Dr. Mustafa Zuhair Mahmoud has degrees from several universities including a B.Sc from SUST in Khartoum, Sudan, an M.Sc from AAU in Khartoum and JUREI in Philadelphia, and a Ph.D from Ludes in Lugano, Swiss and SUST in Khartoum. The document provides a quick anatomical review of the digestive system including the alimentary canal and accessory glands. It then discusses digestive system radiography including indications for imaging the upper and lower GI tract, contrast media, and patient preparation for procedures like barium swallow, barium meal, barium follow through, and barium enema.

2. Dr. Mustafa Zuhair Mahmoud
B.Sc; SUST {Khartoum, Sudan}
M.Sc; AAU {Khartoum, Sudan} & JUREI {Philadelphia, USA}
Ph.D, Ludes {Lugano, Swiss}
Ph.D, SUST {Khartoum, Sudan}

3. Digestive
System
Radiography

4. Quick Anatomical Review:
Digestive System
 The
Digestive System consist of two parts:
Alimentary Canal.
Accessory Glands.

5. Quick Anatomical Review:

The Alimentary Canal include:
 Mouth, pharynx & esophagus.
 Stomach.
 Small intestine.
 Large intestine.

6. Quick Anatomical Review:

The Accessory Glands include:
 Salivary glands.
 Liver & gallbladder.
 Pancreas.

7. Mouth, Pharynx & Esophagus:

8. Mouth, Pharynx & Esophagus:

9. Stomach:

10. Duodenum:

11. Jejunum & Ileum:

12. Large Intestine:

13. Large Intestine:

14. What Is Digestive System
Radiography??

Gastrointestinal tract radiography, is an x-ray
examination of the elementary canal that uses
a special form of x-ray called fluoroscopy and
an orally ingested contrast media called
barium.

Fluoroscopy makes it possible to see internal
organs in motion. When the GI tract is coated
with barium, the radiologist is able to view and
assess the anatomy and function of the
digestive system.

15. Contrast Media:

The contrast media used is Barium Sulphate.

16. Indications For Imaging (Upper GIT):

An upper GI examination helps evaluate
digestive function and to detect:
Ulcers.
 Tumours.
 Inflammation of the esophagus, stomach and
duodenum.
 Hiatal hernias.
 Blockages.
 Abnormalities of the muscular wall of GI tissues.
 Difficulty swallowing.
 Blood in the stool (indicating internal GI bleeding).


17. Indications For Imaging (Lower GIT):

The lower GI examination helps evaluate
digestive function and to detect:
Tumors.
 Causes of other intestinal illnesses.
 Chronic diarrhea.
 Blood in stools.
 Constipation.
 IBS (irritable bowel syndrome).
 Unexplained weight loss.


18. Patients Preparation:

For upper GI tract:

To ensure the best possible image quality, stomach
must be empty of food.

Women should always inform their physician or xray technologist if there is any possibility that they
are pregnant.

19. Patients Preparation:

For lower GI tract:

On the day before the procedure you will likely be
asked not to eat, and to drink only clear liquids.

Women should always inform their physician or xray technologist if there is any possibility that they
are pregnant.

20. Esophagus
Radiograph
y
Especial Radiographic Examination of the
Esophagus Name as Barium Swallow.

21. Barium Swallow, A.P Projection

22. Barium Swallow, Lat. Projection

23. Barium Swallow, Rt. Anterior Oblique Position

24. Stomach
Radiograph
y
Especial Radiographic Examination of the Stomach
Name as Barium Meal.

25. Barium Meal, Rt. Anterior Oblique Position

27. Barium Meal, Lt. Posterior Oblique Position

29. Barium Meal, Lat. Projection

31. Small
Intestine
Radiograph
y
Especial Radiographic Examination of the SmallIntestine Name as Barium Follow-Through.

32. Barium FollowThrough, 15min
A.P Projection Film

33. Barium FollowThrough, 30min
A.P Projection Film

34. Barium FollowThrough, 1hours
A.P Projection Film

35. Barium FollowThrough, 2hours
A.P Projection Film

36. Barium FollowThrough, Lt.
Posterior Oblique
Position

37. Large
Intestine
Radiograph
y
Especial Radiographic Examination of the LargeIntestine Name as Barium Enema.

38. Filling Colon With Barium:

39. Lat. Projection, Barium Enema

41. A.P Projection, Barium Enema

43. Lt. Posterior Oblique, Barium Enema

45. Rt. Posterior Oblique, Barium Enema