This presentation talk about the Mayan Civilization.
The Mayan civilization was developed in the region of Mesoamerica, including the southwest of Mexico, Guatemala and Belize, and the west of El Salvador and Honduras.
The Maya people used a written language and a numeral system. They were good at art, building, and math. Their priests studied stars and planets, which helped them make calendars. The Maya civilization was biggest between the years of 420 AD and 900 AD.
This presentation talk about the Mayan Civilization.
The Mayan civilization was developed in the region of Mesoamerica, including the southwest of Mexico, Guatemala and Belize, and the west of El Salvador and Honduras.
The Maya people used a written language and a numeral system. They were good at art, building, and math. Their priests studied stars and planets, which helped them make calendars. The Maya civilization was biggest between the years of 420 AD and 900 AD.
Chapter 1 The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492 MaximaSheffield592
Chapter 1 | The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492
CHAPTER 1
The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492
Chapter Outline
1.1 The Americas
1.2 Europe on the Brink of Change
1.3 West Africa and the Role of Slavery
Introduction
Globalization, the ever-increasing interconnectedness of the world, is not a new phenomenon,
but it accelerated when western Europeans discovered the riches of the East. During the
Crusades (1095–1291), Europeans developed an appetite for spices, silk, porcelain, sugar, and
other luxury items from the East, for which they traded fur, timber, and Slavic people they
captured and sold (hence the word slave). But when the Silk Road, the long overland trading
route from China to the Mediterranean, became costlier and more dangerous to travel, Europeans
searched for a more efficient and inexpensive trade route over water, initiating the development
of what we now call the Atlantic World.
In pursuit of commerce in Asia, fifteenth-century traders unexpectedly encountered a “New
World” populated by millions and home to sophisticated and numerous peoples. Mistakenly
believing they had reached the East Indies, these early explorers called its inhabitants Indians.
West Africa, a diverse and culturally rich area, soon entered the stage as other nations exploited
its slave trade and brought its peoples to the New World in chains. Although Europeans would
come to dominate the New World, they could not have done so without Africans and native
peoples.
1.1 The Americas
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
● Locate on a map the major American civilizations before the arrival of the Spanish
● Discuss the cultural achievements of these civilizations
● Discuss the differences and similarities between lifestyles, religious practices, and
customs among the native peoples
Chapter 1 | The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492
Between nine and fifteen thousand years ago, some scholars believe that a land bridge existed
between Asia and North America that we now call Beringia . The first inhabitants of what would
be named the Americas migrated across this bridge in search of food. When the glaciers melted,
water engulfed Beringia, and the Bering Strait was formed. Later settlers came by boat across the
narrow strait. (The fact that Asians and American Indians share genetic markers on a Y
chromosome lends credibility to this migration theory.) Continually moving southward, the
settlers eventually populated both North and South America, creating unique cultures that ranged
from the highly complex and urban Aztec civilization in what is now Mexico City to the
woodland tribes of eastern North America. Recent research along the west coast of South
America suggests that migrant populations may have traveled down this coast by water as well
as by land.
Researchers believe that about ten thousand years ago, humans also began the domestication of
plants and animals, a ...
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. The Civilizations of America
While classical civilizations
were developing in the
Mediterranean & Asia…
…advanced societies
were developing in
isolation in the Americas
4. Title
Text
During the Ice Age,
prehistoric nomads migrated
across the land bridge
between Asia & America
During the Neolithic
Revolution, these
nomads settled into
farming villages; Some
of which became
advanced civilizations
5. The Olmecs
The first American civilization
were people known as the Olmec
in an area known as Mesoamerica
The Olmecs are often
called the “mother
culture” because they
influenced other
Mesoamerican societies
6. The Olmecs
The Olmecs developed a strong
trade network in Mesoamerica
that brought them great wealth
The Olmecs used their
wealth to build large stone
monuments & pyramids to
honor their leaders & gods
Olmec trade
allowed them to
spread their culture
to other
Mesoamericans
For unknown reasons, the
Olmec civilization
declined by 400 B.C. but
their cities & symbols
influenced later cultures,
especially the Mayans
7.
8. Mayan Empire
The Maya lived in present-day
southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize,
El Salvador, & Honduras
One of the most
advanced civilizations
in the world before the
arrival of Europeans;
Reached its highest
development from
about 300 to 900 A.D.
9. Mayan Empire
Mayans were polytheists who built
large pyramids to honor gods—
smaller than Egyptian & Kush
pyramids but were much more
detailed &
decorative;
contained
arches (like
the Romans!)
10.
11. The Mayans
Religion: Mayans were polytheistic &
offered their blood, food, &
sometimes human sacrifices to
please the gods
12. Mayan Empire
Accomplishments of the Mayans:
–Developed system of mathematics
& number system
–Created accurate calendar with 365
days that could accurately predict
eclipses & finding the day of the
week many thousands of years in
the past or future
–Had exact knowledge of phases of
the moon & cycle of Venus
19. Inca Empire
The Inca built one of the largest &
wealthiest
empires in the
world
It began in the
mid-1400s & was
located on the
western coast of
South America
20. Inca Empire
Incan Empire extended more than
2,500 miles & included present-day
Colombia, Ecuador, Chile, Peru,
Bolivia, & Argentina—
huge territory covered
deserts, mountains, &
rain forests
Used terraced mountain-
sides & irrigation streams
for farming
24. Inca Empire
Accomplishments of the Inca:
–Had no writing, but created record
system called quipuquipu
(knots tied to colored
rope)
–Built suspension bridges
–Built 10,000 miles of roads
–Excellent goldsmiths
–1st
civilization to harvest potatoes
25.
26.
27.
28. Aztec Empire
The Aztec Empire began lasted from
1427 to 1521 (conquered by Spanish
conquistadors)
The capital,
Tenochtitlán,
was located on
the present-day
site of Mexico
City
29. Aztec Empire
The Aztecs were founded by the
Mexica, (came from west Mexico)
Legend predicted the Mexicans
would found a great civilization
where they saw an eagle perched
on a cactus growing out of a rock
Aztec civilization was created on
Lake Texcoco—strategic with
abundant food supplies &
waterways for transportation
30.
31. When captured by Spanish
conquistadors, Tenochtitlán was
possibly the largest city in the world
32. Aztec Empire
Farming was the basis of the
Aztec economy, but land was
not large enough to produce
enough food for the
population; Aztecs created
chinampas (floating gardens),
by putting mud on huge mats
made of woven reeds &
placed them in lake—farmed
on soil on these “farms”
33.
34. Aztec Empire
Aztec were excellent warriors who
expanded their empire by conquering
their neighbors
Aztecs were the “people of the sun”
who honored many gods,
especially sun god; used
human sacrifices to keep
the gods happy—victim’s
heart was removed &
priest ate flesh as sign
of respect
35.
36. Create a Venn Diagram,
Compare the Aztecs to the
Mongols.
How are they similar, how are
they different?
Think about geography, religion,
government, and social structure:
make sure to include each in your
diagrams.
37. ISN pg 70, Bingo Review; Create 4x4
Bingo board with any of these words
Iconoclasts, Patriarch, Hagia Sophia,
Ottoman Turks, Caliph, Hajj,
Polytheistic, Algebra, Grand Canal,
Magnetic Compass, Genghis Khan,
Steppe, Ming, Sung, Isolation, Shinto,
Daimyo, Matrilineal, Axum, Mali, Salt,
Savannah, Aztecs, Olmecs, Calendar,
Human Sacrifice, Justinian’s Code