East Meets West - Japan & Commodore Perry
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The Tokugawa Shogunate began to distrust foreign powers in the 1600s after fighting Christian lords, expelled missionaries but allowed Dutch trade. By the early 1800s, declining agriculture, taxes, and famines weakened the Shogunate as new intellectual movements emerged. The United States sought new markets in East Asia in the 1800s and sent Commodore Perry to open trade with Japan in 1853-1854. Perry's displays of naval power and Fillmore's letter demanding trade and provisions convinced the Shogun to sign the Convention of Kanagawa opening ports to the U.S. Political, economic, and social changes contributed to the Shogunate's fall and the restoration of imperial rule under the Meiji government
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2) The Little Ice Age was a period of cooling between 1550-1850 AD in which glaciers advanced and temperatures dropped in Europe and North America, resulting in famine and hardship.
3) The 1803 Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States as it acquired French territory west of the Mississippi River for $15 million.
2017JapansResponsetoWesternImperialismandMilitarism.ppt
The document provides information about Japan's response to Western imperialism in the late 19th century and transformation into an imperial power itself. It discusses how Japan initially resisted Western influence but later rapidly modernized and reformed by adopting Western technologies and practices. This allowed Japan to defeat China and Russia militarily, and it annexed Korea to become an imperial power seeking to rival European colonial empires in Asia.
25. imperialism in southeast asia and the pacific
Western powers colonized most of Southeast Asia and the Pacific islands by the late 1800s. The Dutch took control of Indonesia, the British expanded into Burma and Malaysia, and the French seized areas that became French Indochina. Spain originally held the Philippines but lost it to the United States after the Spanish-American War in 1898. Many colonized peoples resisted European rule but were unable to overcome the industrialized military powers. The colonizers restructured local economies and societies to their benefit, weakening traditional cultures, imposing arbitrary borders, and causing dependence on imported goods.
Japan Ppt
Japan is an archipelago located in East Asia. It has over 127 million people living on islands that are mountainous with little arable land. Japan has experienced significant cultural influence from China, adopting Chinese writing and Confucian ideals. For over 200 years starting in the 1600s, Japan had a feudal system and isolated itself from other nations. In the 1800s, the US forced Japan to open trade, starting a period of modernization and westernization that transformed Japan into an industrial and military power. During WWII, Japan invaded other Asian countries but was ultimately defeated by the US's atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Today Japan has a strong economy and culture that blends traditional and modern
2312 08 Ground American Imperialism
The document provides an overview of American imperialism from the late 19th century through the early 20th century. It discusses the Spanish-American War and the US acquisition of territories like Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. It also covers the US expansion in places like Hawaii, Samoa, Alaska, and involvement in China. The document outlines the justifications for imperialism from figures like Mahan, Lodge, and Fiske. It discusses the Philippine-American War and anti-imperialist sentiment. Finally, it mentions the Panama Canal and Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine regarding US intervention in the Caribbean and Latin America.
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1) In the early 1800s, China resisted Western influence and trade, but internal problems like famine and opium addiction grew. The Opium Wars weakened China's control.
2) Japan ended its isolation in the 1850s and began modernizing under Emperor Meiji. It industrialized, built railroads, and developed new industries.
3) By defeating China in 1895 and Russia in 1905, Japan gained control over Taiwan, Manchuria, and Korea and became an imperial power in East Asia.
25. 1 japan modernizes
Japan modernized after Matthew Perry demanded it open trade. This led to unrest and the Meiji Restoration, which established a modern government and industrialized economy. Japan then used its new military and economic strength to defeat China and Russia, gaining control over Korea and territory in Manchuria.
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Day4 post civilwar
The document summarizes the political and economic impacts of the Civil War on the South, North, and West between 1865 and 1900. It notes that the South suffered economically as infrastructure was destroyed, but the North and West experienced industrial and economic booms through railroad expansion, steel production, and mining/farming in the West. Reconstruction efforts differed between regions regarding race relations and political divisions remained over slavery.
28-2 Powerpoint
Japan began modernizing in the late 1800s after Commodore Perry forced them to open trade with the US. This led the Shogunate to be overthrown and Emperor Mutsuhito to come to power, starting the Meiji Restoration. The new government adopted Western political systems like a constitution but combined them with Japanese traditions like emperor worship. Japan then began rapidly industrializing and building a strong military. This allowed them to defeat China and Russia in wars, gaining territory and signaling Japan had become a major imperial power in Asia.
Imperial Japan
1) After Commodore Perry forcibly opened up Japan to Western trade in 1853, Japan began modernizing through selectively adopting Western technology and institutions while maintaining Japanese culture and traditions.
2) Japan defeated China in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, gaining control of Taiwan and influence in Korea.
3) Japan continued its military expansion and defeated Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, becoming the first Asian power to defeat a European power in modern times.
Imperial Japan
1) After Commodore Perry forcibly opened up Japan to Western trade in 1853, Japan began modernizing through "selective borrowing" from Western nations like Germany and adopting Western technology while maintaining Japanese culture and values.
2) Japan emerged as an imperialist power, defeating China in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 and Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905.
3) By the early 20th century, Japan had established itself as a regional power that went on to annex Korea and expand its influence in China.
28-2 Powerpoint
Japan began modernizing in the late 1800s after Commodore Perry forced them to open trade with the US. This led the Shogunate to be overthrown and Emperor Mutsuhito to come to power, starting the Meiji Restoration. The Meiji government adopted Western political systems like a constitution and technology like a modern army and navy. Japan then grew increasingly imperialistic, defeating China in 1895 and Russia in 1905 to take territory. It annexed Korea in 1910, ruling it harshly as it occupied and modernized the country.
2312 Online American Imperialism
This document provides an overview of American imperialism from the late 19th century through the early 20th century. It discusses the Spanish-American War and the US acquisition of territories like Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. It also covers US expansion in the Pacific like Alaska, Hawaii, and Samoa. Additionally, it summarizes the US role in China during the Boxer Rebellion and the construction of the Panama Canal. The document aims to contextualize the rise of American imperialism during this time period through military conflicts, economic interests, and the application of social Darwinism to justify the dominance of Anglo-Saxon peoples over other races.
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East Meets West - Japan & Commodore Perry
- 2. Tokugawa Foreign Policy • Tokugawa fought a number of wars against western Christian Lords in 1600s - grew to distrust foreign missionaries • Expelled missionaries but allowed Dutch merchants a concession at Nagasaki • 200 year period of isolation
- 5. Decline of Tokugawa Shogunate – early 1800s Declining agricultural productivity Harsh taxes on peasants – rebellions Periodic crop failures, famine, inflation and starvation Samurai and Daiymo in debt to merchants Rise of commerce & city life – undermined social hierarchy Intellectual changes: Shinto and the Emperor Rangaku Failure of reforms- Tempo Fascination vs fear of Westerners
- 6. Situation in USA • USA won 1847 war with Mexico expanded to Pacific • New industrial power seeking markets • Economic interests • Trade with China • Whaling • British and French monopolies on coal stations • Shipwrecked sailors would be jailed or executed • Spread Christianity and benefits of Western civilization to backward peoples
- 9. Perry’s mission • Matthew Perry was a successful officer in the War of 1812 and Mexican-American war and ‘father of the steam navy’ • Sent on presidential mission to Japan • Arrived at Edo in 1853 – refused to leave - fired blank shot • Shogun was ill and was indecisive – Pres. Filmore’s letter was accepted • Poll is taken of the Daiymo’s views • Returned in 1854 - Convention of Kanagawa signed – all demands agreed to
- 10. Extract from the letter of President Fillmore delivered by Commodore Perry to the Emperor of Japan in 1853. “We know that the ancient laws of your imperial majesty’s government do not allow of foreign trade… but as the state of the world changes it seems to be wise, from time to time, to make new laws. …[The American people] think that if your imperial majesty were so far to change the ancient laws as to allow free trade between the two countries, it would be extremely beneficial to both. It sometimes happens, in stormy weather, that one of our ships is wrecked on your imperial majesty’s shores. In all such cases we ask, and expect, that our unfortunate people should be treated with kindness… until we can send a vessel and bring them away. … we understand that there is an abundance of coal and other provisions in the Empire of Japan. Our steamships, in crossing the great ocean, burn a great deal of coal, and it is not convenient to bring it all the way from American. We wish that our steamships and other vessels should be allowed to stop in Japan and supply themselves with coal, provisions, and water. ”
- 11. 1853 Poll of Daiymo in favor of accepting the American demands opposed to the American demands vague response expressing concern of possible war advise making temporary concessions
- 21. Why did the Tokugawa Shogunate fall? Perry forces opening of Japan Bakufu showed weakness in handling Effects of opening ports Political, social economic changes Lessons learnt from the West Failure of expulsion policy – awakening of western clans Failure of bakufu to lead Sonno-joi movement developed into anti- baku-fu movement Failure of kobu- gattai, rise of imperial court influence Lacked able leaders – assasinations Uprising of Western Clans: Satsuma, Choshu etc. Anti-bakufu alliance –Victorious in Boshin War
- 22. How did Meiji change Japan? Political & social reforms modelled on West but keeping Japanese values New Constitution: Emperor is head of state, advised by Council and elected Diet Replaced feudal system with modern prefectures Abolished class distinctions Promoted Shinto as unifying state religion Mandatory public education Industrial and military reforms drawing on Western experts Draftees replace Samurai Adopts latest military technologies Railways, mining, modern agriculture Government departments coordinate and funds industry
- 23. Why was Japan able to industrialise so quickly? Stable government High levels of education Entrepreneurs came from all classes Removal of tariffs and duties encouraged trade Rise of Zaibatsu No colonial exploitation Access to best experts Repression of unions