Css sf azure_8-9-17-protecting_web_apps_stephen coty_al
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The document discusses strategies for protecting web applications from security threats. It begins by examining the types of attacks organizations face, including application attacks, brute force attacks, and suspicious activity. It then covers hacker reconnaissance methods such as crawling websites, using vulnerability scanners, and searching open forums and the dark web. The document outlines how attacks can escalate from exploiting web applications to gaining privileged access. It concludes by providing recommendations for developing a secure code, access management policies, patch management, monitoring strategies, and staying informed of the latest vulnerabilities.
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Css sf azure_8-9-17-protecting_web_apps_stephen coty_al
- 1. WEB APPLICATION SECURITY: PROTECTING YOUR WEB APPLICATION Stephen Coty Chief Security Evangelist, Alert Logic
- 2. Threats by Customer Environment Source: Alert Logic 2015 Customer Data 48% 23% 21% 2% 6% CLOUD ATTACKS APPLICATION ATTACK BRUTE FORCE RECON SUSPICIOUS ACTIVITY TROJAN ACTIVITY 25% 47% 10% 11% 7% Brick and Mortar ATTACKS APPLICATION ATTACK BRUTE FORCE RECON SUSPICIOUS ACTIVITY TROJAN ACTIVITY
- 3. Web Application Security sqli, 59% openvas, 13% apache_struts, 9% joomlaua, 4% pagerank, 2% havij, 2% magento_sqli, 2% sqli_error, 2% sqlmap, 1% tor, 1% sqli openvas apache_struts joomlaua pagerank havij magento_sqli sqli_error sqlmap tor Source: Alert Logic CSR 2016
- 4. SQL Injection Last 60 Days - 060817
- 5. Vulnerabilities + Change + Shortage Complexity of defending web applications and workloads Risks are moving up the stack 1. Wide range of attacks at every layer of the stack 2. Rapidly changing codebase can introduce unknown vulnerabilities 3. Long tail of exposures inherited from 3rd party development tools 4. Extreme shortage of cloud and application security expertise Web App Attacks OWASP Top 10 Platform / Library Attacks System / Network Attacks Perimeter & end-point security tools fail to protect cloud attack surface Web Apps Server-side Apps App Frameworks Dev Platforms Server OS Hypervisor Databases Networking Cloud Management
- 6. Web Application Security Web Apps Server-side Apps App Frameworks Dev Platforms Server OS Hypervisor Databases Networking Cloud Management
- 7. Web Application Vulnerability Example CVE-1999-0278 – in IIS, remote attackers can obtain source code for ASP files by appending “::$DATA” to the URL Patch MS98-003 Web Apps Server-side Apps App Frameworks Dev Platforms Server OS Hypervisor Databases Networking Cloud Management
- 9. Hacker Recon Methods Crawling Target Website Mass Vulnerability Crawl Open Forums Dark Web Web Apps Server-side Apps App Frameworks Dev Platforms Server OS Hypervisor Databases Networking Cloud Management
- 10. Crawling Target Website • Manual - Browse the website as a normal user - Gather email addresses, related domains and domain info - Web application code language o Revision o Plug-ins - Web server OS - User input pages - Directory structure - Backend systems • Software tools - Find hidden forms, software version, js files, links and comments
- 11. Mass Vulnerability Crawl - Example • Google Dorking – (aka Google hacking) Uses the search engine to find difficult information using complex, detailed search queries - Plug in search string to find vulnerable websites - Some have preset search strings - Search results are dynamic - Timing is everything o Target system could be patched o Other hackers got there first
- 12. Open Forums - Example • Vulnerability details - Date reported - Type of vulnerability - Platform impacted - Author (not shown) - Verification (time permitting) - Link to infected application (some)
- 13. Open Forums – Example
- 14. Targeted - Dark Web • Encrypted network • Restricted access between Tor servers and clients • Collection of DBs and communication channels • Hidden from conventional search engines • Shares some features with Open Forums • Tor browser required • More advanced resources and tools
- 16. Attack Methodology • Attack of opportunity - Hacker finds vulnerability within skillset - Target system and organization irrelevant • Targeted attack - Specific to people or organization - System resources • Low cost of entry - Open list of vulnerabilities - Targets easy to find - Hacker’s skill-set varies
- 17. Attacks of Opportunity • Vulnerability Database Monitoring • Block Network Vulnerability Scanning • Google Dorking • Shodan • Application Vulnerability Scan
- 18. Targeted Attacks • Scanning IP Internet Assets • Application/Network Vulnerability Scan • Careers Page • Research Technologies • Social Media Profiling • Phishing Email • Escalate Privileges • Maintain Access • Exfiltration of Data
- 19. FROM WEB APPS TO PRIVILEGED ACCESS
- 20. From Web Apps to Privileged Access • How hacking a web app can lead to system compromise - Code analysis o Review of code to reveal unintended system information - System scanning o Other software could have vulnerabilities - Session Hijacking o Exploiting a current, valid session - Social Engineering o Deception used to manipulate behavior
- 21. From Web Apps to Privileged Access • Code analysis - Account information o Usernames and passwords o Plain text or hashed - Software tools o Web search o Scan to identify • Usernames & passwords o Brute force to crack encryption o Throttle tools to avoid detection o Offline may be an option
- 22. From Web Apps to Privileged Access • Session Hijacking - Obfuscated code o Embedded in images o Mouse-over techniques - Proxy replay - Malicious binary - Session cookies - Java script injection - Cross-site scripting - Routine system maintenance - Bind shell
- 24. Secure Your Code • Test inputs that are open to the Internet • Add delays to your code to confuse bots • Use encryption when you can • Test libraries • Scan plugins • Scan your code after every update • Limit privileges • DevSecOps
- 25. Create Access Management Policies • Identify data infrastructure that requires access • Define roles and responsibilities • Simplify access controls • Key Management System (KMS) • Continually audit access • Start with a least privilege access model
- 26. Adopt a Patch Management Approach • Constantly scan all production systems • Compare reported vulnerabilities to production infrastructure • Classify the risk based on vulnerability and likelihood • Test patches before you release into production • Setup a regular patching schedule • Keep informed, follow bugtraqer • Golden Images • Reference Architecture, Formation Templates
- 27. Understand Your Service Providers Security Model Azure Platform Services Security & Management Azure Infrastructure Services Web Apps Mobile Apps API Management API Apps Logic Apps Notification Hubs Content Delivery Network (CDN) Media Services HDInsight Machine Learning Stream Analytics Data Factory Event Hubs Mobile Engagement Active Directory Multi-Factor Authentication Portal Key Vault Biztalk Services Hybrid Connections Service Bus Storage Queues Store / Marketplace Hybrid Operations Backup StorSimple Site Recovery Import/Export SQL Database DocumentDB Redis Cache Search Tables SQL Data Warehouse Azure AD Connect Health AD Privileged Identity Management Operational Insights Cloud Services Batch Remote App Service Fabric Visual Studio Application Insights Azure SDK Team Project VM Image Gallery & VM Depot Azure Security Center Automation
- 28. Security Management and Monitoring Strategy • Monitoring for malicious activity • Scanning Services • Forensic investigations • Compliance needs • System performance • All sources of log data is collected • Data types (OS, CMS, DB, Web) • WAF • Correlation logic • IAM behavior • IDS Network traffic • FIM Logs • Focused security research • Security content creation • Review process • Live monitoring
- 29. Follow our Research & Stay Informed on the Latest Vulnerabilities Blog https://www.alertlogtic.com/resources/blog Newsletter https://www.alertlogic.com/weekly-threat-report/ Cloud Security Report https://www.alertlogic.com/resources/cloud-security-report/ Zero Day Magazine https://www.alertlogic.com/zerodaymagazine/ Twitter @AlertLogic @StephenCoty @_PaulFletcher Websites to follow • http://www.securityfocus.com • http://www.exploit-db.com • http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/ • http://www.securitybloggersnetwork.com/ • http://cve.mitre.org/ • http://nvd.nist.gov/
- 30. How Alert Logic Detects Threats