Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a reviewSubmissionResearchpa
The use of medicinal plants and probiotics has recently gained interest since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by the European Union in 2006. They are new alternatives to bridge the gap between food safety and production. Medicinal plants are cheaper and loaded with several minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals such as: alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenols, tannins etc. which allows them to perform multiple biological activities. Probiotics on the other hand, repopulates the gastro intestinal tracts (GIT) with beneficial bacteria which controls the action of pathogens and control their population, thereby reducing mortality and improving general performance of an animal by Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M and Alagbe, J.O 2020. Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a review. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 214-221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.730 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730/703 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730
This document summarizes a presentation about probiotics in poultry nutrition. It discusses how single-strain probiotics often fail to reliably impact birds because they do not colonize the entire gastrointestinal tract or stay long after consumption stops. An effective probiotic should be multi-strain, species-specific, and well-positioned to colonize the whole GI tract, multiply faster, and be less eliminated. Trials demonstrate that the probiotic PoultryStar reduced issues like lameness, inflammation, and necrotic enteritis in poultry. The presentation provides information on selecting probiotic strains and applying probiotics in poultry to enhance immunity and gut health.
Probiotics are microorganisms and proteins that provide health benefits when consumed. This document discusses the application of probiotics for poultry, cattle, and sheep. Probiotics improve performance and productivity in poultry by maintaining digestive microflora and reducing pathogens. In cattle, probiotics prevent and combat digestive disorders, influence rumen metabolism, and stimulate rumen microorganisms. For sheep, probiotics help correct bacterial imbalances, provide energy, and reduce recovery time from stress or disease.
A holistic approach to poultry gut health - Arie Kies
Relevance of human gut research to poultry health - Jan Sikkema
Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics - Michel Jacques Duclos
http://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/home.html
Effects of Probiotics Feeding Technology on Weight Gain of Indigenous Chicken...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Probiotics- unfolding their potential in boosting poultry industryX S
Definition:
“Living microorganisms when conferred in sufficient amount on the host, will render beneficial effects on health.”(FAO/WHO)
Lactobacillus, Candida, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Aspergillus, and Saccharomyces spp.
History
Élie Metchnikoff (20th century)
Werner Kolath(1953)
Probiotics for poultry
Need of Probiotics?
Selection criteria
Probiotics in poultry industry
First decisive incident
Commercial vs. wild chicken
Selection criteria
Probiotic requirement in poultry (concept)
How probiotics act?
Maintain normal intestinal microflora
competitive exclusion and resistance
Change metabolism
speeding digestive enzyme activity
Perk up feed intake and digestion
Diminish bacterial enzyme activity and ammonia production
Stimulate the immune system
Evaluation of probiotics on poultry
Growth performance
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Immune response
Meat quality/chicken caracass
Side effects(toxicity of ingredients)
Growth performance
broilers fed with two probiotic species put on more weight(Lan et al.,2003 )
weight gain significantly higher in probiotic fed birds(Kabir et al.,2004) .
inactivated probiotics have constructive actions on the production achievement (Huang et al.,2004).
Cont’d
values of giblets and dressing percentage elevated for probiotic fed broilers (Mahanjan et al.,1999)
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Probiotics inhibited pathogens by dwelling on intestinal wall space(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Birds fed dietary B. subtilis for 28 days displayed better growth and prominent intestinal histologies. (Samanya and Yamauchi.,2002)
Chicks given Lactobacillus strains had less amount of coliforms in cecal grindings(Watkins and Kratzer.,1983 ).
Cont’d
L. salivarius 3d strain decreased the number of Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enteritidis (Kizerwetter-Swida and Binek., 2009).
Probiotic species have an implicit action on regulation of intestinal microflora and pathogen occlusion (Higgins et al., 2007)
Immune response
Higher amount of antibody production(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Improved serum and intestinal antibodies to a foreign antigens in chickens (Haghighi et al.,2005)
Probiotics protected broilers against Eimeria acervulina infection even with a moderate dose (Dalloul et al.,2003)
Cont’d
Better local immune defenses against coccidiosis.
Splenocytes and cecal tonsil cells, STAT2 and STAT4 genes were greatly stimulated and the expression of STAT2, STAT4, IL-18, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma genes in cecal tonsil cells were up-regulated after treating with L. acidophilus DNA.
Additive probiotic supplements were ineffective on systemic IgG (Midilli et al.,2008 ).
Manipulation of rumen function to augment livestock productivityUCV&AS IUB
Manipulations of rumen function that can augment livestock productivity are;
Correction of concentrate to roughage ratio
Feed bypass or escaped nutrients
Defaunation of rumen
Use of yeast as probiotics
Use of anaerobic fungi
Use of other feed additives
Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a reviewSubmissionResearchpa
The use of medicinal plants and probiotics has recently gained interest since the ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters by the European Union in 2006. They are new alternatives to bridge the gap between food safety and production. Medicinal plants are cheaper and loaded with several minerals, vitamins and phytochemicals such as: alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenols, tannins etc. which allows them to perform multiple biological activities. Probiotics on the other hand, repopulates the gastro intestinal tracts (GIT) with beneficial bacteria which controls the action of pathogens and control their population, thereby reducing mortality and improving general performance of an animal by Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M and Alagbe, J.O 2020. Probiotics and medicinal plants in poultry nutrition: a review. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 214-221. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.730 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730/703 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/730
This document summarizes a presentation about probiotics in poultry nutrition. It discusses how single-strain probiotics often fail to reliably impact birds because they do not colonize the entire gastrointestinal tract or stay long after consumption stops. An effective probiotic should be multi-strain, species-specific, and well-positioned to colonize the whole GI tract, multiply faster, and be less eliminated. Trials demonstrate that the probiotic PoultryStar reduced issues like lameness, inflammation, and necrotic enteritis in poultry. The presentation provides information on selecting probiotic strains and applying probiotics in poultry to enhance immunity and gut health.
Probiotics are microorganisms and proteins that provide health benefits when consumed. This document discusses the application of probiotics for poultry, cattle, and sheep. Probiotics improve performance and productivity in poultry by maintaining digestive microflora and reducing pathogens. In cattle, probiotics prevent and combat digestive disorders, influence rumen metabolism, and stimulate rumen microorganisms. For sheep, probiotics help correct bacterial imbalances, provide energy, and reduce recovery time from stress or disease.
A holistic approach to poultry gut health - Arie Kies
Relevance of human gut research to poultry health - Jan Sikkema
Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics - Michel Jacques Duclos
http://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/home.html
Effects of Probiotics Feeding Technology on Weight Gain of Indigenous Chicken...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by the International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The journal provides a common forum where all aspects of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences are presented. The journal invites original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications containing new insight into any aspect Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences that are not published or not being considered for publication elsewhere.
Probiotics- unfolding their potential in boosting poultry industryX S
Definition:
“Living microorganisms when conferred in sufficient amount on the host, will render beneficial effects on health.”(FAO/WHO)
Lactobacillus, Candida, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Aspergillus, and Saccharomyces spp.
History
Élie Metchnikoff (20th century)
Werner Kolath(1953)
Probiotics for poultry
Need of Probiotics?
Selection criteria
Probiotics in poultry industry
First decisive incident
Commercial vs. wild chicken
Selection criteria
Probiotic requirement in poultry (concept)
How probiotics act?
Maintain normal intestinal microflora
competitive exclusion and resistance
Change metabolism
speeding digestive enzyme activity
Perk up feed intake and digestion
Diminish bacterial enzyme activity and ammonia production
Stimulate the immune system
Evaluation of probiotics on poultry
Growth performance
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Immune response
Meat quality/chicken caracass
Side effects(toxicity of ingredients)
Growth performance
broilers fed with two probiotic species put on more weight(Lan et al.,2003 )
weight gain significantly higher in probiotic fed birds(Kabir et al.,2004) .
inactivated probiotics have constructive actions on the production achievement (Huang et al.,2004).
Cont’d
values of giblets and dressing percentage elevated for probiotic fed broilers (Mahanjan et al.,1999)
Intestinal microbiota and morphology
Probiotics inhibited pathogens by dwelling on intestinal wall space(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Birds fed dietary B. subtilis for 28 days displayed better growth and prominent intestinal histologies. (Samanya and Yamauchi.,2002)
Chicks given Lactobacillus strains had less amount of coliforms in cecal grindings(Watkins and Kratzer.,1983 ).
Cont’d
L. salivarius 3d strain decreased the number of Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella enteritidis (Kizerwetter-Swida and Binek., 2009).
Probiotic species have an implicit action on regulation of intestinal microflora and pathogen occlusion (Higgins et al., 2007)
Immune response
Higher amount of antibody production(Kabir et al.,2005 )
Improved serum and intestinal antibodies to a foreign antigens in chickens (Haghighi et al.,2005)
Probiotics protected broilers against Eimeria acervulina infection even with a moderate dose (Dalloul et al.,2003)
Cont’d
Better local immune defenses against coccidiosis.
Splenocytes and cecal tonsil cells, STAT2 and STAT4 genes were greatly stimulated and the expression of STAT2, STAT4, IL-18, IFN-alpha, and IFN-gamma genes in cecal tonsil cells were up-regulated after treating with L. acidophilus DNA.
Additive probiotic supplements were ineffective on systemic IgG (Midilli et al.,2008 ).
Manipulation of rumen function to augment livestock productivityUCV&AS IUB
Manipulations of rumen function that can augment livestock productivity are;
Correction of concentrate to roughage ratio
Feed bypass or escaped nutrients
Defaunation of rumen
Use of yeast as probiotics
Use of anaerobic fungi
Use of other feed additives
This document discusses the role of phytobiotics (plant derivatives) as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. It summarizes research showing that liver tonics containing herbs like Andrographis paniculata, Eclipta alba, and Tinospora cordifolia can improve weight gain and feed conversion ratio in broilers. Studies found these phytobiotic liver tonics enhanced the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in broiler chickens. The document concludes that phytobiotic liver tonics are natural alternatives to antibiotics that can boost health and performance in poultry.
Feed Additives and their use in Livestock and Poultry Feeding
What is feed additives?
• It is an ingredient or combination of ingredient mixed together to provide nutrient in the diet.
• Usually they are used in micro/small Quantities for purpose of improving rate of gain, feed efficiency, or preventing and controlling disease.
Why use feed additives?
• To increase feed quality and feed palatability.
• To improve animal performance by promoting animal growth & lowering feed consumption.
• Stimulate growth or other types of performance.
• Improve feed utilization.
• To economies the cost of animal protein.
Evaluating feed additives:
Higher milk yield.
Increase in milk components.
Greater dry matter intake.
Stimulates rumen microbial synthesis
Increase digestion in digestive tract.
Stabilize rumen environment and pH
Improve growth
Minimize weight loss
Reduce heat stress
Improve health
This document discusses probiotics and their role in managing diarrhea. It defines probiotics as live microbes that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. Common probiotic strains include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces boulardii. Probiotics can help treat digestive disorders, allergies, and lower cholesterol. They are found naturally in foods like yogurt. Clinical studies show certain probiotic strains like L. rhamnosus GG and a mix of bacterial strains can significantly shorten the duration of acute diarrhea in children. The document also outlines guidelines for classifying and treating diarrhea based on dehydration signs, recommending oral rehydration, zinc and probiotic supplements,
Effect of probiotic (saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of broilerOssama Motawae
The document summarizes a study on the effects of supplementing broiler chickens' diets with the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study found that supplementing diets with 0.5-2% S. cerevisiae resulted in increased body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency in broilers compared to the control group. No negative effects were observed on organ weights or hematological parameters. The beneficial effects are thought to be due to the nutritional and immunological impacts of S. cerevisiae on the intestinal microflora.
>Since the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in the European Union, the industry has been looking for valid alternatives to improve health, immune status and performance in animal agriculture.
>The industry focuses on developing solutions that mimic the effects of AGPs. However, the exact mode of action of the AGPs to improve poultry performance is not fully understood.
Most AGPs alternatives try to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and to modulate indigenous bacteria to improve immune status and performance.
>As an industry, we have made limited progress in improving gut health. Maybe we need to change the approach to find the most optimal solution.
>As part of a stable ecological system, pathogens per se do not represent a threat to animal health. The dynamic nature of the gastrointestinal microflora in chickens makes maintaining the right balance in the microbial ecosystem.
>Despite a large amount of scientific work has been done on the topic, a lack of consistent improvement has been registered.
>To improve gut health more consistently, a broader approach, involving a combination of nutrition, feed technology and husbandry management needs to be taken.
>In addition, gut-health is too complex to be solved from
only one point of view. Input should be obtained from different disciplines, including food technology, human nutrition, veterinary and human medical sciences.
>DSM will start an holistic program to come to tailor made solutions to improve the gut ecosystem with the objective of reducing the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Sponsor Day on animal feeding: Additives for happier poultryIrta
This document discusses additives that can be added to feed or water to favorably affect animal welfare. It notes that the European Commission regulates additives and recognizes positive effects on welfare such as reducing morbidity. The EFSA proposed additional categories for additives that improve welfare by affecting metabolism, the immune system, detoxification, or other means. The document also discusses how additives may help provide animals their freedoms by reducing stress, supporting gut health to prevent disease, and improving living conditions. It provides examples of research on probiotics, antimicrobials, and other additives that have shown benefits for animal welfare.
The document discusses prebiotics, which are non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of certain bacteria in the colon. Common prebiotics include inulin, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, and mannooligosaccharides. Studies show that supplementing prebiotics in poultry feed increases beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, improves gut health and immunity, reduces pathogenic bacteria, and enhances meat quality. The optimal levels of prebiotic supplementation are 0.25% fructooligosaccharides or 0.05% mannooligosaccharides.
Phytogenic feed additives as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry dietsDeepak Nelagonda
Use of antibiotics as growth promoters is an age old process but due to many factors thrust for the search of alternative to antibiotics is growing, 'phytogenic feed additives' are one of the possible domains which could address the issue if they could be properly explored.
This document discusses the use of herbal immunomodulators in poultry to improve immunity and combat antibiotic resistance. It provides background on immunomodulators and how certain herbs like ashwagandha, neem, tinospora cordifolia, and mint can modulate the immune system through effects on cytokines, immune cells, and phagocytosis. Several studies are summarized that show herbs like ashwagandha and tinospora cordifolia can improve performance parameters and immune responses in broiler chickens and quails. The document concludes that herbs have potential immunomodulatory properties through effects on macrophages, cytokines, and immune cells like NK cells.
It is a educatonal slide with very simple word and basic concept of probiotics that are found in chicken's GIT.The slide also describes importnace of probictic in poultry industry.
Feed additives are non-nutritive products used in small amounts to improve feed quality, nutrient utilization, and growth performance in poultry. Common feed additives include growth promoters, toxin binders, antioxidants, electrolytes, emulsifiers, feed preservatives, pellet binders, and coccidiostates. Growth promoters can be antibiotic growth promoters, natural growth promoters like prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, yeasts, organic acids, herbal supplements, enzymes, and vitamins and minerals.
This document discusses prebiotics and their effects on immunity. It begins with definitions of prebiotics provided by Gibson & Roberfroid and describes the criteria a substance must meet to be considered a prebiotic. It then discusses various types of prebiotics like inulin, fructooligosaccharides, trans-galactooligosaccharides and their structures and roles. The document also explores proposed mechanisms of how prebiotics may modulate immunity, such as by changing gut bacteria composition, producing short-chain fatty acids, increasing mucin production, and interacting with carbohydrate receptors. It provides examples of studies demonstrating immune effects of specific prebiotics.
When it comes to feed additives (e.g. plant extracts, enzymes, pro- and prebiotics, organic acids and many more), the livestock industry is inundated with numerous options, not only promoting performance of the animals and improving profitability, but also improving the quality of feed and of animal-derived products. In this context, phytogenic (=plant derived) feed additives are foreseen to have a promising future in animal nutrition due to their broad range of efficacies, and to their effects on sustainability and safety.
This document discusses sodium butyrate and its effects. It covers how sodium butyrate can induce the expression of host defense peptides in the intestinal tract, reduce Salmonella levels in the cecum, and promote intestinal development by improving villi length and digestibility. Sodium butyrate is also described as having antibacterial properties through disrupting bacterial membranes and virulence, as well as other benefits like stimulating pancreatic secretions and insulin production.
Program for the III Swine Health Focus Group - A Global Exchange of Ideas on Gut Health in Swine, hosted at the Marriott JW Hotel in Rio de Janeiro, from 30/05/ to 01/06/2017
This document discusses quality control and assurance in the feed industry. It covers:
1. The importance of nutrient content, availability, and consistency in feed ingredients.
2. Factors that influence feed quality such as processing, storage, and transportation conditions.
3. Procedures for quality control of raw materials and finished feed including visual inspections, sampling, and analysis.
4. The importance of specifications, standards, and continual improvement in a quality management system.
The document discusses various types of feed additives that are administered to animals and poultry to enhance nutrient effectiveness and digestion. It describes antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, emulsifiers, binders, organic acids, enzymes, phytogenics, and other additives. For each type, it provides examples and explains their modes of action, such as reducing pathogens, increasing nutrient absorption, and improving gut health. The document also notes that overuse of antibiotics as growth promoters can lead to antibiotic resistance.
The document discusses probiotics and their role in human health and nutrition. It defines probiotics as live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. The document outlines the historical background of probiotics and describes their key features, such as being viable cells that can survive the digestive system and exert positive health effects. Finally, the document discusses the health benefits of probiotics such as improving gastrointestinal and immune health as well as their applications in fermented dairy products.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. The root word means "for life" and they promote gut health by regulating microflora balance. Common probiotic bacteria include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces. Food sources include yogurt, kefir, kimchi and they are also available as supplements. Research shows probiotics may help treat conditions like diarrhea, IBS, eczema and H. pylori infections by competing with pathogens and strengthening gut immunity. More studies are still needed to better understand probiotic strains, efficacy and applications in new products.
Dr. Tom Rehberger - Early Colonizing Bacteria in the GI Tract - Lessons from ...John Blue
Early Colonizing Bacteria in the GI Tract - Lessons from Poultry and Strategies for Swine - Dr. Tom Rehberger, President, Agro BioSciences, from the 2016 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 17-20, 2016, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-leman-swine-conference-material
Poster describing research on the efficacy of various dietary doses of a protease (RONOZYME ® ProAct) on the apparent digestibility, nutrient utilization and growth performance of juvenile Nile tilapia fed diets where fish meal is gradually replaced by plant proteins.
To learn more about DSM visit: http://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/home.html
This document discusses the role of phytobiotics (plant derivatives) as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production. It summarizes research showing that liver tonics containing herbs like Andrographis paniculata, Eclipta alba, and Tinospora cordifolia can improve weight gain and feed conversion ratio in broilers. Studies found these phytobiotic liver tonics enhanced the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in broiler chickens. The document concludes that phytobiotic liver tonics are natural alternatives to antibiotics that can boost health and performance in poultry.
Feed Additives and their use in Livestock and Poultry Feeding
What is feed additives?
• It is an ingredient or combination of ingredient mixed together to provide nutrient in the diet.
• Usually they are used in micro/small Quantities for purpose of improving rate of gain, feed efficiency, or preventing and controlling disease.
Why use feed additives?
• To increase feed quality and feed palatability.
• To improve animal performance by promoting animal growth & lowering feed consumption.
• Stimulate growth or other types of performance.
• Improve feed utilization.
• To economies the cost of animal protein.
Evaluating feed additives:
Higher milk yield.
Increase in milk components.
Greater dry matter intake.
Stimulates rumen microbial synthesis
Increase digestion in digestive tract.
Stabilize rumen environment and pH
Improve growth
Minimize weight loss
Reduce heat stress
Improve health
This document discusses probiotics and their role in managing diarrhea. It defines probiotics as live microbes that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. Common probiotic strains include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces boulardii. Probiotics can help treat digestive disorders, allergies, and lower cholesterol. They are found naturally in foods like yogurt. Clinical studies show certain probiotic strains like L. rhamnosus GG and a mix of bacterial strains can significantly shorten the duration of acute diarrhea in children. The document also outlines guidelines for classifying and treating diarrhea based on dehydration signs, recommending oral rehydration, zinc and probiotic supplements,
Effect of probiotic (saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of broilerOssama Motawae
The document summarizes a study on the effects of supplementing broiler chickens' diets with the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The study found that supplementing diets with 0.5-2% S. cerevisiae resulted in increased body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency in broilers compared to the control group. No negative effects were observed on organ weights or hematological parameters. The beneficial effects are thought to be due to the nutritional and immunological impacts of S. cerevisiae on the intestinal microflora.
>Since the ban of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in the European Union, the industry has been looking for valid alternatives to improve health, immune status and performance in animal agriculture.
>The industry focuses on developing solutions that mimic the effects of AGPs. However, the exact mode of action of the AGPs to improve poultry performance is not fully understood.
Most AGPs alternatives try to prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and to modulate indigenous bacteria to improve immune status and performance.
>As an industry, we have made limited progress in improving gut health. Maybe we need to change the approach to find the most optimal solution.
>As part of a stable ecological system, pathogens per se do not represent a threat to animal health. The dynamic nature of the gastrointestinal microflora in chickens makes maintaining the right balance in the microbial ecosystem.
>Despite a large amount of scientific work has been done on the topic, a lack of consistent improvement has been registered.
>To improve gut health more consistently, a broader approach, involving a combination of nutrition, feed technology and husbandry management needs to be taken.
>In addition, gut-health is too complex to be solved from
only one point of view. Input should be obtained from different disciplines, including food technology, human nutrition, veterinary and human medical sciences.
>DSM will start an holistic program to come to tailor made solutions to improve the gut ecosystem with the objective of reducing the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Sponsor Day on animal feeding: Additives for happier poultryIrta
This document discusses additives that can be added to feed or water to favorably affect animal welfare. It notes that the European Commission regulates additives and recognizes positive effects on welfare such as reducing morbidity. The EFSA proposed additional categories for additives that improve welfare by affecting metabolism, the immune system, detoxification, or other means. The document also discusses how additives may help provide animals their freedoms by reducing stress, supporting gut health to prevent disease, and improving living conditions. It provides examples of research on probiotics, antimicrobials, and other additives that have shown benefits for animal welfare.
The document discusses prebiotics, which are non-digestible food ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of certain bacteria in the colon. Common prebiotics include inulin, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, and mannooligosaccharides. Studies show that supplementing prebiotics in poultry feed increases beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, improves gut health and immunity, reduces pathogenic bacteria, and enhances meat quality. The optimal levels of prebiotic supplementation are 0.25% fructooligosaccharides or 0.05% mannooligosaccharides.
Phytogenic feed additives as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry dietsDeepak Nelagonda
Use of antibiotics as growth promoters is an age old process but due to many factors thrust for the search of alternative to antibiotics is growing, 'phytogenic feed additives' are one of the possible domains which could address the issue if they could be properly explored.
This document discusses the use of herbal immunomodulators in poultry to improve immunity and combat antibiotic resistance. It provides background on immunomodulators and how certain herbs like ashwagandha, neem, tinospora cordifolia, and mint can modulate the immune system through effects on cytokines, immune cells, and phagocytosis. Several studies are summarized that show herbs like ashwagandha and tinospora cordifolia can improve performance parameters and immune responses in broiler chickens and quails. The document concludes that herbs have potential immunomodulatory properties through effects on macrophages, cytokines, and immune cells like NK cells.
It is a educatonal slide with very simple word and basic concept of probiotics that are found in chicken's GIT.The slide also describes importnace of probictic in poultry industry.
Feed additives are non-nutritive products used in small amounts to improve feed quality, nutrient utilization, and growth performance in poultry. Common feed additives include growth promoters, toxin binders, antioxidants, electrolytes, emulsifiers, feed preservatives, pellet binders, and coccidiostates. Growth promoters can be antibiotic growth promoters, natural growth promoters like prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, yeasts, organic acids, herbal supplements, enzymes, and vitamins and minerals.
This document discusses prebiotics and their effects on immunity. It begins with definitions of prebiotics provided by Gibson & Roberfroid and describes the criteria a substance must meet to be considered a prebiotic. It then discusses various types of prebiotics like inulin, fructooligosaccharides, trans-galactooligosaccharides and their structures and roles. The document also explores proposed mechanisms of how prebiotics may modulate immunity, such as by changing gut bacteria composition, producing short-chain fatty acids, increasing mucin production, and interacting with carbohydrate receptors. It provides examples of studies demonstrating immune effects of specific prebiotics.
When it comes to feed additives (e.g. plant extracts, enzymes, pro- and prebiotics, organic acids and many more), the livestock industry is inundated with numerous options, not only promoting performance of the animals and improving profitability, but also improving the quality of feed and of animal-derived products. In this context, phytogenic (=plant derived) feed additives are foreseen to have a promising future in animal nutrition due to their broad range of efficacies, and to their effects on sustainability and safety.
This document discusses sodium butyrate and its effects. It covers how sodium butyrate can induce the expression of host defense peptides in the intestinal tract, reduce Salmonella levels in the cecum, and promote intestinal development by improving villi length and digestibility. Sodium butyrate is also described as having antibacterial properties through disrupting bacterial membranes and virulence, as well as other benefits like stimulating pancreatic secretions and insulin production.
Program for the III Swine Health Focus Group - A Global Exchange of Ideas on Gut Health in Swine, hosted at the Marriott JW Hotel in Rio de Janeiro, from 30/05/ to 01/06/2017
This document discusses quality control and assurance in the feed industry. It covers:
1. The importance of nutrient content, availability, and consistency in feed ingredients.
2. Factors that influence feed quality such as processing, storage, and transportation conditions.
3. Procedures for quality control of raw materials and finished feed including visual inspections, sampling, and analysis.
4. The importance of specifications, standards, and continual improvement in a quality management system.
The document discusses various types of feed additives that are administered to animals and poultry to enhance nutrient effectiveness and digestion. It describes antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, antioxidants, emulsifiers, binders, organic acids, enzymes, phytogenics, and other additives. For each type, it provides examples and explains their modes of action, such as reducing pathogens, increasing nutrient absorption, and improving gut health. The document also notes that overuse of antibiotics as growth promoters can lead to antibiotic resistance.
The document discusses probiotics and their role in human health and nutrition. It defines probiotics as live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. The document outlines the historical background of probiotics and describes their key features, such as being viable cells that can survive the digestive system and exert positive health effects. Finally, the document discusses the health benefits of probiotics such as improving gastrointestinal and immune health as well as their applications in fermented dairy products.
Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed. The root word means "for life" and they promote gut health by regulating microflora balance. Common probiotic bacteria include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Saccharomyces. Food sources include yogurt, kefir, kimchi and they are also available as supplements. Research shows probiotics may help treat conditions like diarrhea, IBS, eczema and H. pylori infections by competing with pathogens and strengthening gut immunity. More studies are still needed to better understand probiotic strains, efficacy and applications in new products.
Dr. Tom Rehberger - Early Colonizing Bacteria in the GI Tract - Lessons from ...John Blue
Early Colonizing Bacteria in the GI Tract - Lessons from Poultry and Strategies for Swine - Dr. Tom Rehberger, President, Agro BioSciences, from the 2016 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 17-20, 2016, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-leman-swine-conference-material
Poster describing research on the efficacy of various dietary doses of a protease (RONOZYME ® ProAct) on the apparent digestibility, nutrient utilization and growth performance of juvenile Nile tilapia fed diets where fish meal is gradually replaced by plant proteins.
To learn more about DSM visit: http://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/home.html
Exogenous carbohydrases such as xylanases, amylases, and glucanases have been reported to improve energy utilization and performance of broiler chickens (Olukosi et al., 2008; Vieira et al., 2015). These enzymes may improve the access of endogenous enzymes to cell contents due to hydrolysis of cell wall arabinoxylans (Kocher et al., 2003) as well as to augment endogenous amylase in young birds (Gracia et al., 2003). Decreases in endogenous amino acid losses may also contribute to the beneficial effects of amylases (Jiang et al., 2008).
Near infrared spectroscopy was used to develop calibration equations to predict the protein, total phosphorus, and phytate phosphorus content of common poultry feed ingredients. The calibration data included 460 feed ingredient samples that were analyzed using chemical reference methods and near infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the calibration equations could accurately predict the protein, total phosphorus, and phytate phosphorus content of feed ingredients, with standard errors of cross validation below 0.16% for all three nutrients. The study demonstrated that near infrared spectroscopy is an effective method for rapidly analyzing the nutritional composition of common poultry feed ingredients.
This study investigated the effects of a phytase enzyme from C. braakii on phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in soybean meal, rapeseed meal, corn, and wheat for broiler chickens. Ten male broilers per treatment were fed one of nine diets, including a nitrogen-free synthetic diet and semi-purified diets with or without 1000 U/kg of phytase added, from days 20-24. True ileal phosphorus digestibility and phytate phosphorus disappearance were measured. The phytase significantly improved the hydrolysis of phytate phosphorus and total phosphorus digestibility of soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat, and corn.
This study compared the efficacy of four phytase products - PHY1 from Citrobacter braakii, PHY2 from E.coli, PHY3 from E.coli, and PHY4 from Peniophora lycii - on growth performance, apparent ileal phosphorus digestibility (AIDP), and bone mineralization in broiler chickens. PHY1 and PHY3 resulted in better growth performance compared to PHY2 and PHY4, and performed equally to the positive control diet. All phytase treatments resulted in similar effects in terms of bone mineralization and AIDP.
MaxiChick™ is the patented combination of two scientifically proven DSM products (Hy•D® and Carophyll® Red) that complement each other to boost the productivity of the breeder flock. An efficient source of Vitamin D3 and carotenoids for pigmentation are the two compounds of MaxiChick.
To find out more about DSM's work on poultry visit us on:http://www.dsm.com/markets/anh/en_US/species/species-poultry.html
Or why not speak to a specialist on Twitter: @goldenyolk
Hatchability is certainly a key performance and profitability
parameter for chick producers. Storing hatching eggs is a
current necessary practice and this can damage hatchability
results. Canthaxanthin, as an antioxidant, is particularly
effective for supporting hatchability. The vitelline membrane
strength (VMS) is very important to the early embryo survival.
The vitelline membrane protects the embryo (pH 6) from the
high pH of the albumen (pH 9.4) and therefore has to be
strong enough. The embryo progressively gets surrounded
by the yolk sac and is totally protected in the yolk sac between
day 3 and 4 of incubation.
Research has demonstrated that phytase is the only enzyme that is able to initiate
the release of phosphorus (P) from the phytate molecule, making it available for
absorption and utilization (Selle and Ravindran, 2007). The industrial demand for
phytases with greater potency in intestinal phytate hydrolysis and better heat
stability continues to stimulate the search for new enzyme sources. Enzyme
preparations with phytases derived from A. ficuum, Peniophora lycii and E. coli are
available commercially. More recently, new microbial 6-phytases produced by
synthetic genes, mimicking a gene from C. braakii or isolated from Buttiauxella,
were introduced into the market.
Hatchability is certainly a key performance and profitability parameter for chick producers. Storing hatching eggs is a current practice and this can damage hatchability results. Canthaxanthin, as an antioxidant, is particularly effective for supporting hatchability. The vitelline membrane strength (VMS) is very important to the early embryo survival that can-thaxanthin can promote it. The experiment involved a flock of 3,800 breeders (males and females) separated into two adjacent blocks. Feeding experiment started at 18 weeks of age with a control diet as 3000 IU/kg Vitamin D3 and no Carophyll® supplementation and experimental diet as 1,600 IU/kg vitamin D3, 37.5 μg/kg 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (HyD®) & 6 mg/kg canthaxanthin (Carophyll® Red 10%). Vitamin D3 or 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 were not expected to have any influence on the VMS. Eggs were collected at 40/45 weeks and stored 7 days. The VMS was evaluated using a com-pression machine. Stiffness and breaking strength were significantly increased with the supplementation of canthaxan-thin. Thanks to the unique capabilities of high deposition rate in the yolk and singlet oxygen quenching capabilities, canthaxanthin from Carophyll® can improve the VMS in complement to Vitamin E and we hypothesized that it contrib-utes to explain its influence on early embryo viability and hatchability in breeder performance.
Knowledge of amino acid (AA) digestibility of feed ingredients is necessary to feed broilers with
properly balanced compound diets. For this reason, more attention has recently been given to the
determination of AA digestibility of ingredients, recognizing that it may vary greatly depending
upon the feed ingredient. The effects of the inclusion of a mono-component serine protease
(Ronozyme® ProAct) on standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) of diets containing wheat
by-products (wheat DDGS (WDDGS) and wheat middlings (WM)) were evaluated in broilers.
- Improvement of SIAAD in the presence of protease is not the same for all AA and varies from one ingredient to another one. The effects of added protease are dependent on feed composition and on intrinsic digestibility of AA (COWIESON and ROOS (2014)).
- Factors such as type and quality of the ingredients, industrial processing and the presence of anti-nutritional substances such as tannins, phytates, trypsin inhibitors in plant species modulate the digestibility in poultry feed and thus the effectiveness of exogenous protease.
-The physiological state of animals (growth or maintenance), feed consumption or the nutritional feed quality could also influence the digestibility values.
Phytase efficiency to increase phosphorus utilization in
poultry has been proven for decades. In addition,
phytase was demonstrated to improve growth
performance, meat breast weight, amino acids
digestibility and plasma myo-inositol concentration.
The objective of this work was to investigate potential
interactions between phytase supplementation, growth
performance and host gene expression to identify
potential associated biomarkers.
Variation in trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) and protein solubility within commercial soybean meals (SBM) is believed to affect animal performance. The objective of this research was to investigate the proteolytic effect of purified pancreatic trypsin/chymotrypsin and a purified protease from Nocardiopsis prasina on 9 commercial SBM samples varying in chemical composition, TIA and protein solubility characteristics. SBM was incubated with or without protease (pH 7, 3 hours, 40°C) and the supernatants were analyzed by SDS-page and for level of free soluble amino ends using the o-phthal-dialdehyde method. SDS-page analysis showed differences in the amount and composition of the soluble protein fraction of the SBM. The proteolytic efficiency of the lower dosages of pancreatic protease varied extensively between SBM batches whereas at the highest dose the efficiency was comparable for all SBM. The difference could not be explained by differences in protein solubility and TIA values as isolated variables, but the data strongly suggest that the hydrolysis of soya protein by pancreatic proteases depends on the commercial batch of SBM used. Incubation with N. prasina protease showed similar response for the different SBM, the main difference being a somewhat lower effect at high protease dose for one of the SBM batches, which might be in part explained by its distinct lower protein solubility
Viscosity reduction by three feed enzymes was measured in a high throughput pressure sensing system using commercial dosages on purified polysaccharides (arabinoxylan and ß-glucan). Fluorescence and antibody microscopy techniques were also used to visualize effects on the solubilisation of endosperm cell walls of wheat and barley.
Viscosity data clearly demonstrated depolymerisation of mixed-linked ß-glucans by the two multicomponent enzymes. The two multicomponent enzymes also reduced the viscosity of the arabinoxylan solution, while the monocomponent xylanase most effectively depolymerised the arabinoxylan. Microscopy data revealed that the multicomponent enzyme chosen for the studies could solubilize barley cell walls by targeting both the ß-glucan strutures as well as the arabinoxylans. The xylanase could effectively solubilise barley cell walls by merely attacking the arabinoxylans.
This study evaluated the pigmenting efficacy and cooking stability of yellow carotenoids from Tagetes erecta (Pixafil P, Florafil F, and High zea Iber H) compared to apo-ester from CAROPHYLL® Yellow (CY) when fed to laying hens. CY was more effective at pigmenting fresh eggs and produced stable egg yolk coloration after boiling compared to the other carotenoids tested. Hens were fed diets with varying levels of each carotenoid for 3 weeks, and yolk color was measured in fresh and boiled eggs using a YolkfanTM color fan. CY provided the most intense and stable yellow color in both fresh and boiled eggs.
We investigated the effects of protease (Ronozyme ProAct, PRO) supplementation on the AID of 3 cereals in the presence or not of a multi-enzyme complex with β-glucanase and β-xylanase activity (GLU+XYL). The AID of most of AA was higher for corn and wheat than for barley. The inclusion of GLU+XYL increased the AID of DM, CP and of all the AA, except Met and Lys. The inclusion of PRO increased the AID of Gly and tended to increase that of most of the other AA. The combination of both enzymes did not improve further AA digestibility any.
Phytate is a natural dietary content and constitutes 0.4–6.4% (w/w) of most cereals and legumes (Eeckhout and Deaepe, 1994). It is poorly digestible for monogastric animals due to
a lack of effective endogenous phytase (Bitar and Reinhold, 1972). Phytate acts as an antinutritional factor, exerting its effects via a reduction in the solubility, and availability of
phosphorus (P), and to a lesser extent, Ca, Zn, Fe (Nävert et al., 1985; Hallberg et al., 1987; Hurrell et al., 2003). It was also reported that phytate could decrease the utilization of protein,
amino acids and starch. It has been suggested that phytate may bind with starch either directly, via hydrogen bonds, or indirectly, via proteins associated with starch (Thompson,
1988; Rickard and Thompson, 1997). Phytate is also known to inhibit a number of digestive enzymes such as pepsin, alpha-amylase (Deshpande and Cheryan, 1984) and increase mucin
secretion, excretion of endogenous minerals and amino acids in broiler chickens (Liu et al., 2008). Another issue is higher cost of dietary inorganic P which has been increased remarkably in last decade because of shortened phospate sources. Poultry industry has still been growing and reached huge mass production and contribution to environmental pollution has been heightened concerns because of the poor utilization of phytate phosphorus by poultry.
Feeding strategy
• Animal Requirements change with criteria: need to take into account various parameters to optimise performance
- need to take into account complexity due to variability of response and interaction,
no single dose response
- Availability of new tools to integrate complexity (model for dietary formulaƟon)
• Feed recommendation in sustainable system should integrate three objectives: production performance, environment and welfare
Product quality
• Limited influence on lipid fraction
• Effects on oxidation remains controversial
- anƟoxidant vs pro-oxidant
- interacƟons between level and duration of trace elements dietary level, issue, slaughtering conditions, product packaging and transformation, cooking.
• Good potential of product enrichment in trace mineral but limitation due to Regulation in
animal and human feeding and due to toxicity level for animals
This document discusses principles of quantity food production. It covers several key topics:
- Quantity food production refers to preparing food for 25 or more people and presents challenges for food managers.
- There are three main classifications of food service systems: commercial, non-commercial/institutional, and military.
- The objectives of quantity food production are to serve safe foods, retain nutritional quality, enhance appearance, develop flavor, increase digestibility, and adjust to budget requirements.
- Food safety is critical and contamination can occur at various stages from farm to table, so all players in the food chain must employ safety measures.
The document outlines the lesson plan for a seminar on the WHO theme for 2015 - "From farm to plate, make food safe". The objectives of the seminar are to describe the WHO theme, define food safety, describe the five keys to food safety and their importance, challenges to food safety, and where food gets contaminated. The lesson plan details the contents, timeline, and aids to be used for the seminar covering topics like the history of food safety, burden of foodborne illnesses, the five keys to food safety as per WHO, and challenges and sources of food contamination.
Conclusions
• Each additive affects microflora in a different manner
• Succesful and Sustentable Additives should contribute to mantain microflora diversity
• Some additives may also affect the host directly, not only the microbial communities
• Effects at host level should be understood and used to improve holistic efficiency
The rising global human population and the improving general human welfare standards comes with an increasing demand for animal proteins. According to an outlook report by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), the poultry meat production will grow over the next 10 years at around 2.3 percent annually to around 134.5 million tonnes of meat making it the largest meat sector from 2020 onwards.
Food Mutagens (Exploring Food Mutagens: Understanding Their Impact on Health ...Uswa34
Exploring Food Mutagens: Understanding Their Impact on Health and Safety
What are Food Mutagens?
Factors Influencing Mutagen Formation
Regulations and Safety Measures
Mutagen
Food mutagen
Cooking methods and mutagen formation
Factors influencing mutagen formation
Regulatory measures
Balanced diet and mutagen exposure
Conclusion
This video covers Introduction to food safety , food borne illnesses, food adulteration and food handler's hygience. This video emphasises on Indian context of food safety and FSSAI.
This document discusses food poisoning, including identifying high risk foods and people at risk, factors that can lead to food poisoning, and common bacteria involved. It aims to help recognize the seriousness of food poisoning and methods to prevent it. Some key points covered include that food poisoning can have serious consequences; meat, dairy and produce are high risk foods; the elderly, young, and sick are most vulnerable; and improper food handling, storage, and cooking can all contribute to food becoming contaminated and causing illness. Common bacteria that can cause food poisoning, their high risk foods, and symptoms are also outlined.
Food Safety Management, by Dechasa Adare Mengistu, Haramaya University.pdfDechasaAdare
This document discusses food safety management. It begins by introducing food and its importance for human life. It then discusses some of the main challenges to food safety, including the health risks posed by pathogens and chemicals in food. It also notes that about one-third of populations in developed countries experience foodborne illness each year. The document goes on to discuss the key elements and challenges of food safety management.
Microbial fermentation By Aneela SaleemAneelaSaleem
This document discusses different types of fermentation processes used in industry. It begins with an introduction and overview of fermentation media and microorganisms. It then describes the main types of fermentation processes - batch, fed-batch, and continuous fermentation - and factors that influence each type such as growth rate and flow rate. The document also covers solid state and submerged liquid fermentations. Important considerations for continuous fermentation are highlighted. Recent advances in fermentation technology are briefly mentioned at the end.
The document discusses preharvest food safety and security. It summarizes a meeting of professionals who discussed current preharvest food safety practices, problems caused by pathogens on farms, research needs, and communication priorities. Key topics included the diversity of food production environments; surveillance and risk assessment of foodborne pathogens; incentives for improving safety practices; and the role of trade in affecting practice changes. Research needs focused on detection methods, understanding impacts of illnesses, and microbial ecology/interactions on farms.
Edible Insects Market : Comprehensive Global Forecast (2023-2032)PriyanshiSingh187645
The global market for edible insects is expected to grow from its estimated USD 18341.2 million in 2023 to USD 269548.41 million in 2032 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 34.80% between 2024 and 2032.
This document discusses the potential clinical applications of probiotics. It begins by describing the microbial ecosystem and mucosal immunity in the intestine. It then discusses how probiotics can have beneficial effects such as promoting lactose digestion, building resistance to pathogens, and modulating the immune system. The document outlines several potential clinical applications of probiotics in treating conditions such as diarrhea, colon cancer, cardiovascular diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, allergy, hepatic encephalopathy, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, lactose malabsorption, and urogenital infections. It concludes by stating that probiotics have clearly established benefits for treating lactose malabsorption and acute diarrhea, and may be promising for other gut conditions
Smart food for the XXI century is a review dealing with some interesting biotechnological food approaches: gluten-free bread using iRNA silecing, micoprotein processing for its comercialization and edible films and coatings.
This document discusses food quality assurance and certification systems in Malaysia. It begins with an introduction about foodborne illnesses and their causes. It then discusses issues with food quality assurance, including a lack of standards enforcement in some exporting countries and internationalization of food supply chains. The functions of quality assurance are described as maintaining standards, quality control, and producing accurate information. Several certification schemes in Malaysia are outlined, including HACCP, MeSTI Good Manufacturing Practices. The benefits, requirements, and processes for obtaining these certifications are summarized. Finally, the "Bersih, Selamat dan Sihat" certification for food premises is introduced.
Similar to Impact of Intestinal disorders on health status in poultry flocks-Hafez Muenchen 2012 (20)
Presentation during the IV International Symphosium on Nutritional requirements of Poultry and Swine on March 29th - by Gilberto Litta DSM Animal Nutrition.
Main Message of the presentation is the importance of vitamin in Poultry Nutrition as well as the multiple benefits achievable.
Introduction
The mineral content in animal body is 2-5%.
• Most abundant minerals in
body:
– 36-39% Ca (bone ash)
– 17-19% P (bone ash)
Conclusion
STTD Ca requirements for 11 to 25 kg pigs:
– ADG is between 0.36 and 0.56%, G:F is 0.43%
– Bone ash, bone Ca, and bone P is between 0.48 and 0.56%
– Ca retention and P retention is between 0.48 and 0.52%
Recent research on vitamin requirement of modern swine breeds under current husbandry conditions is limited; tabular recommendations may underestimate the actual needs of growing pigs and breeding sows.
Clinical / subclinical vitamin deficiency can still occur within industrial swine production:
optimum vitamin supplementation prevents from deficiency and
exploits the genetic performance potential of swine.
Superior dietary supplementation levels of certain vitamins do provide additional value, such as improved stress and disease resistance, adequate welfare or better product quality.
General conclusions
- Current methods used by the industry to evaluate protein quality are not capable of detecting existing differences among SBM
- The composition and the protein quality of SBM vary with the origin of the bean
- Different matrixes should be used for SBM of different origins, NIR technology might help
- Proteases might improve the uniformity and nutritive value of SBM batches
Conclusions of the research:
Feeding 25OHD3 in place of the majority of dietary D3 improved broiler chicken vitamin D status and resulted in
a satellite cell-mediated muscle hypertrophy response in breast (PM), but not thigh (BF) muscles (Hutton et al.,
2013)
The differential response in functionally different muscles as well as the cell signaling mechanisms by which skeletal
muscle satellite cells respond to improved vitamin D status resulting from dietary Hy·D supplementation will
require further investigation.
Protein/amino acids are among the most expensive nutrients to deliver in poultry nutrition
The digestibility of protein in poultry is typically incomplete by the terminal ileum
Undigested protein that leaves the ileum is from both exogenous (diet) and endogenous (bird) sources
Understanding the digestion of dietary proteins and the recovery of endogenous proteins is important and can provide a basis for the use of exogenous proteases
Presented at a DSM customer event organized in Village Neuf, France on June 2013: Exploring the benefits of feed carotenoids for egg quality.
Yves Nys-Feeding laying hens and egg quality-Focus on carotenoids.
Presented at a DSM customer event, Village Neuf , France on June 2013: Exploring the benefits of feed carotenoids for egg quality. -Feed additives for laying hens: Registration process in Europe Focus on carotenoids-M.Lutzow-2013
The document discusses optimizing protein digestion in poultry through the use of exogenous proteases, noting that both endogenous proteins secreted by the bird and undigested dietary proteins leave the ileum undigested. It examines factors that influence protein digestion like diet composition and quality, and endogenous protein sources and recovery. Models are presented that can help predict how diet inputs like crude protein level and amino acid ratios influence the efficacy of adding an exogenous protease supplement to improve protein digestion and bird performance.
This document discusses current methods for measuring and maintaining gut integrity, and the importance of gut integrity for animal health. It describes how gut integrity can be compromised by dysbiosis, toxins, and pathogens. Indirect measurements of gut integrity include markers in circulation and changes in gut morphology. Butyrate-producing bacteria may help maintain integrity by reducing inflammation and preserving barrier function. Future work aims to increase levels of beneficial microbes and steer microbial activity to improve gut integrity through feed additives and developing easy integrity markers for field use.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...AbdullaAlAsif1
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The technology uses reclaimed CO₂ as the dyeing medium in a closed loop process. When pressurized, CO₂ becomes supercritical (SC-CO₂). In this state CO₂ has a very high solvent power, allowing the dye to dissolve easily.
Impact of Intestinal disorders on health status in poultry flocks-Hafez Muenchen 2012
1. 23/05/2012
1
Institute of Poultry Diseases
Free University Berlin, Germany
Impact of intestinal disorders
on health status in poultry flocks
Hafez Mohamed Hafez
Feed
Meat
GI
Basic role of poultry production
Chicks
3. 23/05/2012
3
Enteric disorders
What is the problem ?
Economic impact
*- High Mortality
*- Increase medication and /or vaccination cost
*- Uneven growth
*- Sub-clinical infection cause damage
to intestinal host cells and accompanied
with high economic losses
*- Bad feed conversion
4. 23/05/2012
4
chick
Fixed Cost
Feed
60-70%
10-15%
20-25%
Average main cost factors in commercial poultry
Feed
Structure
Palatability
Energy content
Pellet quality
Management
Available feed space
Available Water space
Distribution of feeders
Distribution of waterers
Air quality
Temperature
Stocking density
Viral agents
Reo, Rota, Astro, Entro, Parvo
ND, Influenza A
Bacterial agents
Salmonellas, Arizona, E. coli,
Clostridia
Mycotic agents
Candida
Parasites
Coccidia, Ascaridia
InfectiousNon infectious
Some Possible causes of enteric disorders of broiler
6. 23/05/2012
6
*- Animal welfare
*- Use of vet. drugs
*- Feed additives
*- Food safety
Legislations related to:
Cause of Enteric disorders
History of the EU ban on AMGP
EU ban is based on the
Precautionary Principle !!
To prevent/minimise the risk
of spreading the antibiotic
resistance
7. 23/05/2012
7
*- 1997 EU “suspended” avoparcin
*- 1998 EU ban for 4 AMGP :
- Spiramycin
- Tylosin
- Virginiamycin
- Zinc bacitracin
History of the EU ban on AMGP
Total ban of all
growth promoting
antibiotics except
for Coccidiostats
Anti-microbial growth promoters (AGP’S)
1st January 2006
8. 23/05/2012
8
*- Reduced performances
(BW & FCR)
*- Rearing husbandry problems
(wet litter and high ammonia level)
*- Animal welfare problem
(Foot pad dermatitis)
*- Health problems
(enteric disorders: dysbacteriosis and
Clostridial infections).
The consequences of the ban of AGPs
Transmission of infectious diseases
Vertical Transmission
Horizontal Transmission
9. 23/05/2012
9
*- Clinical signs
*- Gross lesions
Problems related to diagnosis
not specific
Many factors and
agents are involved
in enteric disorders
Problems related to diagnosis
10. 23/05/2012
10
Agent Prevalence
REO ++
Corona ++
Astro +/-
Adeno +/-
Coccidia +
Salmonella infection +/-
E. Coli (R) +++
Clostridial Enteritis (NE) +++
Some current ongoing infectious enteric diseases
Bacterial Enteritis Challenge
(Van der Sluis (2010). World Poultry 26(10):26-29.)
11. 23/05/2012
11
Bacterial enteritis (BE)
(Van der Sluis (2010). World Poultry 26(10):26-29.)
Clostridial Enteritis Challenge
(Van der Sluis (2010). World Poultry 26(10):26-29.)
12. 23/05/2012
12
Clostridia bacteria
*- Growth strict anaerobic
*- Short multiplication time
(Every 8 to 10 minutes)
*- Opt. growth: 12°- 50°C
*- Opt. growth: pH 6.0 - 7.0
Clostridia bacteria
*- Widespread in:
- Soils
- Feed
- Litter
- GIT of diseased and healthy
birds
13. 23/05/2012
13
Clostridia bacteria
*- Spores are very resistant to:
- Heat
- Desiccation
- Acids
- Many chemical disinfectants
CP are not very invasive
and are not able
to penetrate healthy gut
mucous membrane
Clostridium perfringens
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Predisposing factors
Intestinal stasis
Increase feed consumption
due to a high growth rate
Clostridium perfringens
*- Diet high in energy
*- High level of protein and fishmeal
*- Consumption of high fibre litter
and a wheat based diet
Predisposing factors
Feed composition
Clostridium perfringens
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*- Coccidiosis
*- Salmonellosis
*- Dysbacteriosis
Predisposing factors
Damage of the mucosa of GI tract
Clostridium perfringens
Dysbacteriosis complex
*- No real disease
*- Mortality = normal
*- Feed intake reduced
*- Water intake normal or higher
*- Diarrhoea
*- Foamy caecal droppings
*- Post Mortem: thin content in the
intestine (Fabri, 2004)
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Due to dysbacteriosis,
the environment in the
upper part of the intestine
may be favourable for
C. perfringens proliferation,
resulting in NE.
(Fabri, 2000)
Dysbacteriosis complex
Toxins production
Small intestine
Migration ?
Proliferation
C. perfringens
Necrotic Enteritis (NE)
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Clinical signs
*- Between: W 3 - 5
*- Mortality : 2 - 40%
*- Sudden depression
*- Inappetance
*- Tend to huddle
*- Diarrhoea
Necrotic Enteritis (NE)
*- No visible clinical signs on the farm
*- On the processing line high rate of
- Liver condemnation
- Downgrading carcasses
Cholangiohepatitis
Severe economic losses
Clostridium perfringens
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*- Mycotoxin-contaminated feed
*- Vitamin B6 and E deficiency
*- Inadequate levels of sulphur-
containing dietary amino acids
*- High levels of dietary copper
Gizzard erosions
*- Pelleted feed
*- Certain fish meals in feed
*- Adenovirus
*- C. perfringens
Gizzard erosions
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Clostridial Enteritis
Should we control
C. Perfringens
(Necrotic Enteritis)
*- To improve the performances
and parameters
*- To improve the poultry health
*- To improve the animal welfare
issues
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
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Control of Necrotic Enteritis
*- To reduce the production
costs
*- To improve the food
safety issues
*- Monitoring
*- Farm hygiene
*- Feed quality
*- Treatment
*- Vaccination
*- Stabilization the GI flora
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
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Monitoring
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
*- Litter
*- Dropping
*- Appearance
*- Content of the intestinal tract
*- Inflammation of the gut
Excess ammonia
Respiratory infections
Kerato-conjunctivitis
Comprise vaccine response
Wet Litter
Excess humidity
Enhanced coccidiosis
Aggravate breast blister
Enhanced leg disorders
Enhanced bacterial infections
Wet litter
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Greasy capped litter Nitrogen in litter
high fat in faeces high nitrogen in faeces
Pododermatitis burning
breast blisters
Litter
*- Feed quality
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
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Optimal diet composition
*- Quality feed ingredients are
very important and affect the
micro flora
*- Improve protein-balance in
the diet
*- Improve the amino acid profile
Improve protein-balance in the diet
*- Avoid high levels of fermentable
protein
*- Use complete digestible amino
acid profile in the feed
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Feed production technology
Particle size in the diet
coarse mash or 3 mm pellets
in the diet stay longer in the
crop and gizzard
pH in gizzard lower
Better pre-digestion
Particle size in the diet
*- better buffering of the feed
*- better activity of pancreas
enzymes
*- better digestion
*- less fermentation
Feed production technology
(Langhout, 2005)
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*- Vaccination
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
Vaccination ???
Broiler flocks with high titers of
maternal antibodies against
C. perfringens toxin
had lower mortality during the
production period
(Heier et al., 2001)
Necrotic Enteritis (NE)
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*- Stabilization the GI flora
Control of Necrotic Enteritis
Additive Possible mode of action
Prebiotics Promotion of the growth of desirable bacteria
in the GIT
Immune
stimulating
Reducing sub-clinical infections via an improved
development of the immune system
Enzymes Elimination of the anti-microbial effects of
carbohydrates
Acids Inhibition of the growth of bacteria
Essential oils Inhibition of the growth of bacteria, improving
the development of the immune system,
improving the palatability of the diet
Probiotics Introduction of desirable bacteria into the GIT
Possible alternative strategies
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Prebiotics
Several products are available, but
only a few meet the critical point of
the definition
Selective stimulation of one or a
limited number of bacteria within the
gut microflora
Prebiotics
Products used in poultry
Inulin + oligofructose/fructo-
oligosaccharides
of natural or synthetic origin
Mannan-oligosaccharides
of natural origin (yeast or other) products
based on yeast also contain beta-glucans
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Enzymes
The effects of diet and
Carbohydrase enzyme on growth
performance and gut health of
broiler challenged with
C. perfringens
(Jia et al., 2008)
Diet acidification
*- Organic acids widely used as
preservatives in feed
*- Organic acids have anti-
bacterial properties
*- Mixtures have stronger effects
due to synergism
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*- Volatile materials of plants
*- Give plants characteristic
odor and flavor
*- Found in various parts of
herbs and spices
*- Obtained by steam distillation
Essential oils (EO)
*- Botanical source
*- Time of harvesting
*- Isolation technique
*- Weather conditions
*- Part of plant used
*- Geographical location
Essential oils
Composition dependent on :
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Combinations of essential
oil components exhibit
significant greater effects
than individual components
(Chang et al., 2001; Zenner et al., 2003)
Antimicrobial activity of essential oils
Probiotics
FAO - Definition
Live microorganisms which,
when administered in adequate
amounts, confer a health
benefit on the host
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Probiotics
A lot of products on the market
Based on several species:
Bacteria:
Lactobacillus
Enterococcus
Bacillus
Pediococcus
…
Yeasts:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Probiotics
Positive impact on helping to
maintain the balance of
microflora in the intestinal
tract of poultry and
livestock.
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Possible alternative products
*- Appearance a lot of different
products with different modes
of action
*- Beneficial effects, sometimes
somewhat hard to measure
Since AGP ban:
(Vancraeynest, 2008)
Possible alternative products
*- Even if alternative are developed,
the rate of success is not always
comparable to AGP in specific
conditions.
*-The use of alternative needs to be
accompanied by sound management
coccidia control and hygiene.
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*- To improve the performances
and parameters
*- To improve the poultry health
*- To improve the animal welfare
issues
Control of Intestinal disorders