The document discusses mental health, including definitions, common disorders, and the Philippine Mental Health Law. It defines mental health as cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Common disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders like depression, and schizophrenia. Anxiety disorders are the most common and include panic disorder, phobias, OCD, and PTSD. Mood disorders involve changes in mood like depression and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia typically begins between ages 15-25 and involves symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. The most common mental illnesses in the Philippines are schizophrenia, substance abuse, PTSD, and depression. The Philippine Mental Health Law was passed in 2018 to enhance mental health services and protections.

1. Understanding
MentalHealth
Definition
Common Disorders
Philippine Mental Health Law

2. In the movie
Nise: In the
Heart of
Darkness
 Issues of Mental Health and its care are raised; Art has become a
supplemental approach in “healing” or creating a sense of
“progressive development in cognitive reasoning” for patients to
have some level of control of their well-being and reality.
 The methods of lobotomy were usually used for patients that are
aggressive and violent; lobotomy is a surgical operation involving
incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, formerly used to treat
mental illness.
 Other issues presented to the movie that are not mental health
issues are: Gender Equality and Medical Malpractices

3. Definition of
Mental Health
Mental health refers to our cognitive, behavioral,
and emotional wellbeing - it is all about how we
think, feel, and behave. The term 'mental health'
is sometimes used to mean an absence of a
mental disorder.
Mental health can affect daily life, relationships, and even physical
health.
Mental health also includes a person's ability to enjoy life - to attain a
balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological
resilience.

4. Definition of
Mental Health
According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary, mental health is:
"Emotional, behavioral, and social maturity or normality; the
absence of a mental or behavioral disorder; a state of
psychological well-being in which one has achieved a satisfactory
integration of one's instinctual drives acceptable to both oneself
and one's social milieu; an appropriate balance of love, work, and
leisure pursuits.“
According to theWHO (World Health Organization), mental health
is:
"... a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her
own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work
productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to
his or her community."
The WHO stresses that mental health "is not just the absence of
mental disorder."

5. Importance of
Mental Health
andWellness
to a Person
Positive mental health allows people to:
 Realize their full potential
 Cope with the stresses of life
 Work productively
 Make meaningful contributions to their communities

6. Understanding
the Importance
ofAddressing
MentalHealth
Issues
 Experts say we all have the potential to develop mental health
problems; Regardless of Age, Gender, Race and Social-Economic
Status.
 According to latest numbers of the World Health Organization
(WHO), over 300 million people are known to be suffering from
depression worldwide. While here in the Philippines, over six
million Filipinos live with anxiety and depressive disorders.
 There are also 2,558 recorded suicides in the country in 2012,
where most were males diagnosed with mental health disorders.
 A large proportion of the people who have a mental disorder have
more than one.
 In the U.S. and much of the developed world, mental disorders are
one of the leading causes of disability.

7. Factors that
Causes Mental
Health Issues
 Biological factors
 Life experiences:
trauma social disadvantage long term stress
abuse social isolation bereavement
substance & alcohol abuse
 Family history of mental health problems
 Physical accidents or illness

8. Types of
Mental Illness
Common Disorders
The most common types of mental illness are
anxiety disorders
mood disorders
schizophrenia disorders

9. Anxiety
Disorders
Anxietydisordersarethe
mostcommontypesof
mentalillness.
Theindividualhasasevere
fearoranxiety,whichis
linkedtocertainobjectsor
situations.
Mostpeoplewithananxiety
disorderwilltrytoavoid
exposuretowhatever
triggerstheiranxiety.
 Panic disorder - the person experiences sudden paralyzing terror or a
sense of imminent disaster.
 Phobias - these may include simple phobias (a disproportionate fear
of objects), social phobias (fear of being subject to the judgment of
others), and agoraphobia (dread of situations where getting away or
breaking free may be difficult).We really do not know how many
phobias there are - there could be thousands of types.
 Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - the person has obsessions and
compulsions. In other words, constant stressful thoughts (obsessions),
and a powerful urge to perform repetitive acts, such as hand washing
(compulsion).
 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - this can occur after somebody
has been through a traumatic event - something horrible or
frightening that they experienced or witnessed. During this type of
event, the person thinks that their life or other people's lives are in
danger.They may feel afraid or feel that they have no control over
what is happening.

10. Mood
Disorders
These arealsoknownas
Affective Disorders or
Depressive Disorders.
Patientswith these
conditionshave
significant changesin
mood,generally
involvingeither mania
(elation) ordepression.
 Major depression - the individual is no longer interested in and
does not enjoy activities and events that they previously liked.
There are extreme or prolonged periods of sadness.
 Bipolar disorder - previously known as manic-depressive illness, or
manic depression.The individual switches from episodes of
euphoria (mania) to depression (despair).
 Persistent depressive disorder - previously known as dysthymia,
this is mild chronic (long term) depression.The patient has similar
symptoms to major depression but to a lesser extent.

11. Schizophrenia
Disorders
Whetherornot
schizophreniaisasingle
disorderoragroupof
relatedillnesseshasyetto
befullydetermined. Itisa
highlycomplexcondition.
Schizophrenianormally
beginsbetweentheagesof
15and25.Theindividualhas
thoughtsthatappear
fragmented;theyalsofindit
hardtoprocessinformation.
 Positive symptoms include delusions, thought
disorders, and hallucinations.
 Negative symptoms include withdrawal, lack of
motivation, and a flat or inappropriate mood.
 Cognitive symptoms include affected memory,
learning and understanding; subtle and difficult to
notice
*symptoms a physical or mental feature that is regarded as
indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is
apparent to the patient.

12. The most
common
Mental Illness
in the
Philippines
Schizophrenia
 Substance abuse
 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
 Depression
Source:
http://www.modernfilipina.ph/health/health-issues/mental-illness-stigma-philippines

13. What do you
know about
Mental Health
and Mental
Health Issues?
Give your personal insights and understanding of Mental Health and
Mental Issues?

14. Myths & Facts
Myth: Mental health problems don't affect me.
Fact: Mental health problems are actually very common.
 The mental health situation in the Philippines is something we
should be able to talk freely about. Approximately 1 in 5 Filipino
adults suffers from a mental disorder — this isn’t to mention the
10 to 15 percent of children who also have mental health
conditions.
 The most common mental illnesses in the country include
schizophrenia, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), and depression.

15. Myths & Facts
Myth: Children don't experience mental health problems.
Fact: Even very young children may show early warning signs of
mental health concerns.These mental health problems are often
clinically diagnosable, and can be a product of the interaction of
biological, psychological, and social factors.
 Half of all mental health disorders show first signs before a person
turns 14 years old, and three quarters of mental health disorders
begin before age 24.
 Unfortunately, less than 20% of children and adolescents with
diagnosable mental health problems receive the treatment they
need. Early mental health support can help a child before
problems interfere with other developmental needs.

16. Myths & Facts
Myth: People with mental health problems are violent and
unpredictable.
Fact: The vast majority of people with mental health problems are
no more likely to be violent than anyone else. Most people with
mental illness are not violent and only 3%–5% of violent acts can be
attributed to individuals living with a serious mental illness. In fact,
people with severe mental illnesses are over 10 times more likely to
be victims of violent crime than the general population. You
probably know someone with a mental health problem and don't
even realize it, because many people with mental health problems
are highly active and productive members of our communities.

17. Myths & Facts
Myth: People with mental health needs, even those who are
managing their mental illness, cannot tolerate the stress of holding
down a job.
Fact: People with mental health problems are just as productive as
other employees. Employers who hire people with mental health
problems report good attendance and punctuality as well as
motivation, good work, and job tenure on par with or greater than
other employees.
When employees with mental health problems receive effective
treatment, it can result in:
 Lower total medical costs
 Increased productivity
 Lower absenteeism
 Decreased disability costs

18. Myths & Facts
Myth: Personality weakness or character flaws cause mental health
problems. People with mental health problems can snap out of it if
they try hard enough.
Fact: Mental health problems have nothing to do with being lazy or
weak and many people need help to get better. Many factors
contribute to mental health problems, including:
 Biological factors, such as genes, physical illness, injury, or brain
chemistry
 Life experiences, such as trauma or a history of abuse
 Family history of mental health problems
People with mental health problems can get
better and many recover completely.

19. Mental Health
in the
Philippines
Philippine Mental Health Law
(Republic Act No. 11036, or RA 11036)
was signed into law on June 21, 2018.
proposes a mental health policy that aims to enhance
integrated mental health services, the promotion ofmental
health services, protection of people who use said services, and the
establishment of a Philippine mental health council.

20. EarlySigns of
Mental Health
Problem
Withdrawing from people or activities they would normally enjoy.
Sleeping or eating too much or too little.
Feeling as if nothing matters.
Consistently low energy.
Using drugs more than normal (including alcohol and nicotine).
Displaying uncharacteristic emotions.
Confusion.
Not being able to complete standard tasks, such as getting to work or
cooking a meal.
Persistent thoughts or memories that reappear regularly.
Thinking of harming one's self or others.
Hearing voices.
Delusions.

21. Treatment of
Mental Illness
There are various ways people with mental health problems might
receive treatment. It is important to know that what works for one
person may not work for another; this is especially the case with
mental health.
Some strategies or treatments are more successful when combined
with others. A patient with a chronic mental disorder may choose
different options at different stages in their life. The majority of
experts say that a well-informed patient is probably the best judge
of what treatment suits them best.

22. Treatment of
Mental Illness
Psychotherapy (talking therapies) - this is a psychological approach
to treating mental illness.Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT),
exposure therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy are examples.
Medication - although it can not cure mental disorders, some
medications can improve symptoms.
Self-help - including lifestyle changes such as reducing alcohol
intake, sleeping more, and eating well.

23. Maintaining
Positive
Mental Health
 Getting professional help if you need it
 Connecting with others
 Staying positive
 Getting physically active
 Helping others
 Getting enough sleep
 Developing coping skills
Always remember if you have a mental health issue, it is
not just about you being able to cope with it, it must be
addressed with a professional

24. CrisisCenter
These are their hotline numbers:
Information and Crisis Intervention Center
(02) 804-HOPE (4673)
0917-558-HOPE (4673) or (632) 211-4550
0917-852-HOPE (4673) or (632) 964-6876
0917-842-HOPE (4673) or (632) 964-4084
InTouch Crisis Lines:
0917-572-HOPE or (632) 211-1305
(02) 893-7606 (24/7)
(02) 893-7603 (Mon-Fri, 9 am-5 pm)
Globe (63917) 800.1123 or (632) 506.7314
Sun (63922) 893.8944 or (632) 346.8776

25. Sources
 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php
 https://www.mentalhealth.gov/basics/what-is-mental-health
 https://www.manilatimes.net/mental-health-in-the-
philippines/418522/
 http://manilastandard.net/spotlight/256663/raising-mental-
health-awareness-.html
 https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-
health-problems/mental-health-problems-
introduction/causes/#.W43kRugzbIU