The document discusses influences on American law including the Code of Hammurabi, Ten Commandments, English Common Law, and Roman Law. It then summarizes different types of laws like common/civil law, criminal/statutory law, administrative law, and constitutional law. Finally, it lists several government agencies and their roles related to law and enforcement.
When you're using Instant Checkmate to run background checks on individuals, you may come across some specific terms in your reports that you might not be familiar with. To help you better understand exactly what you're seeing in your reports, we've compiled a list of the most frequently used and related terms in the personal criminal background check industry.
www.instantcheckmate.com/glossary
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and CybercrimeNew York Police Departmen.docxbissacr
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and Cybercrime
New York Police Department, Times Square, New York City
Criminal cases make up a large portion of cases tried in U.S. courts. Criminal cases are bought against persons for violating federal, state, and local laws. Suspected criminals are given many rights by the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions. Parties in the United States are free from unreasonable searches and seizures of evidence, and any evidence obtained illegally is considered tainted evidence and cannot be used in court. People who are suspected of a criminal act may assert their right of privilege against self-incrimination and may choose not to testify at any pretrial proceedings or at trial. Parties have a right to a public trial by a jury of their peers. In addition, if convicted of a crime, the criminal is free from cruel and unusual punishment.
Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1. List and describe the essential elements of a crime.
2. Describe criminal procedure, including arrest, indictment, arraignment, and the criminal trial.
3. Identify and define business and white-collar crimes.
4. List and describe cybercrimes.
5. Explain the constitutional safeguards provided by the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Chapter Outline
1. Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
2. Definition of a Crime
1. CONTEMPORARY ENVIRONMENT • Criminal Acts as the Basis for Tort Actions
3. Criminal Procedure
4. Common Crimes
1. ETHICS • Murder Conviction Upheld on Appeal
5. Business and White-Collar Crimes
1. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT • Corporate Criminal Liability
6. Cybercrimes
1. DIGITAL LAW • The Internet and Identity Theft
2. Case 7.1 • United States v. Barrington
7. Fourth Amendment Protection From Unreasonable Search and Seizure
1. Case 7.2 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Navarette v. California
2. Case 7.3 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Maryland v. King
3. Case 7.4 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Riley v. California and United States v. Wurie
8. Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination
1. Case 7.5 • Ragland v. Commonwealth of Kentucky
9. Other Constitutional Protections
1. GLOBAL LAW • France Does Not Impose the Death Penalty
“It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.”
—Sir William Blackstone Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765)
Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
For members of society to coexist peacefully and for commerce to flourish, people and their property must be protected from injury by other members of society. Federal, state, and local governments’ criminal laws are intended to afford this protection by providing an incentive for persons to act reasonably in society and imposing penalties on persons who violate the laws.
There can be no equal justice where the kind of trial a man gets depends on the amount of money he has.
Justice Black
Griffin v. Illinois 351 U.S. 12, 76 S.Ct. 585, 1956 U.S. Lexis 1059 (1956)
The Uni.
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice Pshpopkinkz
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
...
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice P.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
.
When you're using Instant Checkmate to run background checks on individuals, you may come across some specific terms in your reports that you might not be familiar with. To help you better understand exactly what you're seeing in your reports, we've compiled a list of the most frequently used and related terms in the personal criminal background check industry.
www.instantcheckmate.com/glossary
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and CybercrimeNew York Police Departmen.docxbissacr
CHAPTER 7 Criminal Law and Cybercrime
New York Police Department, Times Square, New York City
Criminal cases make up a large portion of cases tried in U.S. courts. Criminal cases are bought against persons for violating federal, state, and local laws. Suspected criminals are given many rights by the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions. Parties in the United States are free from unreasonable searches and seizures of evidence, and any evidence obtained illegally is considered tainted evidence and cannot be used in court. People who are suspected of a criminal act may assert their right of privilege against self-incrimination and may choose not to testify at any pretrial proceedings or at trial. Parties have a right to a public trial by a jury of their peers. In addition, if convicted of a crime, the criminal is free from cruel and unusual punishment.
Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1. List and describe the essential elements of a crime.
2. Describe criminal procedure, including arrest, indictment, arraignment, and the criminal trial.
3. Identify and define business and white-collar crimes.
4. List and describe cybercrimes.
5. Explain the constitutional safeguards provided by the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Chapter Outline
1. Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
2. Definition of a Crime
1. CONTEMPORARY ENVIRONMENT • Criminal Acts as the Basis for Tort Actions
3. Criminal Procedure
4. Common Crimes
1. ETHICS • Murder Conviction Upheld on Appeal
5. Business and White-Collar Crimes
1. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT • Corporate Criminal Liability
6. Cybercrimes
1. DIGITAL LAW • The Internet and Identity Theft
2. Case 7.1 • United States v. Barrington
7. Fourth Amendment Protection From Unreasonable Search and Seizure
1. Case 7.2 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Navarette v. California
2. Case 7.3 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Maryland v. King
3. Case 7.4 • U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE • Riley v. California and United States v. Wurie
8. Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination
1. Case 7.5 • Ragland v. Commonwealth of Kentucky
9. Other Constitutional Protections
1. GLOBAL LAW • France Does Not Impose the Death Penalty
“It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer.”
—Sir William Blackstone Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765)
Introduction to Criminal Law and Cybercrime
For members of society to coexist peacefully and for commerce to flourish, people and their property must be protected from injury by other members of society. Federal, state, and local governments’ criminal laws are intended to afford this protection by providing an incentive for persons to act reasonably in society and imposing penalties on persons who violate the laws.
There can be no equal justice where the kind of trial a man gets depends on the amount of money he has.
Justice Black
Griffin v. Illinois 351 U.S. 12, 76 S.Ct. 585, 1956 U.S. Lexis 1059 (1956)
The Uni.
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice Pshpopkinkz
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
...
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice P.docxmelvinjrobinson2199
Corrections in America
Fisher College
Criminal Justice Program
Robert Boomhower
2020
*
Basics of CorrectionsJail, pre-trial detention, or awaiting arraignment or bail
House of Correction, sentence of Less than 2.5 years
Prison, sentence of MORE than 2.5 years
*13 Jails in 14 counties, only Nantucket County does not have a jail/house of correction. There are 344 lockups in Massachusetts. A lockup belongs to the police departments (state & local) as well as dept of youth services and dept of mental healthHouse of Corrections, again, 13 of the 14 Counties have a House of Correction. The latest figures available (2009) indicate that there are 15,229 inmates being housed in County Jails and Houses of CorrectionThere are 18 Prison Facilities in Massachusetts under the direction of the Dept of Correction, with varying degrees of security, from Pre-Release to SuperMax, as of this morning, the DOC had 11,893 inmates under their control, with over 3800 corrections officers “holding down the fort”. 8% (942) are doing “life w/o parole” 92% will be released eventually 41.2% of those with no supervision 23.3% on parole 24.3% on probation 12.2% on both parole & probation
The Purpose of CorrectionsCriminal sanctions in America have been based on FOUR schools of thought throughout the years. Sanctions changed as attitudes and correctional practices changed and society evolved.
*
Criminal sanctions and the “schools of thought” behind them change appox. Every 60 years.
Beliefs come from culture and religion as well as social issues at a given time.
Society seems to find a “Crime of the Decade” in which laws are passed, editorials are written and punishments become more severe.
Examples of this are Operating Under the Influence, Domestic Violence, Drugs, and Elderly Abuse just to name a few.
The Purpose of CorrectionsRetribution: a belief that criminals deserved to be punished. An “eye for an eye” as spelled out in the Bible and other early writings. A belief among the Puritans that landed here in 1620, that was derived from English Laws and became the foundation of corrections in America.
*
Normally a belief held by many religions that take a hard line approach to a persons behavior. This attitude was brought here by the pilgrims who were escaping religious persecution in England. Has a firm basis in English Common Law also known as the “Kings Laws”, and eventually found its way into colonial law.
The Purpose of CorrectionsDeterrence: punishment that was severe enough so that the criminal and society in general, would not commit that or any type of crime again.
*
20 lashes with a whip for stealing food, 3 days in the “stocks” for being drunk on the Sabbath. (Colonial America) In some cultures at some times the punishment was more severe. How about hanging for horse thievery? (United States) Having a finger or hand cut off for stealing. (Muslim) How about being stoned to death for Adultery? (Hindu)
.
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to f.docxanthonybrooks84958
I need answers to both discussions questions as well as replies to fellow students. i also need atleast one reference
DISCUSSION 1
"Explosive Growth of Digital Crime and Fighting Digital Crime" Please respond to the following:
·
Identify at least two (2) factors that have led to the explosive growth of digital crime over the past a few decades. Next, describe the most common forms of digital crime, and give your opinion as to why those forms you described are so common. Provide a rationale for your response.
From the e-Activity, list three (3) types of digital crime, and name the main federal agencies which have primary responsibility to enforce digital crime laws. Next, recommend one (1) way for the federal agencies in question to improve the overall public response to computer crimes. Include the role of an individual citizen in the fight against digital crime in your discussion.
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
Please respond to the following student
Top of Form
·
Alecia Giles
·
RE: Week 1 Discussion
Over the past few decades, the need for computer technology has greatly increased. Users now turn to many forms of "computers" for daily tasks. Therefore, digital crime has also increased. Two factors that I believe have led to the explosive growth of digital crime
1. Identity Theft- Since computers are used for almost everything we do in life, many of us enter too much personal information into these devices. This personal information is now out there for hackers to retrieve and use in the theft of our identity.
2. Credit Card Fraud- An increase of online purchases and bill payment has allowed for credit card information to become more vulnerable to theft and/or fraud.
I believe these are the most common forms of digital crimes because they are the most commonly used by individuals.
Three types of digital crime include:
1. Cyber Stalking- Enforced by the FBI
2. Viruses- Enforced by The Secret Service
3. Piracy- Enforced by the ICE, FBI, and HIS
The federal virus genies in question can improve the overall public response to such computer crimes by identifying target areas for the reported crimes. Individual citizens can also assist in the fight against digital crime as well. To do so, when a crime is committed, the citizen should immediately report all aspects of the known crime to the proper authorities. Additionally, individual citizens can do things to prevent said crimes from occurring, such as; block and report cyber stalkers, install and use trusted anti-virus software and stay away from piracy websites.
Discussion 2
"Tort Law and Police Powers"
Please respond to the following:
·
From the e-Activity, specify the key differences between criminal law and tort law. Next, explain the common approaches that the judicial system takes in order to ensure that the public upholds these two (2) types of laws. Provide one (1) specific exa.
Week 9 Discussion 1
"Transnational Organized Crime" Please respond to the following:
· Compare and contrast the prevalence of organized crime in two (2) of the following global regions: North America, Africa, Europe, Latin America, and Asia. Determine each global region’s response to organized crime, and examine the correlation between this response and the prevalence of organized crime in the region.
· Speculate on at least two (2) reasons why society’s concern about Cybercrime has lagged behind other types of organized crime despite society’s current reliance on computers and technology. Justify your response.
Please also reply to the student
Stephanie Little
RE: Week 9 Discussion 1
Compare and contrast the prevalence of organized crime in two (2) of the following global regions: North America, Africa, Europe, Latin America, and Asia. Determine each global region’s response to organized crime, and examine the correlation between this response and the prevalence of organized crime in the region.
Organized crime is still in North America. Most recently, a Baltimore police detective was shot in the head at close range with his own gun day before he was set to testify in grand jury in an ongoing police corruption and drug shakedowns. It seems crazy to think he is killed with his own gun only a day before standing trial that would have brought down so many other people. The global regions response to organized crime is that it is no longer there and doesn’t happen. Which seems to not be the case. It is not as big as it used to be but it is still out there. Individuals think of the Mobsters of many years ago when they think of organized crime, but even though those types of organized crime have gone down it does not mean it is completely gone.
Speculate on at least two (2) reasons why society’s concern about Cybercrime has lagged behind other types of organized crime despite society’s current reliance on computers and technology. Justify your response.
The misuse of computers and the internet to carry out criminal activity is a cybercrime. Cybercrime can involve lottery scams, bank accounts, ID theft, and extortion. Most cybercrimes involve obtaining some sort of profit with money or gaining something. There is a lot that is involved with cybercrime, which makes them complex to locate and shut down. These types of crimes do not directly physically harm another human or thing. Most fraud committed in companies are committed from the inside. The ICCC, Internet Crime Complaint Center, receives more than 300,000 complaints in a yearn with a dollar loss of nearly $500 million. That is a lot of complaints for one center to process though and see what are legitimate complaints and which ones are not. Cybercrime is always evolving to something different. As soon as they figure out one virus and how to stop that, another comes in. The hatchers that are involved with these cybercrimes seem to be one step ahead of the government who tries to shut t.
This presentation is talking about Types of crime in people daily which consist a few types of crime. Also differentiate the case that fall in the felony case or the in other case. This simple slide consist the section of penal code that counted in judgement for the criminal.
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
1: Crime, Criminal Justice, and
Criminology
Learning Objectives
This section will broadly introduce crime, criminal justice, and criminology. This section is designed to be a
broad overview of what the subsequent chapters will cover in detail. It also demonstrates how the United States
create laws, policies enacted to enforce laws, and the role of the media. After reading this section, students will be
able to:
• Understand the differences between deviance, rule violations, and criminality
• Explain the differences between the interactionist, consensus, and conflict views in the creation of
laws
• Identify the three components of the criminal justice system
• Discuss the differences between crime control and due process model, and application examples to
each
• Describe the wedding cake model theory and application examples to each tier
• Briefly explain the role of the media and how media may spread myths in society
• Briefly understand the unique role of victims in the criminal justice process
Background Knowledge Probe: The goal here is to assess current knowledge about the criminal
justice system at the start of the course. Each of these topics is covered throughout the course, and they will
often be a controversial topic and topic for debate.
You will indicate whether you know each statement to be True or False, but there is no right or wrong
answer since it is just to assess your background knowledge.
1. Blacks commit more crime than any other racial group.
9
2. The United States has the lowest recidivism rates in the world (return to prison).
3. The death penalty is cheaper than life imprisonment.
4. Politicians shape our thoughts on crime, even if they are inaccurate.
5. Children are most likely to be killed by a stranger.
6. A stranger is most likely to physically harm you.
7. White-collar crime costs our country more every year than street-crime.
8. Juveniles are more violent today than ever before.
9. Immigrants commit more crime than native-born people.
10. Violent crime has risen in the United States over the last 20 years.
ALISON S. BURKE, DAVID CARTER, BRIAN FEDOREK, TIFFANY MOREY, LORE RUTZ-BURRI, AND SHANELL
SANCHEZ
10
1.1. Crime and the Criminal Justice System
SHANELL SANCHEZ
Theft as a Child
The first lesson in crime and criminality I remember was when I was in second grade and stole something from
a local drug store. I thought that the bracelet was shiny and perfect. At first, I remember wanting to try it on, but
then I did not want to take it off. I had more questions than my Nana may have been ready to answer about why I
did it and why I could not keep it. I had to take the bracelet back, which hurt because I loved it. Because of guilt or
shame, I told my grandma what I did.
Think about a time in your life that you may have done something similar. Was this first lesson in crime and
criminality from the person you were raised by such as a parent(s) or grandparent(s)? Did they ...
As a civil rights lawyer Chicago firm, we provide civil rights lawyers for civil rights violation, civil service lawyer, civil court lawyer, civil law lawyers, and civil lawyers. Our civil rights lawyers have extensive knowledge of civil rights violations and civil law.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
2. Influences on American Law Code of Hammurabi Ten Commandments English Common Law Roman Law (Jurisprudence)
3. Code of Hammurabi Definition First set of written laws with punishments Influence Breaking the law = consequence ex: death, cut off hand
4.
5. Ten Commandments Definition Set of moral laws Ex: don’t kill, don’t steal, don’t cheat Influence Established moral laws in America Ex: don’t kill, don’t steal, don’t cheat
6. English Common Law Definition English courts use previous cases to decide crimes and punishments Influence The use of precedence in American court system
7. Roman Law (Jurisprudence) Definition The study of the law as a profession Influence Law School, Lawyers & Judges
8. The 4 Types of Laws Common/Civil Law Criminal/Statutory Law Administrative Law Constitutional Law
14. Center for Disease Control CDC promotes health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability
15. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) The CIA is an independent agency responsible for providing national security intelligence to senior US policymakers. The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (D/CIA) is nominated by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate.
18. FDA Regulates food, dietary supplements, prescription drugs, cosmetics and medical devices (makes sure these products are safe to consume for use)
19. Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA strives to reduce the loss of life and property from all hazards, including natural disasters and acts of terrorism by teaching people how to get through a disaster, will also help people get back on their feet after a disaster
21. US Citizenship and Immigration Services USCIS regulates immigration and naturalization services. Settles immigrant visa petitions, naturalization petitions, and asylum and refugee applications.
22. Internal Revenue Service IRS helps Americans understand and meet their tax responsibilities. Applies the tax law fairly to all
23. Drug Enforcement Administration DEA enforces controlled substance laws. Investigates and prosecutes violators of controlled substance laws. The DEA also seeks prosecution of criminals and drug gangs who perpetrate violence in our communities
24. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives ATF Regulates the firearms and explosives industries to prevent terrorism, reduce violent crime, acts of arson, and illegal trafficking of alcohol and tobacco products.
26. Law Enforcement Find your Law Enforcement graphic organizer we have already completed and put them in your notes. You have 7 minutes to get this completed!
34. Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms(ATF) Jurisdiction Country (U.S.) Job Catch criminals of alcohol, tobacco, or firearm use
35. Secret Service Jurisdiction U.S. and rest of World Job Protect the President and other top officials Investigate counterfeiting (fake $) crimes
36. Law Enforcement CHALLENGE!!! Decide which law enforcement agency will be involved in the following scenarios. Don’t show your answers until told to do so. This way you are protecting your team.
37. Scenario #1 Jeremiah is driving an tractor trailer down I-77 30mph over the speed limit. STATE TROOPER
38. Scenario #2 A warrant is out for the arrest of Jasmine who robbed two old ladies on Sunday. SHERIFF
39. Scenario #3 A farmer in Cabarrus County is growing an illegal substance in one of his fields Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)
40. Scenario #4 There is a Timbaland concert at Bobcats Arena and traffic needs to be controlled. POLICE
41. Scenario #5 Two murder crimes, one in Charlotte, the other in Wilmington, have been linked together. STATE BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (SBI)
42. Scenario #6 A wine maker is transporting bottles across the country without the proper permit. Alcohol Tobacco and Firearm (ATF)
43. Scenario #7 Terrorists in New York are talking to terrorists in Los Angles about another attack on the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
44. Scenario #8 There is a riot in uptown Charlotte after the Panthers lose the Super Bowl by 1 point. POLICE
45. Scenario #9 CMPD needs help finding Ms. Huckaby, who fell off a boat on Lake Norman. STATE TROOPER
46. Scenario #10 Black market DVD’s a being smuggled into the U.S. along the eastern states. FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (FBI)
47. Scenario #11 Snipers are shooting innocent civilians in Maryland, Delaware, and Virginia. FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (FBI) OR ALCOHOL TOBACCO and FIREARM (ATF)
48. Scenario #12 Ms. Nall is being brought to trial for the murder of a student who didn’t do his homework. Security is needed at the courthouse. SHERIFF
49. Scenario #13 Mr. Leichner was murdered in his Mecklenburg County home, but his body was found in a Gaston County park. STATE BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (SBI)
50. Scenario #14 A huge drug bust is about to take place in Charlotte. Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)
51. Scenario #15 The President is traveling to Iraq to surprise the troops during Thanksgiving. SECRET SERVICE
52. When different law enforcement agencies from two areas of jurisdiction work together to return a suspect to the place of a crime, it is known as _________________. EXTRADITION
53. What is retribution? A criminals payment to society for committing a crime. Prison time, fine, death penalty, re$titution
54. What is re$titution? A criminal pays the victim money as part of his or her punishment DISCUSS: How is restitution different from a fine?
55. What are possible punishments for a convicted Felon? Prison Death Penalty Loss of privilege Restitution
56. What are possible punishments for someone guilty of a misdemeanor? Fine Community Service Probation Jail time
57. What are possible punishments for convicted minor? Juvenile Detention Probation Community Service Boot Camp THE GOAL IS REHABILITATION!!!!
58. The “Full faith & credit clause” Page 3, #4 Allows one states to uphold the laws of another state. EX: A 15 year old S.C. can drive by herself in N.C.
59. What is meant by the statement… “Ignorance of the law is no excuse”? A person who is unaware of the law cannot escape liability for violating the law merely because they were unaware of the law. Discuss: Is this a good policy?
60. Ways citizens can inform themselves of new laws… attend town meetings, public hearings, or public forums media utilizing government publications and websites
61. Ways the government can inform citizens of new laws public debates franking privilege press releases update government publications and websites Examples Click it or ticket campaigns Move over laws
62. Retribution Turn to page 3 of your qualifier!!! Define retribution – Punishment given after being convicted of a crime.
63. Types of Punishments (Retribution) for convicted felon Turn back to page 8 Prison terms of substantial length Loss of Privileges such as professional licenses, public offices, or public employment, driver’s license Capital Punishment-a sentence of public execution Restitution- pay money to the victim or the judicial system
64. Types of punishments- guilty of a misdemeanor Prison lasting usually no longer than 12 months. Sometimes even part time imprisonment, weekend stays, etc.. Community Service Fines Probation
65. Types of punishment – convicted minor (<18yrs) Boot Camp programs instill discipline, education, and civic responsibility in youth offenders. Probation a suspended jail sentence for the convicted to be rehabilitated by the community Community Service House Arrest
66. What is the goal in punishing minors compared to punishing adults?? rehabilitation – to correct the wrong decisions of minors in hopes they will not make bad decisions when they are adults
68. Korematsu v. United States (1944) Amendment at question? 14th (equal protection) Story Japanese-Americans forced to move from the west coast to internment camps during WWII Impact Can take away civil rights of a single racial group if protecting national security
69. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) Amendment at question 14th amendment (equal protection) Story White student rejected by a medical school even though his GPA was higher than some minority students. Bakke claimed reverse discrimination. Impact Race can be one of the factors when choosing students for a diverse student body. Quotas (a set number) are not allowed.
70. New Jersey V. TLO (1985) Amendment 4th searches and seizures 14th equal protection Story Accused of smoking in bathroom, was searched and had cigarettes, marijuana, and evidence that she was dealing drugs. Claimed evidence obtained by “unreasonable” search Impact Schools can search as long as there is a “reasonable suspicion” do not have to prove “probable cause”
71. Roe v. Wade (1973) Amendment 9th (right to privacy) Story Texas woman challenged the state law forbidding abortion Impact Court upheld a woman’s right to choose whether or not to end her pregnancy through the 1st trimester (1st 3 months)
72. Texas v. Johnson (1989) Amendment 1st (freedom of speech) Story Man arrested for burning a flag which violated Texas state law Impact Flag burning is protected under free speech/protest
73. What types of cases does the US Supreme Court have original jurisdiction? Disputes between states Conflicts with foreign gov’ts or officials
74. What are the two sides of a civil trial? Plaintiff v. defense What do these two sides usually end up doing about their dispute? Why? Settling outside of court because court fees are expensive