The document discusses different types of design including structural and decorative design. It also outlines principles of good design such as simplicity, proportionality, and suitability of materials. Key principles of design are then explained in more detail, including balance, rhythm, emphasis and subordination, proportion, and harmony. Balance can be formal, bisymmetric, obvious, or informal. Rhythm can be achieved through repetition, alternation, sequence, radiation, parallelism, or continuous line movement. Emphasis highlights key elements while subordination lessens stress on other elements. Proportion refers to the pleasing relationships between different artistic elements. Harmony implies a pleasant relationship among the combined elements of a whole design.

3. Kinds of DesignStructural
Design
Decorative
Design
refers to that aspect of
arrangement which is governed
by size, shape, color, value,
space and texture.
is the surface enrichment of a
structural design.

4. Good design should
meet the following
requirements

5. For Structural Design:
a)Simplicity
b)Proportionality
c)Suitability of the object
to the material of which
it is made
For Decorative Design:
a)Putting the decorative
design on the structural
point of interest
b)Simplicity
c)Covering the surface
quietly

6. 1. BALANCE
As an art principle of design,
balance is a quality which
makes the design in a
composition stable.
There should be a feeling of
equilibrium on both sides.
One should see or feel that
there is this feeling of rest so
that no side will be heavy or
lopsided.

7. Formal Balance
It is the balance
between equal weights
at equal distances from
the center.

8. Bisymmetric Balance
 it is a kind of formal
balance you find the
items on one side exactly
duplicated on the other.

9. Obvious Balance
the distance from the
center should be the
same, but the units on
both sides need not,
strictly speaking, be
identical.

10. Informal Balance
is the quality of stability in
a composition in which
the objects or units on
one side differ from those
on the other, and yet
visually attract our
attention with equal force.

11. WEIGHTS OF THE
ELEMENTS OF ART

12. Lines
Lines have weight. A line which is short, thin
or light in value is lighter than a line which is
long, wide, or dark in value.

13. Values
An object with a light or small value is usually
lighter than one with a dark value. An object
with a shiny value is heavier than an object

14. Forms
A small form is usually lighter than a large form.
A shiny form is also heavier than a dull form.

15. Colors
Warm and intense colors are usually heavier
than cool and dull colors.

16. Textures
Rough textures seem to be heavier than smooth
ones.

17. 2. RHYTHM
it is defined as organized
movement.
In the visual arts,
organized movements
mean that our eyes
should travel from one
unit to another with ease
and pleasure.

18. Formal Rhythm
It is achieved by
organizing the
movements of the units
so that they recur in exact
regularity.
This rhythm is mechanical
in nature and is
sometimes called
measured rhythm.

19. Informal Rhythm
the movements are not
mechanically determined and
have to demand on the
user’s keen sense of
distribution.
 it should be so arranged that
the arrangement will present
a pleasing repetitive
continuity or progression of
movement.

20. Rhythmic movement may be achieved by:
1. Repetition
it is a common way of achieving
rhythmic movement.
When overused it becomes
monotonous.
We may repeat lines, form, value, colors,
and textures.

21. Rhythmic movement may be achieved by:
a. Alternation
It is the measured movement of the
repeated motifs may have a beat of 1-2,
1-2. Or it may be one small object, then a
large one, followed by a small object and
a large object.
b. Sequence
Sequence differs from alternation
because in sequence the unit should only
be one kind of motif.
Types of Repetition

22. Rhythmic movement may be achieved by:
c. Radiation
In radiation the motif is repeated from the
center or toward it. In shape the design
may be a square, a circle, an oval, and so
forth, provided that the motif moves from
or toward the center.
d. Parallelism
It is well known that parallel lines do not
meet. The lines may be straight (vertical,
horizontal, or slanting) or curved, provided
that they are of equal distance from each
other.
Types of Repetition

23. Rhythmic movement may be achieved by:
2. Progression
In progression of sizes, the motif used
runs in a straight line. This way of
creating movement through increase or
decrease in size.
Progression can be used through
alternation, sequence, radiation, or
parallelism.

24. Rhythmic movement may be achieved by:
3. Continuous
Line
Movement
 The eyesight follows line. When the
units are properly placed, the eye is led
to look from one unit to another
unobstructed.
A series of shops along a pathway
leading the eyes to a doorway at the far
end creates a continuous line
movement.

25. 3. EMPHASIS & SUBORDINATION
An arrangement, whether
it may be, should have a
particular point of interest.
But an arrangement is
made up of more than one
item or unit.
Since the focal point of
interest is not the only to
be seen, the other items
must also be given
attention.
Emphasis is the putting of stress. Subordination is the lessening of stress.

26. 4. PROPORTION
Too large pieces of furniture
placed in a small room show
poor proportion between
forms.
Thus a very short line placed
beside a very long one is
ugly because of poor
proportion.
Too sharp a contrast
between the color
combinations in a room
shows wrong.
Proportion is the pleasing relationship among the various elements of art.

27. 5. HARMONY
It is implies a pleasant relationship among the different elements which are
put together to make a whole that aims for harmony.

28. Prepared by:
Group 4