E-business refers to the conduct of business on the Internet and the transformation of key business processes through Internet technologies. It includes direct business activities like marketing, sales, and HR as well as indirect activities that impact business processes and efficiency. E-commerce is a major subset of e-business and refers specifically to buying and selling of products, services, and information online, typically through business-to-consumer and business-to-business transactions. There are several types of e-commerce models including B2C, B2B, C2C, and business-to-government. E-business has significant impacts on areas like marketing, production, management information systems, and human resources. Key drivers of e-business adoption
E-commerce has gone through two eras since 1995, with the first from 1995-2000 seeing explosive growth in advertising products online, and the second from 2001-2006 involving a reassessment of e-commerce companies. There are several types of e-commerce models, including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), peer-to-peer (P2P), and mobile commerce (M-commerce). E-commerce provides benefits like low entry costs, reduced transaction costs, and access to global markets, but also disadvantages such as the inability to examine products personally and security risks.
E-business refers to conducting business operations over the Internet. It involves using Internet technologies internally and externally to facilitate day-to-day business processes. There are different types of e-business including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumers (B2C), consumers-to-consumers (C2C), and business-to-administration (B2A). E-business allows companies to reduce costs, improve customer service, and increase communication and sales. However, it also faces disadvantages such as less security, less privacy for customer data, and the inability to physically examine products before purchasing.
Ecommerce involves the buying and selling of products, services, and information via computer networks and the internet. It allows for real-time business transactions when customers and merchants are in different locations. Ecommerce provides benefits like reduced costs, faster response times, and improved service quality for organizations and more choices, price comparisons, and discounts for consumers. While technical limitations around security, bandwidth, and standards still exist, ecommerce has many applications in industries like retail, education, and online services.
The document provides an overview of e-commerce, including its history, architectural framework, types, applications, impact, distribution channels, advantages, and disadvantages. It discusses how e-commerce emerged in the 1960s with EDI and was further advanced by TCP/IP in the 1980s. The architectural framework for e-commerce consists of six layers focusing on integrating existing corporate resources. The main types of e-commerce are B2B, B2C, C2C, C2B, B2A, and C2A. Common applications include retail/wholesale, marketing, finance, manufacturing, and auctions. The impact of e-commerce on markets, supply chain management, employment, customers, and
This document discusses e-commerce (electronic commerce). It defines e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks, primarily the Internet. It describes the different models of e-commerce including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), business-to-government (B2G), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). It also discusses the necessary technologies and infrastructure to support e-commerce such as networks, web servers, electronic catalogs, and payment systems.
E-commerce refers to electronic transactions over the internet, including buying and selling of goods and services as well as the transfer of funds and information. The main goals of e-commerce are to reduce costs, lower product cycle times, provide faster customer response, and improve service quality. There are several types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-government. Setting up the infrastructure for an e-commerce business involves key decisions around marketing, facilities, customer service, information technology, and fulfillment.
This chapter introduces electronic commerce and discusses its key concepts. It describes how e-commerce involves using technology, particularly the Internet, to conduct business transactions. The chapter outlines different models of e-commerce, including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and others. It also discusses how economic forces have driven a second wave of e-commerce focused on profitability through analyzing business processes and revenue models. The chapter covers challenges of global e-commerce like cultural and legal differences between countries.
E-commerce is an facility for each and every user buying and selling product through the internet. By using E-commerce we can manage everything in our time. Every person/user can handle different transaction like E-payment-billing, Mobile banking, Net banking-learning, E-insurance, etc. In india E-commerce technology is increased because of wide range of products and minimum price wide range of suppliers and customers internet. Electronic Commerce is enabling the customer to have an increasing say in what products are made, how products are made and how services are delivered. Through the E-commerce we can achieve greater economic efficiency (lower cost) and more rapid exchange (high speed, accelerated, or real-time interaction.This paper gives an overview of the future of ECommerce and discusses the scope,challenges,Types of E-commerce,Uses ,Advantages and disadvantages of E-Commerce. Also use of EDI.We also find out to help future growth of Indian e-commerce. This paper also represent evaluation of internet users. Ashwini Jagdale | Rupnawar Ashwini"Challenges of E-commerce " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2260.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/2260/challenges-of-e-commerce-/ashwini-jagdale
E-commerce has gone through two eras since 1995, with the first from 1995-2000 seeing explosive growth in advertising products online, and the second from 2001-2006 involving a reassessment of e-commerce companies. There are several types of e-commerce models, including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), peer-to-peer (P2P), and mobile commerce (M-commerce). E-commerce provides benefits like low entry costs, reduced transaction costs, and access to global markets, but also disadvantages such as the inability to examine products personally and security risks.
E-business refers to conducting business operations over the Internet. It involves using Internet technologies internally and externally to facilitate day-to-day business processes. There are different types of e-business including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumers (B2C), consumers-to-consumers (C2C), and business-to-administration (B2A). E-business allows companies to reduce costs, improve customer service, and increase communication and sales. However, it also faces disadvantages such as less security, less privacy for customer data, and the inability to physically examine products before purchasing.
Ecommerce involves the buying and selling of products, services, and information via computer networks and the internet. It allows for real-time business transactions when customers and merchants are in different locations. Ecommerce provides benefits like reduced costs, faster response times, and improved service quality for organizations and more choices, price comparisons, and discounts for consumers. While technical limitations around security, bandwidth, and standards still exist, ecommerce has many applications in industries like retail, education, and online services.
The document provides an overview of e-commerce, including its history, architectural framework, types, applications, impact, distribution channels, advantages, and disadvantages. It discusses how e-commerce emerged in the 1960s with EDI and was further advanced by TCP/IP in the 1980s. The architectural framework for e-commerce consists of six layers focusing on integrating existing corporate resources. The main types of e-commerce are B2B, B2C, C2C, C2B, B2A, and C2A. Common applications include retail/wholesale, marketing, finance, manufacturing, and auctions. The impact of e-commerce on markets, supply chain management, employment, customers, and
This document discusses e-commerce (electronic commerce). It defines e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks, primarily the Internet. It describes the different models of e-commerce including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), business-to-government (B2G), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). It also discusses the necessary technologies and infrastructure to support e-commerce such as networks, web servers, electronic catalogs, and payment systems.
E-commerce refers to electronic transactions over the internet, including buying and selling of goods and services as well as the transfer of funds and information. The main goals of e-commerce are to reduce costs, lower product cycle times, provide faster customer response, and improve service quality. There are several types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-government. Setting up the infrastructure for an e-commerce business involves key decisions around marketing, facilities, customer service, information technology, and fulfillment.
This chapter introduces electronic commerce and discusses its key concepts. It describes how e-commerce involves using technology, particularly the Internet, to conduct business transactions. The chapter outlines different models of e-commerce, including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and others. It also discusses how economic forces have driven a second wave of e-commerce focused on profitability through analyzing business processes and revenue models. The chapter covers challenges of global e-commerce like cultural and legal differences between countries.
E-commerce is an facility for each and every user buying and selling product through the internet. By using E-commerce we can manage everything in our time. Every person/user can handle different transaction like E-payment-billing, Mobile banking, Net banking-learning, E-insurance, etc. In india E-commerce technology is increased because of wide range of products and minimum price wide range of suppliers and customers internet. Electronic Commerce is enabling the customer to have an increasing say in what products are made, how products are made and how services are delivered. Through the E-commerce we can achieve greater economic efficiency (lower cost) and more rapid exchange (high speed, accelerated, or real-time interaction.This paper gives an overview of the future of ECommerce and discusses the scope,challenges,Types of E-commerce,Uses ,Advantages and disadvantages of E-Commerce. Also use of EDI.We also find out to help future growth of Indian e-commerce. This paper also represent evaluation of internet users. Ashwini Jagdale | Rupnawar Ashwini"Challenges of E-commerce " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2260.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/2260/challenges-of-e-commerce-/ashwini-jagdale
This document discusses e-commerce, including its definition, history, types, advantages, and future. E-commerce involves the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. It has grown significantly since the 1990s with companies like Amazon and eBay. There are different types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce provides advantages such as lower costs, 24/7 access, and a large customer reach. However, it also poses disadvantages like lack of personal interaction and product experience before purchase. The future of e-commerce is predicted to include technologies like biometric payments, social media marketing, faster delivery, and 3D printing of
E-business technologies include hardware, the internet, databases, and online payment systems that enable electronic business. Appropriate use of these technologies, including understanding their design choices and impacts, is important for developing effective e-business solutions. Key e-business applications include customer relationship management systems, enterprise resource planning systems, document management systems, and human resources management systems to help businesses conduct operations and transactions electronically. Security is also essential for e-business to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information during online transactions.
IT enables in the quick access of information and it also accelerates productivity. IT ensures that additional staff may not be necessary when the business grows.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/welingkarshybridDlp
E-marketing involves promoting and selling products through digital technologies like the internet, email, and mobile phones. It includes activities like internet marketing, digital marketing, search engine marketing, email marketing, viral marketing, e-branding, e-advertising, and online marketing. E-payment systems allow customers to make purchases electronically using methods such as credit cards, debit cards, and smart cards. Security threats to e-marketing include viruses, worms, phishing, and pharming, but these can be addressed using tools like anti-virus software, firewalls, and encryption.
This document discusses e-commerce and e-business. E-commerce refers to buying and selling online, while e-business is a broader concept that also includes customer service, partnerships, and internal organization functions. There are different types of e-commerce such as business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce provides benefits to organizations, customers, and society as a whole such as access to wider markets, lower costs, and increased standard of living. However, it also faces limitations such as security and privacy issues. The document outlines the consumer decision process and different advertising and shopping methods used in e-commerce.
This document defines key terms related to e-business and discusses various aspects of conducting business online. It defines e-business as businesses that utilize internet technologies, and discusses business intelligence, e-commerce, CRM, SCM, and ERP. It outlines different types of e-business models including B2B, B2C, C2C, and others. The document also distinguishes between e-business and e-commerce, describing how e-business aims to improve overall business performance through connectivity, while e-commerce focuses on online marketing, selling and buying. Finally, it discusses advantages and disadvantages of e-business, as well as examples of e-marketing activities.
What is E-commerce; it's features,advantages & disadvantages;origin and phases of development; the Business Models; the E-commerce process; Payment systems and its security; Legal aspects; Real Examples-Amazon, Alibaba, eBay, Flipkart; Stats.& Figures for Indian GDP
The document discusses several areas experiencing rapid growth in e-commerce, including financial services like online stock trading and internet banking, as well as legal/professional services, tourism, and healthcare. It notes that India has over 300 million internet users, the third largest population after the US and China, and that e-commerce there has succeeded particularly in consumer electronics, fashion, and home goods retailing. Ease of internet access, secure payments, and aggressive marketing by large companies have fueled growth, while mobile technology is powering mobile commerce applications.
E-business involves conducting business operations over the internet through activities like online shopping, sales, and customer support. It originated in the 1950s with computers processing internal transactions, and expanded in the 1970s with electronic data interchange between banks. E-business offers advantages over traditional business like reduced errors, lower costs, and faster processing times. Key areas of e-business include banking, healthcare, retail, and tourism. It requires tools like websites, payment systems, and security to function.
The document provides an overview of e-commerce, defining it as the process of buying and selling goods and services over the internet. It discusses the history of e-commerce from the 1970s to today. It also outlines the major categories of e-commerce including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer. Finally, it discusses the benefits of e-commerce for both organizations and consumers as well as examples of business applications and some interesting statistics.
E commerce, benefits, drivers,myths and realitiesAnubha .
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. It allows organizations to expand their markets and reduce costs. Advantages for customers include lower prices, more options, and convenience of shopping from home. However, e-commerce also faces disadvantages like security issues, hidden costs for customers, and the need for ongoing investments and expertise by businesses. Successful e-commerce requires an understanding of the fundamentals, substantial quality content, and a focus on excellent customer service, which research shows customers value over lower prices. Major e-commerce companies in India are expanding their businesses through both online and offline retail channels.
The document discusses information systems for businesses and how they have evolved. It covers the need for information systems to support fast and accurate transactions, storage, communication, and decision-making. It also discusses the pressures businesses face in today's global, technology-driven environment and how they are responding through strategic systems, business process reengineering, e-commerce, alliances, and continuous improvement efforts.
The document discusses the framework and driving forces of e-commerce. It describes the key components of e-commerce infrastructure including common business services, policy support areas, and applications. It then discusses the economic, market, technological, societal, and environmental forces driving the growth of e-commerce. Finally, it outlines some of the benefits of e-commerce to organizations and consumers as well as limitations.
A complete guide to E-Business basics :
1. E-Business: Fundamentals, E-Business framework, E-Business application, Technology
Infrastructure for E-Business.
2. Mobile and Wireless computing fundamentals: Mobile computing, framework, wireless
technology and switching method, mobile information access device, mobile computing
application.
3. E-Business Models: Elements of Business models, B2B, B2C models
4. Payment Systems: Type of E-payment, digital token–based e-payment, smart card, credit
card payment systems, risk on e-payment, designing e-payment
5. Security Environment: Security Threats, Technology Solutions, Client–server security, data
and message security, document security, firewalls. Ethical Social and Political issues in
ecommerce.
6. Inter-organization Business: EDI application in business, EDI: legal, security, standardization
and EDI, EDI software implementation, VANs (value added net work) Internet based EDI
This chapter provides the basics of Electronic Customer Relationship Management and gives a clear idea about the e-CRM. It also gives the knowledge of changing perspective of the e-CRM practices
The document discusses e-marketplaces, their components and types. It describes private, public and consortia e-marketplaces. It also discusses transactions, intermediaries, electronic catalogs, auctions, bartering, mobile commerce, competition in the digital economy, and the impact of e-commerce on organizations and industries. Key topics covered include different types of intermediaries and their roles, benefits and limitations of auctions, the promise of mobile commerce, and how e-commerce transforms organizations and impacts whole industries.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce, including:
1. Key drivers of e-commerce like technological, political, social, and economic factors.
2. Different e-commerce business models like business-to-consumer and business-to-business.
3. Benefits and limitations of e-commerce for organizations, consumers, and society.
4. Essential e-commerce processes like access control, profiling, search management, and electronic payments.
This document discusses electronic payment systems. It begins with an introduction that defines electronic payment systems as payments made through an electronic medium without cash or checks. It then outlines the objectives and growth of electronic payments. The rest of the document outlines the advantages and disadvantages of electronic payments, the payment process, types of electronic payments including credit cards and e-wallets, a comparison of payment systems, the landscape of e-payments in India, and the future scope of electronic payments. It concludes by discussing how technology has made financial transactions more convenient through electronic payments.
The document provides an introduction to financial statement analysis. It discusses that financial statement analysis involves reviewing a company's financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows, to assess performance. The document outlines the objectives and scope of analyzing the financial statements of Sitaram Textiles Ltd over a 5-year period from 2011-2015. It describes the sources of data, research methodology, limitations, and timeline of the study. Finally, it provides a literature review on financial statement analysis and what financial statements are.
Johari window human resource management,MBARahul Rajan
The document discusses the Johari Window technique, which is used to help people understand their relationship with themselves and others. It was created in 1955 by psychologists Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham. The Johari Window divides personality traits into four areas: Open Area (known to self and others), Hidden Area (known to self but not others), Blind Area (known to others but not self), and Unknown Area (unknown to both self and others). The goal is to expand the Open Area through self-disclosure and feedback to gain greater self-knowledge.
This document discusses e-commerce, including its definition, history, types, advantages, and future. E-commerce involves the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. It has grown significantly since the 1990s with companies like Amazon and eBay. There are different types of e-commerce models including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce provides advantages such as lower costs, 24/7 access, and a large customer reach. However, it also poses disadvantages like lack of personal interaction and product experience before purchase. The future of e-commerce is predicted to include technologies like biometric payments, social media marketing, faster delivery, and 3D printing of
E-business technologies include hardware, the internet, databases, and online payment systems that enable electronic business. Appropriate use of these technologies, including understanding their design choices and impacts, is important for developing effective e-business solutions. Key e-business applications include customer relationship management systems, enterprise resource planning systems, document management systems, and human resources management systems to help businesses conduct operations and transactions electronically. Security is also essential for e-business to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information during online transactions.
IT enables in the quick access of information and it also accelerates productivity. IT ensures that additional staff may not be necessary when the business grows.
For more such innovative content on management studies, join WeSchool PGDM-DLP Program: http://bit.ly/welingkarshybridDlp
E-marketing involves promoting and selling products through digital technologies like the internet, email, and mobile phones. It includes activities like internet marketing, digital marketing, search engine marketing, email marketing, viral marketing, e-branding, e-advertising, and online marketing. E-payment systems allow customers to make purchases electronically using methods such as credit cards, debit cards, and smart cards. Security threats to e-marketing include viruses, worms, phishing, and pharming, but these can be addressed using tools like anti-virus software, firewalls, and encryption.
This document discusses e-commerce and e-business. E-commerce refers to buying and selling online, while e-business is a broader concept that also includes customer service, partnerships, and internal organization functions. There are different types of e-commerce such as business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce provides benefits to organizations, customers, and society as a whole such as access to wider markets, lower costs, and increased standard of living. However, it also faces limitations such as security and privacy issues. The document outlines the consumer decision process and different advertising and shopping methods used in e-commerce.
This document defines key terms related to e-business and discusses various aspects of conducting business online. It defines e-business as businesses that utilize internet technologies, and discusses business intelligence, e-commerce, CRM, SCM, and ERP. It outlines different types of e-business models including B2B, B2C, C2C, and others. The document also distinguishes between e-business and e-commerce, describing how e-business aims to improve overall business performance through connectivity, while e-commerce focuses on online marketing, selling and buying. Finally, it discusses advantages and disadvantages of e-business, as well as examples of e-marketing activities.
What is E-commerce; it's features,advantages & disadvantages;origin and phases of development; the Business Models; the E-commerce process; Payment systems and its security; Legal aspects; Real Examples-Amazon, Alibaba, eBay, Flipkart; Stats.& Figures for Indian GDP
The document discusses several areas experiencing rapid growth in e-commerce, including financial services like online stock trading and internet banking, as well as legal/professional services, tourism, and healthcare. It notes that India has over 300 million internet users, the third largest population after the US and China, and that e-commerce there has succeeded particularly in consumer electronics, fashion, and home goods retailing. Ease of internet access, secure payments, and aggressive marketing by large companies have fueled growth, while mobile technology is powering mobile commerce applications.
E-business involves conducting business operations over the internet through activities like online shopping, sales, and customer support. It originated in the 1950s with computers processing internal transactions, and expanded in the 1970s with electronic data interchange between banks. E-business offers advantages over traditional business like reduced errors, lower costs, and faster processing times. Key areas of e-business include banking, healthcare, retail, and tourism. It requires tools like websites, payment systems, and security to function.
The document provides an overview of e-commerce, defining it as the process of buying and selling goods and services over the internet. It discusses the history of e-commerce from the 1970s to today. It also outlines the major categories of e-commerce including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer. Finally, it discusses the benefits of e-commerce for both organizations and consumers as well as examples of business applications and some interesting statistics.
E commerce, benefits, drivers,myths and realitiesAnubha .
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. It allows organizations to expand their markets and reduce costs. Advantages for customers include lower prices, more options, and convenience of shopping from home. However, e-commerce also faces disadvantages like security issues, hidden costs for customers, and the need for ongoing investments and expertise by businesses. Successful e-commerce requires an understanding of the fundamentals, substantial quality content, and a focus on excellent customer service, which research shows customers value over lower prices. Major e-commerce companies in India are expanding their businesses through both online and offline retail channels.
The document discusses information systems for businesses and how they have evolved. It covers the need for information systems to support fast and accurate transactions, storage, communication, and decision-making. It also discusses the pressures businesses face in today's global, technology-driven environment and how they are responding through strategic systems, business process reengineering, e-commerce, alliances, and continuous improvement efforts.
The document discusses the framework and driving forces of e-commerce. It describes the key components of e-commerce infrastructure including common business services, policy support areas, and applications. It then discusses the economic, market, technological, societal, and environmental forces driving the growth of e-commerce. Finally, it outlines some of the benefits of e-commerce to organizations and consumers as well as limitations.
A complete guide to E-Business basics :
1. E-Business: Fundamentals, E-Business framework, E-Business application, Technology
Infrastructure for E-Business.
2. Mobile and Wireless computing fundamentals: Mobile computing, framework, wireless
technology and switching method, mobile information access device, mobile computing
application.
3. E-Business Models: Elements of Business models, B2B, B2C models
4. Payment Systems: Type of E-payment, digital token–based e-payment, smart card, credit
card payment systems, risk on e-payment, designing e-payment
5. Security Environment: Security Threats, Technology Solutions, Client–server security, data
and message security, document security, firewalls. Ethical Social and Political issues in
ecommerce.
6. Inter-organization Business: EDI application in business, EDI: legal, security, standardization
and EDI, EDI software implementation, VANs (value added net work) Internet based EDI
This chapter provides the basics of Electronic Customer Relationship Management and gives a clear idea about the e-CRM. It also gives the knowledge of changing perspective of the e-CRM practices
The document discusses e-marketplaces, their components and types. It describes private, public and consortia e-marketplaces. It also discusses transactions, intermediaries, electronic catalogs, auctions, bartering, mobile commerce, competition in the digital economy, and the impact of e-commerce on organizations and industries. Key topics covered include different types of intermediaries and their roles, benefits and limitations of auctions, the promise of mobile commerce, and how e-commerce transforms organizations and impacts whole industries.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce, including:
1. Key drivers of e-commerce like technological, political, social, and economic factors.
2. Different e-commerce business models like business-to-consumer and business-to-business.
3. Benefits and limitations of e-commerce for organizations, consumers, and society.
4. Essential e-commerce processes like access control, profiling, search management, and electronic payments.
This document discusses electronic payment systems. It begins with an introduction that defines electronic payment systems as payments made through an electronic medium without cash or checks. It then outlines the objectives and growth of electronic payments. The rest of the document outlines the advantages and disadvantages of electronic payments, the payment process, types of electronic payments including credit cards and e-wallets, a comparison of payment systems, the landscape of e-payments in India, and the future scope of electronic payments. It concludes by discussing how technology has made financial transactions more convenient through electronic payments.
The document provides an introduction to financial statement analysis. It discusses that financial statement analysis involves reviewing a company's financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows, to assess performance. The document outlines the objectives and scope of analyzing the financial statements of Sitaram Textiles Ltd over a 5-year period from 2011-2015. It describes the sources of data, research methodology, limitations, and timeline of the study. Finally, it provides a literature review on financial statement analysis and what financial statements are.
Johari window human resource management,MBARahul Rajan
The document discusses the Johari Window technique, which is used to help people understand their relationship with themselves and others. It was created in 1955 by psychologists Joseph Luft and Harrington Ingham. The Johari Window divides personality traits into four areas: Open Area (known to self and others), Hidden Area (known to self but not others), Blind Area (known to others but not self), and Unknown Area (unknown to both self and others). The goal is to expand the Open Area through self-disclosure and feedback to gain greater self-knowledge.
This document discusses training evaluation in an organizational context. It outlines the purposes of training evaluation, which include identifying areas for modification and gaining information on needed changes. Principles of effective training are provided, such as clear objectives, organized material, and practice. The document also describes different types of training evaluation, including formative, process, outcome, and impact evaluation. Methods of evaluating training discussed include questionnaires, tests, interviews, and measuring performance and organizational metrics. Feedback is important to identify causes of any differences between expected and actual outcomes. Overall, regular evaluation of training programs and techniques is necessary to establish their effectiveness for the organization and individuals.
The document discusses recruitment, which it defines as the process of searching for prospective employees and encouraging them to apply for jobs. It identifies two main sources of recruitment: internal sources which include current employees; and external sources which are outside the organization, such as new labor force entrants, the unemployed, retired persons, and others not in the labor force. The document also outlines various recruitment techniques used by organizations, including direct methods like campus recruitment, indirect methods like newspaper advertisements, and modern recruitment methods that use technologies like e-recruitment to address traditional challenges.
Training is an important part of human resource management that helps improve employee performance. It increases an employee's knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform their job through methods like on-the-job and off-the-job training. Training benefits both employees through career advancement and employers through higher productivity, lower costs, and reduced errors. The effectiveness of training can be measured through employee and manager feedback as well as comparisons of performance metrics before and after training.
Johari: Improving communication and relationships sept 2010Eileen Brown
This document discusses the Johari window model for improving communication and relationships. It explains the four "rooms" or areas of the model: (1) the open area known to self and others, (2) the blind area not known to self but known to others, (3) the hidden area known to self but not others, and (4) the unknown area not known to self or others. The goal is to increase the open area through honest feedback and sharing to develop greater self-awareness and strengthen relationships.
Building a healthy relationship with your spouse to remain together and a relationship stronger is possible with a clear, honest and open communication. Money matters, financial goals etc. are often the topics of concern and should be delicately handled.
This document provides an overview and analysis of the impact of e-commerce on brick and mortar retail businesses in India. It begins with an introduction to the e-commerce industry and market in India. It then discusses the impact of e-commerce on the Indian economy, markets, and customers. It also analyzes the impact of e-commerce on traditional brick and mortar business models. The document reviews relevant literature and outlines the objectives and scope of the project. It provides a SWOT analysis of e-commerce and a theoretical perspective on competition between e-commerce and brick and mortar stores.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce in India. It begins with an introduction that defines e-commerce and discusses its various types such as B2B, B2C, C2C, and m-commerce. It then discusses the scope and growth of e-commerce in India, highlighting that the market size grew from $3.8 billion in 2009 to $12.6 billion in 2013. Key drivers of growth include the expanding internet and smartphone user base in India as well as rising living standards. The document also outlines various career opportunities in e-commerce fields and concludes by discussing advantages of e-commerce such as lower costs and improved productivity.
Its all about 'Possibility thinking', which is the secret of success and you can achieve anything under the Sun, with the power of possibility thinking.
good luck.
Challa S.S.J.Ram Phani
CTF (CAMI, USA)
Dear Students
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This document is a project report submitted by Divya Rajguru, a third year BCA student at Dezyne E'cole College in Ajmer, India on the topic of electronic commerce. It consists of an introduction and 8 chapters that discuss topics like the definition of e-commerce, the role of the world wide web, architectural frameworks for e-commerce, underlying technologies, network security, e-commerce companies, and a pictorial representation of the e-buying methodology. The student thanks their college and project guide for their assistance in completing this report.
George Elton Mayo was an Australian psychologist who conducted the famous Hawthorne Studies in the 1930s. The studies showed that factors like communication, teamwork, involvement in decision making, and acknowledging social needs improved worker motivation more than money. Mayo found that motivation depended on feeling important and having some freedom and choice. His research demonstrated the importance of understanding group dynamics in organizations to motivate different unofficial and official groups.
this slides are describing some of the motivation theory on managing human resource in the organization # download by request, please e-mail me if you need this slides on powerpoint
Vroom's Expectancy Theory of Motivation is summarized as follows:
[1] The theory proposes that motivation is a product of valence, expectancy, and instrumentality. Valence refers to how much value or preference one has for a particular outcome. Expectancy refers to one's belief that effort will lead to performance, and instrumentality refers to one's belief that performance will lead to outcomes.
[2] Motivation depends on expectations - people must believe their efforts will be rewarded. Unless there is a positive expectation of reward satisfying a need, one will not take action.
[3] Managers can motivate employees by offering rewards important to employees' needs and by creating positive expectations that effort will
This document discusses an academic project on electronic commerce submitted by Rahul Mathur, a third-year student of Bachelor of Computer Applications. It contains an acknowledgement and outlines the various chapters of the project report, including introductions to electronic commerce and the world wide web, the architectural framework for electronic commerce, and technology behind the web. It provides an overview of the changing retail industry and drivers for electronic commerce adoption.
This project report discusses electronic commerce (e-commerce). It defines e-commerce as business conducted over electronic networks like the internet. The report explains how e-commerce allows companies to establish online market presence and provides advantages for both businesses and consumers. It outlines the scope of e-commerce and lists the 10 best e-commerce companies in India, concluding that e-commerce has evolved to enable faster transactions through advanced internet technologies.
Transactional analysis is a technique used to understand interpersonal relationships and behavior, especially in organizations. It was introduced by Eric Berne and views personality and dynamics through ego states (parent, adult, child) and transactions between individuals. Key concepts include analysis of self-awareness using the Johari window model, understanding ego states and how they influence transactions, analyzing communication patterns and "games" people play, and identifying core beliefs about self and others through life positions and use of recognition ("stroking"). The goal is improved self-understanding and interpersonal relationships.
The document discusses online commerce and e-commerce. It outlines pros and cons of online shopping for both consumers and businesses. Some benefits include lower prices, convenience, and increased market reach globally. However, consumers cannot physically examine products and have slower problem resolution. Businesses have increased costs from 24/7 operations and competition lowering prices. The document asks questions about why consumers are turning to online shopping and how customers determine where to purchase items online based on factors like price, security, and recommendations.
This document provides an overview of an e-business course. The course objectives are to introduce concepts, tools, and approaches related to conducting business electronically and to help students develop skills for managing digital businesses. The course will cover topics like introduction to e-business, making functional areas e-business enabled, technologies for e-business, and decision support in e-business. Each topic is divided into multiple weeks, with each week focusing on a specific sub-topic or concept within that overall topic area.
This document provides an overview of an e-business course. It discusses key topics that will be covered in the course, including:
- Introduction to e-business and making functional areas e-business enabled through topics like e-procurement, e-marketing, and e-supply chain management.
- Technologies that enable e-business like the internet, web systems, security, and supply chain integration technologies.
- Decision support in e-business through web analytics, customer behavior modeling, auctions, and recommender systems.
It also outlines the course contents by week, with specific focus on making functional areas e-business enabled, e-business technologies, and decision support in e-business. Examples are provided
This document provides an overview of e-business and e-commerce. It defines e-business as the digital enablement of transactions and processes within a firm using information systems under the firm's control. E-business applications primarily involve applying digital technologies to internal business processes. E-commerce refers specifically to commercial activities involving an exchange of value over the internet. The document outlines different types of e-business models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, and consumer-to-consumer, as well as technology-based models like peer-to-peer and mobile commerce. It also discusses the benefits, limitations, and key aspects of e-business and e-commerce.
Some people use the terms "e-business" and "e-commerce" interchangeably. After all, they both involve business processes conducted electronically -- quite likely on the Internet. Others view e-commerce to be a subset of e-business.
E business and the it revolution-how to benefitSKALI Group
The document discusses the history and development of the internet and e-business. It explains that the internet started as a research project funded by the US Department of Defense. It then outlines how the internet was adopted rapidly once opened to the public, surpassing other technologies. The document also discusses how e-business has changed how businesses operate and consumers live, through more online interactions, mobile access, and digital transactions. Finally, it provides some examples of e-business models and strategies for companies to utilize e-business.
1. Section II of the final paper should fix any problems with Section I and include a focus on a business leader.
2. Students must complete the assignment individually.
3. The document provides instructions for completing Sections II and the final paper for an assignment. Students are told to resubmit Section I along with Section II as the final paper, and that Section II should emphasize a business leader. They are also reminded to complete the assignment individually.
The document discusses information systems in business. It defines an information system as a combination of people, hardware, software, networks and policies. It provides examples of information systems like communication systems and card catalogs. It then discusses a case study of Heidelberg, a printing press manufacturer, that developed smart, internet-connected products to optimize customers' operations and reduce costs through remote monitoring and maintenance.
This document provides an introduction to e-commerce, defining it as the use of electronic communications and digital information processing technology in business transactions. It discusses definitions of e-commerce, the differences between e-commerce and traditional commerce, characteristics of e-commerce such as automated processing, benefits like reduced costs and increased access to global markets, and technical issues regarding applying internet technologies to business problems and transactions.
The 21st Century Enterprise - The Future of Enterprise ITJosh Zarkin
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This document provides an overview of e-marketing, discussing key concepts like what e-marketing is, what e-business is, the emergence of technologies like the internet, and important environmental factors. It defines e-marketing as the application of information technologies to transform marketing strategies and more efficiently plan and execute marketing activities. E-business is defined as the continuous optimization of a firm's activities through digital technologies. Important environmental factors that influence e-marketing are discussed, including legal issues, emerging technologies, and different e-business markets like business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and business-to-government.
This document summarizes a presentation on electronic commerce (e-commerce). It defines e-commerce and e-business, discusses the key drivers and factors affecting e-commerce, the impacts and benefits of e-commerce for organizations, consumers, and society, as well as the limitations and barriers of e-commerce. It also covers classifications of e-commerce and was presented by Jitendra Kr Yadav from Ranchi University from 2012-2015.
Management World Orlando is a leading global event taking place November 16-20, 2008 in Orlando, Florida. The event will feature over 150 speakers across 3 dedicated summits on digital service transformation, revenue management and customer experience, and digital commerce and advertising. Attendees can learn about key issues like business and IT transformation, monetizing digital content, and the changing digital media landscape. Over 1,500 people from 50 countries attended in 2007.
Presentation To Seda Technology ProgrammeElton050505
The document discusses several topics related to global commercialization of ICT products and services:
1) Globalization has led to an interconnected global marketplace without barriers to technology and business spread worldwide.
2) ICT products and services now commercialized globally include point-of-sale systems, e-commerce platforms, internet and telecommunications infrastructure.
3) There is a shortage of over 37,000 ICT workers in South Africa across many roles like managers, analysts, programmers and technicians needed to support growing commercialization of ICT.
Here are some details about potential outsourcing decisions:
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- Size of outsourcing: Small teams or projects (5-10 employees), Large shared services centers (100+ employees), Multi-year outsourcing contracts (handling an entire business function)
- Type of outsourcing provider: Global outsourcing firms (e.g. Accenture, Infosys, Wipro), Regional/domestic
The document discusses e-business frameworks, concepts, methodologies, and technologies. It describes how e-business applications can enable activities like enterprise resource management, customer relationship management, and supply chain management. It also discusses e-business platforms, marketplaces, and the role of the internet in business strategy.
The document discusses the relationship between technology and business. It argues that technology is no longer separate from business but is instead fully integrated and essential. The author notes that all major business challenges today require technological solutions. The document examines how to organize information technology departments and make IT strategic and operationally excellent to create business value.
This document outlines the syllabus for a course on electronic commerce. The syllabus covers 8 units that examine different aspects of e-commerce, including consumer and business applications, electronic payment systems, electronic data interchange, intra-organizational e-commerce, digital marketing, consumer search and directories, and multimedia technologies as they relate to e-commerce. The document also provides an overview of key concepts in each unit, such as different types of e-commerce applications and frameworks, the anatomy of e-commerce systems, and the roles of multimedia content and storage servers in powering e-commerce applications.
Business Processes, The Enanlers Of Innovationtradepl
The document discusses business processes and how information and communication technologies (ICT) can impact innovation in business processes. It provides examples of how companies like Walmart, FedEx, and UPS have used ICT to improve key business processes and better serve customers. The document also discusses different layers of ICT architecture and how companies can leverage different layers to gain competitive advantages.
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𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
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A business may deal with both sales and purchases occasionally. They buy things from vendors and then sell them to their customers. Such dealings can be confusing at times. Because multiple clients may inquire about the same product at the same time, after purchasing those products, customers must be assigned to them. Odoo has a tool called Reception Report that can be used to complete this assignment. By enabling this, a reception report comes automatically after confirming a receipt, from which we can assign products to orders.
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These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
1. E – BUSINESS Model
IT
BUSINESS
INTERNET
Data processing
Storage,
Data processing
Storage,
NetworksInformation
sharing
NetworksInformation
sharing
Sound BIZ
model
Sound BIZ
model
2. E BUSINESS
Definition
• E-business is the conduct of business on the
Internet, not only buying and selling but
also servicing customers and collaborating
with business partners.
4. E BUSINESS
Definition
• E-business can broadly be defined as the processes
orareas involved in the running and operation of an
organisation that are electronic or digital in nature...........
These include
• direct business activities
• Such as marketing, sales and human resource management but also
indirect activities
• such as business process re-engineering and change management,
• which impact on the improvement in efficiency and integration of
business processes and activities.
5. OLD VS E BUSINESSOLD VS E BUSINESS
OLDOLD
• Brick& mortarBrick& mortar
• Internally focussedInternally focussed
process centricprocess centric
• Hierchical Set upsHierchical Set ups
• Arm length relationshipsArm length relationships
• Customers less informedCustomers less informed
E BIZE BIZ
• Click& MortarClick& Mortar
• Externally focusse –Externally focusse –
Goal CentricGoal Centric
• Cross functional setCross functional set
upsups
• NetworkedNetworked
relationshipsrelationships
• Customers moreCustomers more
informedinformed
6. RESULTS OF INTEGRATIONRESULTS OF INTEGRATION
E CommerceE Commerce
SCMSCM
CRMCRM
ERPERP
BPO/KPOBPO/KPO
MIS etcMIS etc
IT
BIZ MODELINTERNET
7. E commerce
Definition
Process of buying selling and exchange of
products services and information via
computer Network including Internet
8. E commerce
Definition
• Electronic Commerce (EC) is where
business transactions take place via
• telecommunications networks, especially
the Internet.
15. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
1.Technological factors – The degree of1.Technological factors – The degree of
advancement of the telecommunicationsadvancement of the telecommunications
infrastructure which provides access toinfrastructure which provides access to
the new technology for business andthe new technology for business and
consumers…consumers…
band width..band width..
Telecom infrastructure 3G,4G,Telecom infrastructure 3G,4G,
16. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
22 Political factors – including thePolitical factors – including the
role of government in creatingrole of government in creating
governmentgovernment
E-RedinessE-Rediness
E-legislation,E-legislation,
E-initiatives and funding to support the useE-initiatives and funding to support the use
and development of e-commerce andand development of e-commerce and
information technology. etcinformation technology. etc
17. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
33 Social factors – incorporating theSocial factors – incorporating the
level and advancement in ITlevel and advancement in IT
educationeducation
Skill level,Skill level,
PC penetration,andPC penetration,and
Training which will enable both potentialTraining which will enable both potential
buyers and the workforce To understandbuyers and the workforce To understand
and use the newand use the new
echnology.Technophilia..echnology.Technophilia..
18. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
44 Economic factors – including theEconomic factors – including the
general wealth and commercialgeneral wealth and commercial
healthhealth of the nation and the elementsof the nation and the elements
that contribute to it.that contribute to it.
GDP (India 7%,china 6.9%,pakistan4.1%)GDP (India 7%,china 6.9%,pakistan4.1%)
Cost of internet accessCost of internet access
Cost of IT toolsCost of IT tools
Economic growth etcEconomic growth etc
19. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
5.Organisational culture5.Organisational culture
–– attitudes to research and developmentattitudes to research and development
(R&D);(R&D);
E readyness-willingness to innovate and useE readyness-willingness to innovate and use
technology to achieve objectives.technology to achieve objectives.
20. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
6.6. Commercial benefitsCommercial benefits
cost savingscost savings
improved efficiencyimproved efficiency
Customer satisfactionCustomer satisfaction
........that impact on the financial........that impact on the financial
performance of the firm.performance of the firm.
21. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
7.Skilled and committed workforce7.Skilled and committed workforce
–– that understands,that understands,
- willing and able towilling and able to implement newimplement new
technologies and processes.technologies and processes.
22. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
88 Requirements of customers and suppliersRequirements of customers and suppliers
– in terms of product and service– in terms of product and service
demand and supply.demand and supply.
23. E COMMERCE…. Key driversE COMMERCE…. Key drivers
9.9.Competition – ensuring the organisationCompetition – ensuring the organisation
stays ahead of or at least keepsstays ahead of or at least keeps
up with competitors and industry leaders.up with competitors and industry leaders.
24. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
1.Marketing –1.Marketing –
Online advertising,Online advertising,
Global marketingGlobal marketing
marketing strategies -Dis intermedation..massmarketing strategies -Dis intermedation..mass
customisationcustomisation
Consumer behaviour and cultures.Consumer behaviour and cultures.
25. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
2.Production and operations management –2.Production and operations management –
The impact of on-line processingThe impact of on-line processing has led tohas led to
reduced cycle times. It takes seconds to processreduced cycle times. It takes seconds to process
orders/ deliver digitized products and servicesorders/ deliver digitized products and services
electronically;electronically;
26. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
Production and operations managementProduction and operations management
(manufacturing) –(manufacturing) –
moving frommoving from mass production(Push type) tomass production(Push type) to
demand-driven(Pull type),demand-driven(Pull type),
--
27. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
Production and operations managementProduction and operations management
E BiddingE Bidding
Sourcing through collaboration andSourcing through collaboration and
coordination(B2B)..Automobile companies forcoordination(B2B)..Automobile companies for
common supplies like tyre ,light etccommon supplies like tyre ,light etc
28. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
3. Management information systems –3. Management information systems –
analysis, design and implementationanalysis, design and implementation
of e-business systems within anof e-business systems within an
organisation; issues of integration oforganisation; issues of integration of
front-end and back-endfront-end and back-end
systems.Facilitates information flowssystems.Facilitates information flows
29. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
4.Human resource management –4.Human resource management –
issues of on-line recruiting,issues of on-line recruiting,
home working..home working..
30. E COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACTE COMMERCE…. IT’S IMPACT
5.5.Business law and ethics – the differentBusiness law and ethics – the different
legal and ethical issues that havelegal and ethical issues that have
arisen as a result of a global ‘virtual’arisen as a result of a global ‘virtual’
market. Issues such as ....market. Issues such as ....
copyright laws,copyright laws,
privacy of customer information,privacy of customer information,
legality of electronic contracts,etc..legality of electronic contracts,etc..
31. TYPES OF E COMMERCETYPES OF E COMMERCE
The major types of e-commerce are :The major types of e-commerce are :
1.1. B2C amazon.in.B2C amazon.in.
2.2. B2B alibaba.comB2B alibaba.com
3.3. C2C e bayC2C e bay
4.4. P2PP2P
5.5. B2G sbi.comB2G sbi.com
6.6. G2C keala.gov.inG2C keala.gov.in
7.7. M-CommerceM-Commerce
32. B2C E COMMERCEB2C E COMMERCE
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Between business and consumersBetween business and consumers
Large in terms of transactionLarge in terms of transaction
Enabled by internetEnabled by internet
33. B2C E COMMERCEB2C E COMMERCE
B2C : (Business-to-Consumer)B2C : (Business-to-Consumer)
Within the B2C category there are manyWithin the B2C category there are many
different types of business models: portals ,different types of business models: portals ,
online retailers , content providers , transactiononline retailers , content providers , transaction
brokers , market creators , service providers ,brokers , market creators , service providers ,
and community providers.and community providers.
34. B2C E commerceB2C E commerce
Management FocusManagement Focus
Managing HitsManaging Hits
ConnectivityConnectivity
Delivering ValueDelivering Value
Security issuesSecurity issues
35. B2C Critical success factorsB2C Critical success factors
COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURECOMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE
PROCESS MANAGEMENTPROCESS MANAGEMENT
SERVICE MANAGEMENTSERVICE MANAGEMENT
TRANSACTION CAPABILITIESTRANSACTION CAPABILITIES
36. B2C Critical Success Factors
COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE:
• Technical infrastructure
• PC penetration
• Processor features
40. B2B E COMMERCEB2B E COMMERCE
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Between business housesBetween business houses
Large in terms of valueLarge in terms of value
Represent major part of e commerce bizRepresent major part of e commerce biz
Enabled by extranet/vpn/internetEnabled by extranet/vpn/internet
41. B2B E COMMERCEB2B E COMMERCE
B2B MODELB2B MODEL
Between business housesBetween business houses
Large in terms of valueLarge in terms of value
Enabled by extranet/vpn/internetEnabled by extranet/vpn/internet
42. B2B E COMMERCEB2B E COMMERCE
B2B typesB2B types
BUYER CONTROLLED-Automobile companies join toBUYER CONTROLLED-Automobile companies join to
gather to obtain bids for compnantsgather to obtain bids for compnants
SELLER CONTROLLED-Group of sellers for a productSELLER CONTROLLED-Group of sellers for a product
join to gather to reduce price wars offer products –Egjoin to gather to reduce price wars offer products –Eg
agri marketingagri marketing
THIRD PART CONTROLLED-E commerce providerTHIRD PART CONTROLLED-E commerce provider
creates a platform where buyer and seller meets –creates a platform where buyer and seller meets –
alibaba.comalibaba.com
43. C2C E COMMERCEC2C E COMMERCE
Consumer-to-Consumer (C-to-C) In this categoryConsumer-to-Consumer (C-to-C) In this category
consumers interact directly-consumers interact directly-
They exchange information such as:They exchange information such as:
11 Expert knowledge where one person asks a question aboutExpert knowledge where one person asks a question about
anything andanything and gets an e-mail reply from the community of othergets an e-mail reply from the community of other
individuals, as in the case of theindividuals, as in the case of the New York Times-affiliatedNew York Times-affiliated
abuzz.com website.abuzz.com website.
2.2. Opinions about companies and products, for exampleOpinions about companies and products, for example
epinions.com.epinions.com.
33.Exchange of goods.Exchange of goods between people both with consumerbetween people both with consumer
auction sites such as e-bay.com OR Swapitshop.com,auction sites such as e-bay.com OR Swapitshop.com,
where individuals swap goods with each other without thewhere individuals swap goods with each other without the
exchange of moneyexchange of money
44. C2B E COMMERCEC2B E COMMERCE
Customer to BusinessCustomer to Business
CUSTOMER DRIVENCUSTOMER DRIVEN
Bids for requirements..airline tickets..Hotel accommodationBids for requirements..airline tickets..Hotel accommodation
Service providers negotiate and fix the dealService providers negotiate and fix the deal
Price line.com…elance.com..noukari.comPrice line.com…elance.com..noukari.com
45. G2B E COMMERCE
The exchange of information, services and products between
government agencies and business organisations.
• 1. Information, guidance and advice for business on
international trading,
• 2. A database of laws, regulations and government policy
for industry
• sectors.
• 3. On-line application and submission of official forms
(such as company
• and value added tax).
• 4. On-line payment facilities.
46. G2C E COMMERCEG2C E COMMERCE
Government-to-Consumer (G-to-B)Government-to-Consumer (G-to-B)
(Also known as e-governance).(Also known as e-governance).
GovernmentGovernment sites offering information,sites offering information,
forms and facilities to conductforms and facilities to conduct
transactions for individuals,transactions for individuals,
including paying bills and submittingincluding paying bills and submitting
official forms on-line such as tax returns.official forms on-line such as tax returns.
47. E COMMERCE positives
• 1.International marketplace.
• borderless marketplace
• businesses now have access to people all
around the world.
• e-commerce businesses have become virtual
multinational corporations.
48. E COMMERCE positives
• 2.Operational cost savings. The cost of
creating, processing, distributing,
• storing and retrieving paper-based
information has decreased
49. E COMMERCE positives
• 3.Mass customisation.
• The pull-type processing allows for
products and Introduction
• services to be customised to the customer’s
requirements
• Example - customers can configure a car
according to their specifications within
minutes on-line via the www.ford.com
website.
50. E COMMERCE positives
• 4.Enables reduced inventories and
overheads by facilitating ‘pull’-type supply
• chain management – this is based on
collecting the customer order and
• then delivering through JIT (just-in-time)
manufacturing/networking with supplier
51. E COMMERCE positives
• 5. Lower telecommunications cost.
• The Internet is much cheaper than
traditional communication systems
52. E COMMERCE positives
6.Digitisation of products and processes.
Particularly in the case of software
• and music/video products, which can be
downloaded or e-mailed directly
• to customers via the Internet in digital or
electronic format.
56. E COMMERCE SECURITYE COMMERCE SECURITY
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
Reduce system break downReduce system break down
Asset safeguardingAsset safeguarding
Maintain confidentialityMaintain confidentiality
Integrity and reliabilityIntegrity and reliability
Un interrupted serviceUn interrupted service
Comply with LawsComply with Laws
System effectiveness and efficencySystem effectiveness and efficency
57. E COMMERCE SECURITYE COMMERCE SECURITY
SECURITY THREATSSECURITY THREATS
1.EXTERNAL ATTACKS-Denial of Service1.EXTERNAL ATTACKS-Denial of Service
(DOS)(DOS)
2.Intrusion.. Gaining accesss-Pass word2.Intrusion.. Gaining accesss-Pass word
hacking/Social engineering..hacking/Social engineering..
3.Hacking/ Cracking3.Hacking/ Cracking
4.Sniffing networks4.Sniffing networks
5.Introducing Virus5.Introducing Virus
58. E COMMERCE SECURITYE COMMERCE SECURITY
SECURITY MEASURESSECURITY MEASURES
1.Security policies-COVERING HARDWARE/1.Security policies-COVERING HARDWARE/
SOFTWARE/ PEOPLESOFTWARE/ PEOPLE
2. Acccess control systems-Passwaords/Bio metric2. Acccess control systems-Passwaords/Bio metric
systemssystems
3. Fire walls-3. Fire walls-
4Authentication-Digital signatures4Authentication-Digital signatures
5. Encryption5. Encryption
6. Intrusion detection & monitoring software6. Intrusion detection & monitoring software