Development of Urinary Bladder
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During weeks 4-7 of development, the urogenital sinus divides into the urogenital sinus anteriorly and the anal canal posteriorly by the urorectal septum. The bladder develops from the upper part of the urogenital sinus and is connected to the allantois. The ureters initially develop as outgrowths from the mesonephric ducts and later enter the bladder separately, contributing to formation of the trigone. Malformations can occur if development of the bladder or attachment of the ureters is abnormal, such as urachal fistulas, urachal sinuses, urachal cysts, or abnormal ureter attachment.
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Development of foregut
1. The document discusses the development of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) from the primitive gut tube through formation of the foregut, midgut, and hindgut.
2. Key stages of development include rotation of the stomach and duodenum, formation of the liver and pancreas from endodermal buds, and development of associated structures like the dorsal and ventral mesenteries.
3. Common congenital anomalies are discussed, such as esophageal atresia, annular pancreas, and intestinal atresia, which result from failures or deviations in the normal developmental processes.
Urinary bladder and urethra
The urinary bladder is a musculomembranous sac located in the pelvis that acts as a reservoir for urine. The bladder expands upward into the abdomen as it fills with urine. The urethra begins at the base of the bladder and exits through the urethral orifice, differing in length and path between males and females. The bladder and urethra are supplied by nerves from the pelvic plexus and receive blood from the internal iliac arteries.
Ureter
The ureters are thin-walled muscular tubes that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. They have three parts: the pelvic, abdominal, and pelvic parts. The ureters begin in the renal pelvis in the kidneys and travel downwards and medially through the abdomen and pelvis before piercing the bladder wall and opening into the bladder trigone. Their course and relations are described.
Development and congenital anomalies of urogenital system
The document discusses development and congenital anomalies of the urogenital system. It begins by explaining how the urinary and genital systems develop from a common ridge in the embryo and open into a common channel, the cloaca. It then describes the development of the three kidney systems - pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. Next, it discusses anomalies that can occur, including anomalies of form (agenesis, hypoplasia, supernumerary kidneys), position (malrotation, ectopic kidneys), and fusion (horseshoe kidney, crossed fused renal ectopia, cake kidney). It concludes by covering congenital cystic renal diseases and the approach to differentiating them using ultrasound findings
DEVELOPMENT OF GIT AND CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF GIT
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DEVELOPMENT , CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS , ANOMALIES , GERD , NELSON , PEDIATRICS , NELSON
Excretory system
The excretory system removes waste from the body through excretion. The kidneys are key excretory organs that filter waste like carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogenous waste from the blood to produce urine. The urine passes from the kidneys through ureters to the urinary bladder, where it is temporarily stored before leaving the body through the urethra. The nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys that filter the blood and produce urine, consisting of a glomerulus surrounded by Bowman's capsule and tubules.
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Structure and development of Urinary bladder by Dr. Tatheer
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DEVELOPMENT OF GIT AND CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF GIT
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Development of Urinary Bladder
- 1. Development of urinary bladder DiNa Maklad 471
- 2. During the 4th to the 7th weeks of development, divides into the urogenital sinus anteriorly and the anal canal posteriorly by the urorectal septum
- 3. The bladder develops from the upper part of the urogenital sinus and is connected with the allantois.
- 5. During differentiation of the cloaca, the caudal portions of the mesonephric ducts are absorbed into the wall of the urinary bladder. Consequently, the ureters, initially outgrowths from the mesonephric ducts, enter the bladder separately. Trigone develops .
- 7. Trigone
- 9. Malformations related to the development of the bladder Urachal fistulas Urachal Sinuses Urachal cysts
- 10. Malformations related to the development of the bladder Abnormal attachment of the ureters