The document discusses key ideas from the Early National period in the United States, including that government gets its authority from citizens, the need for selfless and educated citizens, and that government should guarantee individual rights and have limited power through checks and balances. It also notes debates around the proper role and power of government that emerged from the Articles of Confederation and led to the creation of the US Constitution through compromises at the Constitutional Convention.

1. Early National What do you know?

2. Govt. gets its authority from the citizens. A selfless, educated citizenry. Elections should be frequent. Govt. should guarantee individual rights & freedoms. Govt.’s power should be limited [checks & balances]. The need for a written Constitution. “E Pluribus Unum.” [“Out of many, one”] An important role for women  raise good, virtuous citizens.[“Republican Womanhood”]. Classical view of a model republic EnlightenmentThinking The“VirtuousRepublic” “City on a hill”[John Winthrop] Ideal citizen[Cincinnatus] Slide credit: Susan Pojer Horace Greeley HS

5. What should the power of government be?

6. Articles of Confederation National Government

7. Articles of Confederation Strong points First Constitution- set in motion a nat’lgov’t Pwr to the states (debatable) Gov’t closer to the ppl Weak points Could not tax No regulation of interstate trade Unanimous consent required in order to make changes

8. Adam Smith Wealth of Nations Argued that social order and progress were the natural result of individualism and self-interest

9. John Dickinson Known for his stance prior to the War of Independence and writing Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania Believed that a republic required virtuous people

10. Differences on the meaning of republicanism John Dickinson The new gov’t could only succeed if people placed the good of the nation above their personal interests Adam Smith If a gov’t allowed independent citizens to pursue their own economic and political interests the whole nation would benefit

12. Something must be done. Shays’ Rebellion Pressure from Hamilton and Madison Debt of the nation

13. Constitutional Convention Great Compromise HUSp.142 AP186 3/5ths Compromise HUSp142 AP188 3 branch gov’t& checks and balances

14. Two plans proposed James Madison: VA Plan More pwr to st w/ lg pops Bicameral (2 house) Membership based on pop. Voters elect to lower house and who would elect members to the upper William Patterson: NJ Plan Better for smaller states Single house congress (unicameral) Ea state having an equal vote

16. The Great Compromise Proposed by Roger Sherman 2 house Congress Equal representation in the Senate (each state getting 2 reps) Lower house (H. of Reps) representation based population

17. Federalists

18. Anti-Federalists