The document summarizes key events and concepts in early American history and the creation of the US Constitution. It describes that the US Constitution was written over 200 years ago in Philadelphia and served as a model for many other governments. It then highlights some of the major compromises and debates that occurred between states at the Constitutional Convention, including the Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan, Three-Fifths Compromise, and powers granted to the federal government.

1. PO 101
Spring 2017

3.  Written over 200 years
ago in Philadelphia
 Oldest written
constitution in the
modern world
 Many governments
used it as a model for
their political system

5. Virginia House of Burgesses, 1619

7. Sugar Act (1764)
Stamp Act (1765)

8. Declaratory Act (1766)
Townshend Acts (1767)
Charles Townshend,
Chancellor of the Exchequer

9. Tea Act (1773)
BostonTea Party

12.  “Virtual Representation”
First Continental Congress

14. Franklin Livingston Adams
Sherman Jefferson

15. The Social Contract
“Consent of
the Governed”
Locke

17.  States had one vote
 Changing laws required
nine of thirteen state
legislatures to agree
 Fundamental changes
had to be unanimous

18.  No power to draft
soldiers or pay for
military
 No power to regulate
commerce
 No power to tax

23.  55 men from 12 states
 Colonial elite - Had public service background
 Service in Continental Congress
 Fought in Revolutionary War
 Been a state governor or served as state legislator

24. Madison Franklin Sherman Paterson

26. GEORGEWASHINGTON JAMES MADISON

27.  States received one vote
 Did NOT record votes
 Proceedings were secret

28.  Large States and Small States
 North and South
 States and Federal Government

30.  Strengthened power of
national government
 Bicameral (two house)
national legislature
 Members of lower
chamber apportioned by
population
 Gave legislature much
broader authority than
under Articles
James Madison

31.  Unicameral
(one house) legislature
 Equal representation
regardless of
population
William Paterson

32.  Bicameral (two house)
legislature
 Lower chamber
(House) based on
population
 Upper chamber
(Senate) based on
equality
Roger Sherman

34.  How should slaves be counted in
allocating congressional representation?
 Decision: Three-Fifths Compromise

36.  “Enumerated” Powers
 Those powers “herein granted”
 Included:
 Power to raise an army
 Power to raise taxes
 Provide for general welfare of nation

41. JAMES MADISON PATRICK HENRY

43. FEDERALIST #10
 Response to Anti-
Federalist critiques
 Danger lay in factions
 What is a faction?
 Group of citizens sharing
common interest
FEDERALIST #51
 Deals with separation of
powers through checks
and balances
 “Ambition must be made to
counteract ambition”