An unconscious individual is found near an electrical hazard with no one around to help. The summary would check for danger, examine the individual for response, check breathing, and if unresponsive and not breathing commence CPR. CPR would involve 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, repeating until help arrives or the individual starts breathing normally. Since there is no phone, the summary would go to the nearby house to call an ambulance, then return to begin CPR.

1. Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation

2. Scenario
An unconscious individual near some sort
of electrical hazard. There’s no one in the
vicinity but there is a house nearby which
has a telephone. You do not have a
mobile. What do you do?
 Checking that the individual is unconscious - 4marks
 Examining breathing – 5 marks
 CPR technique – 11 marks

3. What to do…
 Give student ID to examiner
 Speak through the procedure

4. Danger
 Talk your way through the initial part about DANGER
 Assess the scene
 “I see an unconscious man lying on his back”
 Assess the danger
 “I ensure the safety for myself and victim”
 “I can’t see any danger – there are no wires touching the
individual, no broken glass…”

5. Response
 “I check for victim’s response”
 Shake the victim and rock shoulders
 Pinch ear or sternal rub (providing different stimuli)
 Ask loudly in both ears (incase they are deaf in one ear)
 “Sir! Sir! Can you hear me?”
 Response – Leave them in the same position and get help
 No Response – SHOUT “Help” 3 times
Now make sure the victim is in Supine Position
(head facing the sky, on their back looking up)

6. Airway
 “Check for any cervical spine injuries”
 Feel the cervical spine region
 “No signs of injury”
 Head tilt, Chin Lift
 Tilt the head back
 Raise the victim’s chin
 Check for airway potency
 Open the mouth using two fingers
 “There are no airway obstructions of foreign material”

7. Breathing
 Keep the airway open
 “I will now check for signs of
normal breathing”
 Put your cheek next to the victim’s mouth
 Look – for chest rise
 Listen – for breath sounds
 Feel – air on the cheek
Do this for 10 seconds – count out loud

8. Breathing (cont’d)
 If the victim is breathing normally
 Put them in the recovery position
 Then call an ambulance
 Keep checking for breathing
 If the victim isn’t breathing
 Call an ambulance
 “Since there is no bystander around and both the victim and I do
not have a phone – I would try the house near by”
 “Once I have called the ambulance, I will return to the victim and
commence CPR”
 Then start the CPR procedure

9. CPR Procedure
 Technique
 Kneel by the side of the victim
 Place the heel of one palm on the middle of the victim’s chest
with the other hand interlocked above.
 Find the middle of the chest (you can do it 2 ways):
 2 fingers on either side of the nipple
 Put the heel of your palm, 2 fingers above the xiphoid process
 Keep your arms completely straight
 Tower over the chest on your knees
If your arms aren’t straight you WILL LOOSE MARKS

10. 30 Compressions
 Press down on the sternum
 4-5 cm (1/3 of chest height) right under the inter-nipple
(horizontal) line.
If you push down too hard you will hear clicking and you WILL
LOOSE MARKS
 Rate of compressions
 2 per second (about 100-120 a minute)
 Rhythm – ‘1 and, 2 and, 3 and…) or Nelly the elephant song
 Do 30 compressions…
….followed by 2 rescue breaths

11. 2 Rescue Breaths
 To give the rescue breaths:
 pinch the nose shut using your index finger and thumb
 Keep your palm on his forehead.
 Chin lift with the other hand
 opens the airway.
 Take a deep breath in
 Form a tight seal around the victim’s mouth with your own
 Exhale air fully and at a steady rate
 In such a way that you can see the chest rise
See if the chest moves up and down as you breathe.

12. Finish
 Keep doing and repeating:
 30 chest compressions at 100/min
 followed by 2 rescue breaths
 Until:
 The ambulance or help arrives
 The individual starts breathing
 Put them in the recovery position
 I am completely exhausted

13. Extra bits and bobs
 In case of a toddler or drowned individual
 Initially, 5 rescue breaths
 30 compressions
 Followed by 2 rescue breaths
 In case of a baby
 Use two fingers for compressions
 In a situation when not able to give rescue breaths – give
compressions only

14. Ace the Station
 Be calm!
 A relaxed station
 Student takes full command
 Not asked any medical questions
 Memorise CPR procedure that is in your red practical books
- those are the guidelines the examiner
DON’T USE ANY OTHER GUIDELINES FROM THE NET!
 Speak out loud the CPR procedure
 Practice!

15. Thank you
Questions?