The document discusses stacks and converting expressions between infix, postfix, and prefix notation. It provides examples and algorithms for converting infix expressions to postfix. The algorithms involve using an operator stack to determine the order of operations based on precedence rules. Operands are added to the output string and operators are pushed to the stack or popped and added to the output string based on their precedence.
Stacks are commonly used data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. They can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Operations like push add an element to the top of the stack and pop removes an element from the top. Stacks have many applications in computing including implementing function calls, parsing expressions, and undo operations.
Please need help on C++ language.Infix to Postfix) Write a program.pdfpristiegee
Please need help on C++ language.
Infix to Postfix) Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent postfix
expression. The rules to convert an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression are as
follows:
Initialize pfx to an empty expression and also initialize the stack.
Get the next symbol, sym, from infx.
If sym is an operand, append sym to pfx.
If sym is (, push sym into the stack.
If sym is ), pop and append all of the symbols from the stack until the most recent left
parentheses. Pop and discard the left parentheses.
If sym is an operator:
Pop and append all of the operators from the stack to pfx that are above the most recent left
parentheses and have precedence greater than or equal to sym.
Push sym onto the stack.
After processing infx, some operators might be left in the stack. Pop and append to pfx
everything from the stack.
In this program, you will consider the following (binary) arithmetic operators: +, -, *, and /.
You may assume that the expressions you will process are error free. Design a class that stores
the infix and postfix strings. The class must include the following operations:
getInfix: Stores the infix expression.
showInfix: Outputs the infix expression.
showPostfix: Outputs the postfix expression.
convertToPostfix: Converts the infix expression into a postfix expression. The resulting postfix
expression is stored in pfx.
precedence: Determines the precedence between two operators. If the first operator is of higher
or equal precedence than the second operator, it returns the value true; otherwise, it returns the
value false.
A + B - C;
(A + B ) * C;
(A + B) * (C - D);
A + ((B + C) * (E - F) - G) / (H - I);
A + B * (C + D ) - E / F * G + H;
Infix Expression: A+B-C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C-
Infix Expression: (A+B)*C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C*
Infix Expression: (A+B)*(C-D);
Postfix Expression: AB+CD-*
Infix Expression: A+((B+C)*(E-F)-G)/(H-I);
Postfix Expression: ABC+EF-*G-HI-/+
Infix Expression: A+B*(C+D)-E/F*G+H;
Postfix Expression: ABCD+*+EF/G*-H+
PLEASE PROVIDE FOLLOWING.
A UML diagram for your class.
The header file for your class.
The implementation file for your class.
The source code for your test program.
Solution
#include
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 50 ;
class InfixToPostfix
{
private :
char target[MAX], stack[MAX] ;
char *s, *t ;
int top ;
public :
InfixToPostfix( ) ;
void getInfix ( char *str ) ;
void showInfix () ;
void push ( char c ) ;
char pop( ) ;
void convertToPostfix( ) ;
int precedence ( char c ) ;
void showPostfix( ) ;
void Delete();
} ;
InfixToPostfix :: InfixToPostfix( )
{
top = -1 ;
strcpy ( target, \"\" ) ;
strcpy ( stack, \"\" ) ;
t = target ;
s = \"\" ;
}
void InfixToPostfix :: getInfix ( char *str )
{
s = str ;
}
void InfixToPostfix :: showInfix ( )
{
cout<<\"Infix Expression :\"<= precedence ( *s ) )
{
*t = opr ;
t++ ;
opr = pop( ) ;
}
push ( opr ) ;
push ( *s ) ;
}
else
push ( *s ) ;
s++ ;
}
if ( *s == \')\' )
{
opr = pop( ) ;
while ( ( opr ) != \.
The document discusses stacks, which are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Elements are inserted and removed only from one end, called the top of the stack. Insertion is called pushing and removal is called popping. Stacks are used extensively in computer systems, for example in operating system function calls and interrupt handling. The Java programming language contains a Stack class that can be used by programmers.
1. The documents describe C programs that implement stacks using arrays, evaluate postfix expressions, convert infix to postfix notation, and check for balanced parentheses.
2. Key aspects include using structures to represent stacks, functions for push, pop, empty, full, and display operations on stacks.
3. The programs demonstrate using stacks to evaluate expressions by pushing operands and applying operators based on precedence.
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two main principal operations: push, which adds an element to the collection, and pop, which removes the most recently added element that was not yet removed.
- Templates in C++ allow functions and classes to be reused for different data types through generic programming. This avoids defining multiple functions to handle the same task on different types.
- A template can be viewed as a variable that can be instantiated to any data type. Two functions min() are shown, one for ints and one for doubles, demonstrating the need for templates.
- A template solution defines a single min() function that accepts any type through a template parameter <Type>. This provides a more flexible solution than separate overloaded functions.
- Templates in C++ allow functions and classes to be reused for different data types through generic programming. This avoids defining multiple functions to handle the same task on different types.
- A template can be viewed as a variable that can be instantiated for any data type. Two min() functions showed how templates provide a cleaner solution than separate functions.
- A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) behavior. Elements are added and removed only from one end, called the top. Common stack operations are push, pop, empty, and top.
The document discusses stacks and converting expressions between infix, postfix, and prefix notation. It provides examples and algorithms for converting infix expressions to postfix. The algorithms involve using an operator stack to determine the order of operations based on precedence rules. Operands are added to the output string and operators are pushed to the stack or popped and added to the output string based on their precedence.
Stacks are commonly used data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. They can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Operations like push add an element to the top of the stack and pop removes an element from the top. Stacks have many applications in computing including implementing function calls, parsing expressions, and undo operations.
Please need help on C++ language.Infix to Postfix) Write a program.pdfpristiegee
Please need help on C++ language.
Infix to Postfix) Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent postfix
expression. The rules to convert an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression are as
follows:
Initialize pfx to an empty expression and also initialize the stack.
Get the next symbol, sym, from infx.
If sym is an operand, append sym to pfx.
If sym is (, push sym into the stack.
If sym is ), pop and append all of the symbols from the stack until the most recent left
parentheses. Pop and discard the left parentheses.
If sym is an operator:
Pop and append all of the operators from the stack to pfx that are above the most recent left
parentheses and have precedence greater than or equal to sym.
Push sym onto the stack.
After processing infx, some operators might be left in the stack. Pop and append to pfx
everything from the stack.
In this program, you will consider the following (binary) arithmetic operators: +, -, *, and /.
You may assume that the expressions you will process are error free. Design a class that stores
the infix and postfix strings. The class must include the following operations:
getInfix: Stores the infix expression.
showInfix: Outputs the infix expression.
showPostfix: Outputs the postfix expression.
convertToPostfix: Converts the infix expression into a postfix expression. The resulting postfix
expression is stored in pfx.
precedence: Determines the precedence between two operators. If the first operator is of higher
or equal precedence than the second operator, it returns the value true; otherwise, it returns the
value false.
A + B - C;
(A + B ) * C;
(A + B) * (C - D);
A + ((B + C) * (E - F) - G) / (H - I);
A + B * (C + D ) - E / F * G + H;
Infix Expression: A+B-C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C-
Infix Expression: (A+B)*C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C*
Infix Expression: (A+B)*(C-D);
Postfix Expression: AB+CD-*
Infix Expression: A+((B+C)*(E-F)-G)/(H-I);
Postfix Expression: ABC+EF-*G-HI-/+
Infix Expression: A+B*(C+D)-E/F*G+H;
Postfix Expression: ABCD+*+EF/G*-H+
PLEASE PROVIDE FOLLOWING.
A UML diagram for your class.
The header file for your class.
The implementation file for your class.
The source code for your test program.
Solution
#include
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 50 ;
class InfixToPostfix
{
private :
char target[MAX], stack[MAX] ;
char *s, *t ;
int top ;
public :
InfixToPostfix( ) ;
void getInfix ( char *str ) ;
void showInfix () ;
void push ( char c ) ;
char pop( ) ;
void convertToPostfix( ) ;
int precedence ( char c ) ;
void showPostfix( ) ;
void Delete();
} ;
InfixToPostfix :: InfixToPostfix( )
{
top = -1 ;
strcpy ( target, \"\" ) ;
strcpy ( stack, \"\" ) ;
t = target ;
s = \"\" ;
}
void InfixToPostfix :: getInfix ( char *str )
{
s = str ;
}
void InfixToPostfix :: showInfix ( )
{
cout<<\"Infix Expression :\"<= precedence ( *s ) )
{
*t = opr ;
t++ ;
opr = pop( ) ;
}
push ( opr ) ;
push ( *s ) ;
}
else
push ( *s ) ;
s++ ;
}
if ( *s == \')\' )
{
opr = pop( ) ;
while ( ( opr ) != \.
The document discusses stacks, which are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Elements are inserted and removed only from one end, called the top of the stack. Insertion is called pushing and removal is called popping. Stacks are used extensively in computer systems, for example in operating system function calls and interrupt handling. The Java programming language contains a Stack class that can be used by programmers.
1. The documents describe C programs that implement stacks using arrays, evaluate postfix expressions, convert infix to postfix notation, and check for balanced parentheses.
2. Key aspects include using structures to represent stacks, functions for push, pop, empty, full, and display operations on stacks.
3. The programs demonstrate using stacks to evaluate expressions by pushing operands and applying operators based on precedence.
In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two main principal operations: push, which adds an element to the collection, and pop, which removes the most recently added element that was not yet removed.
- Templates in C++ allow functions and classes to be reused for different data types through generic programming. This avoids defining multiple functions to handle the same task on different types.
- A template can be viewed as a variable that can be instantiated to any data type. Two functions min() are shown, one for ints and one for doubles, demonstrating the need for templates.
- A template solution defines a single min() function that accepts any type through a template parameter <Type>. This provides a more flexible solution than separate overloaded functions.
- Templates in C++ allow functions and classes to be reused for different data types through generic programming. This avoids defining multiple functions to handle the same task on different types.
- A template can be viewed as a variable that can be instantiated for any data type. Two min() functions showed how templates provide a cleaner solution than separate functions.
- A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) behavior. Elements are added and removed only from one end, called the top. Common stack operations are push, pop, empty, and top.
A stack is a last-in, first-out data structure where elements can only be inserted or removed from one end. Stacks follow the LIFO principle. The document discusses stacks and their use in evaluating arithmetic expressions. Expressions can be written in infix, prefix, or postfix notation, and converting an infix expression to postfix notation allows it to be evaluated using a stack, with operators and operands pushed and popped off the stack from left to right.
Paradigmas de Linguagens de Programacao - Aula #4Ismar Silveira
The document discusses different parameter passing techniques in programming languages, including pass by value, pass by reference, and pass by result/value-result. It provides examples in languages like C, C++, Java, C#, Pascal, Ada to illustrate how each technique works and the differences between them. It also covers topics like parameter modes (in, out, in-out), parameter arrays, and variable arguments.
This document discusses different notations for representing mathematical expressions: infix, prefix, and postfix. In infix notation, operators are placed between operands (e.g. A + B). In prefix notation, operators come before operands (e.g. + A B). In postfix notation, operators follow operands (e.g. A B +). It notes that infix notation requires parentheses to determine the order of operations, while prefix and postfix notations do not. The document then provides a step-by-step example of converting an infix expression to postfix notation using a stack.
Stacks are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Elements are added and removed from the top of the stack. Stacks have two main operations - Push, which adds an element to the top of the stack, and Pop, which removes an element from the top. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Compilers use stacks to convert infix arithmetic expressions to postfix notation and then evaluate the postfix expression. This process involves pushing and popping operators from the stack.
The document discusses stacks and their properties. It defines a stack as a linear data structure where items are inserted and deleted from one end, following the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Stacks are commonly used in computer systems for tasks like compiler operations and process scheduling. The key stack operations are push to insert an item and pop to remove the top item.
The document discusses stacks and their implementation and use. It begins by defining a stack as a collection of items that can be inserted or deleted from one end, following the LIFO principle. Common stack operations like push, pop and top are introduced. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. The use of stacks to evaluate expressions in prefix, infix and postfix notations is covered, including the precedence of operators and the process to convert infix to postfix notation using a stack. Parentheses are also discussed in the conversion process.
Implementation of checking the validity of an arithmetic expression, conversion from infix to postfix form, evaluation of a postfix expression (C code)
The document describes implementing a queue using an array. It provides algorithms for enQueue() and deQueue() operations. EnQueue() inserts elements at the rear by incrementing rear and checking for full. DeQueue() deletes elements from the front by incrementing front and checking for empty. The queue uses front and rear pointers to manage insertion and deletion of elements based on FIFO principle using an underlying fixed-size array.
This C program uses stack operations to convert infix expressions to postfix expressions and then evaluate the postfix expression. It defines functions to push and pop items from a stack, determine operator precedence, convert an infix expression to postfix, and evaluate a postfix expression by performing operations. The main function gets an infix expression from the user and calls the necessary functions to convert it to postfix and evaluate the result if desired.
This C program uses stack operations to perform two tasks: 1) Convert an infix expression to a postfix expression by pushing and popping operators and operands to a stack. 2) Evaluate the postfix expression by pushing operands, popping operands and operators, and performing operations. It includes functions to push and pop from the stack, determine operator precedence, convert expressions, and evaluate the postfix form.
The document discusses stacks and queues. It begins by defining a stack as a collection of homogeneous data elements where insertion and deletion occurs at one end, known as the top. The stack follows the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Common stack operations like push and pop are introduced. Implementing stacks using both arrays and linked lists is covered. Applications of stacks like balancing symbols, recursion, undo operations are mentioned. The document then moves to discussing queues, their applications and implementations. Priority queues and their applications are also briefly covered.
Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent.pdfmohdjakirfb
Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression. The
rules to convert an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression are as follows (C++):
Initialize pfx to an empty expression and also initialize the stack.
Get the next symbol, sym, from infx.
If sym is an operand, append sym to pfx.
If sym is (, push sym into the stack.
If sym is ), pop and append all of the symbols from the stack until the most recent left
parentheses. Pop and discard the left parentheses.
If sym is an operator:
Pop and append all of the operators from the stack to pfx that are above the most recent left
parentheses and have precedence greater than or equal to sym.
Push sym onto the stack.
After processing infx, some operators might be left in the stack. Pop and append to pfx
everything from the stack.
In this program, you will consider the following (binary) arithmetic operators: +, -, *, and /.
You may assume that the expressions you will process are error free. Design a class that stores
the infix and postfix strings. The class must include the following operations:
getInfix: Stores the infix expression.
showInfix: Outputs the infix expression.
showPostfix: Outputs the postfix expression.
convertToPostfix: Converts the infix expression into a postfix expression. The resulting postfix
expression is stored in pfx.
precedence: Determines the precedence between two operators. If the first operator is of higher
or equal precedence than the second operator, it returns the value true; otherwise, it returns the
value false.
A + B - C;
(A + B ) * C;
(A + B) * (C - D);
A + ((B + C) * (E - F) - G) / (H - I);
A + B * (C + D ) - E / F * G + H;
Infix Expression: A+B-C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C-
Infix Expression: (A+B)*C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C*
Infix Expression: (A+B)*(C-D);
Postfix Expression: AB+CD-*
Infix Expression: A+((B+C)*(E-F)-G)/(H-I);
Postfix Expression: ABC+EF-*G-HI-/+
Infix Expression: A+B*(C+D)-E/F*G+H;
Postfix Expression: ABCD+*+EF/G*-H+
Turn in:
A UML diagram for your class.
The header file for your class.
The implementation file for your class.
The source code for your test program. (C++)
(Below already done code.)
//Header file: myStack.h
#ifndef H_StackType
#define H_StackType
#include
#include
#include \"stackADT.h\"
using namespace std;
template
class stackType: public stackADT
{
public:
const stackType& operator=(const stackType&);
//Overload the assignment operator.
void initializeStack();
//Function to initialize the stack to an empty state.
//Postcondition: stackTop = 0
bool isEmptyStack() const;
//Function to determine whether the stack is empty.
//Postcondition: Returns true if the stack is empty,
// otherwise returns false.
bool isFullStack() const;
//Function to determine whether the stack is full.
//Postcondition: Returns true if the stack is full,
// otherwise returns false.
void push(const Type& newItem);
//Function to add newItem to the stack.
//Precondition: The stack exists and is not full.
//Postc.
The document discusses stacks and queues, which are fundamental data structures that can insert and remove items. Stacks follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle, while queues follow the FIFO (first in, first out) principle. The document provides implementations of stacks and queues using linked lists and arrays and examples of their applications in parsing, compilers, undo functions, and more.
The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to convert between notations and perform calculations.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix and evaluating the postfix expression 50, 60, +, 20, 10, -, *.
The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to produce the postfix form or calculate values.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix AB*C(D-F/)++ and evaluating the postfix form of True, False, NOT, AND,
A stack is a data structure where items can only be inserted and removed from one end. The last item inserted is the first item removed (LIFO). Common examples include stacks of books, plates, or bank transactions. Key stack operations are push to insert, pop to remove, and functions to check if the stack is empty or full. Stacks can be used to implement operations like reversing a string, converting infix to postfix notation, and evaluating arithmetic expressions.
The document discusses stacks, which are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last-in, first-out) principle. Stacks allow elements to be inserted and removed from one end through push and pop operations. Common stack operations are described like push, pop, isEmpty and their functions. Examples of stack operations and conversions between infix, prefix and postfix notations are provided.
An abstract data type (ADT) is a mathematical model for data structures that defines the type solely by the operations that can be performed on it. For example, a stack ADT can be defined by two operations: push, which inserts an item into the stack, and pop, which removes the top item. Abstract data types are theoretical entities used to simplify algorithm descriptions and formally describe programming language type systems. A stack is a linear data structure that follows the last-in, first-out principle, where items can only be inserted or removed from one end of the stack. Stacks have common applications in arithmetic expression evaluation, backtracking, and function call processing.
A stack is a last-in, first-out data structure where elements can only be inserted or removed from one end. Stacks follow the LIFO principle. The document discusses stacks and their use in evaluating arithmetic expressions. Expressions can be written in infix, prefix, or postfix notation, and converting an infix expression to postfix notation allows it to be evaluated using a stack, with operators and operands pushed and popped off the stack from left to right.
Paradigmas de Linguagens de Programacao - Aula #4Ismar Silveira
The document discusses different parameter passing techniques in programming languages, including pass by value, pass by reference, and pass by result/value-result. It provides examples in languages like C, C++, Java, C#, Pascal, Ada to illustrate how each technique works and the differences between them. It also covers topics like parameter modes (in, out, in-out), parameter arrays, and variable arguments.
This document discusses different notations for representing mathematical expressions: infix, prefix, and postfix. In infix notation, operators are placed between operands (e.g. A + B). In prefix notation, operators come before operands (e.g. + A B). In postfix notation, operators follow operands (e.g. A B +). It notes that infix notation requires parentheses to determine the order of operations, while prefix and postfix notations do not. The document then provides a step-by-step example of converting an infix expression to postfix notation using a stack.
Stacks are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Elements are added and removed from the top of the stack. Stacks have two main operations - Push, which adds an element to the top of the stack, and Pop, which removes an element from the top. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Compilers use stacks to convert infix arithmetic expressions to postfix notation and then evaluate the postfix expression. This process involves pushing and popping operators from the stack.
The document discusses stacks and their properties. It defines a stack as a linear data structure where items are inserted and deleted from one end, following the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Stacks are commonly used in computer systems for tasks like compiler operations and process scheduling. The key stack operations are push to insert an item and pop to remove the top item.
The document discusses stacks and their implementation and use. It begins by defining a stack as a collection of items that can be inserted or deleted from one end, following the LIFO principle. Common stack operations like push, pop and top are introduced. Stacks can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. The use of stacks to evaluate expressions in prefix, infix and postfix notations is covered, including the precedence of operators and the process to convert infix to postfix notation using a stack. Parentheses are also discussed in the conversion process.
Implementation of checking the validity of an arithmetic expression, conversion from infix to postfix form, evaluation of a postfix expression (C code)
The document describes implementing a queue using an array. It provides algorithms for enQueue() and deQueue() operations. EnQueue() inserts elements at the rear by incrementing rear and checking for full. DeQueue() deletes elements from the front by incrementing front and checking for empty. The queue uses front and rear pointers to manage insertion and deletion of elements based on FIFO principle using an underlying fixed-size array.
This C program uses stack operations to convert infix expressions to postfix expressions and then evaluate the postfix expression. It defines functions to push and pop items from a stack, determine operator precedence, convert an infix expression to postfix, and evaluate a postfix expression by performing operations. The main function gets an infix expression from the user and calls the necessary functions to convert it to postfix and evaluate the result if desired.
This C program uses stack operations to perform two tasks: 1) Convert an infix expression to a postfix expression by pushing and popping operators and operands to a stack. 2) Evaluate the postfix expression by pushing operands, popping operands and operators, and performing operations. It includes functions to push and pop from the stack, determine operator precedence, convert expressions, and evaluate the postfix form.
The document discusses stacks and queues. It begins by defining a stack as a collection of homogeneous data elements where insertion and deletion occurs at one end, known as the top. The stack follows the LIFO (last in, first out) principle. Common stack operations like push and pop are introduced. Implementing stacks using both arrays and linked lists is covered. Applications of stacks like balancing symbols, recursion, undo operations are mentioned. The document then moves to discussing queues, their applications and implementations. Priority queues and their applications are also briefly covered.
Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent.pdfmohdjakirfb
Write a program that converts an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression. The
rules to convert an infix expression into an equivalent postfix expression are as follows (C++):
Initialize pfx to an empty expression and also initialize the stack.
Get the next symbol, sym, from infx.
If sym is an operand, append sym to pfx.
If sym is (, push sym into the stack.
If sym is ), pop and append all of the symbols from the stack until the most recent left
parentheses. Pop and discard the left parentheses.
If sym is an operator:
Pop and append all of the operators from the stack to pfx that are above the most recent left
parentheses and have precedence greater than or equal to sym.
Push sym onto the stack.
After processing infx, some operators might be left in the stack. Pop and append to pfx
everything from the stack.
In this program, you will consider the following (binary) arithmetic operators: +, -, *, and /.
You may assume that the expressions you will process are error free. Design a class that stores
the infix and postfix strings. The class must include the following operations:
getInfix: Stores the infix expression.
showInfix: Outputs the infix expression.
showPostfix: Outputs the postfix expression.
convertToPostfix: Converts the infix expression into a postfix expression. The resulting postfix
expression is stored in pfx.
precedence: Determines the precedence between two operators. If the first operator is of higher
or equal precedence than the second operator, it returns the value true; otherwise, it returns the
value false.
A + B - C;
(A + B ) * C;
(A + B) * (C - D);
A + ((B + C) * (E - F) - G) / (H - I);
A + B * (C + D ) - E / F * G + H;
Infix Expression: A+B-C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C-
Infix Expression: (A+B)*C;
Postfix Expression: AB+C*
Infix Expression: (A+B)*(C-D);
Postfix Expression: AB+CD-*
Infix Expression: A+((B+C)*(E-F)-G)/(H-I);
Postfix Expression: ABC+EF-*G-HI-/+
Infix Expression: A+B*(C+D)-E/F*G+H;
Postfix Expression: ABCD+*+EF/G*-H+
Turn in:
A UML diagram for your class.
The header file for your class.
The implementation file for your class.
The source code for your test program. (C++)
(Below already done code.)
//Header file: myStack.h
#ifndef H_StackType
#define H_StackType
#include
#include
#include \"stackADT.h\"
using namespace std;
template
class stackType: public stackADT
{
public:
const stackType& operator=(const stackType&);
//Overload the assignment operator.
void initializeStack();
//Function to initialize the stack to an empty state.
//Postcondition: stackTop = 0
bool isEmptyStack() const;
//Function to determine whether the stack is empty.
//Postcondition: Returns true if the stack is empty,
// otherwise returns false.
bool isFullStack() const;
//Function to determine whether the stack is full.
//Postcondition: Returns true if the stack is full,
// otherwise returns false.
void push(const Type& newItem);
//Function to add newItem to the stack.
//Precondition: The stack exists and is not full.
//Postc.
The document discusses stacks and queues, which are fundamental data structures that can insert and remove items. Stacks follow the LIFO (last in, first out) principle, while queues follow the FIFO (first in, first out) principle. The document provides implementations of stacks and queues using linked lists and arrays and examples of their applications in parsing, compilers, undo functions, and more.
The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to convert between notations and perform calculations.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix and evaluating the postfix expression 50, 60, +, 20, 10, -, *.
The document discusses stacks and their applications. It provides 3 key points:
1. A stack is an abstract data type that follows LIFO (last-in, first-out) principles with push and pop operations. Functions like stack_full and stack_empty are used to implement stacks.
2. Stacks have applications in converting infix notation to postfix notation and evaluating postfix expressions. The algorithms pop and push operators and operands to produce the postfix form or calculate values.
3. Examples show converting the infix expression (A * B + (C - D / E)) to postfix AB*C(D-F/)++ and evaluating the postfix form of True, False, NOT, AND,
A stack is a data structure where items can only be inserted and removed from one end. The last item inserted is the first item removed (LIFO). Common examples include stacks of books, plates, or bank transactions. Key stack operations are push to insert, pop to remove, and functions to check if the stack is empty or full. Stacks can be used to implement operations like reversing a string, converting infix to postfix notation, and evaluating arithmetic expressions.
The document discusses stacks, which are linear data structures that follow the LIFO (last-in, first-out) principle. Stacks allow elements to be inserted and removed from one end through push and pop operations. Common stack operations are described like push, pop, isEmpty and their functions. Examples of stack operations and conversions between infix, prefix and postfix notations are provided.
An abstract data type (ADT) is a mathematical model for data structures that defines the type solely by the operations that can be performed on it. For example, a stack ADT can be defined by two operations: push, which inserts an item into the stack, and pop, which removes the top item. Abstract data types are theoretical entities used to simplify algorithm descriptions and formally describe programming language type systems. A stack is a linear data structure that follows the last-in, first-out principle, where items can only be inserted or removed from one end of the stack. Stacks have common applications in arithmetic expression evaluation, backtracking, and function call processing.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
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The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
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ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
Data Structures and Agorithm: DS 08 Infix to Postfix.pptx
1. Data Structure
Lecture No. 8
Infix to Postfix
Conversion
Engr. Rashid Farid Chishti
http://youtube.com/rfchishti
http://sites.google.com/site/chishti
International Islamic University H-10, Islamabad, Pakistan
Video Lecture
2. Consider the infix expressions A+B*C and (A+B)*C.
The postfix versions are ABC*+ and AB+C*.
The order of operands in postfix is the same as the infix.
In scanning from left to right
The operand ‘A’ can be inserted into postfix expression.
The ‘+’ cannot be inserted until its second operand has been scanned and
inserted.
The ‘+’ has to be stored away until its proper position is found.
When ‘B’ is seen, it is immediately inserted into the postfix expression.
Can the ‘+’ be inserted now? In the case of A+B*C cannot because * has
precedence.
In case of (A+B)*C, the closing parenthesis indicates that ‘+’ must be
performed first.
Converting Infix to Postfix
3. So we set priority to each
operator.
Operator Priority
^ 3(highest)
/, * 2
+, - 1 (lowest)
Here is the algorithm that converts
infix expression to its postfix form.
The infix expression is without
parenthesis.
Converting Infix to Postfix
1. Stack s;
2. while( not end of input ) {
3. c = next input character;
4. if( c is an operand )
5. add c to postfix string;
6. else {
7. while(!s.empty() && pr(c)<= pr(s.top())
8. {
9. op = s.pop();
10. add op to the postfix string;
11. }
12. s.push( c );
13. }
14. while( !s.empty() ) {
15. op = s.pop();
16. add op to postfix string;
17. }
4. Example: A + B * C
Symb postfix stack
A A
+ A +
B AB +
* AB + *
C ABC + *
ABC * +
ABC * +
Infix to Postfix Example
Read all the symbols one by one from left to
right in the given Infix Expression.
If the reading symbol is operand, then directly
print it to the result (Output).
If the reading symbol is left parenthesis '(', then
Push it on to the Stack.
If the reading symbol is right parenthesis ')',
then Pop all the contents of stack until
respective left parenthesis is poped and print
each poped symbol to the result.
If the reading symbol is operator (+ , - , * , /
etc.,), then Push it on to the Stack. However, first
pop the operators which are already on the
stack that have higher or equal precedence than
current operator and print them to the result.
5. Example: A ^ B * C - D + E / F
Infix to Postfix Example
Symbol Stack Postfix Comments
A A A is operand
^ ^ A ^ is operator
B ^ A B B is operand
* A B ^ (* <= ^) = true, pop ^
* A B ^ stack is empty so push *
C * A B ^ C C is operand
– A B ^ C * (- <= *) = true, pop *
– A B ^ C * stack is empty so push –
D – A B ^ C * D D is operand
+ A B ^ C * D – (+ <= -) = true, pop –
+ A B ^ C * D – stack is empty so push +
6. Example: A ^ B * - D + E / F
Infix to Postfix Example
Symbol Stack Postfix Comments
E + A B ^ C * D – E E is operand
/ + / A B ^ C * D – E (/ <= +) = false, push /
F + / A B ^ C * D – E F F is operand
+ A B ^ C * D – E F / pop /
A B ^ C * D – E F / + pop +
7. #include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef int Type;
struct Node{
Type data ;
Node * next ;
};
class Stack{
private : Node* head;
public : Stack( );
bool Is_Empty();
Type Top();
void Push ( Type Data );
Type Pop ( );
~Stack( ) ;
};
Stack::Stack( ){ head = NULL; }
7
Example 1: Infix to Postfix
bool Stack::Is_Empty() {
return head == NULL;
}
Type Stack::Top() {
if ( !Is_Empty() )
return head->data;
return -1;
}
void Stack :: Push ( Type Data ) {
Node *newNode ;
newNode = new Node ;
if ( newNode == NULL ){
cout << endl << "Stack is full" ;
return;
}
newNode -> data = Data ;
newNode -> next = head ;
head = newNode ;
}
1 2
8. Type Stack :: Pop( ) {
if ( Is_Empty() ){
cout << "Stack is empty " ;
return -1 ;
}
Node *current ;
Type Data ;
current = head ;
Data = current -> data ;
head = head -> next ;
delete current ;
return Data ;
}
Stack :: ~Stack( ){
Node *current ;
while ( head != NULL ){
current = head ;
head = head -> next ;
delete head ;
8
Example 1: Infix to Postfix
}
}
class In2Post{
private: Stack s; char* expr;
public:
In2Post(char eq[]);
bool Is_Operand(char op);
int Priority (char op);
void Convert();
};
In2Post::In2Post(char eq[]) {
expr = new char[strlen(eq) + 1];
strcpy(expr,eq);
}
3 4
9. bool In2Post::Is_Operand(char op){
switch(op){
case '+': return false;
case '-': return false;
case '*': return false;
case '/': return false;
case '^': return false;
default: return true;
}
}
int In2Post::Priority (char op){
switch(op){
case '^': return 3;
case '*':
case '/': return 2 ;
case '+':
case '-': return 1 ;
default : return 0; } }
9
Example 1: Infix to Postfix
void In2Post::Convert(){
char c, p;
for ( int i =0 ; expr[i] ; i++){
c = expr[i];
if ( c == ' ' || c == 't' )
continue ;
if ( Is_Operand(c))
cout << c <<" ";
else{
while( !s.Is_Empty() &&
(Priority(c) <= Priority(s.Top())) )
{
p = s.Pop();
cout << p << " ";
}
s.Push( c );
}
}
5 6
10. while( !s.Is_Empty() ) {
c = s.Pop();
cout << c <<" ";
}
}
int main( ){
char expression [] =
// {"A+B*C"}; // A B C * +
// {"A+B-C"}; // A B + C -
{"A ^ B * C - D + E / F"};
// A B ^ C * D – E F / +
In2Post I2P(expression);
I2P.Convert();
cout << endl;
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
10
Example 1: Infix to Postfix
7 8
11. Example: A + ( B * C - ( D / E ^ F ) * G ) * H
Infix to Postfix Example with Parenthesis
Symbol Stack Postfix Comments
A A A is operand
+ + A Stack is empty, push +
( + ( A Push (
B + ( A B B is operand
* + ( * A B ( * <= ( ) = false, push *
C + ( * A B C C is operand
– + ( A B C * ( - <= * ) = true, pop *
+ ( – A B C * ( - <= ( ) = false, push –
( + ( – ( A B C * push (
D + ( – ( A B C * D D is operand
/ + ( – ( / A B C * D ( / <= ( ) = false, push /
E + ( – ( / A B C * D E E is operand
^ + ( – ( / ^ A B C * D E ( ^ <= / ) = false, push ^
12. Example: A + ( B * C - ( D / E ^ F ) * G ) * H
Infix to Postfix Example with Parenthesis
Symbol Stack Postfix Comments
F + ( – ( / ^ A B C * D E F F is operand
) + ( – ( / A B C * D E F ^ pop until we get (
+ ( – ( A B C * D E F ^ / pop until we get (
+ ( – A B C * D E F ^ / pop until we get (
* + ( – * A B C * D E F ^ / ( * <= - ) = false, push *
G + ( – * A B C * D E F ^ / G G is operand
) + ( – A B C * D E F ^ / G * pop until we get (
+ ( A B C * D E F ^ / G * - pop until we get (
+ A B C * D E F ^ / G * - pop until we get (
* + * A B C * D E F ^ / G * - ( * <= + ) = false, push *
H + * A B C * D E F ^ / G * - H H is operand
+ A B C * D E F ^ / G * - H * pop until stack is empty
A B C * D E F ^ / G * - H * + pop until stack is empty
13. #include <iostream>
#include <math.h> // for pow( , )
using namespace std;
typedef char Type;
class Stack{
private :
struct node{
Type data ;
node * next ;
} *head;
public :
Stack( ) { head = NULL ; }
Type top() { return head->data; }
bool IsEmpty();
void Push ( Type Data );
Type Pop ( );
~Stack( ) ;
};
13
Example 2: Infix to Postfix with Parenthesis
bool Stack::IsEmpty(){
return head ==NULL;
}
void Stack :: Push ( Type Data ) {
node *newNode ;
newNode = new node ;
if ( newNode == NULL ){
cout << endl << "Stack is full" ;
return;
}
newNode -> data = Data ;
newNode -> next = head ;
head = newNode ;
}
1 2
14. Type Stack :: Pop( ) {
if ( IsEmpty() ){
cout << "Stack is empty " ;
return -1 ;
}
node *current ; Type Data ;
current = head ;
Data = current -> data ;
head = head -> next ;
delete current ;
return Data ;
}
// deallocates memory
Stack :: ~Stack( ){
node *current ;
while ( head != NULL ){
current = head ;
head = head -> next ;
14
Example 2: Infix to Postfix with Parenthesis
delete head ;
}
}
class In2Post {
private:
Stack s;
char* expr;
public:
In2Post(char eq[]);
bool is_operand(char op);
int Priority (char op);
void Convert();
};
In2Post::In2Post(char eq[]) {
expr = new char[strlen(eq) + 1];
strcpy(expr,eq);
}
3 4
15. bool In2Post :: is_operand(char op){
switch(op){
case '+': return false;
case '-': return false;
case '*': return false;
case '/': return false;
case '^': return false;
case '(': return false;
case ')': return false;
default : return true ;
}
}
15
Example 2: Infix to Postfix with Parenthesis
int In2Post::Priority (char op){
switch(op){
case '^': return 3;
case '*':
case '/': return 2 ;
case '+':
case '-': return 1 ;
default : return 0;
}
}
5 6
16. void In2Post::Convert(){
char c, p;
for ( int i =0 ; expr[i] ; i++){
c = expr[i];
if ( c == ' ' || c == 't' )
continue ;
else if ( is_operand(c))
cout << c <<" ";
else if(c=='(' )
s.Push( c );
else if(c==')' ){
while( true ){
p = s.Pop();
if( p == '(')
break;
else
cout << p <<" ";
}
}
16
Example 2: Infix to Postfix with Parenthesis
else{
while( !s.IsEmpty() &&
(Priority(c) <= Priority(s.top()))) {
p = s.Pop();
if( p !=')' && p !='(')
cout << p << " ";
}
s.Push( c );
}
}
while( !s.IsEmpty() ) {
p = s.Pop();
if( p !=')' && p !='(')
cout << p << " ";
}
}
7 8
17. int main( ){
char expression [] =
// {"A+B*C"}; // ABC*+
// {"A+B-C"}; // AB+C-
// {"A^B*C-D+E/F"};
// = A B ^ C*D – E F/+
// {"(A+B)*(C-D)"};
// = A B + C D - *
// {"(A+B)*C"}; // ABC*+
{" A + ( B * C - ( D / E ^ F )"
" * G ) * H "};
// = A B C * D E F ^ / G * - H * +
In2Post I2P(expression);
I2P.Convert();
cout << endl;
system("PAUSE"); return 0;
}
17
Example 2: Infix to Postfix with Parenthesis
9 10