This document provides instruction for students taking a creative industry course on visual art. It covers the key elements of color, form, and space. For color, it defines the properties of hue, intensity, and value. It also explains color schemes using the color wheel and complementary, analogous, split-complementary, triadic, square, and rectangle schemes. For form, it defines form and how to render form in 2D using values, highlights and shadows. For space, it defines positive and negative space, open and closed space, shallow and deep space, and 2D and 3D space. It provides instructions for completing plates demonstrating color wheel, complementary colors, warm/cool colors, types of form, and rendering form with

1. Creative Industry I: Visual Art
Lecture No. 3
Philippine Women’s College of Davao
Wilfred Dexter Tañedo

2. General Instructions
 Read through the Power Point
Presentation and Do the Plates and
Project for each Element of Design.
 Submission of All Plates and Project
is on October 17, 2016.

3. Definition of Color
 refers to reflected light on an object as
seen by the human eye.

4. 3 Properties of Color
 Hue = the name of the color
example red, yellow, blue, etc.
 Intensity = the strength and vividness of the color.
example color blue as "royal" (bright, rich, vibrant) or
"dull" (grayed).
 Value = the lightness or darkness of the color
Also remember:
 Tints- are created by adding white to a color
 Shades- are created by adding black to a color
 Tones- are created by adding gray to a color

5. The Color Wheel
Primary Colors
solid colors; no other
colors can create them
Secondary Colors
equal combination of
two primary colors
Tertiary Colors
unequal combination
of two primary colors or
combination of three or
more colors
TRIVIA: The first circular color diagram
was designed by Sir Isaac Newton in 1666.

6. Color Schemes and Its Effects
 Complimentary Colors
Pairs of colors which, when combined,
cancel each other out. This means that when
combined, they produce a grey-scale color like
white or black. When placed next to each other,
they create the strongest contrast for those
particular two colors. The high contrast of
complementary colors creates a vibrant look
especially when used at full saturation. This
color scheme must be managed well so it is not
jarring.
Complementary color schemes are
tricky to use in large doses, but work well when
you want something to stand out.
Complementary colors are really bad for text.
They are located opposite each other in the
Color Wheel.

7. Color Schemes and Its
Effects Analogous Colors
Analogous color schemes use
colors that are next to each other on the
color wheel. They usually match well and
create serene and comfortable designs.
Analogous color schemes are
often found in nature and are harmonious
and pleasing to the eye.
Make sure you have enough
contrast when choosing an analogous color
scheme.
Choose one color to dominate, a
second to support. The third color is used
(along with black, white or gray) as an
accent.

8. Color Schemes and Its
Effects Triadic color scheme
A triadic color scheme
uses colors that are evenly
spaced around the color wheel.
Triadic color schemes
tend to be quite vibrant, even if
you use pale or unsaturated
versions of your hues.
To use a triadic harmony
successfully, the colors should
be carefully balanced - let one
color dominate and use the two
others for accent.

9. Color Schemes and Its
Effects
 Split-Complementary color
scheme
The split-complementary
color scheme is a variation of the
complementary color scheme. In
addition to the base color, it uses the
two colors adjacent to its
complement.
This color scheme has the
same strong visual contrast as the
complementary color scheme, but
has less tension.
The split-complimentary color
scheme is often a good choice for
beginners, because it is difficult to
mess up.

10. Color Schemes and Its
Effects
 Rectangle (tetradic) Color Scheme
The rectangle or tetradic color
scheme uses four colors arranged into
two complementary pairs.
This rich color scheme offers
plenty of possibilities for variation.
Tetradic color schemes works
best if you let one color be dominant.
You should also pay attention to
the balance between warm and cool
colors in your design.

11. Color Schemes and Its
Effects
 Square Color Scheme
The square color
scheme is similar to the
rectangle, but with all four
colors spaced evenly
around the color circle.
Square color
schemes works best if you
let one color be dominant.
You should also pay
attention to the balance
between warm and cool
colors in your design.

13. Color Temperature in
Painting
 Color temperature described the overall
color range in a composition, can
compare the relationship between two
colors, or describe the difference
between two similar hues.
 Color temperature can be used for
emotional effect, or set up the lighting of
environment of a scene.

14. Understanding Color Temperature
Temperature within a Color
Color temperature is not always
used to describe the relationship
between different colors as it is
sometimes applied to the difference
between two variants of the same color.
Looking at the two versions of green on
the right, we can see one appears
cooler than the other.
The same is true looking at two
versions of orange. We can see that one
orange appears warmer than the other.
This is true of any comparison
between two similar colors. Besides
value or saturation differences we will
find temperature differences as well.

15. Color Temperature in Painting
Warm Colors Cool Colors
Such as red, yellow and
orange – can spark a
variety of emotions ranging
from comfort and warmth to
hostility and anger.
A warm color is one that
gives the viewer a sense of
warmth, energy, or heat,
such as the colors of the
sun.
Such as green, blue and
purple – often spark
feelings of calmness as well
as sadness.
A cool color is a color that
gives a sense of coolness,
cold, or stillness, such as
the colors of the ocean.

16. Plates for Color
 Plate No. 3: The 12-Color Wheel
 Plate No. 4: Complimentary Colors
 Plate No. 5: Warm and Cool Colors
Materials: Compass, Pencil, Brush, Acrylic Paint

17. Plate No. 3: 12-Color Wheel
INSTRUCTIONS Plate 33: The 12-Color
Wheel
 Landscape orientation;
follow the proper margin
rule
 Use Watercolor for the
colors
 Use pencil to draw the
circle and lines and after
painting INK your work
with your techpen.
 The circle should be 6
inches in diameter.

18. Plate 4: Complimentary Colors
 Landscape orientation;
follow the proper
margin rule
 Use Watercolor for the
colors
 Use pencil to draw the
circle and lines and
after painting INK your
work with your
techpen.
 Each box should be
2.5 x 2.5 inches

19. Plate 5: Warm and Cool Colors
A> Use white and black paint
to create a tint and shade of
color
B>Revise this diagram into
only 3 color bands instead of 6
color bands. Each band of color
should be 2 inches thick
C>The middle band should be
the base color. The top color
should be cooler (use white)
and the inner color should be
warmer (use black)
D>Use the 12 Color Wheel
E> The circle should have a
diameter of 6 inches.

20. Physical characteristics
Varieties of Form
Form in relations to other Elements of Art

21. Form
 a form is a three-dimensional
geometrical figure (i.e.: sphere, cube,
cylinder, cone, etc.), as opposed to a
shape, which is two-dimensional, or flat.

22. Form
 In a broader sense, form, in art, means
the whole of a piece's visible elements
and the way those elements are united.
 Form allows the viewers to mentally
capture the work, understand it and
attempt to analyze it.

23. Rendering Form in a 2D
 When drawing
representationally,
the goal is to
create the illusion
of form.
 To create the
illusion of form by
understanding
how light reacts on
the object.

24. Understanding Form
 Light reacts on objects and is communicated to viewers through
several factors. Adjusting these areas with values of the local color
will result in the illusion of form in a drawing or painting.
 The highlight is the area where light is hitting the object directly.
 The midtone is the middle value of the local color of the object.
 The core shadow is the area(s) that is shaded on the object.
 The cast shadow is the area(s) that is shaded on surrounding
objects and surfaces because of blocked light.
 The reflected highlight is the area on an object that is lighter
because of reflected light off of surrounding objects.

25. Plates for Form
Plate No. 6: Types of Form
(Technical Pen #3, #5, #8, Pencil)
Plate No. 7: Rendering Form in 2D
using Pencil
(pencil)
Plate No. 8: Rendering Form in 2D
using Watercolor
(pencil, watercolor)

26. PLATE No. 6:
Types of Form
• Orientation is Portrait; Follow the
proper margin
• Each box should be 2 x 2 inches
• Follow the style of drawing for
each box
• Stippling is also known as
pointillism; Use your techpen for
Hatching, Crosshatching and
Stippling and use Pencil only on
Blending

27. Plate No. 7: Rendering Form in
2D using Pencil
 Landscape
orientation; follow
 Create a tonal
value by blending
the shades of your
pencil. You may
use your fingers or
tissue or cotton
tips to blend the
pencil.
 Follow the image
presented.

28. Plate No. 8: Rendering Form in 2D
using Water Color
• Orientation is Landscape; Follow
the proper margin
• Adjust the size of each form to fit
the space of your plate.
• Use Pencil to sketch and paint
using water color.
• DO NOT INK your work
• Use only the color blue to paint this
work.

29. Definition
Characteristics
Manipulations

30. Defining space
 Refers to the area within, around, above or below an object
or objects.
 It is important to creating and understanding both two
dimensional or three dimensional works of art. With three
dimensional art the space things occupy is real as is the
space around object. In two dimensional art this is
definitely not the case. Two dimensional art exists on a flat
surface, so if something looks three dimensional- it is an
illusion.
Note: Even the most realistic paintings or photographs are
illusions. Two dimensional artists use a number of "tricks" for
creating the illusion of depth in their art.

31. Characteristics of space:
positive or negative
POSITIVE SPACE:
SUBJECT
NEGATIVE SPACE:
BACKGROUND

32. Characteristics of space:
open or close
OPEN: SHAPE IS
“VISUALLY FORMED” CLOSE: SHAPE IS
DEFINED

33. Characteristics of space:
shallow or deep
Shallow: objects very
close to the viewer
Deep: may show objects up close but
objects are shown far away too.

34. Characteristics of space:
2-dimensional or 3-dimensional
2-Dimensional having or
appearing to have length and
width but no depth.
3-Dimensional having or
appearing to have length,
width, and depth.

35. ARTIST MANIPULATION OF
SPACE Foreground
the ground or parts
situated, or parts situated, or
represented, in the front; the
portion of a scene nearest to the
viewer
 Middleground
an intermediate position
or area, a halfway point
 Background
the part of an image
represented as being at
maximum distance from the
frontal plane

36. Plate 9: CHARACTERISTICS OF SPACE
CHART Create 6 Boxes of 2.5 inches each; Label each box
accordingly
 Create your own interpretation of the space manipulation
PPOSITIVE SHALLOW 2-DIMESIONAL
NEGATIVE DEEP 3 DIMENSIONAL

37. PROJECT for COLOR, SPACE
and FORM
 You will be paired with a classmate and
be required to assemble a cut-out
diorama of a famous Philippine
Architectural Interest
 In a one page short bond paper, Write a
short Historical Background of your
Diorama
Final Submission: October 17, 2016

38. Sources:
http://www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-
theory/color-theory-intro.htm
http://www.paintdrawpaint.com/2011/04/col
or-basics-color-temperature-in.html