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![Male urethra
• It is 18-20 cm in length
Extends from internal urethral orifice(in
bladder
to
external urethral orifice (meatus)
[ at the tip of glans penis]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-5-320.jpg)
![PARTS OF URETHRA
• Two parts—
• 1] Posterior urethra (proximal urethra)
• 2] Anterior urethra (distal urethra)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-9-320.jpg)
![PARTS OF URETHRA……
1] Posterior urethra
(proximal urethra)- near
to bladder
i) 4cm in length
ii) Lies in the pelvis
iii) It has 3 parts-----
a) pre-prostatic part—b/w
bladder & prostate
b) prostatic part—within
prostate
c) membranous part–
through perineal
membrane](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-10-320.jpg)
![PARTS OF URETHRA……
2] Anterior urethra (distal
urethra)---
i) 16 cm long
i) Lies in perineum &
penis
ii) It has 2 parts--
a) bulbar urethra–
within bulb of penis
b)penile/pendulus
urethra/spongy urethra
–
--within body of penis](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-11-320.jpg)
![Lymphatic drainage
i)prostatic urethra---- internal iliac LN
ii)membranous urethra---- internal iliac LN
iii) anterior urethra--&glans ---deep inguinal LN
Nerve supply— by autonomic nerve mainly
i-sympathetic fibres from superior hypogastric
plexus [L1-L2segment]
ii-parasympathetic fibres-S2 to S4 sp. Segments
iii-somatic fibres from pudendal nerves
Source of development— vesicourethral canal of
primitive urogenital sinus](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-24-320.jpg)
![PARTS OF URETHRA
• Two parts—
1] Posterior urethra (proximal urethra)- near to bladder
i) short , 4cm in length
ii) Lies in the pelvis
iii) It has 3 parts
a) pre-prostatic part—b/w bladder & prostate
b) prostatic part—within prostate
c)membranous part– through perineal
membrane
2] Anterior urethra (distal urethra)
i) Long , 16 cm long
ii) Lies in perineum & penis
iii) It has 2 parts--
a) bulbar urethra– within bulb of penis
b)penile/pendulus urethra/spongy urethra –
within body of penis](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/urethra-170529044257/85/Urethra-52-320.jpg)
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More from Rohit Paswan
Urethra
- 1.
- 2. URETHRA • A tubularstructure emerging from the neck of bladder and opens to the exterior • It is outlet of bladder & eliminates urine to outside • Present in both male & female but there are some differences b/w the two
- 3. differenceMale urethra 1 Long 2Length= 18- 20 cm 3 Function— i) urination ii) ejaculation of semen 4 Course– curved (double) Female urethra 1 Short,, 2 Length= 4 cm 3 Function—only urination 4 Course– nearly straight 5 Foley cathetarisation is easy
- 4. Foley catheter inurethra male female
- 5. Male urethra • Itis 18-20 cm in length Extends from internal urethral orifice(in bladder to external urethral orifice (meatus) [ at the tip of glans penis]
- 6. Course------ is notstraight -------is curved( double) emerges from the neck of urinary bladder enters into prostate passes through the urogenital diaphragm enters into bulb of penis then body of penis • ---finally opens at the tip of glans penis simplified fig.
- 7.
- 8. How to insertfoleys catheter & why you have to lift up the penis to insert foley catheter
- 9. PARTS OF URETHRA •Two parts— • 1] Posterior urethra (proximal urethra) • 2] Anterior urethra (distal urethra)
- 10. PARTS OF URETHRA…… 1]Posterior urethra (proximal urethra)- near to bladder i) 4cm in length ii) Lies in the pelvis iii) It has 3 parts----- a) pre-prostatic part—b/w bladder & prostate b) prostatic part—within prostate c) membranous part– through perineal membrane
- 11. PARTS OF URETHRA…… 2]Anterior urethra (distal urethra)--- i) 16 cm long i) Lies in perineum & penis ii) It has 2 parts-- a) bulbar urethra– within bulb of penis b)penile/pendulus urethra/spongy urethra – --within body of penis
- 12.
- 13. features of eachpart
- 14. 1. pre-prostatic part i)1-1.5 cm in length ii) Extends vertically from bladder neck to prostate iii) Surrounded by proximal/internal urethral sphincter --- made up of smooth muscle bundle iv) Function of internal urethral sphincter— a) maintains the urinary continence b) prevents retrograde flow of seminal ejaculate into bladder v) Applied– this part can be damage by a) bladder neck surgery, b) TURP(transurethral resection of prostate) vi) So retrograde ejaculation of semen occur in such patient ,, may lead to infertility
- 15.
- 16. 2. prostatic part i)3-4 cm in length ii) It passes through the substance of prostate iii) Posterior wall of this part– presents a) urethral crest – midline ridge/mucosal fold b) prostatic sinus– depression on both side of crest ----prostatic ducts –open in sinus c) verumontanum / colliculus seminalis– ---an elevation at urethral crest,, ---- prostatic utricle open here ----- ejaculatory duct – open here * prostatic utricle – small blind sac,,develop from paramesonephric duct or urogenital sinus,, homologus to vagina of female,, also k/a vagina musculine *Ejaculatory duct= vas deferens + duct of seminal vesicle
- 17.
- 18.
- 19. 3. Membranous part i)shortest part ,, 1.5 cm long ii) 2nd most narrowest part (most narrowest part is external urethral orifice) iii) Passes through perineal membrane iv) surrounded by distal / external urethral sphincter -----has voluntary control -----maintains urinary continence ---made up of urethral smooth muscle,,urethral striated muscle,,pubourethral part of levator ani muscle
- 20. 4.Anterior urethra • Itextends from membranous urethra to external urethral orifice . 1) bulbar urethra– ---lies in the bulbospongiosus (of penis) ---widest part of urethra ---Bulbourethral glands open in it 2)Penile urethra- ---lies in corpus spongiosum --- its terminal part is dilated in glans penis –k/a navicular fossa --- numerous urethral glands open in it bulbar urethra navicular fossa
- 21. SPHINCTERS OF URETHRA •TWO— 1 internal urethral sphincter— ---is involuntary ----surrounds internal urethral orifice & preprostatic urethra 2 external urethral sphincter– --- is voluntary ---surrounds membranous urethra
- 22. Transverse section ofdifferent part of urethra i) pre- prostatic part– stellate shape-- ii) prostatic part– crescentic shape/semilunar- iii) membranous part--- stellate shape iv) bulbar & penile part– transverse slit shape v) external urethral orifice– sagittal slit shape **Significance of different shape is ---- ----Mentain the continuous stream of urine flow ( projectile stream)
- 23. Arterial supply 1) urethralartery– br. of internal pudendal artery 2) dorsal artery of penis- br. of internal pudendal artery Venous drainage--- 1) Anterior urethra—drained by dorsal vein of penis----internal pudendal vein--- prostatic venous plexus 2)Posterior urethra— drained by prostatic and vesicle -venous plexus-----internal iliac veins
- 24. Lymphatic drainage i)prostatic urethra----internal iliac LN ii)membranous urethra---- internal iliac LN iii) anterior urethra--&glans ---deep inguinal LN Nerve supply— by autonomic nerve mainly i-sympathetic fibres from superior hypogastric plexus [L1-L2segment] ii-parasympathetic fibres-S2 to S4 sp. Segments iii-somatic fibres from pudendal nerves Source of development— vesicourethral canal of primitive urogenital sinus
- 25. applied 1-urethritis– infection & inflammationof urethra --N.gonorrhoea 2 rupture of urethra– ------due to injury by a fall astride/straddle 3 hypospadias—urethra opens at under surface(ventral)of penis 4 epispadias– urethra opens on the dorsum of penis *fall astride= fall on surface keeping legs apart so that injury goes to perineum
- 26. 3 . hypospadias—urethraopens at under surface(ventral)of penis
- 27. 4 .epispadias– urethraopens on the dorsum of penis
- 28. Q. From AIPGMEExam.
- 33. FEMALE URETHRA • Itis 4cm long & 6mm in width • Homologus to prostatic urethra • It begins from internal urethral orifice and passes downwards & forwards • Opens in the vestibule b/w clitoris & vaginal orifice • Ext. urethral opening lies 2.5 cm behind the glans clitoris *clitoris = homologus organ to penis
- 34.
- 35.
- 36. Sphincter of femaleurethra • It has also internal & external urethral sphincter
- 37. Glands around thefemale urethra • These glands open in female urethra— 1 urethral glands– mucous glands 2 para-urethral glands== corresponds to prostate 3 greater vestibular glands—
- 38. Arterial supply i) superiorvesicalartery ii) vaginal artery • Venous drainage— --- Through vesical venous plexus into internal pudendal vein • Lymphatic drainage— ---Internal and external iliac lymph node • Nerve supply— ---By sympathetic,, parasympathetic & somatic narve fibres Applied– urethritis ,, rupture of urethra d/t injury
- 39. Epithelium of urethra •Epithelium of urethra – Transitional epithelium at the proximal end (near the bladder) – Stratified and pseudostratified columnar – mid urethra (in males) – Stratified squamous epithelium at the distal end (near the urethral opening)
- 44.
- 52. PARTS OF URETHRA •Two parts— 1] Posterior urethra (proximal urethra)- near to bladder i) short , 4cm in length ii) Lies in the pelvis iii) It has 3 parts a) pre-prostatic part—b/w bladder & prostate b) prostatic part—within prostate c)membranous part– through perineal membrane 2] Anterior urethra (distal urethra) i) Long , 16 cm long ii) Lies in perineum & penis iii) It has 2 parts-- a) bulbar urethra– within bulb of penis b)penile/pendulus urethra/spongy urethra – within body of penis
- 54.
- 55. function • Kidney– formationof urine • Ureter– carrying of urine from kidney to bladder • Urinary bladder– storage of urine • Urethra– voiding /elimination of urine
- 56.