This document discusses educational objectives and Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. It defines educational objectives as desired changes in learner behavior or goals as a result of teaching and learning activities. Bloom's taxonomy categorizes educational objectives into three domains: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. The cognitive domain involves knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation. The affective domain encompasses attitudes, appreciation, values and interests. The psychomotor domain includes physical skills and actions. Each domain has multiple levels moving from basic to more complex objectives. The document provides examples to illustrate each level within the domains.
Note on evaluation and assessment Part - 1Babitha Devu
This is the introductory part of Evaluation in CET. The purpose, Principles & types of evaluation are elaborated here.
further, the criteria for selection of assessment techniques are also briefed.
Note on evaluation and assessment Part - 1Babitha Devu
This is the introductory part of Evaluation in CET. The purpose, Principles & types of evaluation are elaborated here.
further, the criteria for selection of assessment techniques are also briefed.
Master rotation plan is the overall plan of rotation of all students in a particular educational institution, showing the placement of the students belonging to total programme (4 years in B.Sc.(N) and 3 years in GNM) includes both theory and practice denoting the study block, partial block, placement of student in clinical blocks, team nursing, examinations, vacation, co-curricular activities etc.
Teaching learning Process. Process of Teaching learning Process, ELEMENTS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING,SIGNIFICANCE OF TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS IN NURSING
Assessment is part of the everyday activities of nursing professionals. Assessment is the only way by which a teacher can know how successful his teaching was and what areas in teaching need improvement.
Master rotation plan is the overall plan of rotation of all students in a particular educational institution, showing the placement of the students belonging to total programme (4 years in B.Sc.(N) and 3 years in GNM) includes both theory and practice denoting the study block, partial block, placement of student in clinical blocks, team nursing, examinations, vacation, co-curricular activities etc.
Teaching learning Process. Process of Teaching learning Process, ELEMENTS OF TEACHING AND LEARNING,SIGNIFICANCE OF TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS IN NURSING
Assessment is part of the everyday activities of nursing professionals. Assessment is the only way by which a teacher can know how successful his teaching was and what areas in teaching need improvement.
This presentation discusses the rationale for using objectives in lesson planning, the approaches to writing objectives and classifying objectives once they have been written.
Educational objectives are the statements of those desired changes in behavior as a result of specific teaching-learning activities or specific teacher-learner activity
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
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Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
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- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
2. DEFINITION
1. Educational objectives are the
statements of those desired
changes in behavior as a result of
specific teaching learning activity
or specific teacher learner
activities.
2. Desired end results or goals are
expected or anticipated end
3. CONTD..
3. The result sought by the
learner at the end of the
educational program, i.e. what
the students should be able to
do at the end of a learning
period, that they could not do
before hand- (J.J.GUILBERT)
5. THE THREE DOMAINS ARE:
COGNITIVE DOMAINS –
Knowledge and Intellectual
abilities.
AFFECTIVE DOMAINS –
Attitude, Values, Interests and
Appreciation.
PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAINS –
Motor skills
6. COGNITIVE DOMAIN
BLOOM presented the taxonomy of
cognitive domain.
It consists of six levels of objectives,
each of which is divided into
subcategories.
♣ Level -1: Knowledge
♣ Level – 2: Comprehension
♣ Level – 3: Application
♣ Level – 4: Analysis
♣ Level – 5: Synthesis
♣ Level – 6: Evaluation
7. Level – 1 {KNOWLEDGE}
Description:
Recall of specifics & universals, recall
of methods and processes or the recall
of a pattern, structure or setting.
Knowledge of specifics includes
knowledge of terminology of and
knowledge of specific facts.
Knowledge of specifics
includes:
(a) Knowledge of conventions.
8. Contd..
(c) Knowledge of classifications and
categories.
(d) Knowledge of criteria.
(e) Knowledge of methodology
Knowledge of the universals
and abstractions in a field include:
(a) Knowledge of principles
generalisations.
(b) Knowledge of theories and
structures.
9. Contd..
Action verbs:
define, state, list, name, outline, write,
recall, recognize, label, underline,
select, measure, describe, identify
Examples:
1. Defines Immunity.
2. States the five steps in Nursing
process.
3. States the four steps in curriculum
development
4. Describes the healing process.
10. Level – 2 {COMPREHENSION}
Description:
• Make limited use of information in the
form of Translation, interpretation,
extrapolation.
Translation- Using other to
communicate something said or printed
without altering the meaning.
Interpretation- Ability of the students
to explain the meaning and significance
of information in their own words.
Extrapolation- Ability to work out or
estimate unknown information from the
known information.
12. Contd..
Examples:
1. classifies cirrhosis of liver based on
the etiology.
2. Identifies the importance of good
nutrition during the antenatal period.
3. Explains the role of pulse polio in
eradicating poliomyelitis.
4. Classifies Mental Retardation.
5. Identifies the factors influencing quality
assurance in hospital.
6. Explains the role of Advanced Practice
Nurse
13. Level – 3 {APPLICATION}
Apply abstractions, general principles, or
methods to specific concrete situations.
Verbs Used:
Predict, Select, Choose, Assess, Explain, Find,
Show, Construct, Demonstrate, Compute,
Use, Perform, Discover, Prepare, Produce etc.
Example
1. Demonstrates correct use of pulse
oxymeter.
2. Applies the guidelines for the selection and
practice of suitable teaching methods.
3. Formulates the diet plan for the patient with
DM.
14. Level – 4 {ANALYSIS}
Description:
• Breakdown information into its
component parts, which may be
elements of information, relationships
between elements or organisation and
structure information.
• Analysis helps to separate the
important aspects from the less
important, thus clarifying the
meaning.
15. CONTD..
Verbs Used:
Analyse, Identify, Conclude,
Differentiate, Separate, Compare,
Justify, Discriminate, Distinguish etc.
Example
1. Distinguishes between mood and
affect.
2. Identifies the warning signs of
pregnancy
3. Differentiates the pain of myocardial
infarction with pain of angina
pectoris.
16. Level – 5 {SYNTHESIS}
Description:
• Combine various parts to form a new
whole: Learning outcomes in this
area stress creative behaviors with
major emphasis on the formulation of
new Patterns or structures.
Verbs Used:
Combine, Restate, Precise, Summarize,
Argue, Discuss, Organize, Drive,
Select, Generalize, Conclude, Compile,
Plan etc.
17. CONTD..
Example:
1. Devises a care plan for a patient
with myocardial infarction.
2. Plan a nursing care plan for a patient
with schizophrenia.
3. Derives solution for the hospital
waste problem.
4. Summarizes the impact of consumer
protection act in the nurse patient
relationship
18. Level – 6 {EVALUATION}
Description:
Ability to judge the value of
material for a given purpose.
Judgments are to be based on
definite criteria.
19. CONTD..
Verbs Used:
Judge, Evaluate, Determine,
Recognize, Support, Criticize,
Identify, Select, Choose,
Compare, Justify etc.
Example:
* Compare and contrast any two
definitions of education.
21. AFFECTIVE DOMAIN
It consists of five levels of objectives
Karath is related to affective domain
Francis. M. Quinn describes affective
domain.
Level 1: Receiving (Attending)
Level 2: Responding
Level 3: Valuing
Level 4; Organization
Level 5: Characterization
22. Level Description Example
Receiving {Attending} Demonstrates a willingness
to participate in the activity
Asks rights questions by
honoring the dignity of
the patient during History
Collection.
Responding Shows interest in the objects,
phenomena, or activity by
seeking it out or pursuing it
for pleasure
Assists the patient in
carry out ADL
Valuing Internalizes an appreciation
for (values) the objectives,
phenomena, or activity
Initiates the building of
IPR with patients.
Organization Begins to compare different
values, and resolves conflicts
between them to form an
internally consistent system
of values
Combines various
interaction skills to
nurture IPR.
Characterization Adopts a long-term value
system that is "pervasive,
Displays confidence while
caring patients with MI.
23. Level Verbs
Receiving Asks, Choices, Replies and Selects etc.
Responding Answers, Compiles, Assists, Conforms and
Helps etc.
Valuing Invites, Joins, Justifies etc.
Organization Alters, Arranges, Combines, Modifies etc.
Characterization Acts, Displays, Discriminates, Listens etc.
25. PSYCHOMOTOR DOMAIN
Harrow developed the taxonomy for
psychomotor domain
It consists of Seven Levels,
According to Francis M. Quinn seven
levels are as follows
1. Perception
2. Set
3. Guided Response
4. Mechanism
5. Complex overt Response
6. Adaptation
7. Origination
26. PERCEPTION
It is concerned with perception of
the sensory cues that guides actions
and ranges from awareness of
stimuli to translation into action.
Action Verbs:
Differentiates, Distinguishes,
Identifies, Detects etc.
Example:
Detects the early signs of Decubitus
Ulcer.
27. Set
Concerned with cognitive,
Affective and Psychomotor
readiness to act.
Action Verbs:
Begins, Moves, Starts, Reacts etc.
Example:
Reacts promptly to emergency
situations during trauma care
postings.
28. GUIDED RESPONSE
It represents early level of skill
acquisition.
Here skills are performed following
the demonstration of teachers.
Action Verbs:
Carries out, Makes, Performs,
Calculate etc.
Example:
Performs bed making correctly as
demonstrated by the teacher.
29. MECHANISM
At this level the performance has
become habitual.
Verbs used here are similar to those
similar to that of level 3.
Example: Calculates the volume of
fluid required in the first day for a
patient admitted with 60 percentage
burns and weighing 50 Kg.
30. COMPLEX OVERT RESPONSE
This level denotes the skilled
performance and involves the
economy of action, smoothness,
effort, accuracy and efficiency
etc.
Action Verb: Similar to level 3.
Example: Performs endotracheal
intubation correctly.
31. ADAPTATION
In this level the learned skill are
internalized to an extend the student
can adapt to cater for special
circumstances.
Action Verbs:
Adapts, Alters, Modifies, Reorganizes
etc.
Example:
Modifies sterilization techniques
according to the methods available.
32. ORIGINATION
This is the highest level.
Concerns with the development of
new movements to suit particular
circumstances.
Action Verbs:
Creates, Designs, Composes, Originates
etc.
Example:
Designs a splint to restrain the
forearm of a child who is on IV
infusion.
33. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Basavanthappa B.T. Nursing Education.
2ND edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers (p) Ltd; 2009.
PAGE NO: 430-440
Neeraja K P. Textbook of
Communication and Education
Technology for Nurses. 1ST edition. New
Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers (P) Ltd; 2011.
PAGE NO: 152-159
34. Contd..
Sankaranarayanan B. Sindhu. B.
Learning & Teaching Nursing. 4TH edition.
Calicut: Brain fill Publications; 2012.
PAGE NO: 38-45
Buttar. B. K. Kumari. N. A Text Book Of
Communication & Educational
Technology. Jalandhar: S Vikas & Co;
2010. PAGE NO: 173-174
Su WM. Osisek PJ. J Contin Educ
Nurs. 2011 Jul; 42(7):321-7. Doi:
10.3928/00220124-20110621-05;
Available from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2170
35. Contd..
Krau SD. Nurs Clin North Am. 2011
Sep; 46(3):299-312, VI. Doi:
10.1016/j.cnur.2011.05.002. Available
from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21
791265.
Hauer J, Quill T. J Palliat Med. 2011
Apr; 14(4):503-8. Doi:
10.1089/jpm.2010.0232. Epub 2011
Mar 25. Available from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21