Dentrifices are agents used to clean teeth and come in various forms like paste, powder or gel. Toothpaste is the most common dentrifice used along with a toothbrush. Toothpaste aims to remove plaque and food debris from teeth. There are two main types - cosmetic dentrifices which clean teeth and therapeutic dentrifices which also treat oral diseases. Therapeutic toothpastes may contain fluoride to prevent cavities, triclosan or chlorhexidine to prevent gingivitis, or potassium salts to treat sensitive teeth. The typical composition of toothpaste includes humectants, abrasives, flavors, binders and surfactants, in addition to active ingredients.

1. DENTRIFICES IN ORAL HYGIENE
Seminar created by:kumar samudra gupta kaushik
Roll no.-20

2. In 1892, Doctor Washington Sheffield, an American Dentist of New
London manufactured toothpaste into a collapsible tube.

3. General information
• Dentrifices is a french word for toothpaste.
• Dentrfices are agents used along with a
toothbrush to clean and polish natural teeth.
• They are supplied in paste, powder, gel or
liquid form.
• The most essential dentifrice recommended
by dentists is toothpaste which is used in
conjunction with a toothbrush to help remove
food debris and dental plaque

4. Types of dentrifices
2 types :
1.cosmetic dentrifices:it is used to
clean and polish the teeth.
2.therapeutic dentrifices:it must
reduce some disease process in mouth
like(caries,gingivitis,calculus,sensivity)

5. Typical composition
Ingredients Weight % example
Humectants 60 –20 Silica , Phosphate Salts ,Calcium Carbonate
Water 0 –50
Binders 0 –12 Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) ,Xanthan Gum
Abrasive 18 –50 glycerine,sorbitol,polyethylene glycol
Flavour 0.5 –2.0 cinaamon,mint
Sweetener 0.2 –1.0 sodium saccharin,cyclamate
Surfactant 0.5 –2.0 sodium lauryl sulfate,PEG oil
Fluoride 0.2 –1.2 sodium fluoride,sodium monoflurophosphate

6. DENTRIFICES CLASSIFICATION BASED
ON ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
• For caries prevention:
1) to reduce the etymological factor – dental
plaque and the bacterial bio film of which it is
composed,
2) to increase the amount of remineralizing
substances – the concentration of fluoride
2 principles can be achieved by
cleaning the teeth with fluoride toothpaste.

7. • For periodontal disease prevention :
1) remove plaque regularly, thus preventing
the growth of bacteria on the biofilm
2) prevent the growth of bacteria,thus
inhibiting formation of plaque and tartar
antiseptic and antibacterial substances to
toothpaste – triclosan, chlorhexidine,
hydrogen peroxide.

8. • For treatment of sensitive teeth (Analgesic
toothpastes)
Toothpastes with potassium saline
maintain a high K+ extracellular level, thus
preventing re-polarization of the nerve cell
membrane and inhibiting the transmission of
impulses without causing changes in the pulp

9. • Whitening and bleaching toothpastes
PHYSICAL: These toothpastes is based on the size and hardness of the
molecules of the added abrasive substance, which are harder than the
stain molecules. As a result, the stains are removed.Overall, the cleaning
process is affected by the hardness, size, shape and concentration of the
particles and the pressure used in brushing the teeth.
eg:silica dioxide, calciumcarbonate
CHEMICAL:. Most of the stain molecules are included in the pellicle, which
contains protein. Therefore enzymes such as protease and papaine create a
whitening effect.(toothbrush can reach)
Also Sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate
absorbs the stains.(toothbrush cannot reach)
Bleaching :mostly hydrogen peroxide and calcium peroxide used.

10. Dentrifices with a specific purpose
• Toothpaste With Basal Rate Salivary Secretion-olive oil,
betaine and xylitol
• XEROSTAMIA-In case of xerostomia, the mucous membrane is
more sensitive and more vulnerable so one should avoid
irritating toothpastes, such as those that contain strong
essential oils and foaming substances , but antioxidants and
enzymes such as lactoperoksidase, lysozyme, lactoferrin and
glycozyloksida e are advisable.
• lariphan can mobilize the body’s natural immune responses,
providing antiviral and immunomodulatory activity

11. New components used
• Metals ions: zinc (Zn2+) and stannous (Sn2+) , inhibit the glycolytic sequence in
oral anaerobic bacteria, and to restrict the ability of plaque bacteria to convert
urea to ammonia.
• Zinc ions:Zinc inhibits the PTS pathway of glucose uptake by S. Mutans, S. sanguis
and Actinomyses naeslundii, and the metabolism of glucose to lactic acid. The
effects of zinc are believed to be intracellular, resulting from the inhibition of
sulphydryl enzymes, specifically enzyme I in the phosphotransferase transport
system and aldolase and glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase in the glycolytic pathway.
• Amyloglucosidase and Glucose oxidase:Their mechanism of action is by activating
the antibacterial lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate system in saliva . Amyloxglucosidase
and glucoseoxidase can degrade starch and glucose to H2O2. The released
peroxides will react with thiocyanate-ion present in saliva, converting it to
hypothiocyanate, which can inhibit bacterial growth.

13. REFERENCE
• “RELATIVE ROLE OF DENTIFRICE AND THE TOOTHBRUSH IN PLAQUE
REMOVAL”M.J. Cronin 1, W.Z. Dembling 1, D.M. Jacobs 2, M.L. Low* 2, and D.A.
Weber 2 (1 New Institutional Service.572 Company, Northfield, New Jersey, USA;
2Oral-B Laboratories, Belmont, California, USA). DATE:28-04-2016 TIME-2.43AM
• ‘’DENTIFRICES AND MOUTHWASHES INGREDIENTS AND THEIR USE ’’by Silje
Storehagen, Nanna Ose og Shilpi Midha. DATE:28-04-2016 TIME-3.03AM
• Dentifrice By Dianne Glasscoe Watterson, RDH, BS, MBA. DATE:28-04-2016 TIME-
3.03AM
• DENTAL PRODUCTS BY SRM INSTITUTE . DATE:28-04-2016 TIME-3.15AM