live weight but did not affect birds’ health even at 40% replacement of maize
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
1. EFFECT OF HATCHERY EARLY FEEDING ON
BROILER PERFORMANCE
التسمين كتاكيت أداء على التفريخ بمعامل المبكرة التغذية تأثير
2. M.Sc. Thesis
By
Hussien Gamel Mohamed Essa
B.Sc. Agric, (Poultry prod). Cairo University
(2000)
From
Environmental Studies and Research Institute,
University of Sadat City
3. Prof.Dr. ABDEL-RAHMAN MOHAMED ATTA
Prof. of Poultry Physiology, Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture,
Cairo University.
Prof.Dr. GAMALABDEL-SATAR ZANATY
Prof. of Poultry Nutrition, Head Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture,
Menufyia University.
Prof. Dr. SAYED MOHAMED MOHAMED SHALASH
Chief Researcher of Poultry Nutrition, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural
Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Egypt.
Prof.Dr. MAHMOUD SAAD MAHMOUD ABOUSEKKEN
Prof. of Poultry Nutrition & Production, Vice-dean for Postgraduate Studies & researches,
Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
4. Prof. Dr. MAHMOUD SAAD MAHMOUD ABOUSEKKEN
Prof. of Poultry Nutrition & Production, Vice-dean for Postgraduate Studies & researches,
Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City.
Prof. Dr. SAYED MOHAMED MOHAMED SHALASH
Chief Researcher of Poultry Nutrition, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research
Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Egypt.
Dr.NIAMAT MAHMOUD ELABD
Lecturer of Poultry Production, Sustainable development of Environment and its Project
Management Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute. University of Sadat City.
SUPERVISION COMMITTEE
5.
6. • In last several decades, a typical broiler chicken took 16
weeks to reach the suitable slaughter weight; in terms of
reducing the rearing period to make priority in advances
in nutrition, this reducing in rearing period could
increase critical first week of life compared with next
coming weeks. Therefore, this period increases by 15%
of rearing period as priority stage defined by Dibner
(1999).
7.
8. • Early nutritional strategies offer the promise of sustaining progress in production efficiency and
welfare of commercial broiler chicken (Noy and Uni, 2010).
• Initial delay in feed and water consumption may cause decreased in growth rate, lower immune
system reaction and digestion disorders.
• The rate of initial limited nutrient uptake and feeding of birds effect on fatality percentage and
caused to suffer by types of disease in broiler.
• The effect of a prolonged holding time after hatch on yolk utilization, growth and gastro-intestinal
development, muscle development and immunological development were detected (Uni and
Ferket, 2004).
9.
10.
11. A total number of 1980 Arber Acres plus breed (AA+) Hatching eggs were
incubated in Chick Master AVIDA Hatcher at Cairo Poultry Company.
Eggs were randomly divided into equal 4 groups of nearly similar means
of Egg Wight (EW) in equal 3 replicates for each treatment.
Eggs were hatched in suitable Hatcher baskets with experimental
materials, these eggs were hatched 1414 chicks and were sexed.
Female Chicks were immediately sold out, while, 420 males were used in
the present experimental study.
The Experimental Design
14. A total number of 420 day-old broilers male
(AA+) chicks were individually wing-
banded and divided into four feeding trials.
Chicks were stayed 12 hours after hatch in
carton chick boxes with the same conditions,
and were transported to the broiler farm
within 30 min.
15. 1-Control without feed at hatchery. (3 pens ×35 chicks).
2-Early access feed (Boiled eggs white) at Hatcher baskets &
chicks boxes . (3 pens ×35 chicks).
3-Early access feed (Pieces of fruit orange) at Hatcher baskets &
chicks boxes. (3 pens ×35 chicks).
4-Early access feed (Pre-starter Diet) at Hatcher baskets & chicks
boxes. (3 pens ×35 chicks).
Experimental diets were distributed as following:
16. Tested materials
1-Boiled Eggs white (Albumins) (BWE).
Nutrient Unit 1Value per 100 g
Water g 87.57
Energy kcal 52
Protein g 10.9
Total lipid (total fat) g 0.17
Carbohydrate, by difference g 0.73
Fiber, total dietary g 0
Sugars, total g 0.71
Minerals Unit 1Value per 100 g
Calcium, Ca mg 7
Iron, Fe mg 0.08
Magnesium, Mg mg 11
Phosphorus, P mg 15
Potassium, K mg 163
Sodium, Na mg 166
Zinc, Zn mg 0.03
Vitamins
Unit 1Value per 100
g
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid mg 7
Thiamin mg 0.08
Riboflavin mg 11
Niacin mg 15
Vitamin B-6 mg 163
Folate, DFE µg 166
Vitamin B-12 µg 0.03
Source: USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard
Reference 28 slightly revised May 2016 Software
v.2.6.1.Report Run at: July 19 2016 15:01 ED
18. Tested materials
3. Pre-starter (PS) and other experimental diet.
Ingredient, % as fed-basis Pre-Starter diet (1-3 days) Starter diet (4-14 days) Grower diet (15-28) days Finisher diet (28-36) days
Yellow corn, 51.87 46.62 59.04 56.64
Soybean meal(46 %CP), 17.00 21.92 20.60 16.80
Full fat soya 15.81 - - 02.83
Extruded soybean 35 - 09.54 - 04.00
Corn Gluten meal ( 60%CP), 07.02 - 8.20 -
Sunflower seed m36% - - 3.80 -
Soya oil Crude - - 3.28 -
Sorghum - 05.00 - 08.00
Ray Seed - 05.00 - 08.00
Poultry by Product - 02.00 - -
Dried corn dist.(DDGS). 03.00 6.23 0.89 -
Di calcium phosphate, - 01.66 01.75 01.91
Monocalcium phosphate, 01.57 - - -
Sodium chloride, 00.34 00.33 00.37 00.35
Vitamin-mineral premix2, 00.30 00.30 00.30 00.30
DL-Methionine, 00.17 00.09 00.11 00.01
L-Lysine, 01.14 - 00.35 00.02
Limestone , 01.72 01.23 01.25 01.06
Choline Chloride 00.06 00.06 00.06 00.06
Anti-Oxidant - 00.02 - 00.02
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Vitamin-mineral premix1: (Vit. & Min.) Was added at a rate of 3 kg per ton of diet and supplied the following per kg of diet (as mg or I.U. per kg of diet): Vit. A 12000 I.U., Vit. D3 2000 I.U., Vit. E 40 mg, Vit. K3 4
mg, Vit. B1 3 mg, Vit. B2 6 mg, Vit. B6 4 mg, Vit. B12 0.03 mg, Niacin 30 mg, Biotin 0.08 mg, Pantothenic acid 12 mg, Folic acid 1.5 mg, chloride 700 mg, Mn 80 mg, Cu 10 mg, Se. 0.2 mg, I 0.4 mg, Fe 40 mg, Zn 70
mg and Co 0.25mg
19. Measurements and methods of interpreting data
Live body weight (LBW).
Live body weight gain (LBWG).
Feed intake (FI).
Feed conversion ratio (FCR).
Growth rate (GR).
Performance index (PI).
Mortality rate (MR).
Carcass Characteristics. (CC).
Blood Parameters.(BP).
European efficiency factor (EEF).
Economical efficiency (EEf).
20. Statistical analysis
Using the general linear model (GLM) procedures according to SAS (2009) .
Significant mean differences between treatment means were distinguished by
Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Duncan, 1955).
All statements of significance were based on P< 0.05.
The statistical model used in the experiment was as following :
• Yij = M + Ti + Eij Where:
• Yij = the individual observation.
• M = the overall mean.
• Ti = treatment effect.
• Eij = the experimental error.
46. • Early feeding with OF and PS diets results in considerable growth
performance benefits, improved Gastrointestinal tract, stimulates the
growth of internal organs (liver, Heart); increase values of Carcass %
compared to chick groups fed control or BWE.
• From Economical point of view, It can concluded that, early feeding with
OF and PS recorded the highest value of economic efficiency and relative
economic efficiency % and improved performance followed by broiler
early fed with BWE.
47. RECOMMENDATIONS
• The study recommended that placing feed in the hatcher baskets or
transportation boxes or by removing and feeding birds that hatch early
has great benefits for broilers performance under practical conditions .
• Remember, the average flock will be about 768 hours (32 days) old at
slaughter and one day is 3% of the birds’ life this means that there is little
or no time to recover if the flock has deviated from the standard.
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