Attention towards natural growth promoters in poultry has been on the increase in different parts of the world. However, most studies focus on broiler birds and quail. This study analyzed how cinnamon powder supplemented in the diet of Lohmann Brown layer birds can improve egg quality. This study consisted of 5 treatments of 30 birds per treatment, comprising fifteen replicates of 2 birds per replicates. The treatments included: T1: Control without Cinnamon; T2: 4 litres of water + 0.1g of cinnamon; T3: 4 litres of water + 0.2g of cinnamon; T4: 4 litres of water + 0.3g of cinnamon; T5: 4 litres of water + 0.4g of cinnamon. Parameters measured were egg weight, egg mass, egg breadth, egg length, albumen height, albumen weight, yolk height, yolk length, yolk colour, yolk weight, shell weight, and shell thickness. The results revealed an increase in the albumen weight, yolk weight, albumen height, and yolk height as the inclusion levels of cinnamon powder increase. In addition, the egg weight was highest in treatment 5. Taken together, cinnamon powder addition in the diet of Lohmann Brown layer birds has a positive outcome on egg quality.
Egg quality characteristics of pullet chickens fed Neem (AzdirachtaIndica) le...IJEAB
A study was carried out with 180 dominant black strain pullet birds to evaluate the effect of neem and housing types on egg quality characteristics of pullets at point of lay. The birds were randomly assigned to two housing types (deep litter with run and deep litter housing) of 6 treatment groups comprising of 30 birds and 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial layout in a completely randomized design. Diets containing neem leaf meal (NLM) at 0, 0.5 and 1.0% was administered to birds. Data were collected egg external and internal characteristic at point of lay. Highest egg weight (45.53 g) was obtained in birds fed 0.5% NLM. Bright yellow yolks were obtained from birds managed on deep litter housing with run. It was concluded that up to 1.0% NLM could be included in the diets of laying pullets to trigger early egg production and improve egg yolk colour.
Processing, composition and sensory properties of chicken breast meat crisps ...Innspub Net
The research aims to know the potential content of the nutritional value of chicken shank bone and To know the tasty level of chicken floss that has been substituted with chicken feet bone. The research was conducted with the experimental method. The treatment applied to the organoleptic test is the different composition of chicken meat and chicken bone as chicken floss ingredient. Organoleptic test conducted on taste, aroma, color, and texture assessed by a panel of 20 people. Panelist assessment results were analyzed by Honestly Significant Difference Test. The Results of treatment were tested in the laboratory to determine the nutritional content. The test results will be discussed through descriptive analysis. Results of the study: 1) The content of the nutritional value of chicken bone claws mostly are protein 89.64% and fat 22.79%. 2) the formula of 90% cf and 10% cbf is the most preferred one.
Assessment of Ginger and Black Pepper as Feed Additives on Growth Performance...Premier Publishers
This study examined the growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets with ginger (Zingiber officinale L) and black pepper (Piper guineense Schum & Thonn) additives. A total of 240 day old unsexed Anak-2000 broiler chicks were allotted to four treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatment 1 was the control with no additive, Treatment 2 had 0.5% ginger powder, Treatment 3 had 0.5% black pepper powder, while Treatment 4 had a mixture of 0.25% ginger and 0.25% black pepper. From the results obtained, the ginger, black pepper and their combination diets were significantly different (p<0.05) in weight gain from the control diet, with the ginger diet recording the highest value of 2299.09g per bird, as against 1821.77g per bird from the control. Average feed intake was highest in the ginger diet with 5130.14g as against the control diet that had the least with 4420.71g. The ginger and combination diets gave better feed conversion ratio of 2.23 and 2.28 respectively, which was also significantly different from the control. Mortality recorded in the control treatment was highest with 5.00% and significantly different from the other treatments. Plucked weight of experimental birds was highest in diet 2 with 2165.53g and least in the control diet with 1710.31g. It can be concluded that the addition of the natural plant additives improved the measured parameters in comparison to the control diet and thus suggest that they hold considerable potential as growth promoting agents in broiler production.
Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing some Tropical Leaves as...AI Publications
Meat quality, carcass and organ characteristic of arbo acre breed of broiler chicken fed diets containing moringa, fluted pumpkin and African spinach meals and their composites as replacement for 50% synthetic methionine in diets were examined using a completely randomized experimental design involving two hundred and forty (240) chicks. Which were randomly distributed into eight dietary treatments of three replicates per treatment and ten birds per replicate. This study lasted for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, three (3) birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. The carcass and the organs characteristic were measured and thigh, breast and drumstick were separated for meat quality analysis. The carcass characteristic were all significantly (P≥0.05) differ with moringa having the highest. The organ characteristic shows that there were no significant (p≤0.05) difference in all the parameters except for the belly fat. The meat quality (P≤0.05) affected. There was improvement in thaw loss, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability of the meats with the inclusion of the leaf mills. The composite leaf meal inclusion gave the overall best result. It was concluded that the selected leaf meals and their composite could be used to replacement 50% synthetic methionine in poultry diet.
Effect of dietary supplementation of Albizia Lebbeck seed oil on the fatty ac...SubmissionResearchpa
An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Albizia lebbeck seed oil (ALO) on the fatty acid composition of weaner rabbits.50 weaned rabbits of mixed breed and sexes, aged between 6-7 weeks with an average initial body weight of 460 ± 1.3 were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of ten rabbits per group; each group was further divided into 5 replicates consisting of two rabbits each. Basal diet was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of rabbits according to NRC (1977). Rabbits in treatment 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with ALO at 0 %, 0.1%, 0.2 %, 0.3 % and 0.4 % respectively. Feed and water was given ad libitum and the experiment lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and omega-6/omega -3 ratio (n-6:n-3) values obtained. Rabbits fed diet containing 0.4 % ALO had the highest PUFA value (54.17 %), followed by T4 (53.01 %), T3 (45.13 %), T2 (37.61 %) and T1 (26.93 %) respectively. Similarly (n-6:n-3) composition in T5 (3.65 %) increased in T5 fed 0.4 % ALO compared with T1 (1.38 %) fed 0% ALO.Antherogenic index were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatments. It can be concluded that supplementation of ALO at 0.4 % highly influenced the composition of fatty acid in rabbit meat by Alagbe, J.O and Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M 2020. Effect of dietary supplementation of Albizia Lebbeck seed oil on the fatty acid composition of weaner rabbits. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 137-143. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.704 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/704 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/704
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter (0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k). At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
Specifications of feed ingredients and finished feeds, and bis standardsDr.Balakesava Reddy
Specifications are defined as a group of standards given by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) or Indian Standards Institute(ISI) to different feed ingredients for feeding of animals.
These are essential for feed quality assurance programme and serve as basis for ration formulation.
Egg quality characteristics of pullet chickens fed Neem (AzdirachtaIndica) le...IJEAB
A study was carried out with 180 dominant black strain pullet birds to evaluate the effect of neem and housing types on egg quality characteristics of pullets at point of lay. The birds were randomly assigned to two housing types (deep litter with run and deep litter housing) of 6 treatment groups comprising of 30 birds and 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial layout in a completely randomized design. Diets containing neem leaf meal (NLM) at 0, 0.5 and 1.0% was administered to birds. Data were collected egg external and internal characteristic at point of lay. Highest egg weight (45.53 g) was obtained in birds fed 0.5% NLM. Bright yellow yolks were obtained from birds managed on deep litter housing with run. It was concluded that up to 1.0% NLM could be included in the diets of laying pullets to trigger early egg production and improve egg yolk colour.
Processing, composition and sensory properties of chicken breast meat crisps ...Innspub Net
The research aims to know the potential content of the nutritional value of chicken shank bone and To know the tasty level of chicken floss that has been substituted with chicken feet bone. The research was conducted with the experimental method. The treatment applied to the organoleptic test is the different composition of chicken meat and chicken bone as chicken floss ingredient. Organoleptic test conducted on taste, aroma, color, and texture assessed by a panel of 20 people. Panelist assessment results were analyzed by Honestly Significant Difference Test. The Results of treatment were tested in the laboratory to determine the nutritional content. The test results will be discussed through descriptive analysis. Results of the study: 1) The content of the nutritional value of chicken bone claws mostly are protein 89.64% and fat 22.79%. 2) the formula of 90% cf and 10% cbf is the most preferred one.
Assessment of Ginger and Black Pepper as Feed Additives on Growth Performance...Premier Publishers
This study examined the growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens fed diets with ginger (Zingiber officinale L) and black pepper (Piper guineense Schum & Thonn) additives. A total of 240 day old unsexed Anak-2000 broiler chicks were allotted to four treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatment 1 was the control with no additive, Treatment 2 had 0.5% ginger powder, Treatment 3 had 0.5% black pepper powder, while Treatment 4 had a mixture of 0.25% ginger and 0.25% black pepper. From the results obtained, the ginger, black pepper and their combination diets were significantly different (p<0.05) in weight gain from the control diet, with the ginger diet recording the highest value of 2299.09g per bird, as against 1821.77g per bird from the control. Average feed intake was highest in the ginger diet with 5130.14g as against the control diet that had the least with 4420.71g. The ginger and combination diets gave better feed conversion ratio of 2.23 and 2.28 respectively, which was also significantly different from the control. Mortality recorded in the control treatment was highest with 5.00% and significantly different from the other treatments. Plucked weight of experimental birds was highest in diet 2 with 2165.53g and least in the control diet with 1710.31g. It can be concluded that the addition of the natural plant additives improved the measured parameters in comparison to the control diet and thus suggest that they hold considerable potential as growth promoting agents in broiler production.
Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing some Tropical Leaves as...AI Publications
Meat quality, carcass and organ characteristic of arbo acre breed of broiler chicken fed diets containing moringa, fluted pumpkin and African spinach meals and their composites as replacement for 50% synthetic methionine in diets were examined using a completely randomized experimental design involving two hundred and forty (240) chicks. Which were randomly distributed into eight dietary treatments of three replicates per treatment and ten birds per replicate. This study lasted for six weeks. At the end of the experiment, three (3) birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered. The carcass and the organs characteristic were measured and thigh, breast and drumstick were separated for meat quality analysis. The carcass characteristic were all significantly (P≥0.05) differ with moringa having the highest. The organ characteristic shows that there were no significant (p≤0.05) difference in all the parameters except for the belly fat. The meat quality (P≤0.05) affected. There was improvement in thaw loss, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability of the meats with the inclusion of the leaf mills. The composite leaf meal inclusion gave the overall best result. It was concluded that the selected leaf meals and their composite could be used to replacement 50% synthetic methionine in poultry diet.
Effect of dietary supplementation of Albizia Lebbeck seed oil on the fatty ac...SubmissionResearchpa
An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Albizia lebbeck seed oil (ALO) on the fatty acid composition of weaner rabbits.50 weaned rabbits of mixed breed and sexes, aged between 6-7 weeks with an average initial body weight of 460 ± 1.3 were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of ten rabbits per group; each group was further divided into 5 replicates consisting of two rabbits each. Basal diet was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of rabbits according to NRC (1977). Rabbits in treatment 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with ALO at 0 %, 0.1%, 0.2 %, 0.3 % and 0.4 % respectively. Feed and water was given ad libitum and the experiment lasted for 12 weeks.The results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and omega-6/omega -3 ratio (n-6:n-3) values obtained. Rabbits fed diet containing 0.4 % ALO had the highest PUFA value (54.17 %), followed by T4 (53.01 %), T3 (45.13 %), T2 (37.61 %) and T1 (26.93 %) respectively. Similarly (n-6:n-3) composition in T5 (3.65 %) increased in T5 fed 0.4 % ALO compared with T1 (1.38 %) fed 0% ALO.Antherogenic index were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatments. It can be concluded that supplementation of ALO at 0.4 % highly influenced the composition of fatty acid in rabbit meat by Alagbe, J.O and Akintayo - Balogun Omolere. M 2020. Effect of dietary supplementation of Albizia Lebbeck seed oil on the fatty acid composition of weaner rabbits. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 137-143. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.704 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/704 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/704
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter (0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k). At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
Specifications of feed ingredients and finished feeds, and bis standardsDr.Balakesava Reddy
Specifications are defined as a group of standards given by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) or Indian Standards Institute(ISI) to different feed ingredients for feeding of animals.
These are essential for feed quality assurance programme and serve as basis for ration formulation.
The Japanese egg market trends and expectations- Hatta, H. Presented at DSM Customer Event: Exploring the benefits of feed carotenoids for egg quality, Village Neuf, France, 2013.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT EXTRACTS ON THE SHELF LIFE OF FUNCTI...akdasivri
Chicken meat nuggets were incorporated with three different anti oxidant
extracts (1% level) of curry leaf (T1), guava leaf (T2) and green tea (T3)
separately along with control and stored at frozen temperature to study the antioxidant effect on the physico chemical, microbiological and sensory attributes. The results revealed that on advancement of storage period, the overall mean scores of physico chemical and microbiological parameters
were increased (P<0.05) and sensory scores were decreased (P<0.05)
irrespective of treatment. However, green tea incorporated nuggets (T3) showed (P<0.05) significantly lower scores for pH, TBARS, free fatty acid
value and SPC than other treatments. Higher (P<0.05) sensory scores were
observed for nuggets incorporated with green tea extract than control and
other treated samples. Curry leaf and guava leaf extract incorporated nuggets also had minor antioxidant effect on selected parameters than the control but not up to the level of green tea extract
Effects of Adding Different Levels of Phytase to Diet Containing Low Phosphor...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of addition of different levels of phytase containing low phosphorus diets on performance, eggshell quality and bone characteristics in laying Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). In the experiment, a total of 162 7-week-oldlaying Japanese quail were fed two different diets containing 0.33 % available phosphorus (AP, control) and 0.15 % AP supplemented with phytase 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 phytase unites/g feed. Each diet was feed to groups having three replicates, each cages nine quail, in completely randomized design. Feed and water supplied for ad-libitum. Light was provided 17 hours daily. Egg production, egg mass, average daily feed consumption, viability, fat-free dried tibia weight were improved, as phytase level increased in the diet. However, final live weight, carcass weight, body weight gain, feed efficiency, tibia ash (%) and deformed egg ratio (%), some eggshell quality parameters measured in eggs collected at the end of the first period, were not affected by treatments. With regard to measured parameters, the responses of laying quail, to the increasing phytase levels, were not linear. The performance and bone parameters of the group fed with 1500 units were very close to that of the control group, even higher than the control group in some traits. Decreasing in shell weight of eggs collected at last three days of the experiment were not prevented any of the phytase levels. At the same period, shell thickness and breaking strength of the eggs of groups fed with 1500 and 2000 units phytase, were significantly lower than that of the control group. Manure ash percentage of phytase added groups were significantly lower than the control group.
Can proteases play a role in enteric health- Langhout, P. Presentation for Workshop 4, at the Feed Proteases and enzyme presentation, The Netherlands, 2014
Effects of Ovaprim Hormone on Induced Breeding of Clarias gariepinusBRNSS Publication Hub
This study was conducted to determine the artificial breeding with application of optimum dosage of stimulatory Ovaprim hormones. Female treated with T1 (0.3), T2 (0.4), T3 (0.5), and T4(control) ml/kg/body weight. The result showed that stimulated with T3 (0.5) obtained better eggs quantity (25006) followed by T2 (0.4) (17,200), while the lowest quantity (8233) was in T1 (0.3), but T4(control) was failed. The spawning hours, fertilization and hatchability, was significantly affected by three doses (P ˂ 0.05). The hatchability hours was not significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˃ 0.05). The survival rate was significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˂ 0.05). The highest survival rates (53.67%) observed in T3 (0.5) followed by T2 (0.4) (42%) while the lowest (32.67%) in T1 (0.3).
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme
supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth
performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with
Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets
less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter
(0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1
(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were
supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets
separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed
to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of
fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model
protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary
groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along
with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the
parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water
to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the
starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at
starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k).
At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed
conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance
characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the
cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was
comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme
enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
The Japanese egg market trends and expectations- Hatta, H. Presented at DSM Customer Event: Exploring the benefits of feed carotenoids for egg quality, Village Neuf, France, 2013.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT EXTRACTS ON THE SHELF LIFE OF FUNCTI...akdasivri
Chicken meat nuggets were incorporated with three different anti oxidant
extracts (1% level) of curry leaf (T1), guava leaf (T2) and green tea (T3)
separately along with control and stored at frozen temperature to study the antioxidant effect on the physico chemical, microbiological and sensory attributes. The results revealed that on advancement of storage period, the overall mean scores of physico chemical and microbiological parameters
were increased (P<0.05) and sensory scores were decreased (P<0.05)
irrespective of treatment. However, green tea incorporated nuggets (T3) showed (P<0.05) significantly lower scores for pH, TBARS, free fatty acid
value and SPC than other treatments. Higher (P<0.05) sensory scores were
observed for nuggets incorporated with green tea extract than control and
other treated samples. Curry leaf and guava leaf extract incorporated nuggets also had minor antioxidant effect on selected parameters than the control but not up to the level of green tea extract
Effects of Adding Different Levels of Phytase to Diet Containing Low Phosphor...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of addition of different levels of phytase containing low phosphorus diets on performance, eggshell quality and bone characteristics in laying Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). In the experiment, a total of 162 7-week-oldlaying Japanese quail were fed two different diets containing 0.33 % available phosphorus (AP, control) and 0.15 % AP supplemented with phytase 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 phytase unites/g feed. Each diet was feed to groups having three replicates, each cages nine quail, in completely randomized design. Feed and water supplied for ad-libitum. Light was provided 17 hours daily. Egg production, egg mass, average daily feed consumption, viability, fat-free dried tibia weight were improved, as phytase level increased in the diet. However, final live weight, carcass weight, body weight gain, feed efficiency, tibia ash (%) and deformed egg ratio (%), some eggshell quality parameters measured in eggs collected at the end of the first period, were not affected by treatments. With regard to measured parameters, the responses of laying quail, to the increasing phytase levels, were not linear. The performance and bone parameters of the group fed with 1500 units were very close to that of the control group, even higher than the control group in some traits. Decreasing in shell weight of eggs collected at last three days of the experiment were not prevented any of the phytase levels. At the same period, shell thickness and breaking strength of the eggs of groups fed with 1500 and 2000 units phytase, were significantly lower than that of the control group. Manure ash percentage of phytase added groups were significantly lower than the control group.
Can proteases play a role in enteric health- Langhout, P. Presentation for Workshop 4, at the Feed Proteases and enzyme presentation, The Netherlands, 2014
Effects of Ovaprim Hormone on Induced Breeding of Clarias gariepinusBRNSS Publication Hub
This study was conducted to determine the artificial breeding with application of optimum dosage of stimulatory Ovaprim hormones. Female treated with T1 (0.3), T2 (0.4), T3 (0.5), and T4(control) ml/kg/body weight. The result showed that stimulated with T3 (0.5) obtained better eggs quantity (25006) followed by T2 (0.4) (17,200), while the lowest quantity (8233) was in T1 (0.3), but T4(control) was failed. The spawning hours, fertilization and hatchability, was significantly affected by three doses (P ˂ 0.05). The hatchability hours was not significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˃ 0.05). The survival rate was significantly affected by hormone doses (P ˂ 0.05). The highest survival rates (53.67%) observed in T3 (0.5) followed by T2 (0.4) (42%) while the lowest (32.67%) in T1 (0.3).
A study was carried out to evaluate the nutritive value and enzyme
supplementation of different sources of energy in broiler diets on the growth
performance and heamatological parameters of broiler chickens supplemented with
Mazigrain® enzyme within the treated groups. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets
less (23.17 % CP; 2831 Kcal/ME and 21.73 % CP; 2929 Kcal/ME) for the broiler starter
(0 - a month) and finisher phases (5–8 months) respectively were formulated. Diet 1
(maize based diet) served in as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were
supplemented with sorghum, pearl millet, cassava and sweet potatoes based diets
separately. A sum of 225 day-old NAPRI X broiler chicks were haphazardly distributed
to the five treatments. Every treatment comprised of 45 broilers with three repeats of
fifteen birds each in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The general linear model
protocol of S.A.S. 9.0. was used to analyze the collected data. Among the dietary
groups significant changes (P<0.05) was found utilizing a Tukey test. Enzyme along
with various energy sources have noteworthy (P<0.05) changes on every one of the
parameters (final weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, water intake, water
to feed ratio and feed cost per kilogram weight gain) except for death rate at the
starter phase. Broilers that had sorghum based diet had the best performance at
starter stage (final weight; 627 g, weight gain; 576.85 g, feed cost/kg gain; ^ 187.95 k).
At the finisher stage, sorghum supplemented with enzyme had the best feed
conversion ratio (1.96) and feed cost/kg gain; ^ 171.15 k. The optimal performance
characteristics were recorded for sorghum based diets. Feed cost / kg gain was the
cheapest on birds fed sorghum based diet with enzyme supplementation which was
comparable with those fed the maize based diet. However, the use of enzyme
enhanced the performance of birds at both the starter and finisher phases.
Hematology and Serum Biochemistry of Growing West African Dwarf Goats Fed Cas...BRNSS Publication Hub
A 60-day feeding trial was conducted with 40 growing West African Dwarf bucks aged 5–7 months with
an initial average weight of 5.25 kg ± 0.35 to determine their hematological and serum biochemical
parameters. The goats were randomly allocated to five treatments namely: T1 (100% urea-treated cassava
peel), T2 (60% untreated cassava peel + 40% cassava foliage), T3 (60% untreated cassava peel + 40%
poultry manure), T4 (60% untreated cassava peel + 20% cassava foliage + 20% treated cassava peel), and
T5 (60% untreated cassava peel + 20% cassava foliage + 20% poultry manure) in a complete randomized
design. Each treatment was split into eight replicates. At the end of the feeding trial, blood samples were
collected from four goats per treatment to evaluate the following hematological indices: packed cell volume
(PCV), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean
corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC). Serum parameters determined were
total protein (g/dL), albumin (g/dL), globulin (g/dL), creatinine (mg/dL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (iu/L),
alanine transaminase (ALT) (iu/L), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (iu/L), and urea (iu/L). PCV, RBC
and WBC showed significant (P<0.05) difference among the treatment groups while other haematological
parameters examined showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Serum biochemical parameters indicated
that total protein ranged from 4.10 to 5.18 g/dL, albumin: 1.90–2.55 g/dL, creatinine: 0.08–1.28 mg/dL,
ALP: 53.18–96.95 iu/L, ALT: 138.75–176.50 iu/L, globulin: 2.20–3.03 iu/L, AST: 16.18–17.58 iu/L, and
urea: 17.60–23.75 iu/L. All the values obtained for hematological and serum biochemical parameters were
within the normal ranges for growing goats. This indicates that feeding of cassava peel with supplemental
nitrogen sources had no deleterious effect on the body physiology and health of the animals.
Performance Characteristics and Carcass Yield of Indigenous Turkeys Fed Indom...iosrjce
This study evaluated the performance of turkey poults fed indomie waste (IW) based-diet. A total of
one hundred and forty-four (144) local strain of turkey poults were allotted to four dietary treatments in which
indomie waste was used to replace maize at 0%, 33.33%, 66.67%, and 100% levels, representing treatments one
to four (T1- T4) respectively. Each treatment was replicated three times with 12 poults per replicate using the
Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The study lasted for eight weeks. The initial weights of the poults were
taken while the final weight record was taken at the end of the study. The feed intake record was taken daily and
computed as total feed consumed per bird at the end of the study while weight gain, feed conversion ratio and
feed cost were calculated. Three birds were randomly selected from each replicate for carcass and organ
evaluation and were expressed as percentages of the body weight. The result showed that the IW significantly
(p< 0.05) affected the average weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio. The cost of feed per kg
decreased with increasing levels of IW in the diet. Significant differences were not observed in the carcass and
organ except in the breast yield. The lowest cost of feed was obtained at 100% inclusion level. The reduction in
feed cost is an advantage to the farmer who desires low cost of production. It was evident that IW could be
incorporated into the diet of local strain of turkey poults up to 100% level without any deleterious effect on the
performance of the turkeys, however, the 66.67% replacement which led to higher final body weight and better
feed conversion is recommended.
Effect of dry heat treated jackfruit seed powder on growth of experimental an...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Economics of production and egg quality characteristics of Layer Chickens Fed...AI Publications
The study evaluated the effect of prosopis africana seed coat meal (PASCM) on the economics of production and egg quality characteristics of three hundred (300) Nera brown layer chickens thatwere fed for 39 weeks. The birds were randomly allotted to 5 experimental diets with 3 replications of 20 birds each. The diets were formulated with the inclusion of PASCM at 0, 15, 20, 25 and 30% levels for treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively and the data collected were subjected to analysis of Variance in a completely randomized design. Results obtained showed that in the economics of egg production, egg/hen/day, egg sales/day (₦) and profit/day (₦) decreased with increased PASCM inclusion in the diets. While most of the egg quality parameters were affected (P < 0.05) by the dietary treatments, except egg weight, egg length, shell thickness and egg shape index. The economics of production and egg quality characteristics showed that 20% PASCM inclusion level resulted in optimum production and hence this level is recommended for adoption.
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
In recent years, aquaculture has gained in importance as a renewable source of dietary protein and as a viable commercial activity. To maintain this position in the future and to continue to provide a good investment opportunity, the problems the sector currently faces must be addressed. One of the more important of these concerns is the cost of feed, which is estimated to be 50-60 percent of the total cost of production. Numerous studies on the use of different feed formulations, feed ingredients and feeding techniques have been conducted (Kaushik et al., 2004; Thiessen et al., 2003; Martinez et al., 2004; Enes et al.,2006; Izquierdo et al., 2003). These studies have included assessments of various alternative raw materials, vitamins and minerals, monitoring the amount of feed provided to the fish, and the addition of pigments and other feed additives to the diet. In particular, various feed additives with growth promoting properties came into prominence in these studies (Francis et al., 2005; Haroun et al., 2006; Abdel-Tawwab et al., 2008; Lara-Flores et al., 2003; Li and Gatlin, 2004;). Growth promoting feed additives may contain different ingredients as plant extracts, organic acids, probiotics, hormones etc.
The Statutory Interpretation of Renewable Energy Based on Syllogism of Britis...AI Publications
The current production for energy consumption generates harmful impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment causing instability to sustainable development goals. The constitutional reforms of British Government serve to be an important means of resolving any encountered incompatibilities to political environment. This study aims to evaluate green economy using developed equation for renewable energy towards political polarization of corporate governance. The Kano Model Assessment is used to measure the equivalency of 1970 Patents Act to UK Intellectual Property tabulating the criteria for the fulfillment of sustainable development goals in respect to the environment, artificial intelligence, and dynamic dichotomy of administrative agencies and presidential restriction, as statutory interpretation development to renewable energy. The constitutional forms of British government satisfy the sustainable development goals needed to fight climate change, advocate healthy ecosystem, promote leadership of magnates, and delegate responsibilities towards green economy. The presidential partisanship must be observed to delineate parties of concerns and execute the government prescriptions in equivalence to the dichotomous relationship of technology and the environment in fulfilling the rights and privileges of all citizens. Hence, the political elites can execute corporate governance towards sustainable development of renewable energy promoting environmental parks and zero emission target of carbon dioxide discharges. The economic theory developed in statutory interpretation for renewable energy serves as a tool to reduce detrimental impacts of carbon dioxide to the environment, mitigate climate change, and produce artefacts of bioenergy and artificial intelligence promoting sustainable development. It is suggested to explore other vulnerabilities of artificial intelligence to prosper economic success.
Enhancement of Aqueous Solubility of Piroxicam Using Solvent Deposition SystemAI Publications
Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is characterized by low solubility-high permeability. The present study was designed to improve the dissolution rate of piroxicam at the physiological pH's through its increased solubility by using solvent deposition system.
Analysis of Value Chain of Cow Milk: The Case of Itang Special Woreda, Gambel...AI Publications
Ethiopia has a long and rich history of dairy farming, which was mostly carried out by small and marginal farmers who raised cattle, camels, goats, and sheep, among other species, for milk. Finding the Itang Special Woreda cow milk value chain is the study's main goal. In order to gather primary data, 204 smallholder dairy farmer households were randomly selected, and the market concentration ratio was calculated using 20 traders. Descriptive statistics, econometric models, and rank analysis were used to achieve the above specified goals. Out of all the participants in the milk value chain, producers, cafés, hotels, and dairy cooperatives had the largest gross marketing margins, accounting for 100% of the consumer price in channels I and II, 55% in channels III and V, and 25.5% in channels V. The number of children under five, the number of milking cows owned, the amount of money from non-dairy sources, the frequency of extension service contacts, the amount of milk produced each day, and the availability of market information were found to have an impact on smallholders' involvement in the milk market. Numerous obstacles also limited the amount of milk produced and marketed. The poll claims that general health issues, sickness, predators, and a lack of veterinary care are plaguing farmers. In order to address the issue of milk perishability, the researchers recommended the host community and organization to construct an agro milk processor, renovate the dairy cooperative in the study region, and restructure the current conventional marketing to lower the transaction and cost of milk marketing.
Minds and Machines: Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Investment Decisions ...AI Publications
In the evolving landscape of financial decision-making, this study delves into the intricate relationships among Emotional Intelligence (EI), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Investment Decisions (ID). By scrutinizing the direct influence of human emotional intelligence on investment choices and elucidating the mediating role of AI in this process, our research seeks to unravel the complex interplay between minds and machines. Through empirical analysis, we reveal that EI not only directly impacts ID but also exerts its influence indirectly through AI-mediated pathways. The findings underscore the pivotal role of emotional awareness in investor decision-making, augmented by the technological capabilities of AI. It suggests that most investors are influenced by the identified emotional intelligence when making investment decisions. Furthermore, AI substantially impacts investors' decision-making process when it comes to investing; nevertheless, AI partially mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and investment decisions. This nuanced understanding provides valuable insights for financial practitioners, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for holistic strategies that integrate emotional and technological dimensions in navigating the intricacies of modern investment landscapes. As the synergy between human intuition and artificial intelligence becomes increasingly integral to financial decision-making, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the symbiotic relationship between minds and machines in investments.0
Bronchopulmonary cancers are common cancers with a poor prognosis. It is the leading cause of death by cancer in Algeria and in the world. Behind this unfavorable prognosis hides numerous disparities according to age, sex, and exposure to risk factors, ranking 4th among incident cancers and developing countries including Algeria, all sexes combined. It ranks 2nd cancers in men and 3rd among women. Whatever the age observed, the incidence of this cancer is higher in men than in women, however the gap is narrowing to the detriment of the latter. The results of scientific research agree to relate trends in incidence and mortality rates to tobacco consumption, including passive smoking. Furthermore, other risk factors are mentioned such as exposure to asbestos in the workplace or to radon for the general population, or even genetic predisposition. However, the weight of these etiological and/or predisposing factors is in no way comparable to that of tobacco in the genesis of lung cancer and the resulting mortality. We provide a literature review in our article on the descriptive and analytical epidemiology of lung cancer.
Further analysis on Organic agriculture and organic farming in case of Thaila...AI Publications
The objective of this paper is to present Further analysis on Organic agriculture and organic farming in case of Thailand agriculture and enhancing farmer productivity. In view of the demand for organic fertilizers, efforts should also be made to enhance and to develop more effective of compost, bio-fertilizer, and bio-pesticides currently used by farmers. Likewise, emphasis should also be laid on the cultivation of legumes and other crops that can enhance the fertility of the soil, as practiced by farmers in many developing countries to fertilize their lands. On the other hand, most of the farmers who practice this farm system found that they are adopting a number of SLMs and interested in joining the meeting or training to gain more and more knowledge.
Current Changes in the Role of Agriculture and Agri-Farming Structures in Tha...AI Publications
The objective os this study is to present Current Changes in the Role of Agriculture and Agri-Farming Structures in Thailand and Vietnam with SLM practices. Farmer’s adoption and investment in SLM is a key for controlling land degradation, enhancing the well-being of society, and ensuring the optimal use of land resources for the benefit of present and future generations (World Bank, 2006; FAO, 2018). And agriculture remains an essential element of lives of many farmers in term of the strong cultural and symbolic values that attach current working generation to do and to spend time for it but not intern of income generating.
Growth, Yield and Economic Advantage of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in R...AI Publications
Haphazard and low soil fertility, low yielding verities and poor agronomic practices are among the major factors constraining onion production in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in East Showa Zone of Adami Tulu Jido Combolcha district in central rift valley areas at ziway from October 2021 to April 2022 to identify appropriate rate of NPSB fertilizer and planting pattern of onion varieties. The experiment was laid out in split plot design of factorial arrangement in three replications. The main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates and varieties (red coach and red king) significantly (p<0.01) influenced plant height, leaf length, leaf diameter, leaf number and fresh leaf weight, shoot dry matter per plant, and harvest index. Total dry biomass, bulb diameter, neck diameter, average fresh bulb weight, bulb dry matter, marketable bulb yield, and total bulb yield were significantly (p<0.01) influenced only by the main effect of NPSB blended fertilizer rates. In addition, unmarketable bulb yield was statistically significantly affected (p≥0.05) by the blended fertilizer rates and planting pattern. Moreover, days to 90% maturity of onion was affected by the main factor of NPSB fertilizer rate, variety and planting pattern. The non-fertilized plants in the control treatment were inferior in all parameters except unmarketable bulb yield and harvest index. Significantly higher marketable bulb yield (41 t ha-1) and total bulb yield (41.33 t ha-1) was recorded from 300 kg ha-1 NPSB blended fertilizer rate applied. Double row planting method and hybrid red coach onion variety had also gave higher growth and yields. The study revealed that the highest net benefit of Birr, 878,894 with lest cost of Birr 148,006 by the combinations of 150 kg blended NPSB ha-1 with double row planting method (40cm*20cm*7cm) and red coach variety which can be recommendable for higher marketable bulb yield and economic return of hybrid onion for small scale farmers in the study area. Also, for resource full producers (investors), highest net benefit of Birr 1,205,372 with higher cost (159,628 Birr) by application of 300 kg NPSB ha-1 is recommended as a second option. However, the research should be replicated both in season and areas to more verify the recommendations.
Evaluation of In-vitro neuroprotective effect of Ethanolic extract of Canariu...AI Publications
The ethanolic extract of canarium solomonense leaves (ecsl) was studied for its neuroprotective activity. The neuroprotective activity of ECSL was found to have a significant impact on neuronal cell death triggered by hydrogen peroxide (MTT assay) in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Scopolamine, a muscarinic receptor blocker, is frequently used to induce cognitive impairment in laboratory animals. Injections of scopolamine influence multiple cognitive functions, including motor function, short-term memory, and attention. Using the Morris water maze, the Y maze, and the passive avoidance paradigm, memory enhancing activity in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats was evaluated. Using the Morris water maze, the Y maze, and the passive avoidance paradigm, ECSL was found to have a substantial effect on the memory of scopolamine- induced amnesic rats. Our experimental data indicated that ECSL can reverse scopolamine induced amnesia and assist with memory issues.
The goal of neuroprotection is to shield neurons against damage, whether that damage is caused by environmental factors, pathogens, or neurodegenerative illnesses. Inhibiting protein-based deposit buildup, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, as well as rectifying abnormalities of neurotransmitters like dopamine and acetylcholine, are some of the ways in which medicinal herbs have neuroprotective effects [1-3]. This review will focus on the ways in which medicinal herbs may protect neurons.
A phytochemical and pharmacological review on canarium solomonenseAI Publications
The genus Canarium L. consists of 75 species of aromatic trees which are found in the rainforests of tropical Asia, Africa and the Pacific. The medicinal uses, botany, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities are now reviewed. Various compounds are tabulated according to their classes their structures are given. Traditionally canarium solomonense have been used to treat a broad array of illnesses. Pharmacological actions for canarium solomonense as discussed in this review include antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antitumor activity.
Influences of Digital Marketing in the Buying Decisions of College Students i...AI Publications
This research investigates the influence of digital marketing channels on purchasing decisions among college students in Ramanathapuram District. The study highlights that social media marketing, online advertising, and mobile marketing exhibit substantial positive effects on purchase decisions. However, email marketing's impact appears to be more complex. Moreover, the study explores how demographic variables like gender and academic level shape these effects. Notably, freshman students display varying susceptibility to specific digital marketing messages compared to their junior, senior, or graduate counterparts. These findings offer crucial insights for marketers aiming to tailor their strategies effectively to the preferences and behaviors of college students. By understanding the differential impacts of various digital marketing channels and considering demographic nuances, marketers can refine their approaches, optimize engagement, and ultimately enhance the effectiveness of their campaigns in targeting this demographic.
A Study on Performance of the Karnataka State Cooperative Agriculture & Rural...AI Publications
The Karnataka State Co-operative Agriculture and Rural Development Bank Limited is the apex bank of all the primary co-operative agriculture and rural development banks in the state. All the PCARD Banks in the state are affiliated to it. The KSCARD Bank provides financial accommodation to the PCARD Banks for their lending operations. In order to quick sanction and disbursement of loans and supervision over the PCARD Banks the KSCARD Bank has opened district level branches. Bank has established Women Development Cell to promote entrepreneurship among women in 2005. The Bank is identifying women borrowers in the rural areas by assigning suitable projects to motivate their self-confidence to lead independent life. Progress made in financing women entrepreneurs women.
Breast hamartoma is a rare, well-circumscribed, benign lesion made up of a variable quantity of glandular, adipose and fibrous tissue. This is a lesion that can affect women at any age from puberty. With the increasingly frequent use of imaging methods such as mammography and ultrasound as well as breast biopsy, cases of hamartoma diagnosed are increasing. The diagnosis of these lesions is made by mammography. The histological and radiological aspects are variable and depend on its adipose tissue content. The identification of these lesions is important in order to avoid surgical excisions. We report radio-clinical and pathological records of breast hamartoma.
A retrospective study on ovarian cancer with a median follow-up of 36 months ...AI Publications
Ovarian cancer is relatively common but serious and has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to highlight the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of this malignant pathology managed at the Bejaia university hospital center. This is a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 3 years (2019 - 2022) carried out on 20 patients who developed ovarian cancer. The average age of the patients was 50 years old, 53.23% of whom were over 45 years old. The CA-125 blood test was positive in 18 out of 20 patients. The tumors were discovered on ultrasound in 87.10% of cases and at laparotomy in 12.90%. Total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy was the most performed procedure (64.52%). The early postoperative course was simple. 15 patients underwent second look surgery (16.13%) for locoregional recurrences. Epithelial tumors were the most frequent histological type (93.55%), including 79% in the advanced stage ( IIIc -IV) and 21% in the early stage (Ia- Ib ). Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 80% of patients. With a median follow-up of 36 months, 2 patients were lost to follow-up. The evolution was favorable in 27.42% and in 25.81% deaths occurred late postoperatively. Ovarian cancer is not common but serious given the advanced stages and the high rate of late postoperative deaths which were largely observed in patients deprived of adequate neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy.
More analysis on environment protection and sustainable agriculture - A case ...AI Publications
This study presents a case of tea and coffee crops , esp. environment protection and sustainable agriculture in Son La and Thai Nguyen of Vietnam. Research results show us that The process of having an agricultural product goes through many steps such as planting, planning, harvesting, packing, transporting, storing and distributing. - The State adopts policies to encourage innovation of agricultural production models and methods towards sustainability, adapting to climate change, saving water, and limiting the use of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. chemicals and products for environmental treatment in agriculture; develop environmentally friendly agricultural models. Our research limitation is that we can expand for other crops, industries and markets as well.
Assessment of Growth and Yield Performance of Twelve Different Rice Varieties...AI Publications
The present investigation entitled “Assessment of growth and yield performance of twelve different rice varieties under north Konkan coastal zone of Maharashtra” was carried out during the kharif season of the year 2021 and 2022 on the field of ASPEE, Agricultural Research and Development Foundation, Tansa Farm, At Nare, Taluka Wada, District Palghar, Maharashtra, India. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The twelve varieties namely Zini, Jaya, Dandi, Rahghudya, Govindbhog, Dangi, Gurjari, VNR-7, VNR-8, VNR-9, Karjat-3, and Karjat-5 were replicated thrice. The plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, number of panicles (m²), and length of panicle (cm) were noted to the maximum with cv. “VNR-7”. The highest number of seeds per panicle, test weight (gm), grain yield (q/ha), and straw yield (q/ha) were recorded with the cv. “VNR-7”. While the lowest number of days to 50% flowering was also recorded with cv. “VNR-7” during the year 2021 and 2022.
Cultivating Proactive Cybersecurity Culture among IT Professional to Combat E...AI Publications
In the current digital landscape, cybercriminals continually evolve their techniques to execute successful attacks on businesses, thus posing a great challenge to information technology (IT) professionals. While traditional cybersecurity approaches like layered defense and reactive security have helped IT professionals cope with traditional threats, they are ineffective in dealing with evolving cyberattacks. This paper focuses on the need for a proactive cybersecurity culture among IT professionals to enable them combat evolving threats. The paper emphasis that building a proactive security approach and culture can help among IT professionals anticipate, identify, and mitigate latent threats prior to them exploiting existing vulnerabilities. This paper also points out that as IT professionals use reactive security when dealing with traditional attacks, they can use it collaboratively with proactive security to effectively protect their networks, data, and systems and avoid heavy costs of dealing with cyberattack’s aftermaths and business recovery.
The Impacts of Viral Hepatitis on Liver Enzymes and BilrubinAI Publications
Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes liver inflammation and damage. Several different viruses cause hepatitis, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. The hepatitis A and E viruses typically cause acute infections. The hepatitis B, C, and D viruses can cause acute and chronic infections. Hepatitis A causes only acute infection and typically gets better without treatment after a few weeks. The hepatitis A virus spreads through contact with an infected person’s stool. Protection by getting the hepatitis A vaccine. Hepatitis E is typically an acute infection that gets better without treatment after several weeks. Some types of hepatitis E virus are spread by drinking water contaminated by an infected person’s stool. Other types are spread by eating undercooked pork or wild game. Hepatitis B can cause acute or chronic infection. Recommendation for screening for hepatitis B in pregnant women or in those with a high chance of being infected. Protection from hepatitis B by getting the hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis C can cause acute or chronic infection. Doctors usually recommend one-time screening of all adults ages 18 to 79 for hepatitis C. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent liver damage. The hepatitis D virus is unusual because it can only infect those who have a hepatitis B virus infection. A coinfection occurs when both hepatitis D and hepatitis B infections at the same time. A superinfection occurs already have chronic hepatitis B and then become infected with hepatitis D. The aim of this study is to find the effect of each type of viral hepatitis on the bilirubin (TB , DSB) , and liver enzymes; AST, ALT, ALP,GGT among viral hepatitis patients. 200 patients were selected from the viral hepatitis units in the central public health laboratory in Baghdad city, all the chosen cases were confirmed as a positive samples , they are classified into four equal group each with fifty individual and with a single serological viral hepatitis type either; anti-HAV( IgM ) , HBs Ag , anti-HCV ,or anti-HEV(IgM ). All patients were tested for; serum bilirubin ( TB ,D.SB ) , AST , ALT , ALP , GGT. Another fifty quite healthy and normal person was selected as a control group for comparison. . Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBVAST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver cell damage than AST, It is relatively specific for hepatocyte necrosis with a marked elevations in viral hepatitis. Liver enzymes and bilirubin changes are more pronounced in HAV, HEV than HCV and HBV.AST and ALT lack some sensitivity in detecting HCV ,HBV and mild elevations of ALT or AST in asymptomatic patients can be evaluated efficiently by considering ,hepatitis B, hepatitis C. ALT is generally a more sensitive indicator of acute liver
Determinants of Women Empowerment in Bishoftu Town; Oromia Regional State of ...AI Publications
The purpose of this study was to determine the status of women's empowerment and its determinants using women's asset endowment and decision-making potential as indicators. To determine representative sample size, this study used a two-stage sampling technique, and 122 sample respondents were selected at random. To analyze the data in this study, descriptive statistics and a probit model were used. The average women's empowerment index was 0.41, indicating a relatively lower status of women's empowerment in the study area. According to the study's findings, only 40.9% of women were empowered, while the remaining 59.1% were not. The probit model results show that women's access to the media, women's income, and their husbands' education status have a significant and positive impact on the status of women's empowerment, while the family size of households has a negative impact. As a result, it is important to enhance women's access to the media and income, promote family planning and contraception, and improve men's educational status in order to improve the status of women's empowerment.
Vietnam Mushroom Market Growth, Demand and Challenges of the Key Industry Pla...IMARC Group
The Vietnam mushroom market size is projected to exhibit a growth rate (CAGR) of 6.52% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/vietnam-mushroom-market
Roti Bank Hyderabad: A Beacon of Hope and NourishmentRoti Bank
One of the top cities of India, Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana and home to some of the biggest companies. But the other aspect of the city is a huge chunk of population that is even deprived of the food and shelter. There are many people in Hyderabad that are not having access to
Ang Chong Yi Navigating Singaporean Flavors: A Journey from Cultural Heritage...Ang Chong Yi
In the heart of Singapore, where tradition meets modernity, He embarks on a culinary adventure that transcends borders. His mission? Ang Chong Yi Exploring the Cultural Heritage and Identity in Singaporean Cuisine. To explore the rich tapestry of flavours that define Singaporean cuisine while embracing innovative plant-based approaches. Join us as we follow his footsteps through bustling markets, hidden hawker stalls, and vibrant street corners.
Hamdard Laboratories (India), is a Unani pharmaceutical company in India (following the independence of India from Britain, "Hamdard" Unani branches were established in Bangladesh (erstwhile East Pakistan) and Pakistan). It was established in 1906 by Hakeem Hafiz Abdul Majeed in Delhi, and became
a waqf (non-profitable trust) in 1948. It is associated with Hamdard Foundation, a charitable educational trust.
Hamdard' is a compound word derived from Persian, which combines the words 'hum' (used in the sense of 'companion') and 'dard' (meaning 'pain'). 'Hamdard' thus means 'a companion in pain' and 'sympathizer in suffering'.
The goals of Hamdard were lofty; easing the suffering of the sick with healing herbs. With a simple tenet that no one has ever become poor by giving, Hakeem Abdul Majeed let the whole world find compassion in him.
They had always maintained that working in old, traditional ways would not be entirely fruitful. A broader outlook was essential for a continued and meaningful existence. their effective team at Hamdard helped the system gain its pride of place and thus they made an entry into an expansive world of discovery and research.
Hamdard Laboratories was founded in 1906 in Delhi by Hakeem Hafiz Abdul Majeed and Ansarullah Tabani, a Unani practitioner. The name Hamdard means "companion in suffering" in Urdu language.(itself borrowed from Persian) Hakim Hafiz Abdul Majeed was born in Pilibhit City UP, India in 1883 to Sheikh Rahim Bakhsh. He is said to have learnt the complete Quran Sharif by heart. He also studied the origin of Urdu and Persian languages. Subsequently, he acquired the highest degree in the unani system of medicine.
Hakim Hafiz Abdul Majeed got in touch with Hakim Zamal Khan, who had a keen interest in herbs and was famous for identifying medicinal plants. Having consulted with his wife, Abdul Majeed set up a herbal shop at Hauz Qazi in Delhi in 1906 and started to produce herbal medicine there. In 1920 the small herbal shop turned into a full-fledged production house.
Hamdard Foundation was created in 1964 to disburse the profits of the company to promote the interests of the society. All the profits of the company go to the foundation.
After Abdul Majeed's death, his son Hakeem Abdul Hameed took over the administration of Hamdard Laboratories at the age of fourteen.
Even with humble beginnings, the goals of Hamdard were lofty; easing the suffering of the sick with healing herbs. With a simple tenet that no one has ever become poor by giving, Hakeem Abdul Majeed let the whole world find compassion in him. Unfortunately, he passed away quite early but his wife, Rabia Begum, with the support of her son, Hakeem Abdul Hameed, not only kept the institution in existence but also expanded it. As he grew up, Hakeem Abdul Hameed took on all responsibilities. After helping with his younger brother's upbringing and education, he included him in running the institution. Both brothers Hakeem Abdul Hameed and Hakim Mohammed
2. Usman Sulaiman et al. International Journal of Forest, Animal and Fisheries Research (IJFAF)
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purchased at 18 weeks old from Global West Farms at
Ewura in Oyo State. Before starting the experiment, the
birds were allowed to acclimatize for three weeks and
randomly divided into five treatments of 30 birds per
treatment comprising fifteen replicates of 2 birds per
replicates. They were offered adequate feed, clean and fresh
water daily throughout the experiment and were submitted
to a light regimen of 15 hours daily. Diet was fed to each
treatment group at 7.00 am and 12.00 pm daily. The
experiment started when the birds have started laying fully
at 21 weeks old and lasted till 33 weeks old translating to
twelve (12) weeks of data collection.
The Cinnamon powder (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) used
was procured from Gel Spice Company in its finished fine
powder form. Layer mash and Cinnamomum zeylanicum
was introduced to the commercial layers when they started
laying at an inclusion level of 4litres of water in 0g, 0.1g,
0.2g, 0.3g and 0.4g of cinnamon powder. Cinnamon powder
was adequately mixed to dissolve in drinking water fully to
avoid settling of the powder. Five experimental diets
(Cinnamomum zeylanicum + 4 litres of water) was
formulated:
Diet 1: Control without Cinnamon, Diet 2: 4 litres of water
+ 0.1g of cinnamon, Diet 3: 4 litres of water + 0.2g of
cinnamon, Diet 4: 4 litres of water + 0.3g of cinnamon, and
Diet 5: 4 litres of water + 0.4g of cinnamon.
Eggs were collected and weighed from each replicate daily.
At the end of each week, one egg was randomly selected
from each replicate. It was subjected to the following
measurements: Egg weight (g), egg mass (g), egg breadth
(mm), egg length (mm), albumen height (cm), albumen
weight (g), yolk height (cm), yolk length (mm), yolk colour,
yolk weight (g), shell weight (g), shell thickness (mm).
Weight measurements were carried out using an electric
weighing balance. Length and breadth measurements using
a vernier calliper. Height was measured using a ruler while
the thickness with a micrometre screw gauge. Yolk colours
were measured by comparing with an egg yolk colour fan.
Data obtained from this study were subjected to analysis of
variance using SAS. Significantly different means were
separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) of
the same package.
*Premix composition per kg diet: Vitamin A 10,000,000iu, Vitamin B 13750 Mg, Vitamin B2 5000Mg, Vitamin B6 3750Mg,
Vitamin B12 2000 Mg, Vitamin D3 2,500,000iu, Vitamin E30,000iu, Vitamin k3 5000Mg, Antioxidant 1250 Mg, Biotin 1500
Mg, Choline chloride 500,000Mg, Copper 6500 Mg, Cobalt 200 Mg, Folic 125 Mg, Iron 70,200 Mg, Iodine 400 Mg, manganese
75,000 Mg, Niacin (PP) 30,000Mg, Selenium 80 Mg, Zinc 85,500Mg.
Table 1: Gross composition and nutrient content of experimental diets
Feed Ingredients Quantity (%)
Maize 35.00
Groundnut Cake 12.000
Soybean Meal 9.000
Palm Kernel Cake 15.000
Corn Bran 15.00
Fish Meal 1.200
Oyster Shell 8.000
Bone Meal 4.000
Lysine 0.150
Methionine 0.200
Premix* 0.250
Salt 0.200
TOTAL 100.000
Crude Protein (g kg-1
) 17.890
ME (Kcal kg-1
) 2497.270
Crude Fiber (%) 5.347
Calcium (g kg-1
) 29.22
Available Phosphorus (g kg-1
) 3.04
Sodium (g kg-1
) 1.46
Chlorine (g kg-1
) 2.42
Potassium (g kg-1
) 7.25
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III. RESULTS
The results of the supplementation of cinnamon powder on
external egg quality characteristics of layers is shown in
table 2. There were significant (p<0.05) differences among
the parameters measured across the treatment except for egg
length, similar all through. The highest value of the egg
weight was recorded in T5 (61.32g), with the lowest value
in T2 (58.24g).
Egg mass was highest in T5 (54.08g), similar to T3 (53.47g),
while the lowest value of 51.31g was observed in T2, similar
to T1 with the value 51.87g. The birds on T5 have the highest
egg breath value, 43.63g, while T1, T3 and T4 were observed
to be similar with the values of T1 (43.30g), T3 (43.57g) and
T4 (43.40g) with the lowest value (43.04g) recorded in T2.
Table 2: Mean values of cinnamon powder on external egg quality characteristics of layers chicken
Parameters T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 ±SEM
Shell weight 4.63ab
4.48ab
4.39b
4.78a
4.48ab
0.47
Shell thickness 0.33b
0.32b
0.50a
0.34b
0.33b
0.13
Egg weight 59.22bc
58.24c
60.34ab
59.65abc
61.32a
2.43
Egg mass 51.87b
51.31b
53.47a
52.62ab
54.08a
2.24
Egg length 55.16a
55.43a
54.82a
55.64a
55.50a
1.67
Egg breadth 43.30ab
43.04b
43.57ab
43.40ab
43.63a
0.81
T1: Control without Cinnamon; T2: 4 litres of water + 0.1g of cinnamon; T3: 4 litres of water + 0.2g of cinnamon; T4: 4 litres
of water + 0.3g of cinnamon; T5: 4 litres of water + 0.4g of cinnamon. Means along the same row with different superscripts
are significantly (p<0.05) different, SEM=Standard Error Mean.
Table 3 shows the mean values of cinnamon powder on
internal egg quality characteristics of layers. There were
significant (p<0.05) differences among the parameters
measured across the dietary treatments. The value of the
albumin weight was observed to be highest in T5 (38.95g),
the lowest value was in T2 (36.64g).
Yolk height was highest in T5 (2.24g), while the lowest was
observed in chickens fed on diet T2 (2.07g). The result
revealed an increase in the albumen weight, yolk weight,
albumen height, and yolk height as the inclusion levels of
cinnamon powder increase.
Table 3: Mean values of cinnamon on internal egg quality characteristics of layers
T1: Control without Cinnamon; T2: 4 litres of water + 0.1g of cinnamon; T3: 4 litres of water + 0.2g of cinnamon; T4: 4 litres
of water + 0.3g of cinnamon; T5: 4 litres of water + 0.4g of cinnamon. Means along the same row with different superscripts
are significantly (p<0.05) different, SEM=Standard Error Mean.
Parameters T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 ±SEM
Albumen weight 36.80b
36.64b
37.80ab
37.61ab
38.95a
2.14
Yolk weight 14.38a
13.93b
14.39a
13.93b
14.53a
0.15
Albumen height 1.62a
1.61a
1.63a
1.78a
1.67a
0.27
Yolk length 37.05a
36.90a
37.20a
37.04a
37.01a
1.42
Yolk height 2.11b
2.07b
2.10b
2.11b
2.24a
0.12
Yolk colour 7.45a
6.85b
7.20a
6.92a
6.63a
1.38
4. Usman Sulaiman et al. International Journal of Forest, Animal and Fisheries Research (IJFAF)
5(6)-2021
Int. J. Forest Animal Fish. Res.
www.aipublications.com/ijfaf Page | 7
IV. DISCUSSION
In the present article, we investigated whether cinnamon
affects the egg qualities of laying commercial birds. Our
findings converge with Suwarta & Suryani (2019) research
on quail that cinnamon powder significantly increased egg
weight and egg shell weight. In addition, our study revealed
for the first time that shell weight, shell thickness,
egg weight, egg mass and egg breadth were significantly
influenced by cinnamon powder supplementation in the diet
of layer birds. Vali et al. (2013) reported that
supplementation of Cinnamon zeylanicum bloom and
Thymus vulgaris on the egg quality of Japanese quail
significantly improved egg quality parameters, supporting
the present result on egg quality and cinnamon powder.
Ulku et al. (2015) on the effect of cinnamon and rosemary
oils on egg quality in laying quails indicated that cinnamon
oil added a positive effect on egg shell quality.
Our finding revealed a significant interaction between
cinnamon powder and egg weight, in line with Torki et al.
(2015) and Hesham et al. (2019), who studied the effect of
cinnamon essential oil on the egg quality of laying hens.
Abo Ghanima et al. (2020) reported on the effect of housing
system, rosemary and cinnamon essential oils on egg
quality traits, reviewed that supplementation of rosemary
and cinnamon essential oils in laying hens had a significant
effect on egg quality characteristics. The study of Vali &
Mottaghi (2016) reported the effect of using different levels
of cinnamon and thyme powder on egg quality
characteristics in Japanese quails reviewed that egg shell
and egg shell thickness increases significantly compared to
control.
However, the result of this study contradicted the findings
of Santos et al. (2019), who reported that the use of
cinnamon in Japanese laying quail had no significant effect
on performance or the egg quality variable. Except for the
specific gravity and colour of the yolk, which increases
linearly as the inclusion of cinnamon powder increases. The
findings of Soomro et al. (2018) also disagreed with the
current study that the alternative use of turmeric in induced
moulting on the performance of layers had non-significant
differences among the groups for egg width, yolk weight,
and albumin weight.
V. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the result of the study indicated that the
inclusion of cinnamon powder at 0.4g/4liters to the drinking
water of layers has improved egg quality compared to other
dietary treatments. Thus, cinnamon can be used as a natural
egg booster for layer birds. Future research may extend this
work by exploring other natural AGP alternatives on
different breeds of laying birds.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
ETHICAL APPROVAL
The two authors have declared that, “principle of laboratory
animal care” (NIH publication 8023 revised 1978) were
followed as well as the University law.
AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS
This work was conducted in collaboration by both authors.
Both authors have read and approved the final version of the
manuscript.
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