The document discusses improving the buckling strength of connecting rods used in light vehicles. It analyzes different materials that could replace existing steel materials, including aluminum, titanium, C70 steel, and high-strength carbon fiber. The goal is to find new materials that can increase buckling strength while reducing weight. A 3D model of a connecting rod is created in SolidWorks and a static structural analysis is performed in ANSYS to determine the enhancement to mechanical properties from composite reinforcement under buckling loads. Results for existing steel materials are compared to other materials considered. The analysis aims to reduce connecting rod weight and improve buckling properties.
Finite Element Analysis of Connecting Rod for Two Wheeler and Optimization of...IRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of a connecting rod for a two-wheeler under static load conditions. A connecting rod from a Hero Splendor motorcycle was modeled in CREO and analyzed in ANSYS. Two materials, C70S6 steel and structural steel, were considered. For each material, the maximum and minimum von Mises stress, principal stress, elastic strain, shear stress, and total deformation under an applied load of 677N were determined. For C70S6 steel, the maximum total deformation was 0.01271 mm and minimum was 0.00164 mm. The maximum elastic strain was 1.960×10^-4 and minimum was 4.218×10^-6. For structural steel,
IRJET- Optimum Design of a Trailer Chassis to Overcome Failures of Welded Joi...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the finite element analysis of a trailer chassis to optimize its design and overcome failures in welded joints.
2) A CAD model of the chassis was created in SolidWorks and imported into ANSYS for finite element analysis to simulate loads and study stress distributions.
3) The analysis found high stresses at welded joints connecting cross members to the main frame, indicating these are failure points. Optimizing the chassis design could improve maintenance needs and reduce costs by extending the lifespan.
Finite Element Analysis of Connecting rod for Internal Combustion Engines: A ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on finite element analysis of connecting rods for internal combustion engines. It discusses how connecting rods transmit forces between the piston and crankshaft. The document summarizes various studies that analyzed connecting rod design, materials, stresses, and optimization using modeling software. It describes how connecting rods can be made of steel, aluminum alloys, or composites and discusses efforts to reduce weight and cost while improving strength and fatigue life through material selection and design optimization. The goal of the research discussed is to better understand connecting rod behavior under dynamic loading and explore opportunities to improve engine performance and efficiency.
Design and analysis of composite leaf spring for TATA 407 truckIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on designing and analyzing a composite leaf spring for a Tata 407 truck to reduce weight. It discusses:
1) Conducting a static analysis of various composite materials (carbon epoxy, Kevlar epoxy, E-glass epoxy) and comparing them to structural steel.
2) Carbon epoxy showed the lowest deflection under load and highest weight reduction compared to steel (77.07%), making it the best material.
3) Load-deflection, stress, strain, and energy absorption graphs showed carbon epoxy performed similarly to steel but was lighter.
4) Replacing the steel leaf spring with a carbon epoxy composite could significantly
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Helical Spring using Composite MaterialsIRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and analysis of a helical spring using composite materials. It aims to compare results of composite springs to existing steel springs. A 3D model of the spring is created in Creo and analyzed in ANSYS. Experimental testing of prototypes will be conducted for different composite materials and results will be compared to the finite element analysis under the same loading conditions. The goal is to evaluate if composite materials like glass fiber and sisal fiber can reduce the weight of helical springs without reducing load capacity or flexibility compared to conventional ASTM A227 steel springs currently used in suspension systems.
Analysis of Energy Absorption Tubes (Crush Can)IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the energy absorption of different tube designs through finite element analysis. It summarizes that square, circular, rectangular, and square tubes with holes were modeled and subjected to axial impact loading at 15 m/s. The square tube absorbed the most energy by reducing the initial peak force and increasing progressive crushing. Validation experiments were also conducted on an aluminum tube under quasi-static loading, with the force-displacement curve and failure modes matching FEA results. The analysis concludes circular and rectangular tubes perform similarly in absorbing energy through axial loading, while the square tube with holes minimizes initial peak force to reduce occupant harm.
Modeling and Stress Analysis Of Crankshaft Using FEM Package ANSYSIRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of a crankshaft using ANSYS. A 3D model of the crankshaft is created in Solidworks and meshed in Hyperworks. Static structural analysis is performed in ANSYS for different materials, including structural steel, Inconel x750, and Al6061. Boundary conditions are applied to simulate supports, and pressure is applied to the crankpin. Results such as total deformation, von Mises stress, and shear stress are obtained and compared for the different materials.
Investigation and Optimization of two cylinder crankshaft by FE AnalysisIRJET Journal
This document discusses a finite element analysis of a two cylinder crankshaft. A 3D model of a forged steel crankshaft was created in CATIA software and analyzed in ANSYS. Static structural analysis found that the maximum von Mises stress was 166.67 MPa for the original design and 110 MPa for the optimized design, below the allowable stress level. The maximum total deformation was 0.125mm. Fatigue analysis determined the life, damage, and safety factor of the crankshaft. Dynamic vibration analysis calculated the natural frequencies at different vibration modes. The study aimed to reduce stress and increase the life of the crankshaft through optimization of parameters like web thickness and fillet radius.
Finite Element Analysis of Connecting Rod for Two Wheeler and Optimization of...IRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of a connecting rod for a two-wheeler under static load conditions. A connecting rod from a Hero Splendor motorcycle was modeled in CREO and analyzed in ANSYS. Two materials, C70S6 steel and structural steel, were considered. For each material, the maximum and minimum von Mises stress, principal stress, elastic strain, shear stress, and total deformation under an applied load of 677N were determined. For C70S6 steel, the maximum total deformation was 0.01271 mm and minimum was 0.00164 mm. The maximum elastic strain was 1.960×10^-4 and minimum was 4.218×10^-6. For structural steel,
IRJET- Optimum Design of a Trailer Chassis to Overcome Failures of Welded Joi...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the finite element analysis of a trailer chassis to optimize its design and overcome failures in welded joints.
2) A CAD model of the chassis was created in SolidWorks and imported into ANSYS for finite element analysis to simulate loads and study stress distributions.
3) The analysis found high stresses at welded joints connecting cross members to the main frame, indicating these are failure points. Optimizing the chassis design could improve maintenance needs and reduce costs by extending the lifespan.
Finite Element Analysis of Connecting rod for Internal Combustion Engines: A ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews research on finite element analysis of connecting rods for internal combustion engines. It discusses how connecting rods transmit forces between the piston and crankshaft. The document summarizes various studies that analyzed connecting rod design, materials, stresses, and optimization using modeling software. It describes how connecting rods can be made of steel, aluminum alloys, or composites and discusses efforts to reduce weight and cost while improving strength and fatigue life through material selection and design optimization. The goal of the research discussed is to better understand connecting rod behavior under dynamic loading and explore opportunities to improve engine performance and efficiency.
Design and analysis of composite leaf spring for TATA 407 truckIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on designing and analyzing a composite leaf spring for a Tata 407 truck to reduce weight. It discusses:
1) Conducting a static analysis of various composite materials (carbon epoxy, Kevlar epoxy, E-glass epoxy) and comparing them to structural steel.
2) Carbon epoxy showed the lowest deflection under load and highest weight reduction compared to steel (77.07%), making it the best material.
3) Load-deflection, stress, strain, and energy absorption graphs showed carbon epoxy performed similarly to steel but was lighter.
4) Replacing the steel leaf spring with a carbon epoxy composite could significantly
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Helical Spring using Composite MaterialsIRJET Journal
The document discusses the design and analysis of a helical spring using composite materials. It aims to compare results of composite springs to existing steel springs. A 3D model of the spring is created in Creo and analyzed in ANSYS. Experimental testing of prototypes will be conducted for different composite materials and results will be compared to the finite element analysis under the same loading conditions. The goal is to evaluate if composite materials like glass fiber and sisal fiber can reduce the weight of helical springs without reducing load capacity or flexibility compared to conventional ASTM A227 steel springs currently used in suspension systems.
Analysis of Energy Absorption Tubes (Crush Can)IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the energy absorption of different tube designs through finite element analysis. It summarizes that square, circular, rectangular, and square tubes with holes were modeled and subjected to axial impact loading at 15 m/s. The square tube absorbed the most energy by reducing the initial peak force and increasing progressive crushing. Validation experiments were also conducted on an aluminum tube under quasi-static loading, with the force-displacement curve and failure modes matching FEA results. The analysis concludes circular and rectangular tubes perform similarly in absorbing energy through axial loading, while the square tube with holes minimizes initial peak force to reduce occupant harm.
Modeling and Stress Analysis Of Crankshaft Using FEM Package ANSYSIRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of a crankshaft using ANSYS. A 3D model of the crankshaft is created in Solidworks and meshed in Hyperworks. Static structural analysis is performed in ANSYS for different materials, including structural steel, Inconel x750, and Al6061. Boundary conditions are applied to simulate supports, and pressure is applied to the crankpin. Results such as total deformation, von Mises stress, and shear stress are obtained and compared for the different materials.
Investigation and Optimization of two cylinder crankshaft by FE AnalysisIRJET Journal
This document discusses a finite element analysis of a two cylinder crankshaft. A 3D model of a forged steel crankshaft was created in CATIA software and analyzed in ANSYS. Static structural analysis found that the maximum von Mises stress was 166.67 MPa for the original design and 110 MPa for the optimized design, below the allowable stress level. The maximum total deformation was 0.125mm. Fatigue analysis determined the life, damage, and safety factor of the crankshaft. Dynamic vibration analysis calculated the natural frequencies at different vibration modes. The study aimed to reduce stress and increase the life of the crankshaft through optimization of parameters like web thickness and fillet radius.
This document discusses failure analysis of bearing cups in drive shaft assemblies. It aims to find a cost-effective solution to eliminate bearing cup cracking during assembly of universal joints. Various heat treatment processes are considered and carbonitriding is identified as the optimal process. It reduces bearing cup failure and manufacturing costs compared to other options like case hardening. A systematic methodology is applied, including understanding the current problem, analysis using wear testing and FEA, and implementing and confirming the effects of carbonitriding as a corrective measure.
1.a literature review on composite material for drive shaftEditorJST
A drive shaft is a pivoting part that transmits control from the motor to the differential apparatus of a
back wheel drive vehicles. The steel driveshaft is utilized as a part of car, these days this steel drive shaft is
supplanted by composite material drive shaft. It has been demonstrated that composite drive shafts are
successful in over-coming the confinements, for example, weight, vibrational qualities and basic speed. Their
flexible properties can be tailored to increase the torque as well as the rotational speed at which they operate.
The drive shafts are used in automotive ,aircraft and aerospace applications. The automotive industry is
exploiting composite material technology for structural components construction in order to obtain there
reduction of the weight without decrease in vehicle quality and reliability. The drive shafts are utilized as a part
of car, air ship and aviation applications. It is known that energy conservation is one of the most important
Indeed, the very way of the composite materials (fiber and resinous fastener) permits drive-shafts to be intended
to meet particular basic operational characteristics ,and accordingly custom fitted to coordinate the prerequisites
of individual applications. The consequence of this are utilized for demonstrating of carbon/epoxy composite
drive shaft and steel drive shaft utilizing CAD programming to perform static, clasping and modular
examination of both drive shaft utilizing ANSYS programming.
IRJET- Transient Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of a Piston in an Automobi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed transient dynamic analysis and optimization of a piston in an automobile engine. The study used finite element analysis software to create a 3D model of the piston, apply appropriate loads and boundary conditions, and analyze stresses, natural frequencies, mode shapes, and transient dynamic response. The analysis found the maximum stresses on the piston to be 280 MPa under static loading. Modal analysis determined the first three natural frequencies. Transient dynamic analysis calculated a maximum dynamic displacement of 1.66 mm with a dynamic amplification factor of 1.3 under loading over 4.9 milliseconds. Finally, optimization was performed to reduce piston weight and size without affecting its characteristics or increasing stresses beyond safe limits.
Compound Chain Drive Transmission System for Automotive VehiclesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on designing a compound chain drive transmission system for an all-terrain vehicle. The system uses a compound arrangement of sprockets and chains to achieve a higher overall gear ratio of 4.57 within the space constraints. Finite element analysis was conducted on the aluminum alloy compound hubs to validate stresses remained below yield levels under maximum torque loads. The compound drive design improved the vehicle's torque, speed, and efficiency while meeting the objectives of reduced weight and safer design.
Review on Design and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document reviews the design and analysis of connecting rods used in two-wheeler engines. It begins with an abstract summarizing the goal of modifying an existing connecting rod design to reduce weight while satisfying design constraints. It then provides a literature review of previous research on connecting rod design and analysis, materials selection, and optimization. This includes analyzing different materials and designs using methods like finite element analysis. The document concludes by stating that most studies found aluminum alloys provided benefits like reduced weight, stress, and strain compared to traditional steel designs.
IRJET-Design, Analysis and Weight Optimization of Leaf Spring for Light Weigh...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the design, analysis and weight optimization of leaf springs for light vehicles. The researchers modeled two different designs of a leaf spring using CREO 2.0 software and analyzed them using HYPERWORKS. The analysis found weight reductions of 14.47% for 55Si2Mn90 steel and 14.37% for 50CrV4 steel by incorporating holes into the leaf spring design. Finite element analysis showed von Mises stresses were 12.91% lower for 50CrV4 and 18.21% lower for 55Si2Mn90 with the optimized hole design compared to the original design under the same loading conditions. The study concluded the hole design successfully reduced weight by over 14%
Design And Optimization Of Chassis Of All Terrain VehicleIRJET Journal
1) The document describes the design and optimization of a chassis for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV). Finite element analysis was used to determine stress levels and displacement when loads are applied.
2) Various chassis frame designs were considered and a tubular space frame design was selected for its multi-directional impact safety. Materials like chromoly 4130 steel were chosen for its strength, availability, and weldability.
3) A methodology is described for building the chassis, modeling it, and factors considered like safety, comfort, and optimization. Calculations were done to determine maximum bending moments and select a material thickness. A torsional rigidity test of the chassis design is also described.
Design and Finite element analysis for static and dynamic behaviour of compos...Salim Malik
This document discusses the design and finite element analysis of composite drive shafts. It begins with an introduction to drive shafts, their types, and components like universal joints and constant velocity joints. It then discusses composite materials, their advantages over other materials, and common types. It also covers failure theories like the von-Mises stress theory. The document reviews past literature on composite drive shaft design and analysis. It examines factors of safety and concludes with discussing the objectives of analyzing the static and dynamic behavior of composite drive shafts.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING ROD OF MG-ALLOY ijiert bestjournal
The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production,critical component. It co nnects reciprocating piston to rotating crankshaft,transmitting the thrust of the piston to the crankshaft. Every vehicle that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod depending upon the number of cylinders in the engine. As the purp ose of the connecting rod is to transfer the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft. Connecting ro ds for automotive applications are typically manufactured by forging from either w rought steel or powdered metal. the material used f or this process is Mg-Alloy and also finite element analysis of connecting rod
Finite element analysis of engine mounting bracket by considering pretension ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bracket is one of the important components of an engine mount assembly, heavy performance truck has their engine supported by bracket and this engine mounting brackets assembly is used in chassis front frame which has been designed as a framework to support engine along with transmission member. The main function of the engine mount bracket is to properly balance the engine and transmission on the vehicle chassis, engine mount is an important part of the vehicle to reduce the vibration and noise, by which smooth ride of the vehicle can be achieved. Vibration and strength of engine bracket has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are severe and excessive. The present work focuses on the FEA analysis of engine mount bracket for three materials by using meshing and analysis software which are HYPERMESH and ABACUS, the materials used are cast iron, wrought iron and mild steel, modal analysis and static analysis carried out by which maximum von-misses stress and natural frequency are computed. The main objective is to select the best material from the obtained result under prescribed conditions. Key Words: Engine mount bracket, Vehicle chassis, Modal & Static analysis, pretension load, & Service load.
IRJET- Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod of 4 Stroke Petrol Engine by usi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that performed finite element analysis on the connecting rod of a 4-stroke petrol engine to determine stresses, strains, and safety factors when using two different materials - AISI 1070 steel and AISI 4337 steel. The connecting rod model was created in SolidWorks and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench. The analysis results showed the design was safe under the given loading conditions and can help minimize future maintenance needs. The study aims to identify failure-prone areas and optimize the connecting rod design.
Design Evaluation and Optimization of IC Engine Connecting Rods '“ A Reviewijtsrd
Fatigue analysis and Optimization of connecting rod are the modern trend in automotive engineering industry emphasis on many parameters like total deformation, life, factor of safety, stress biaxiality and fatigue sensitivity. The main scope of this work comprises detailed review on various methods and procedures adopted by different researchers in Fatigue analysis of commercially used Engine Connecting rod. The objective of conducting fatigue analysis varies from each other like Weight reduction, Cost reduction, Shape optimization and fatigue life calculation at varying boundary conditions and loads. Fatigue analysis has a very dominant position in product design and development as more than 50% of the products, structural failures are due to fatigue concept only. The review have emphasized the importance of conducting the fatigue analysis of the connecting rod to identity its critical points, fatigue life and factor of safety etc., for its better performance and life period extension. N. Mohammed Raffic | Dr. K. Ganesh Babu | K. N. Arun Kumar"Design Evaluation and Optimization of IC Engine Connecting Rods “ A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10814.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/10814/design-evaluation-and-optimization-of-ic-engine-connecting-rods--a-review/n-mohammed-raffic
Design and Finiteelement analysis for static and dynamic behaviour of composi...Salim Malik
This document discusses the design and finite element analysis of composite drive shafts. It begins with an introduction to drive shafts, their types, and components like universal joints and constant velocity joints. It then discusses composite materials, their advantages over traditional materials, and types of composites. It also covers the von-Mises stress theory and factor of safety concepts. The literature survey section summarizes previous research on composite drive shaft design and analysis using techniques like genetic algorithms and ANSYS software.
1. The document summarizes a review paper on the design and analysis of an automotive wheel rim using finite element analysis. It describes designing a wheel rim in Catia and importing it into Ansys for stress and fatigue analysis.
2. The objectives are to study the effect of various materials on fatigue life, optimize rim thickness to reduce weight and improve life, and compare experimental and finite element analysis results.
3. The methodology involves literature review, experimental radial load testing for fatigue life analysis, finite element analysis of stress and fatigue on the rim, material and thickness optimization, and modeling and analyzing an optimized rim design in Ansys.
IRJET- Improvement in Drive Mechanism of Guillotine DamperIRJET Journal
The document discusses improvements made to the drive mechanism of a guillotine damper. Specifically, it addresses two issues with the existing chain drive system - elongation of the chain causing slippage over pulleys, and uncertain chain breakage. To solve these problems, the researchers studied the damper design and chain drive system in detail. They selected a new roller chain based on its material properties and load capacity. Finite element analysis confirmed the roller chain would have a higher breaking load capacity than the previous link chain. This replacement was expected to overcome issues of slippage and improve the reliability of the damper drive system.
IRJET- Torsional Behaviour of a Propeller Shaft Material and its Optimiza...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and analysis of a propeller shaft for an automobile application. It begins with introducing the theoretical background of propeller shafts and the materials typically used. Then it describes the design process of both a solid and hollow propeller shaft based on the required torque specifications. Theoretical calculations are shown to determine the appropriate diameters for both designs. A comparison shows that the hollow shaft design reduces the mass by 23.5% compared to the solid shaft design, achieving the goal of material optimization. Finally, the solid shaft model is analyzed using ANSYS software to study its torsional behavior under the required torque load.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed and optimized the design of a connecting rod for a diesel engine. The researchers performed finite element analysis on the connecting rod to determine stress distributions under different loads. They then optimized the connecting rod design through parametric modeling and reducing mass while maintaining sufficient strength and safety factors. Key goals were improving weight and cost while meeting fatigue life requirements. The optimized connecting rod design eliminated the central oil hole and reduced the cross-sectional size to lower weight. Force calculations using ADAMS software simulated dynamic loads on the connecting rod to inform the optimization study.
design and analysis of composite leaf spring for light weight vehicleEr Deepak Sharma
This document presents a study on the design and analysis of a composite leaf spring for a light weight vehicle to reduce weight. A CAD model of the leaf spring and suspension components was created in CATIA V5. The leaf spring was modeled from composite E-glass/epoxy and graphite epoxy materials and a steel spring. The springs were analyzed in ANSYS for deflection and stress. Results showed the graphite epoxy spring had the lowest deflection of 5.12mm and stress of 434.43MPa, making it a better material to reduce weight compared to the steel spring.
Finite element analysis of polymer based automotive connecting rodIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed finite element analysis to compare a conventional alloy steel connecting rod material to a polymer composite material (PEEK) reinforced with 40% carbon fibers for use in automotive engines. A 3D model of a connecting rod from a Honda motorcycle engine was created in CATIA and analyzed under an axial load of 6500N in ANSYS. The PEEK composite showed significantly less total deformation, stress, strain, and fatigue damage compared to the alloy steel. It was concluded that the PEEK composite could withstand the maximum engine loads while providing benefits like reduced mass, friction, and potential to improve engine performance. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using composite materials instead of metal alloys for connecting rods.
Study of analysis of bus passenger tie rod a revieweSAT Journals
Abstract This paper focuses on the study of buckling load on the Tie rod of steering system that undergoes an axial compression. Because of the external factors like road condition, different driving situations, different road adhesion, traffic conditions, vibrations and sudden jerks are sets up in tie rod. Tie rod generally buckle under the action of compressive force due to the large ratio of tie rod length to its radius of gyration. When it becomes worn out, steering will become more difficult and the vehicle will also typically be pulling or dragging to either side. Thus the aim of the project is to analyze tie rod for to improve the mass and buckling load of tie rod and to find out maximum deformation and stress. Present research is divided in two parts. First, to conduct survey amongst the buses, examine the causes of failure and second is to design and analysis to recommend best possible alternatives of Tie Rod with the aid of advanced design tools like CAD. Tie Rod failure is one of the major problems facing for MSRTC workshop supervisor. Key Words: Buckling Load, Compressive Load, CAD, FEM, MSRTC Bus, Tie Rod etc…
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
More Related Content
Similar to Design and Analysis to Improve Buckling Strength of Light Vehicle Connecting Rod
This document discusses failure analysis of bearing cups in drive shaft assemblies. It aims to find a cost-effective solution to eliminate bearing cup cracking during assembly of universal joints. Various heat treatment processes are considered and carbonitriding is identified as the optimal process. It reduces bearing cup failure and manufacturing costs compared to other options like case hardening. A systematic methodology is applied, including understanding the current problem, analysis using wear testing and FEA, and implementing and confirming the effects of carbonitriding as a corrective measure.
1.a literature review on composite material for drive shaftEditorJST
A drive shaft is a pivoting part that transmits control from the motor to the differential apparatus of a
back wheel drive vehicles. The steel driveshaft is utilized as a part of car, these days this steel drive shaft is
supplanted by composite material drive shaft. It has been demonstrated that composite drive shafts are
successful in over-coming the confinements, for example, weight, vibrational qualities and basic speed. Their
flexible properties can be tailored to increase the torque as well as the rotational speed at which they operate.
The drive shafts are used in automotive ,aircraft and aerospace applications. The automotive industry is
exploiting composite material technology for structural components construction in order to obtain there
reduction of the weight without decrease in vehicle quality and reliability. The drive shafts are utilized as a part
of car, air ship and aviation applications. It is known that energy conservation is one of the most important
Indeed, the very way of the composite materials (fiber and resinous fastener) permits drive-shafts to be intended
to meet particular basic operational characteristics ,and accordingly custom fitted to coordinate the prerequisites
of individual applications. The consequence of this are utilized for demonstrating of carbon/epoxy composite
drive shaft and steel drive shaft utilizing CAD programming to perform static, clasping and modular
examination of both drive shaft utilizing ANSYS programming.
IRJET- Transient Dynamic Analysis and Optimization of a Piston in an Automobi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed transient dynamic analysis and optimization of a piston in an automobile engine. The study used finite element analysis software to create a 3D model of the piston, apply appropriate loads and boundary conditions, and analyze stresses, natural frequencies, mode shapes, and transient dynamic response. The analysis found the maximum stresses on the piston to be 280 MPa under static loading. Modal analysis determined the first three natural frequencies. Transient dynamic analysis calculated a maximum dynamic displacement of 1.66 mm with a dynamic amplification factor of 1.3 under loading over 4.9 milliseconds. Finally, optimization was performed to reduce piston weight and size without affecting its characteristics or increasing stresses beyond safe limits.
Compound Chain Drive Transmission System for Automotive VehiclesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on designing a compound chain drive transmission system for an all-terrain vehicle. The system uses a compound arrangement of sprockets and chains to achieve a higher overall gear ratio of 4.57 within the space constraints. Finite element analysis was conducted on the aluminum alloy compound hubs to validate stresses remained below yield levels under maximum torque loads. The compound drive design improved the vehicle's torque, speed, and efficiency while meeting the objectives of reduced weight and safer design.
Review on Design and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document reviews the design and analysis of connecting rods used in two-wheeler engines. It begins with an abstract summarizing the goal of modifying an existing connecting rod design to reduce weight while satisfying design constraints. It then provides a literature review of previous research on connecting rod design and analysis, materials selection, and optimization. This includes analyzing different materials and designs using methods like finite element analysis. The document concludes by stating that most studies found aluminum alloys provided benefits like reduced weight, stress, and strain compared to traditional steel designs.
IRJET-Design, Analysis and Weight Optimization of Leaf Spring for Light Weigh...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the design, analysis and weight optimization of leaf springs for light vehicles. The researchers modeled two different designs of a leaf spring using CREO 2.0 software and analyzed them using HYPERWORKS. The analysis found weight reductions of 14.47% for 55Si2Mn90 steel and 14.37% for 50CrV4 steel by incorporating holes into the leaf spring design. Finite element analysis showed von Mises stresses were 12.91% lower for 50CrV4 and 18.21% lower for 55Si2Mn90 with the optimized hole design compared to the original design under the same loading conditions. The study concluded the hole design successfully reduced weight by over 14%
Design And Optimization Of Chassis Of All Terrain VehicleIRJET Journal
1) The document describes the design and optimization of a chassis for an all-terrain vehicle (ATV). Finite element analysis was used to determine stress levels and displacement when loads are applied.
2) Various chassis frame designs were considered and a tubular space frame design was selected for its multi-directional impact safety. Materials like chromoly 4130 steel were chosen for its strength, availability, and weldability.
3) A methodology is described for building the chassis, modeling it, and factors considered like safety, comfort, and optimization. Calculations were done to determine maximum bending moments and select a material thickness. A torsional rigidity test of the chassis design is also described.
Design and Finite element analysis for static and dynamic behaviour of compos...Salim Malik
This document discusses the design and finite element analysis of composite drive shafts. It begins with an introduction to drive shafts, their types, and components like universal joints and constant velocity joints. It then discusses composite materials, their advantages over other materials, and common types. It also covers failure theories like the von-Mises stress theory. The document reviews past literature on composite drive shaft design and analysis. It examines factors of safety and concludes with discussing the objectives of analyzing the static and dynamic behavior of composite drive shafts.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CONNECTING ROD OF MG-ALLOY ijiert bestjournal
The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production,critical component. It co nnects reciprocating piston to rotating crankshaft,transmitting the thrust of the piston to the crankshaft. Every vehicle that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod depending upon the number of cylinders in the engine. As the purp ose of the connecting rod is to transfer the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the crankshaft. Connecting ro ds for automotive applications are typically manufactured by forging from either w rought steel or powdered metal. the material used f or this process is Mg-Alloy and also finite element analysis of connecting rod
Finite element analysis of engine mounting bracket by considering pretension ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bracket is one of the important components of an engine mount assembly, heavy performance truck has their engine supported by bracket and this engine mounting brackets assembly is used in chassis front frame which has been designed as a framework to support engine along with transmission member. The main function of the engine mount bracket is to properly balance the engine and transmission on the vehicle chassis, engine mount is an important part of the vehicle to reduce the vibration and noise, by which smooth ride of the vehicle can be achieved. Vibration and strength of engine bracket has been continuously a concern which may lead to structural failure if the resulting vibration and stresses are severe and excessive. The present work focuses on the FEA analysis of engine mount bracket for three materials by using meshing and analysis software which are HYPERMESH and ABACUS, the materials used are cast iron, wrought iron and mild steel, modal analysis and static analysis carried out by which maximum von-misses stress and natural frequency are computed. The main objective is to select the best material from the obtained result under prescribed conditions. Key Words: Engine mount bracket, Vehicle chassis, Modal & Static analysis, pretension load, & Service load.
IRJET- Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod of 4 Stroke Petrol Engine by usi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that performed finite element analysis on the connecting rod of a 4-stroke petrol engine to determine stresses, strains, and safety factors when using two different materials - AISI 1070 steel and AISI 4337 steel. The connecting rod model was created in SolidWorks and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench. The analysis results showed the design was safe under the given loading conditions and can help minimize future maintenance needs. The study aims to identify failure-prone areas and optimize the connecting rod design.
Design Evaluation and Optimization of IC Engine Connecting Rods '“ A Reviewijtsrd
Fatigue analysis and Optimization of connecting rod are the modern trend in automotive engineering industry emphasis on many parameters like total deformation, life, factor of safety, stress biaxiality and fatigue sensitivity. The main scope of this work comprises detailed review on various methods and procedures adopted by different researchers in Fatigue analysis of commercially used Engine Connecting rod. The objective of conducting fatigue analysis varies from each other like Weight reduction, Cost reduction, Shape optimization and fatigue life calculation at varying boundary conditions and loads. Fatigue analysis has a very dominant position in product design and development as more than 50% of the products, structural failures are due to fatigue concept only. The review have emphasized the importance of conducting the fatigue analysis of the connecting rod to identity its critical points, fatigue life and factor of safety etc., for its better performance and life period extension. N. Mohammed Raffic | Dr. K. Ganesh Babu | K. N. Arun Kumar"Design Evaluation and Optimization of IC Engine Connecting Rods “ A Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10814.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/10814/design-evaluation-and-optimization-of-ic-engine-connecting-rods--a-review/n-mohammed-raffic
Design and Finiteelement analysis for static and dynamic behaviour of composi...Salim Malik
This document discusses the design and finite element analysis of composite drive shafts. It begins with an introduction to drive shafts, their types, and components like universal joints and constant velocity joints. It then discusses composite materials, their advantages over traditional materials, and types of composites. It also covers the von-Mises stress theory and factor of safety concepts. The literature survey section summarizes previous research on composite drive shaft design and analysis using techniques like genetic algorithms and ANSYS software.
1. The document summarizes a review paper on the design and analysis of an automotive wheel rim using finite element analysis. It describes designing a wheel rim in Catia and importing it into Ansys for stress and fatigue analysis.
2. The objectives are to study the effect of various materials on fatigue life, optimize rim thickness to reduce weight and improve life, and compare experimental and finite element analysis results.
3. The methodology involves literature review, experimental radial load testing for fatigue life analysis, finite element analysis of stress and fatigue on the rim, material and thickness optimization, and modeling and analyzing an optimized rim design in Ansys.
IRJET- Improvement in Drive Mechanism of Guillotine DamperIRJET Journal
The document discusses improvements made to the drive mechanism of a guillotine damper. Specifically, it addresses two issues with the existing chain drive system - elongation of the chain causing slippage over pulleys, and uncertain chain breakage. To solve these problems, the researchers studied the damper design and chain drive system in detail. They selected a new roller chain based on its material properties and load capacity. Finite element analysis confirmed the roller chain would have a higher breaking load capacity than the previous link chain. This replacement was expected to overcome issues of slippage and improve the reliability of the damper drive system.
IRJET- Torsional Behaviour of a Propeller Shaft Material and its Optimiza...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and analysis of a propeller shaft for an automobile application. It begins with introducing the theoretical background of propeller shafts and the materials typically used. Then it describes the design process of both a solid and hollow propeller shaft based on the required torque specifications. Theoretical calculations are shown to determine the appropriate diameters for both designs. A comparison shows that the hollow shaft design reduces the mass by 23.5% compared to the solid shaft design, achieving the goal of material optimization. Finally, the solid shaft model is analyzed using ANSYS software to study its torsional behavior under the required torque load.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed and optimized the design of a connecting rod for a diesel engine. The researchers performed finite element analysis on the connecting rod to determine stress distributions under different loads. They then optimized the connecting rod design through parametric modeling and reducing mass while maintaining sufficient strength and safety factors. Key goals were improving weight and cost while meeting fatigue life requirements. The optimized connecting rod design eliminated the central oil hole and reduced the cross-sectional size to lower weight. Force calculations using ADAMS software simulated dynamic loads on the connecting rod to inform the optimization study.
design and analysis of composite leaf spring for light weight vehicleEr Deepak Sharma
This document presents a study on the design and analysis of a composite leaf spring for a light weight vehicle to reduce weight. A CAD model of the leaf spring and suspension components was created in CATIA V5. The leaf spring was modeled from composite E-glass/epoxy and graphite epoxy materials and a steel spring. The springs were analyzed in ANSYS for deflection and stress. Results showed the graphite epoxy spring had the lowest deflection of 5.12mm and stress of 434.43MPa, making it a better material to reduce weight compared to the steel spring.
Finite element analysis of polymer based automotive connecting rodIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed finite element analysis to compare a conventional alloy steel connecting rod material to a polymer composite material (PEEK) reinforced with 40% carbon fibers for use in automotive engines. A 3D model of a connecting rod from a Honda motorcycle engine was created in CATIA and analyzed under an axial load of 6500N in ANSYS. The PEEK composite showed significantly less total deformation, stress, strain, and fatigue damage compared to the alloy steel. It was concluded that the PEEK composite could withstand the maximum engine loads while providing benefits like reduced mass, friction, and potential to improve engine performance. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using composite materials instead of metal alloys for connecting rods.
Study of analysis of bus passenger tie rod a revieweSAT Journals
Abstract This paper focuses on the study of buckling load on the Tie rod of steering system that undergoes an axial compression. Because of the external factors like road condition, different driving situations, different road adhesion, traffic conditions, vibrations and sudden jerks are sets up in tie rod. Tie rod generally buckle under the action of compressive force due to the large ratio of tie rod length to its radius of gyration. When it becomes worn out, steering will become more difficult and the vehicle will also typically be pulling or dragging to either side. Thus the aim of the project is to analyze tie rod for to improve the mass and buckling load of tie rod and to find out maximum deformation and stress. Present research is divided in two parts. First, to conduct survey amongst the buses, examine the causes of failure and second is to design and analysis to recommend best possible alternatives of Tie Rod with the aid of advanced design tools like CAD. Tie Rod failure is one of the major problems facing for MSRTC workshop supervisor. Key Words: Buckling Load, Compressive Load, CAD, FEM, MSRTC Bus, Tie Rod etc…
Similar to Design and Analysis to Improve Buckling Strength of Light Vehicle Connecting Rod (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Height and depth gauge linear metrology.pdfq30122000
Height gauges may also be used to measure the height of an object by using the underside of the scriber as the datum. The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge; then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it. This adjustment allows different scribers or probes to be used, as well as adjusting for any errors in a damaged or resharpened probe.
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.