Economics of magur culture(clarias batrachus)
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This document summarizes the economics of magur fish culture on a 3 hectare farm over 6-7 months. It details the capital costs, variable costs, fixed costs, total expenditures, total income, net profit, and benefit-cost ratio. The total capital cost is Rs. 300,000. The total variable costs are Rs. 4,79,450. With total income of Rs. 10,00,000 and total expenditures of Rs. 5,87,395, the net profit is Rs. 4,12,605. The benefit-cost ratio is 1.70, indicating profits from the venture.
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Define biodiversity –
‘’ Biodiversity include of the particular area may be living organisms (plant and animal) called biodiversity ’’.
• Simple words in can be defined as the biodiversity .
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case study of agricultural project
1. Composite fish culture involves culturing multiple compatible fish species together in freshwater ponds or tanks. Common species include Indian major carps and exotic carps.
2. Proper pond management is required, including liming, fertilizing, and stocking fingerlings. Supplementary feeding is also provided.
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POLICY OUTCOME
FISH DICTIONARY (GLOSSARY)
This document is a glossary of fisheries terms published by NOAA Fisheries. It contains definitions of over 60 common fisheries-related terms starting with A, such as abundance, anadromous, aquaculture, assessment and associated species. The glossary provides concise explanations of technical terms to facilitate communication about fisheries science and management. It is intended to help the general public and professionals in other fields understand the language used by NOAA Fisheries in their work.
Cage Culture 3
This document provides information on cage culture, including its history, benefits, risks, principles, and an example of pangasius cage culture in Vietnam. Cage culture started in the 1950s and has since spread worldwide. It provides benefits like high stocking densities and yields but also risks like disease outbreaks and environmental pollution. Principles of cage culture involve proper site selection, cage design and structure, species selection, and water quality management. Pangasius cage culture is then described in detail covering its site selection, cage design, stocking, feeding, husbandry, disease management, harvesting, and profits.
Kebijakan pengadaan dan peredaran pakan ikan dan udang
This document discusses strategies to increase fish production in Indonesia through aquaculture intensification and extensification, which requires a stable supply of fish feed. It notes that Indonesia currently imports 50-80% of fish feed ingredients and proposes utilizing more local ingredients like palm kernel meal, rice bran, copra meal, and food waste to reduce reliance on imports. It also presents models for small-scale fishmeal production from local fish processing by-products and use of fermentation and silage technologies to preserve the nutritional value of the ingredients. Overall the document emphasizes developing sustainable local supply chains for aquaculture feed production.
Indian Deep Sea Fishing Vessels in Indian EEZ__RAJESH CHUDASAMA.pptx
The document discusses India's deep sea fishing vessels operating in the country's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It provides background on deep sea fishing vessels and the EEZ. It then lists the number of deep sea fishing vessels registered in different Indian states. The document outlines prospects and guidelines for deep sea fishing in the EEZ. It discusses the role of relevant Indian institutions like the Fishery Survey of India and the Marine Products Export Development Authority in developing deep sea fishing. Finally, it covers issues, challenges and provides a conclusion on sustainably exploiting fishery resources in the EEZ.
Present status, Constraints, future prospects and different Aquaculture pract...
Present status, Constraints, future prospects and different Aquaculture pract...College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar
These topic contains global scenario of aquaculture, demand consumption scenario and present status of aquaculture in India. These presentation also contain constraints, future prospects and challenges in aquaculture. Different aquaculture practices throughout the world. Vivek kumar final credit seminar
Carangids fishery in India provides an overview of the carangids fishery in Indian waters. The following key points are mentioned:
- Carangids contribute around 5.8% of India's annual marine fish landings and occupy the 3rd and 4th rank in pelagic and total marine landings respectively.
- Around 60 species belonging to 20 genera are found along the Indian coast. The fishery is supported by species like Megalaspis cordyla, Decapterus russelli, Alepes djedaba, etc.
- Production has increased from around 18,000 tonnes in 1950-1960 to over 200,000 tonnes currently. States like Gujarat
Fisheries and Aquaculture Profile of Bangladesh
Bangladesh has an extensive fisheries and aquaculture industry due to its large network of rivers and wetlands. The fisheries sector contributes 3.69% to GDP and employs around 450,000 people in catching hilsa, the national fish. Major fish species include carp, shrimp, and marine fish. Fish are consumed domestically or exported. The Department of Fisheries regulates the industry and promotes conservation and community-based management. While aquaculture and coastal farming have increased production, they also face issues like habitat destruction, disease, and pollution.
Availability of fish species in fish markets and fish marketing in Noakhali d...
The present study was conducted to know the fish markets and marketing practices in Noakhali district for a period of 5 months; November 2014 to March, 2015. Five types of marketing channels were found in this study and most were similar in nature as marketing places were in same town and not far apart. The average cost by a retailer to trade fish was estimated at Tk. 171.6 /day. This cost included rent of trading spot, ice and local transportation. The average income of retailers in three markets was estimated at Tk. 640/day/retailer. It was found that 21% of fish supplied in the markets were carps (Indian and Exotic), 17.3% marine fish, 15.7% hilsa, 12.7% catfish, 11.3% small fish, 11% Tilapia and pungus, 7% others mix species and 4% prawn. It was reported that availability fish species in three different markets round the year ranged from 55 to 72. However, during the study period, a total of 39 fish species under 24 families were found in three markets. It was found that marine fish comprises average 33% and freshwater fish comprises average 67% in the three markets. The price of fish depends on market structure, species quality, size, weight and season. The price of galda and bagda were varied from 580±10 to 560±8 Tk. /kg, and 370±10 to 350±5 Tk. /kg respectively. The price of catla, tilapia, ilish, Thai pangus and silver carp were varied from 390±10 to 360±8 Tk. /kg, 165±5 to 150±8 Tk. /kg, 900±10 to 860±5 Tk. /kg, 140±10 to 125±5 Tk. /kg, and 160±8 to 155±5 Tk./kg, respectively. In Noakhali, around 50-180 retailers were involved in each market. It was found that the daily supply of fish in Municipal market, Datter hat and Sonapur was about 12-13, 7-8 and 2.5-3ton, respectively. Inadequate infrastructure, transportation, shortage of ice in peak season, hygienic condition and packaging facilities were cited as main constraints. It was found that 80% of the fish retailers have improved their livelihood status through fish trading to a certain degree.
Fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh: an overview of the present s...
Fisheries sector in Bangladesh represents as one of the most productive and dynamic sectors in the country. This sector plays a significant role in food security, employment, and foreign exchange earnings in the economy. At present agricultural transformation is taking place in Bangladesh. With the changes of farming system, farmers have started to shift their crop land to aquaculture as they considered it more profitable compared to rice production. The production of inland fisheries represents an increasing trend since 1989-90 with a growth rate of around 5-7%. Similarly, marine fisheries have also shown an increasing trend while a fluctuated growth rate has emerged in this sub sector. The fisheries sector in the 21st century is facing the challenges of food security for the increasing population, habitat degradation, urbanization, and industrial development. Development of responsible fisheries management and optimal use of water bodies can address those challenges. Since fishery is a productive growth sector in Bangladesh, it has high potential to contribute in the socioeconomic development of the country.
Catchability
1) Catchability is a key concept in relating fishing mortality to fishing effort and catch rates to fish biomass. It represents the proportion of the fish stock caught by each unit of fishing effort.
2) Catchability can change over time due to factors like changes in fishing methods/technology, fisher experience, and fish behavior/distribution. If catchability changes, the assumption that catch rates vary proportionally with biomass is violated.
3) Accounting for changes in catchability is important for accurately estimating fish biomass from catch rate data using stock assessment models. Failing to consider changing catchability could lead to biased biomass estimates.
ORNAMENTAL FISHERIES A TO Z INFORMATION.
This document provides information about ornamental fish culture and the ornamental fish industry. It discusses how ornamental fish keeping began as a hobby and has grown into a large international business. Key points include:
- Ornamental fish production is an important part of the aquaculture industry and global ornamental fish trade is estimated at over $14 billion.
- Over 1,800 species of ornamental fish are in the market, with over 1,000 from freshwater origins. Major suppliers include Singapore, Thailand, and Hong Kong.
- India's ornamental fish industry is small at 1% of global trade but is growing at 14% annually. Tamilnadu, Kerala and West Bengal are major producers.
Aquaculture: global status and trends
This document summarizes global aquaculture trends. Key points include:
1) Aquaculture contributes over 40% of aquatic food and is dominated by Asia, led by China. Production has grown at around 6% annually but is slowing.
2) Species are diverse but a few dominate, including carp, tilapia, shrimp and salmon. Freshwater ponds and tanks produce over half of supply.
3) Future growth will require expansion into new environments, further intensification and efficiency gains to ensure sustainability and competitiveness. Dependence on external feeds and resources is a major issue going forward.
Fishing gear In Bangladesh
Fishing Gear any form of equipment, implement, tool or mechanical device used to catch, collect or harvest fish. Fishermen in many parts of Bangladesh catch fish with their hands. In rural areas, in seasonal waters or beels, during winter, people can be usually seen fishing with different traditional gears while some even do so without any gear
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Role of Coastal & Marine aquaculture in the Blue Economic development of Bang...
Role of Coastal & Marine aquaculture in the Blue Economic development of Bang...
Kebijakan pengadaan dan peredaran pakan ikan dan udang
Kebijakan pengadaan dan peredaran pakan ikan dan udang
Indian Deep Sea Fishing Vessels in Indian EEZ__RAJESH CHUDASAMA.pptx
Indian Deep Sea Fishing Vessels in Indian EEZ__RAJESH CHUDASAMA.pptx
Present status, Constraints, future prospects and different Aquaculture pract...
Present status, Constraints, future prospects and different Aquaculture pract...
Availability of fish species in fish markets and fish marketing in Noakhali d...
Availability of fish species in fish markets and fish marketing in Noakhali d...
Fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh: an overview of the present s...
Fisheries and aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh: an overview of the present s...
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Preparation of enterprise budget for carp culture
The document presents the budget for a 1 hectare fish farming operation over 12 months with 10,000 fingerlings stocked, including capital costs of Rs. 330,000, operating costs of Rs. 326,300, and fixed costs of Rs. 388,430, resulting in total costs of Rs. 714,730 and an expected revenue of Rs. 720,000 from a harvest of 9,000 kg of fish sold at Rs. 80 per kg, yielding a net profit of Rs. 5,270.
case study of agricultural project
1. Composite fish culture involves culturing multiple compatible fish species together in freshwater ponds or tanks. Common species include Indian major carps and exotic carps.
2. Proper pond management is required, including liming, fertilizing, and stocking fingerlings. Supplementary feeding is also provided.
3. Financial analysis of culturing fish in a 1 hectare pond over 5 years shows a net present worth of Rs. 435,382.50 and a benefit-cost ratio of 2.2, indicating the project would be financially viable.
In plant training in fisheries
It is useful for all the fisheries students to do work in in-plant as well as more effective and present their work in easy way during presentation.
Economics of GIFT Tilapia Farming
This document summarizes the economics of gift tilapia farming on 1 acre of land over 8 months. It details the stocking rate, survival rate, feed conversion ratio, and average harvest weight. Total capital costs are Rs. 2,10,000 and total variable costs are Rs. 5,76,000. Revenue from selling the 9,000 kg harvest at Rs. 120/kg is Rs. 10,80,000. The net profit for the first crop is Rs. 2,15,400 after accounting for costs and interest. Subsequent crops would generate higher net profits since there is no capital cost. A cash flow analysis shows net profits increasing over 10 years as multiple crops can be harvested each year.
Paddy cum fish
1) The document outlines the economics of integrated paddy and fish farming over a period of 6 months on 1 hectare of land.
2) It estimates the total costs of the venture at Rs. 2,77,288 which includes costs for capital investment, variable inputs, depreciation, interest, and labor.
3) The total expected revenue from the sale of 4 tons of paddy at Rs. 16/kg and 5,200 kg of fish at Rs. 60/kg is Rs. 3,76,000, yielding an estimated profit of Rs. 98,712.
In plant presentation 2018 ved and jham final
This presentation included all the training during in-plant training programm of B.F.Sc.4th year 2nd sem and also RAWE programm, ornamental lab activity, cage culture attachment.
Economics of Commercially important fishes Aquaculture.pptx
The document discusses the economics of various aquaculture practices in India. It provides cost breakdowns for shrimp farming, freshwater prawn farming, mud crab farming, tilapia farming, cobia farming in sea cages, and carp farming in cages. It also analyzes the economics of different culture systems - biofloc systems yielded higher growth, harvest weight, net profit, benefit-cost ratio, and return on investment compared to traditional silpaulin tank culture for tilapia farming. Stocking density, feed rates, growth performance, and profitability varied between study sites for Pangasius farming in recirculating aquaculture systems. Biofloc and other intensive systems show potential to improve livelihood
Pen Farming in A Small River: Its Impact on Fish Production and Economic Cond...
Pen Farming in A Small River: Its Impact on Fish Production and Economic Cond...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract— Present study was conducted in the river Chota Bhagirathi in Malda district of West Bengal to assess the productivity of fish-pens and its impact on economic condition of the pen farmers. Fifteen pen farmers were selected for the study and their age ranged from 25-40 yrs. Among them 53.33% were 31-35 yrs old and 33.33% were within 36-40 yrs. Individual pen farming area varied from 3.0 ha to > 6.0 ha in the river Chota Bhagirathi. According to the size, pens were categorized into three groups: small pen (3.0-4.5 ha), medium pen (4.6-6.0 ha) and big pen (> 6.0 ha). Small pen farmers contributed 40.00%, medium pens 33.33% and big pens 26.67% of the total pen farming area in the river. The lease amount of pens varied according to pen area. Maximum fish production achieved from P1 (3281 kg/ha/year), P7 (3333 kg/ha/year), P8 (3444 kg/ha/year), P9 (3225 kg/ha/year) and P10 (3279 kg/ha/year) compared with other pens. P1 (Rs. 1,14,474 ha/year) earned highest profit and P8 (Rs. 1,06,771 ha/year) was second highest among 15 pens. Among the selected pen farmers, 73.33% were from non-fisherman community and only 26.67% from original fisherman folk.Final report durin In-Plant at different area (Kerala, College of Fisheries, ...
The document provides an overview of fisheries in India, the world, and Chhattisgarh. It discusses that India has experienced significant growth in fish production over the past 60 years. It also notes that Chhattisgarh has vast water resources and relies on fisheries for income and employment. The document describes activities at a cage culture unit in Sarodha Reservoir, including monitoring cages, cleaning, and fish feeding. It outlines an in-plant training program on post-harvest technology that involved processing tuna fish, making fish wafers, and fish canning.
Sewage fed fish culture
This document discusses sewage-fed fish culture as a new approach to pond fishing that has several advantages. Treated sewage water is rich in nutrients and can be used for aquaculture at low cost, requiring no fertilizer or supplemental feeding. The sewage undergoes sedimentation, dilution with fresh water, and storage with duckweeds to remove contaminants before use in fish ponds. Higher stocking densities and regular harvesting provide high production and profits. Sewage-fed fish culture improves water quality while generating additional income for farmers.
Pp Report (Aquaculture)
- Myanmar has an extensive network of rivers and coastal areas that provide significant potential for freshwater and marine aquaculture and fisheries. Major activities include farming of fish, shrimp, seaweed and mud crabs.
- Freshwater pond culture of fish species like rohu is a major source of aquaculture production. Marine fisheries are also an important part of the fisheries sector, producing over 1.6 million metric tons annually.
- The government aims to increase sustainable fish production and improve livelihoods in the fisheries sector through policies supporting aquaculture expansion, conservation, and post-harvest technologies.
Paddy cum prawn
This document provides an economic analysis of paddy-prawn farming over 120 days on 1 hectare of land with a stocking density of 30,000 prawn. It estimates the capital costs at Rs. 87,000 and variable costs at Rs. 99,650. Fixed costs are estimated at Rs. 40,998 including depreciation and interest. Total revenue from 4 tons of paddy and 720 kg of harvested prawn is estimated at Rs. 2,55,000, providing an estimated profit of Rs. 1,14,350.
STUDY ON FISH DIVERSITY IN "SHAHPURA LAKE" OF BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH
- The document summarizes a study on the fish species diversity found in Shahpura Lake, located in Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh, India.
- Six fish species from two families were found in the lake, with the exotic Tilapia mossambica flourishing well due to its prolific breeding every 3-4 months.
- Over three months of study, the abundance of each species was recorded, with Tilapia found to be the dominant species at 31-34% of the population, while Catla was found in lesser numbers compared to the other species.
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in Bangladesh
This study was conducted to assess profitability of fish production in paddy fields in the village of Kunia and Chandora, under Gacha union in Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district. Primary data were collected from 15 fish farmers for the study during the period from June to November, 2016. Production performance of three stocking package were compared. CFP-1 package contained Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Tilapia (6175/ha); CFP-2 comprised of Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha); while CFP-3 was represented by Thai sarpunti (24700/ha) + (Tilapia (6175/ha) + Common carp (6175/ha). Both tabular and functional analyses were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Fish productions in paddy fields are profitable business. The total cost of fish production under three selected stocking plans such as CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3 were estimated to be Tk. 73085, Tk. 83459 and Tk. 86928 per ha, respectively. The corresponding total gross return (Tk./ha) were Tk. 209777, Tk. 274170 and Tk. 262721, respectively. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was estimated to be 2.87, 3.28 and 3.02 for package-1, package-2 and package-3, respectively. Returns over per taka investment (NR/Tk.) were found to be 1.32, 1.69 and 1.42 for the above fish culture packages. Cobb-Douglas production function analysis indicated the positive contribution of fish fingerlings, fertilizer, fish feed and lime on the total income and farm productivity, while human labor and bank interest rate decreased the farm income. The values of R2 were 0.775, 0.739 and 0.812 for CFP-1, CFP-2 and CFP-3, respectively. About 77.5 percent, 73.9 percent and 81.2 percent of variation in yield and gross return of fish production in paddy fields could be explained by the multiple regression equations. Fish production in paddy fields are economically profitable, viable and environment friendly. The farmers may undertake fish culture in paddy fields if suitable paddy fields are available.
Potential of recirculating aquaculture system in ornamental fish farming
Combined information regarding ornamental fish, present condition of India, potential fish species, recirculating aquaculture system, case study
Antarctica fish mercury
exploitation of living resources in Antarctica example of competition between the exploiters to be first in obtaining the maximum profit from living resources.
Paddy cum- fish culture
This document discusses paddy-cum-fish culture as a technique for integrated fish and rice farming. It provides details on the history and development of rice-fish culture, site selection considerations, suitable fish and rice varieties, culture techniques, trench designs, advantages and disadvantages. An economic analysis compares the net return from traditional paddy cultivation versus paddy-cum-fish culture, finding that the integrated system provides over double the income. The conclusion states that rice-fish culture is an innovative system that boosts rice yields, generates additional income from fish, and helps reduce farmer poverty while creating jobs.
मत्स्य प्रसंस्करण उत्सर्जित अपशिष्ट का उपयोग कचड़े से कमाई का एक अवसर
The document discusses the opportunities for value addition from fish processing waste. It notes that globally 179 million metric tons of fish are produced annually, of which 96.4 million tons come from marine capture fisheries. In India, the total fish production capacity is estimated at 22.31 million metric tons. Fish processing generates significant waste in the form of heads, skins, bones, etc. This waste contains valuable components like protein, oil, minerals, and others. Technologies exist to extract high-value products from this waste like fish protein concentrates, fish oils, collagen, gelatin, chitosan, and others which find applications in food, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and other industries. Proper utilization of fish waste
Coldwater fish nutrition with special reference to kashmir
This document discusses trout fisheries and aquaculture in Kashmir. It provides information on the types of water bodies where trout are found, the species of trout present, key trout production areas, facilities and infrastructure for trout farming, history and development of trout fisheries, feeding and diet, farming practices, and the nutritional value of farmed rainbow trout. Trout fisheries are an important economic activity in Kashmir, producing over 20,000 tons of fish annually.
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STUDY ON FISH DIVERSITY IN "SHAHPURA LAKE" OF BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH
STUDY ON FISH DIVERSITY IN "SHAHPURA LAKE" OF BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in Bangladesh
Economics of fish production in paddy fields in Bangladesh
Potential of recirculating aquaculture system in ornamental fish farming
Potential of recirculating aquaculture system in ornamental fish farming
मत्स्य प्रसंस्करण उत्सर्जित अपशिष्ट का उपयोग कचड़े से कमाई का एक अवसर
मत्स्य प्रसंस्करण उत्सर्जित अपशिष्ट का उपयोग कचड़े से कमाई का एक अवसर
Coldwater fish nutrition with special reference to kashmir
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ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION OF DRUGS AND METHOD OF APPLICATION TO FISH
direct route of drug administration. Parenteral methods like manual injection and automatic injectors can be used for small numbers of valuable fish. Drugs are typically injected intramuscularly into the epaxial musculature, intraperitoneally just below the vent, or into the dorso-median sinus of salmonids. Parenteral administration requires anesthetizing the fish first to prevent injury. It is suitable for vaccination or treatment of limited numbers of valuable fish when other administration routes cannot be used.
Classification of poisons and types of poisoning.pptx
There are several ways to classify poisons:
1. Based on their source - natural (plants, animals), synthetic chemicals, microbial
2. Based on their intended use - pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, etc.
3. Based on their toxicity - extremely toxic (<1mg/kg), highly toxic (1-50 mg/kg), moderately toxic (50-500 mg/kg)
Poison toxicity can be affected by biotic factors like the taxonomic group, age, and size of the exposed organism as well as abiotic factors like temperature, pH, alkalinity, and salinity which influence absorption and metabolism of the toxic substance.
Antigen and Antibody in fish immunology
Antigens can be proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, or lipids that elicit an immune response. Antigens are recognized by B cell receptors or T cell receptors when complexed with MHC. Antigenicity refers to the ability of an antigen to bind antibodies, while immunogenicity is the ability to induce an immune response. Antibodies are Y-shaped glycoprotein molecules composed of light and heavy chains that bind to antigens with high specificity and affinity. There are five classes of antibodies (IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, IgE) that have different structures and functions in the immune response.
Stress and immune response in fish
Stress can negatively impact the immune system of fish. Stress is caused by stressors like poor water quality, overcrowding, temperature changes, and handling. When fish experience stress, their bodies release hormones like epinephrine and cortisol. Epinephrine prepares the fish to fight or flee, increasing heart rate and blood flow. Cortisol also prepares the fish to cope but can suppress the immune system over time. Stress damages the protective mucus and scales of fish, making them more vulnerable to pathogens and disease outbreaks. Managing water quality, nutrition, stocking density, and handling can help prevent stress in aquaculture.
Acanthocephalan parasitic disease in fishes
Acanthocephala are a diverse group of endoparasitic worms that infect the intestines of fish and other aquatic animals. They have a complex life cycle requiring an arthropod intermediate host and a vertebrate definitive host. In the intermediate host, eggs hatch into acanthors which develop into cystacanths. When the intermediate host is eaten by the definitive host, usually a fish, the cystacanths mature into adult worms in the intestine. Adult worms attach to the intestine using a spined proboscis, which can cause damage and inflammation. Their life cycles enhance transmission between hosts. Acanthocephalans have morphological features adapted for their parasitic lifestyle and infection can cause clinical signs in hosts.
Disease surveillance and reporting in Aquaculture
This document discusses disease surveillance and reporting in aquatic animal health management. It outlines the roles and responsibilities at different levels, including the farmer, clinical practitioner, laboratory, district, and state levels. When disease problems arise, a quick and effective response is needed from all levels. The document provides guidance on the appropriate response and actions to take based on the level of daily mortality, including examining water quality, observing fish behavior, and reporting to higher levels as mortality increases. It also describes passive and active surveillance procedures at each level.
OIE listed diseases in fishes
The document discusses pathogens listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). It summarizes OIE pathogens affecting various aquatic animals including fish, crustaceans, and molluscs. The OIE is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1924 with 167 member countries headquartered in Paris. It lists viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi that cause diseases in economically important aquatic species.
Nucleic acid disease diagnosis of fish
Nucleic acid based disease diagnosis is a highly specific, sensitive, and rapid method used in fish and shellfish health management. It detects diseases based on the structure and sequence of nucleic acid bases. The two main nucleic acid based diagnosis methods are DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR amplifies a specific DNA sequence using thermal cycling, allowing pathogens to be detected. It has become a common technique used to diagnose diseases in aquaculture.
Retort pouch
Retort pouches are a type of flexible packaging that can be heat sterilized and sealed for shelf-stable food products. While retort pouches require less physical strength and have a higher production cost than other packaging methods, they allow for a slower process line speed. Overall, retort pouches have disadvantages of requiring more physical effort and resulting in greater packaging and production costs compared to alternative options.
Algal bloom
This document provides an overview of algal blooms, also known as harmful algal blooms (HABs). It defines an algal bloom as a rapid increase in algae population in aquatic systems. HABs can be toxic and negatively impact aquatic organisms. The document notes that HABs have increased 15% in Indian seas over 12 years, with 80 recorded between 1998-2010. Factors contributing to HABs include excess nutrients from fertilizer and changes in climate and ecosystems. The document also lists examples of HAB species, their harmful effects, and control methods.
Different anashetics
This document discusses the use of anesthetics in fish breeding and transport. It notes that fish can be stressed by handling and transport, so anesthetics are used to prevent injury and reduce metabolism. Commonly used anesthetics include MS-222, quinidine, 2-phenoxyethanol, and clove oil. Anesthetics induce sedation, partial loss of movement, or full anesthesia in fish. They are beneficial as they reduce stress on fish and allow for safer breeding, transport, and sampling. The document provides dosages for various anesthetics and details their effects on fish.
ELECTRONIC FISH FINDING EQUIPMENTS
The echo sounder is an instrument used to detect fish and map the seafloor. It consists of a transmitter that sends pulses, a transducer that converts the pulses to sound waves and receives the echo signals, a receiver that amplifies the echo signals, and a recorder that displays the echoes. The echo sounder is used to determine depth, map the seafloor contours and bottom composition, locate wrecks, and find fish schools. Sonar operates similarly but uses lower frequencies for longer range detection from ships and boats. Different types of sonar exist for short, medium, and long detection ranges.
Rasbora
This document identifies and describes 7 species of rasbora fish:
1. Pygmy rasbora which is the smallest and prefers dense foliage and dim lighting.
2. Red tailed rasbora which has a dark line along its anal fin and males have red tails.
3. Hariquin rasbora which has an unusual reddish copper body and red dorsal fin with yellow tip.
4. Slender rasbora which is very common in India and Sri Lanka pools and streams and is active and hardy.
Gourami 1
This document discusses the breeding and larval rearing of Trichogaster lalius (Dwarf gourami). It describes the systematic classification of T. lalius and provides information on its sexual dimorphism. The breeding process involves pairing a mature male and female in an aquarium, where the male builds a bubble nest and cares for the fertilized eggs. Embryonic development takes 24-30 hours until hatching. Newly hatched larvae remain in the nest for 3 days before becoming free-swimming. Larval rearing methods include infusoria culture, Artemia nauplii, and Tubifex worms as they grow.
Oil Sardine Fishery of India
This document discusses the Indian oil sardine fishery. It provides details on the distribution, peculiar characteristics, feeding habits, habitat, reproduction, fecundity, spawning season, age and growth, size of capture, mode of harvest, utilization, maximum sustainable yield, IUCN status, current stock status, management measures, and production trends of the Indian oil sardine. Key points include that it is distributed along India's western coast from Gujarat to Kerala, feeds mostly on plankton, reaches sexual maturity at 1 year old and 150mm in length, and production peaked at over 720,000 tonnes in 2012. Mesh size regulation is used for management.
Lesser Sardine Fishery of India
Lesser sardines belong to two families: Clupeidae and Dussumieridae. There are several species of lesser sardines found along India's east and west coasts that are important fishery resources. Lesser sardines are pelagic fish that feed on plankton and travel in schools. They spawn annually and mature within their first year, reaching sexual maturity at 10-15cm in size. India's lesser sardine fishery produces over 250,000 tonnes annually using various fishing gears and craft, though production fluctuated between 69,000-256,000 tonnes from 1995-2015.
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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- 2. ASSUMPTIONS PARTICALARS QUALITY Total area 3Ha Water spread area 1ha Stocking density 20,000/ha Culture period 6-7month Survival rate 80% Market rate of fish 250gm Avg.wt.of harvesting 4000kg FCR 1:1.5
- 3. PARTICULARS QUANTITY TOTAL (Rs.) A.CAPITAL COST 1.POND EXCAVATION 1 2,00,000 2.PUMP SET (5HP) 1 25,000 3.OUTLET & INLET 1 5,000 4.NET 1 10,000 5.WARE HOUSE 1 60,000 TOTAL 3,00,000/- BALANCED SHEET
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- 6. Fixed cost =30000+47945+30000 =107945/- Total Expenditure = fixed cost + variable cost = 107945+479450 = 587395/- Total income = 250/kg×4000. = 10,00,000/- Net profit =Total income – Total Expenditure. = 10,00,000 – 587395. = 412605/- Benefit cost ratio = total income / total expenditure = 1000000/587395 = 1.70
- 7. Thank you